{"id":60945,"date":"2023-12-08T20:23:35","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:23:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=60945"},"modified":"2024-01-29T15:52:13","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T06:52:13","slug":"access-law-password","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password","title":{"rendered":"Podrobnosti a p\u0159\u00edklady poru\u0161en\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zev &#8220;Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a souvisej\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech&#8221;) je z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd byl vytvo\u0159en s c\u00edlem p\u0159edch\u00e1zet kybernetick\u00e9 kriminalit\u011b a udr\u017eovat \u0159\u00e1d v oblasti elektronick\u00fdch komunikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S rostouc\u00edm po\u010dtem u\u017eivatel\u016f internetu a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f se tak\u00e9 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b zvy\u0161uje po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btl\u00edme obsah Z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a p\u0159\u00edklady poru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Co_je_to_zakon_o_zakazu_neopravneneho_pristupu\" title=\"Co je to z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu\">Co je to z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Co_jsou_neopravnene_pristupove_aktivity\" title=\"Co jsou neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity\">Co jsou neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Co_jsou_aktivity_podporujici_neopravnene_pristupove_aktivity\" title=\"Co jsou aktivity podporuj\u00edc\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity\">Co jsou aktivity podporuj\u00edc\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Co_je_to_neopravnene_ziskavani_a_uchovavani_cizich_identifikacnich_kodu\" title=\"Co je to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f\">Co je to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Co_je_to_neopravnene_pozadovani_zadani_cizich_identifikacnich_kodu\" title=\"Co je to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f\">Co je to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Povinnosti_spravce_pristupu\" title=\"Povinnosti spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu\">Povinnosti spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Priklady_poruseni_zakona_o_zakazu_neopravneneho_pristupu_Japanese_Unauthorised_Access_Prohibition_Law\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (Japanese Unauthorised Access Prohibition Law)\">P\u0159\u00edklady poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (Japanese Unauthorised Access Prohibition Law)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Unos_herniho_uctu\" title=\"\u00danos hern\u00edho \u00fa\u010dtu\">\u00danos hern\u00edho \u00fa\u010dtu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Neopravnene_prihlaseni_na_Facebook\" title=\"Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na Facebook\">Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na Facebook<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Neopravneny_pristup_na_aukcni_stranku\" title=\"Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup na auk\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nku\">Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup na auk\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Neopravneny_vstup_do_serveru_pracoviste\" title=\"Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd vstup do serveru pracovi\u0161t\u011b\">Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd vstup do serveru pracovi\u0161t\u011b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Unik_informaci_o_kreditnich_kartach_kvuli_neopravnenemu_pristupu\" title=\"\u00danik informac\u00ed o kreditn\u00edch kart\u00e1ch kv\u016fli neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu\">\u00danik informac\u00ed o kreditn\u00edch kart\u00e1ch kv\u016fli neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Neopravnene_prihlaseni_do_systemu_pro_platby_pomoci_smartphonu\" title=\"Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu pro platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu\">Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu pro platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/access-law-password\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_zakon_o_zakazu_neopravneneho_pristupu\"><\/span>Co je to z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu byl zaveden v roce 2000 (rok 2000 v gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9m kalend\u00e1\u0159i), ale byl revidov\u00e1n v roce 2012 (rok 2012 v gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9m kalend\u00e1\u0159i) v reakci na zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se situaci kybernetick\u00e9 kriminality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tato revize zak\u00e1zala phishingov\u00e9 aktivity a neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f (ID a hesel) a zv\u00fd\u0161ila z\u00e1konn\u00e9 tresty za neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity. Byly zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny \u010dinnosti, kter\u00e9 dosud nebyly trestn\u00e9, co\u017e z\u00e1kon u\u010dinilo efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00edlem z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu je &#8220;p\u0159isp\u011bt k zdrav\u00e9mu rozvoji pokro\u010dil\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed a komunika\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aktivity zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 z\u00e1konem o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity (\u010dl\u00e1nek 3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aktivity podporuj\u00edc\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity (\u010dl\u00e1nek 5)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f (\u010dl\u00e1nky 4 a 6)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f (\u010dl\u00e1nek 7)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro v\u00edce informac\u00ed o z\u00e1konu o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a opat\u0159en\u00edch v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem se pod\u00edvejte na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/unauthorized-computer-access\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/unauthorized-computer-access[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_jsou_neopravnene_pristupove_aktivity\"><\/span>Co jsou neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity lze rozd\u011blit na &#8220;neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221; a &#8220;\u00fatoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed je \u010dinnost, kdy n\u011bkdo zad\u00e1 ciz\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3d (ID a heslo) a p\u0159ihl\u00e1s\u00ed se nap\u0159\u00edklad k \u00fa\u010dtu na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti nebo k e-mailov\u00e9 adrese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00datoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry jsou \u00fatoky, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry (bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed nedostatky v po\u010d\u00edta\u010di p\u0159ipojen\u00e9m k s\u00edti, tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 &#8220;zranitelnosti&#8221;). \u00dato\u010dn\u00edci mohou zneu\u017e\u00edt bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed operac\u00ed, pro kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed, k odcizen\u00ed dat, k \u00faprav\u011b nebo odstran\u011bn\u00ed dat, ke kter\u00fdm nemaj\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed upravovat, nebo k pou\u017eit\u00ed syst\u00e9mu jako v\u00fdchoz\u00edho bodu pro \u00fatoky na jin\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Tento \u00fatok m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt automatizov\u00e1n, podobn\u011b jako po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 viry nebo internetov\u00ed \u010dervi, tak\u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohou utrp\u011bt \u0161kody nebo \u0161\u00ed\u0159it infekci do jin\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f ani\u017e by o tom v\u011bd\u011bli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud provedete neopr\u00e1vn\u011bnou p\u0159\u00edstupovou aktivitu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017een trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na t\u0159i roky nebo pokuta a\u017e jeden milion jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_jsou_aktivity_podporujici_neopravnene_pristupove_aktivity\"><\/span>Co jsou aktivity podporuj\u00edc\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu nezakazuje pouze neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity, ale tak\u00e9 aktivity, kter\u00e9 tyto aktivity podporuj\u00ed. Aktivity podporuj\u00edc\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity zahrnuj\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f, jako jsou ID a hesla, t\u0159et\u00edm stran\u00e1m bez souhlasu majitele, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k \u00fa\u010dtu atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud poru\u0161\u00edte tento z\u00e1kon, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017een trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na jeden rok nebo pokuta a\u017e p\u016fl milionu jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_neopravnene_ziskavani_a_uchovavani_cizich_identifikacnich_kodu\"><\/span>Co je to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f je &#8220;\u010dinnost z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch ID a hesel atd. za \u00fa\u010delem proveden\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f je &#8220;\u010dinnost uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b z\u00edskan\u00fdch ciz\u00edch ID a hesel atd. za \u00fa\u010delem proveden\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivity&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e nebyla provedena neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 aktivita, je zak\u00e1z\u00e1na samotn\u00e1 aktivita vedouc\u00ed k neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 aktivit\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud provedete kteroukoli z t\u011bchto aktivit, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017een trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na jeden rok nebo pokuta a\u017e p\u016fl milionu jen\u016f.<br>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f je neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_neopravnene_pozadovani_zadani_cizich_identifikacnich_kodu\"><\/span>Co je to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f (ID a hesel) je takzvan\u00e1 &#8220;phishingov\u00e1 aktivita&#8221;. Phishingov\u00e1 aktivita je \u010dinnost, kdy se n\u011bkdo vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 za prodejce na internetu nebo finan\u010dn\u00ed instituci, po\u0161le e-mail a svede ob\u011b\u0165 na fale\u0161nou str\u00e1nku, kter\u00e1 se velmi podob\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00e9 str\u00e1nce, a nech\u00e1 ji zadat ID, heslo, kreditn\u00ed kartu a dal\u0161\u00ed osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje. V angli\u010dtin\u011b se to p\u00ed\u0161e jako &#8220;phising&#8221;, co\u017e je slovo vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 kombinac\u00ed dvou slov &#8220;fishing&#8221; (ryba\u0159en\u00ed) a &#8220;sophisticated&#8221; (sofistikovan\u00fd).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e nebyly po\u017eadov\u00e1ny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje, samotn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed fale\u0161n\u00e9 str\u00e1nky je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za phishingovou aktivitu a je regulov\u00e1no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud provedete phishingovou aktivitu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017een trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na jeden rok nebo pokuta a\u017e p\u016fl milionu jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Povinnosti_spravce_pristupu\"><\/span>Povinnosti spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu jsou spr\u00e1vci server\u016f atd. (spr\u00e1vci p\u0159\u00edstupu) vyz\u00fdv\u00e1ni, aby p\u0159ijali obrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed proti neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu (\u010dl\u00e1nek 8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spr\u00e1vci jsou povinni p\u0159ijmout opat\u0159en\u00ed k zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m, jako je &#8220;spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 spr\u00e1va identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;pravideln\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti kontroln\u00edch funkc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu&#8221; a &#8220;pokro\u010dil\u00e9 vylep\u0161en\u00ed kontroln\u00edch funkc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu podle pot\u0159eby&#8221;. Av\u0161ak tato t\u0159i opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou povinnost\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed, tak\u017ee za poru\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto povinnost\u00ed nejsou ulo\u017eeny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 sankce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_poruseni_zakona_o_zakazu_neopravneneho_pristupu_Japanese_Unauthorised_Access_Prohibition_Law\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (Japanese Unauthorised Access Prohibition Law)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_503150188-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9706\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Mezi kybernetick\u00fdmi zlo\u010diny je st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (Japanese Unauthorised Access Prohibition Law). Tento trend je z\u0159ejm\u011b spojen s rostouc\u00ed popularitou nejen po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f a s t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fstem finan\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch na internetu, jako je internetov\u00e9 bankovnictv\u00ed nebo platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu (nap\u0159\u00edklad PayPay).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch se ka\u017edodenn\u011b objevuj\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o \u00fanic\u00edch osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch kybernetick\u00fdmi \u00fatoky nebo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdmi p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edmi do \u00fa\u010dt\u016f na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody. Jak\u00e9 typy incident\u016f spadaj\u00ed pod poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159edstavujeme konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unos_herniho_uctu\"><\/span>\u00danos hern\u00edho \u00fa\u010dtu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Policejn\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed v Saitam\u011b zatklo 23let\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance firmy, kter\u00fd je podez\u0159el\u00fd z odcizen\u00ed ztracen\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed a poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, proto\u017ee p\u0159evzal hern\u00ed \u00fa\u010det na smartphonu jin\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mu\u017e je podez\u0159el\u00fd z toho, \u017ee si vzal smartphone, kter\u00fd ob\u011b\u0165 zapomn\u011bla, spustil na n\u011bm nainstalovanou hru a p\u0159evedl data do sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho smartphonu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neopravnene_prihlaseni_na_Facebook\"><\/span>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na Facebook<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Odd\u011blen\u00ed pro boj proti kybernetick\u00e9 kriminalit\u011b tokijsk\u00e9 metropolitn\u00ed policie zatklo 29let\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance firmy, kter\u00fd je podez\u0159el\u00fd z neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na Facebooky celebrit a dal\u0161\u00edch osob.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podez\u0159el\u00fd je obvin\u011bn\u00fd z neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na Facebook a iCloud celebrit a b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Pou\u017eil informace jako datum narozen\u00ed k odhadu ID a hesla, p\u0159ihl\u00e1sil se a st\u00e1hl fotografie ulo\u017een\u00e9 na sv\u016fj po\u010d\u00edta\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di podez\u0159el\u00e9ho bylo ulo\u017eeno asi 257 000 soukrom\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt viditeln\u00e9 pouze pro samotn\u00e9 celebrity, a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee si prohl\u00ed\u017eel nejen obr\u00e1zky, ale tak\u00e9 adres\u00e1\u0159e bez povolen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neopravneny_pristup_na_aukcni_stranku\"><\/span>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup na auk\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Odd\u011blen\u00ed pro boj proti kybernetick\u00e9 kriminalit\u011b kanagawsk\u00e9 prefektur\u00e1ln\u00ed policie a ji\u017en\u00ed policejn\u00ed stanice zatkly 19let\u00e9ho mlad\u00edka, kter\u00fd je podez\u0159el\u00fd z poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed soukrom\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mlad\u00edk je obvin\u011bn\u00fd z toho, \u017ee se z dom\u00e1c\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1sil na auk\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nku pomoc\u00ed ID a hesla jin\u00e9 osoby a zm\u011bnil e-mailovou adresu a dodac\u00ed adresu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mlad\u00edk uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;ID a hesla byla na internetov\u00e9m f\u00f3ru. Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b jsem se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sil v\u00edce ne\u017e 50kr\u00e1t.&#8221; Vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pokra\u010duje s t\u00edm, \u017ee se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee mlad\u00edk neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b z\u00edskal sou\u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a dal\u0161\u00ed polo\u017eky na auk\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neopravneny_vstup_do_serveru_pracoviste\"><\/span>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd vstup do serveru pracovi\u0161t\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00da\u0159edn\u00edk prefektury Nagasaki byl obvin\u011bn z poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, proto\u017ee se bez povolen\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b dostal na server prefektury Nagasaki pomoc\u00ed ID a hesel n\u011bkolika koleg\u016f. Dokumenty byly odesl\u00e1ny na prokuraturu v Nagasaki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00da\u0159edn\u00edk prefektury pou\u017eil ID a hesla sv\u00fdch koleg\u016f k neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu vstupu na server a pod\u00edval se na jejich pracovn\u00ed obsah atd. Po\u010det neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f tohoto \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edka prefektury dos\u00e1hl des\u00edtek tis\u00edc a po\u010det sta\u017een\u00fdch soubor\u016f se odhaduje na v\u00edce ne\u017e milion, ale nebylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee by do\u0161lo k \u00faniku informac\u00ed mimo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unik_informaci_o_kreditnich_kartach_kvuli_neopravnenemu_pristupu\"><\/span>\u00danik informac\u00ed o kreditn\u00edch kart\u00e1ch kv\u016fli neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Zjistilo se, \u017ee webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka pro prodej sportovn\u00edho vybaven\u00ed byla napadena a existuje mo\u017enost \u00faniku informac\u00ed o kreditn\u00edch kart\u00e1ch z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle provozovatele str\u00e1nky do\u0161lo k \u00faniku informac\u00ed o kreditn\u00edch kart\u00e1ch z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed na str\u00e1nce nakoupili zbo\u017e\u00ed, a n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto informac\u00ed o kart\u00e1ch mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b. Provozovatel str\u00e1nky vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu bylo vyu\u017eit\u00ed slabosti syst\u00e9mu a \u00faprava aplikace pro platby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neopravnene_prihlaseni_do_systemu_pro_platby_pomoci_smartphonu\"><\/span>Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu pro platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V souvislosti s probl\u00e9mem s neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem do syst\u00e9mu pro platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu zatkla policie v prefektu\u0159e Fukuoka dva mu\u017ee, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou podez\u0159el\u00ed z poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a podvodu. Podez\u0159el\u00ed jsou obvin\u011bni z toho, \u017ee se neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1sili do syst\u00e9mu pro platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu pomoc\u00ed ID a hesla jin\u00e9 osoby a koupili si v konven\u010dn\u00edm obchod\u011b elektronick\u00e9 n\u00e1pln\u011b do cigaret a dal\u0161\u00edch 190 polo\u017eek (v hodnot\u011b 95 000 jen\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na \u00fa\u010dtu ob\u011bti pro platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu bylo p\u016fvodn\u011b vlo\u017eeno 5000 jen\u016f, ale bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee bylo vlo\u017eeno dal\u0161\u00edch 90 000 jen\u016f z kreditn\u00ed karty mu\u017ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento syst\u00e9m pro platby pomoc\u00ed smartphonu byl tak\u00e9 posti\u017een mnoha p\u0159\u00edpady neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed, a do konce \u010dervence 2019 bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed dos\u00e1hl asi 800 lid\u00ed a celkov\u00e1 \u0161koda dos\u00e1hla asi 38,6 milionu jen\u016f. Slu\u017eba byla pot\u00e9 zru\u0161ena v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem mohou postihnout ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotlivce nebo podnik, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 internet. Nav\u00edc, tyto \u0161kody mohou zahrnovat neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, \u00fanik osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed plateb p\u0159es smartphone nebo kreditn\u00ed karty a mohou se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it do velk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee jste byli po\u0161kozeni poru\u0161en\u00edm z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu), m\u016f\u017eete podat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed nebo po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody na z\u00e1klad\u011b ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku. Av\u0161ak ob\u011b tyto procedury vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysokou \u00farove\u0148 odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed, proto doporu\u010dujeme konzultovat s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd je odborn\u00edkem na neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zev &#8220;Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a souvisej\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech&#8221;) je z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd byl vytvo\u0159en s c\u00edlem p\u0159edch\u00e1zet kybernetick\u00e9 k [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":62457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[35,19],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60945"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60945"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62503,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60945\/revisions\/62503"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}