{"id":60982,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=60982"},"modified":"2024-03-30T23:40:59","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T14:40:59","slug":"contempt-severe-punishment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment","title":{"rendered":"Jak se zm\u011bnilo trestn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v roce Reiwa 4 (2022)? Advok\u00e1t vysv\u011btluje zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pomluvy a ur\u00e1\u017eky mohou m\u00edt pro jejich ob\u011bti v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky. S rostouc\u00edm po\u010dtem pomluv a ur\u00e1\u017eek na internetu a na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch byl v \u010dervenci roku Reiwa 4 (2022) zm\u011bn\u011bn trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd zp\u0159\u00edsnil tresty za ur\u00e1\u017eky. Toto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd krok k potla\u010den\u00ed pomluv a k ochran\u011b ob\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zm\u011bny p\u0159inesla tato novela trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Moznost_trestu_odneti_svobody_v_pripade_zprisneni_trestu_za_urazku\" title=\"Mo\u017enost trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku\">Mo\u017enost trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Zmeny_v_dusledku_zvyseni_zakonnych_trestu_za_urazku_na_cti\" title=\"Zm\u011bny v d\u016fsledku zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fdch trest\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti\">Zm\u011bny v d\u016fsledku zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fdch trest\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Prodlouzeni_promlceci_lhuty_pro_trestni_stihani_urazky_na_cti_na_3_roky\" title=\"Prodlou\u017een\u00ed proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fty pro trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti na 3 roky\">Prodlou\u017een\u00ed proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fty pro trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti na 3 roky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Podnecovani_a_napomahani_urazky_na_cti_se_take_tresta\" title=\"Podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed a napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti se tak\u00e9 trest\u00e1\">Podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed a napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti se tak\u00e9 trest\u00e1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Zmeny_v_pozadavcich_na_zatceni_v_dusledku_zprisneni_trestu_za_urazku\" title=\"Zm\u011bny v po\u017eadavc\u00edch na zat\u010den\u00ed v d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trest\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku\">Zm\u011bny v po\u017eadavc\u00edch na zat\u010den\u00ed v d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trest\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Dopady_zvyseni_zakonneho_trestu_za_urazku\" title=\"Dopady zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku\">Dopady zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Mozny_narust_trestnich_oznameni_za_urazku\" title=\"Mo\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst trestn\u00edch ozn\u00e1men\u00ed za ur\u00e1\u017eku\">Mo\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst trestn\u00edch ozn\u00e1men\u00ed za ur\u00e1\u017eku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Moznost_ze_pachatele_budou_ochotnejsi_pristoupit_na_mimosoudni_vyrovnani\" title=\"Mo\u017enost, \u017ee pachatel\u00e9 budou ochotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159istoupit na mimosoudn\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed\">Mo\u017enost, \u017ee pachatel\u00e9 budou ochotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159istoupit na mimosoudn\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Shrnuti_V_pripade_urazky_se_poradte_s_pravnikem\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ur\u00e1\u017eky se pora\u010fte s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem\">Shrnut\u00ed: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ur\u00e1\u017eky se pora\u010fte s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/contempt-severe-punishment\/#Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\" title=\"P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e\">P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moznost_trestu_odneti_svobody_v_pripade_zprisneni_trestu_za_urazku\"><\/span>Mo\u017enost trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_201406001.jpg\" alt=\"Mo\u017enost trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku\" class=\"wp-image-58838\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy je sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n, kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo ve\u0159ejn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed skute\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed jin\u00e9 osoby (japonsk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk, \u010dl\u00e1nek 230). Z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest za pomluvu je trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do t\u0159\u00ed let nebo pokuta do 500 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, trestn\u00fd \u010din ur\u00e1\u017eky je sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n, kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo ve\u0159ejn\u011b uraz\u00ed jinou osobu bez uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u00ed (japonsk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk, \u010dl\u00e1nek 231). P\u0159ed novelizac\u00ed trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku byl z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest za ur\u00e1\u017eku zadr\u017een\u00ed nebo pokuta. &#8220;Zadr\u017een\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 trest, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m je osoba dr\u017eena v trestnick\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed po dobu jednoho a\u017e t\u0159iceti dn\u016f (japonsk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk, \u010dl\u00e1nek 16), a &#8220;pokuta&#8221; znamen\u00e1 trest, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m je osoba povinna zaplatit \u010d\u00e1stku od 1 000 do 10 000 jen\u016f (japonsk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk, \u010dl\u00e1nek 17).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto byl z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest za ur\u00e1\u017eku p\u0159ed novelizac\u00ed trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku mnohem m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest za pomluvu a byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jeden z nejm\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch trest\u016f v trestn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V roce 2022 (Reiwa 4) byl z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest za ur\u00e1\u017eku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 231: Kdo ve\u0159ejn\u011b uraz\u00ed jinou osobu, a\u0165 u\u017e uv\u00e1d\u00ed skute\u010dnosti nebo ne, bude potrest\u00e1n trestem odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do jednoho roku nebo pokutou do 300 000 jen\u016f, nebo zadr\u017een\u00edm nebo pokutou.<\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/elaws.e-gov.go.jp\/document?lawid=140AC0000000045_20220707_504AC0000000067&amp;keyword=%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95#Mp-At_231\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">e-Gov pr\u00e1vn\u00ed vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed\uff5cTrestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk[ja]<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<p id=\"block-6a8d6746-c02a-43cf-9792-88f7df2facc9\">Dosud byl rozd\u00edl mezi trestn\u00fdmi \u010diny pomluvy a ur\u00e1\u017eky v tom, zda byly uv\u00e1d\u011bny skute\u010dnosti, a proto\u017ee se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo, \u017ee m\u00edra po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti se li\u0161\u00ed, byl z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest za pomluvu stanoven jako t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>V\u0161ak vzhledem k realit\u011b pomluv a ur\u00e1\u017eek na internetu se st\u00e1le v\u00edce prosazuje n\u00e1zor, \u017ee nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 stanovit tak velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl v z\u00e1konn\u00fdch trestech na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, zda jsou uv\u00e1d\u011bny skute\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Proto byl z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest za ur\u00e1\u017eku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn, aby se mohlo p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bji postupovat proti zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm ur\u00e1\u017eky. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest st\u00e1le zahrnuje zadr\u017een\u00ed a pokutu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nen\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011brem trestat v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edpady ur\u00e1\u017eky stejn\u011b t\u011b\u017ece, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Nav\u00edc, i kdy\u017e byl z\u00e1konn\u00fd trest zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn, nebyly provedeny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v po\u017eadavc\u00edch pro sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu ur\u00e1\u017eky. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 trestat \u010diny, kter\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve nebyly trestn\u00e9 jako ur\u00e1\u017eka.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/honor-feelings-part1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Co je poru\u0161en\u00ed cti (trestn\u00fd \u010din ur\u00e1\u017eky)? Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edkladech zpravodajstv\u00ed t\u00fdden\u00edk\u016f[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/slander-defamation-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ur\u00e1\u017eky na internetu (pomluvy a ur\u00e1\u017eky) a poru\u0161en\u00ed cti[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zmeny_v_dusledku_zvyseni_zakonnych_trestu_za_urazku_na_cti\"><\/span>Zm\u011bny v d\u016fsledku zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fdch trest\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":58837,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-58837\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_1348252883.jpg\" alt=\"Zm\u011bny v d\u016fsledku zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fdch trest\u016f\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>V d\u016fsledku zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fdch trest\u016f do\u0161lo k n\u011bkolika zm\u011bn\u00e1m v pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprav\u011b trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prodlouzeni_promlceci_lhuty_pro_trestni_stihani_urazky_na_cti_na_3_roky\"><\/span>Prodlou\u017een\u00ed proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fty pro trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti na 3 roky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fta pro trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; je syst\u00e9m, podle kter\u00e9ho po uplynut\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 doby od sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu ji\u017e nelze podat trestn\u00ed \u017ealobu na tento trestn\u00fd \u010din. Proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fta pro trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed podle z\u00e1va\u017enosti trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e u z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f je proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fta del\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed novelizac\u00ed byl trest za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti pouze vazba nebo pokuta, a proto byla proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fta pro trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed jedn\u00edm rokem (\u010dl\u00e1nek 250 odstavec 2 bod 7 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du). V d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti, kdy nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed trest je nyn\u00ed trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu nep\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed jeden rok, se proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fta pro trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti prodlou\u017eila na t\u0159i roky (tamt\u00e9\u017e bod 6).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>V\u0161ak je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti je &#8220;trestn\u00fd \u010din na podn\u011bt&#8221;, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bez pod\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00edho ozn\u00e1men\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu nebo jinou osobou nelze podat ob\u017ealobu. Trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed nelze podat po uplynut\u00ed \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f od dne, kdy byl pachatel zji\u0161t\u011bn. Tato lh\u016fta pro pod\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00edho ozn\u00e1men\u00ed se nezm\u011bnila ani p\u0159ed ani po novelizaci.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Podnecovani_a_napomahani_urazky_na_cti_se_take_tresta\"><\/span>Podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed a napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti se tak\u00e9 trest\u00e1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Osobu, kter\u00e1 sp\u00e1ch\u00e1 trestn\u00fd \u010din, naz\u00fdv\u00e1me &#8220;p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd pachatel&#8221;. &#8220;Podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 p\u0159im\u011bt n\u011bkoho k rozhodnut\u00ed sp\u00e1chat trestn\u00fd \u010din a n\u00e1sledn\u011b ho k tomu donutit. O podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1,<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:quote --><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 61<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Osoba, kter\u00e1 n\u011bkoho podn\u011bcuje k p\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu, bude potrest\u00e1na stejn\u011b jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd pachatel.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>2. To sam\u00e9 plat\u00ed pro osobu, kter\u00e1 podn\u011bcuje podn\u011bcovatele.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><cite><a title=\"e-Gov\uff5cTrestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\" href=\"https:\/\/elaws.e-gov.go.jp\/document?lawid=140AC0000000045_20220707_504AC0000000067&amp;keyword=%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95#Mp-At_61\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">e-Gov\uff5cJaponsk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon[ja]<\/a><\/cite><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- \/wp:quote --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>je stanoveno.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>D\u00e1le, &#8220;napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 pomoci p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu pachateli, aby mohl snadn\u011bji sp\u00e1chat trestn\u00fd \u010din. O napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1,<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:quote --><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 62<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Osoba, kter\u00e1 napom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu pachateli, je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za spolupachatele.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>2. Osoba, kter\u00e1 podn\u011bcuje spolupachatele, bude potrest\u00e1na stejn\u011b jako spolupachatel.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><cite><a title=\"e-Gov\uff5cTrestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\" href=\"https:\/\/elaws.e-gov.go.jp\/document?lawid=140AC0000000045_20220707_504AC0000000067&amp;keyword=%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95#Mp-At_62\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">e-Gov\uff5cJaponsk\u00fd trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon[ja]<\/a><\/cite><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- \/wp:quote --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>je stanoveno.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 64 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, &#8220;podn\u011bcovatel\u00e9 a spolupachatel\u00e9 trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, za kter\u00e9 se trest\u00e1 pouze vazbou nebo pokutou, nebudou trest\u00e1ni, pokud neexistuje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed&#8221;. Proto p\u0159ed novelizac\u00ed nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 trestat podn\u011bcovatele a spolupachatele ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti, ale po novelizaci tato omezen\u00ed neplat\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee podn\u011bcovatel\u00e9 jsou trest\u00e1ni stejn\u011b jako p\u0159\u00edm\u00ed pachatel\u00e9, tak\u017ee podn\u011bcovatel\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1ni v r\u00e1mci z\u00e1konn\u00fdch trest\u016f, jako je &#8220;trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do jednoho roku&#8221;, &#8220;v\u011bzen\u00ed na dobu do jednoho roku&#8221;, &#8220;pokuta do 300 000 jen\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;vazba do 30 dn\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;pokuta do 10 000 jen\u016f&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, spolupachatel\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1ni v r\u00e1mci poloviny t\u011bchto trest\u016f, tedy &#8220;trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;v\u011bzen\u00ed na dobu do \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;pokuta do 150 000 jen\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;vazba do 15 dn\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;pokuta do 5 000 jen\u016f&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zmeny_v_pozadavcich_na_zatceni_v_dusledku_zprisneni_trestu_za_urazku\"><\/span>Zm\u011bny v po\u017eadavc\u00edch na zat\u010den\u00ed v d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trest\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Je stanoveno, \u017ee st\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1stupce, soudn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk nebo soudn\u00ed policista m\u016f\u017ee zatknout podez\u0159el\u00e9ho, pokud existuje dostate\u010dn\u00fd d\u016fvod k podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee sp\u00e1chal trestn\u00fd \u010din, na z\u00e1klad\u011b zatyka\u010de vydan\u00e9ho p\u0159edem soudcem.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, kter\u00e9 vedou k zadr\u017een\u00ed nebo pokut\u011b, mo\u017enost zatknout podez\u0159el\u00e9ho na z\u00e1klad\u011b zatyka\u010de vydan\u00e9ho soudcem je omezena na p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy &#8220;podez\u0159el\u00fd nem\u00e1 st\u00e1l\u00e9 bydli\u0161t\u011b&#8221; nebo &#8220;podez\u0159el\u00fd bez opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu nereaguje na v\u00fdzvu k p\u0159edveden\u00ed&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 199 japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>V d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trest\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny tresty odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a v\u011bzen\u00ed, a tato omezen\u00ed byla zru\u0161ena. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, pravd\u011bpodobnost zat\u010den\u00ed za ur\u00e1\u017eku se zna\u010dn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadem ur\u00e1\u017eky na internetu, ale ukazuje, \u017ee existuje mo\u017enost zat\u010den\u00ed i za ur\u00e1\u017eku.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Reference: Mu\u017e, kter\u00fd se vyd\u00e1val za \u0159editele firmy, byl zat\u010den za ur\u00e1\u017eku, kdy\u017e na ve\u0159ejnosti k\u0159i\u010del, \u017ee &#8216;tenhle chlap je bl\u00e1zen&#8217;. Poprv\u00e9 v prefektu\u0159e I\u0161ikawa od zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trest\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dopady_zvyseni_zakonneho_trestu_za_urazku\"><\/span>Dopady zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":58836,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-58836\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_2121705137.jpg\" alt=\"Dopady zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho trestu\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Jak\u00e9 dopady m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku?<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mozny_narust_trestnich_oznameni_za_urazku\"><\/span>Mo\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst trestn\u00edch ozn\u00e1men\u00ed za ur\u00e1\u017eku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Ur\u00e1\u017eka je &#8220;trestn\u00fd \u010din na podn\u011bt&#8221;, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bez trestn\u00edho ozn\u00e1men\u00ed k n\u011bmu nedojde k ob\u017ealob\u011b. V d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1r\u016fst trestn\u00edch ozn\u00e1men\u00ed za tento trestn\u00fd \u010din.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed novelizac\u00ed trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, i kdy\u017e bylo pod\u00e1no trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed a byla uzn\u00e1na ur\u00e1\u017eka, trestem bylo &#8220;zadr\u017een\u00ed nebo pokuta&#8221;, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v praxi to byla v\u011bt\u0161inou &#8220;pokuta 9 000 jen\u016f&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Ve skute\u010dnosti, pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na 30 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f uveden\u00fdch v <a title=\"Sb\u00edrka p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ur\u00e1\u017eky (Materi\u00e1ly distribuovan\u00e9 na prvn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed podv\u00fdboru pro trestn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo Rady pro legislativn\u00ed \u00fapravy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.moj.go.jp\/content\/001375709.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Co je poru\u0161en\u00ed cti (trestn\u00fd \u010din ur\u00e1\u017eky)? Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edkladech zpravodajstv\u00ed t\u00fdden\u00edk\u016f[ja]<\/a> Ministerstva spravedlnosti, kter\u00e9 byly odsouzeny pouze za ur\u00e1\u017eku v roce Reiwa 2 (2020), \u010dty\u0159i p\u0159\u00edpady byly pokutov\u00e1ny 9 900 jen\u016f a zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 26 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f bylo pokutov\u00e1no 9 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee mnoho ob\u011bt\u00ed se zdr\u00e1halo podat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed. V d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu se ob\u011bti mohou st\u00e1t aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00edch ozn\u00e1men\u00ed. Nav\u00edc se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee policie a st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed budou na trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed reagovat aktivn\u011bji d\u00edky zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moznost_ze_pachatele_budou_ochotnejsi_pristoupit_na_mimosoudni_vyrovnani\"><\/span>Mo\u017enost, \u017ee pachatel\u00e9 budou ochotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159istoupit na mimosoudn\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Mimosoudn\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed znamen\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed sporu dohodou mezi stranami. \u010casto se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v trestn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech nebo p\u0159i dopravn\u00edch nehod\u00e1ch, kdy pachatel zaplat\u00ed od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a na opl\u00e1tku ob\u011b\u0165 souhlas\u00ed s podm\u00ednkami, jako je &#8220;nebude pod\u00e1vat \u017ealobu&#8221; nebo &#8220;nebude pod\u00e1vat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed (ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o \u0161kod\u011b) nebo ho st\u00e1hne&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>V d\u016fsledku zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed trestu za ur\u00e1\u017eku se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee pachatel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve brali ur\u00e1\u017eku na lehkou v\u00e1hu s my\u0161lenkou &#8220;stejn\u011b jde jen o ur\u00e1\u017eku&#8221;, budou ochotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159istoupit na mimosoudn\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti_V_pripade_urazky_se_poradte_s_pravnikem\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ur\u00e1\u017eky se pora\u010fte s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>V posledn\u00edch letech se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee nen\u00ed p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 udr\u017eovat velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl v trestn\u00ed sazb\u011b mezi trestn\u00fdmi \u010diny ur\u00e1\u017eky a pomluvy, jak tomu bylo dosud. Trestn\u00fd \u010din ur\u00e1\u017eky je nyn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u011b hodnocen jako trestn\u00fd \u010din, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba \u0159e\u0161it p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b. Tento trestn\u00fd \u010din byl zv\u00fd\u0161en na trestn\u00ed sazbu srovnatelnou s trestn\u00fdm \u010dinem pomluvy, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo jeho p\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b se \u0159e\u0161ily z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady ur\u00e1\u017eky.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>S p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm trest\u00e1n\u00edm trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu ur\u00e1\u017eky se m\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 tresty pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 \u017ealoby, podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed a pomoc p\u0159i sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu. Zejm\u00e9na prodlou\u017een\u00ed lh\u016fty pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 \u017ealoby z jednoho na t\u0159i roky znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1r\u016fst p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy je mo\u017en\u00e9 podat \u017ealobu i po \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9m procesu identifikace autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku na internetu. Doporu\u010dujeme se poradit s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem ohledn\u011b pomluv na internetu.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><br \/><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\"><\/span>P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolith je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 s bohat\u00fdmi zku\u0161enostmi v oblasti IT, zejm\u00e9na internetu a pr\u00e1va. V posledn\u00edch letech informace o \u0161kod\u00e1ch zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm pomluv a ur\u00e1\u017eek na internetu zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kody jako &#8220;digit\u00e1ln\u00ed tetov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;. Na\u0161e kancel\u00e1\u0159 nab\u00edz\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro boj proti &#8220;digit\u00e1ln\u00edmu tetov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;. Podrobnosti jsou uvedeny v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Obory, kter\u00fdmi se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolith: <a title=\"Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed tetov\u00e1n\u00ed\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/digitaltattoo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Digital tattoo[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pomluvy a ur\u00e1\u017eky mohou m\u00edt pro jejich ob\u011bti v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky. S rostouc\u00edm po\u010dtem pomluv a ur\u00e1\u017eek na internetu a na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch byl v \u010dervenci roku Reiwa 4 (2022) zm\u011bn\u011bn trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd zp\u0159\u00edsn [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":62673,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[30,24],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60982"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60982"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60982\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64249,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60982\/revisions\/64249"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}