{"id":61027,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:20","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61027"},"modified":"2024-03-29T11:07:34","modified_gmt":"2024-03-29T02:07:34","slug":"industrial-products-copyright","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/industrial-products-copyright","title":{"rendered":"Existuje autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na hromadn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky? Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed vztahu s Japonsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o designu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee si lze snadno p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee um\u011bn\u00ed je p\u0159edm\u011btem ochrany autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i kdy\u017e \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me &#8220;um\u011bn\u00ed&#8221; jedn\u00edm slovem, jeho rozsah je \u0161irok\u00fd a formy jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Slovo &#8220;um\u011bn\u00ed&#8221; je klasifikov\u00e1no do dvou kategori\u00ed. Jednou je &#8220;\u010dist\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed&#8221;, kter\u00e9 je vytvo\u0159eno pro \u00fa\u010dely obdivu, jako jsou malby, grafiky a sochy. Druhou je &#8220;aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed&#8221;, kter\u00e9 aplikuje um\u011bn\u00ed na u\u017eitkov\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esto v\u0161ak nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 ob\u011b kategorie striktn\u011b odd\u011blit. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad, mezi \u010dist\u00fdm um\u011bn\u00edm a aplikovan\u00fdm um\u011bn\u00edm existuj\u00ed &#8220;um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky jsou um\u011bleck\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed estetickou hodnotu p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed praktick\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed, jako jsou sochy Buddhy nebo \u0161perky. Toto um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emeslo je chr\u00e1n\u011bno &#8220;Japonsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech&#8221; podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 2,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>V tomto z\u00e1kon\u011b se rozum\u00ed &#8220;um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo&#8221; jako zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>a je chr\u00e1n\u011bno autorsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem. Takto je posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v &#8220;um\u011bn\u00ed&#8221; pom\u011brn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy se v soudn\u00edch sporech st\u00e1v\u00e1 probl\u00e9mem, zda na aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, jako jsou pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky mimo um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, vznikaj\u00ed autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Zde vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak je aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed ch\u00e1p\u00e1no v &#8220;Japonsk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/industrial-products-copyright\/#Soudni_pripady_tykajici_se_aplikovaneho_umeni\" title=\"Soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se aplikovan\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed\">Soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se aplikovan\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/industrial-products-copyright\/#Pripad_Cervena_vazka\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad \u010cerven\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017eka\">P\u0159\u00edpad \u010cerven\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017eka<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/industrial-products-copyright\/#Prvni_instance_pripadu_TRIPP_TRAPP\" title=\"Prvn\u00ed instance p\u0159\u00edpadu TRIPP TRAPP\">Prvn\u00ed instance p\u0159\u00edpadu TRIPP TRAPP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/industrial-products-copyright\/#Odvolaci_rizeni_v_pripadu_TRIPP_TRAPP\" title=\"Odvolac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpadu TRIPP TRAPP\">Odvolac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpadu TRIPP TRAPP<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/industrial-products-copyright\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Soudni_pripady_tykajici_se_aplikovaneho_umeni\"><\/span>Soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se aplikovan\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/industrial-products-copyright1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31372\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V na\u0161\u00ed zemi bylo tradi\u010dn\u011b uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo pouze na \u010dist\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je p\u0159edm\u011btem obdivu, a aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, jako jsou pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, bylo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee bylo v\u00fdslovn\u011b uzn\u00e1no jako &#8220;um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emeslo&#8221; podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Design pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e9 nejsou samostatn\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem obdivu, byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nespl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed po\u017eadavek &#8220;pat\u0159\u00ed do oblasti literatury, v\u011bdy, um\u011bn\u00ed nebo hudby&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na pozad\u00ed toho je n\u00e1zor, \u017ee pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd design by m\u011bl b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bn z\u00e1konem o designu a \u017ee 70 let dlouh\u00e1 ochrana podle z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doba platnosti z\u00e1kona o designu byla prohl\u00e1\u0161ena po 1. dubnu 2020 (rok 2 Reiwa) prodlou\u017eena z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 20 let na 25 let, ale st\u00e1le je to v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ochranou podle z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 doba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tak\u00e9 byl siln\u00fd n\u00e1zor, \u017ee pokud by se uvolnilo p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech a z\u00e1kona o designu, mohlo by to znamenat z\u00e1nik v\u00fdznamu z\u00e1kona o designu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/design-package-color-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/design-package-color-law[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_Cervena_vazka\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad \u010cerven\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017eka<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/industrial-products-copyright4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31375\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V soudn\u00edm sporu, kde byla zpochybn\u011bna autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo, \u017ealobce, spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 vyr\u00e1b\u011bla a prod\u00e1vala velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed barevn\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch figurek nazvan\u00fdch &#8220;\u010cerven\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017eka&#8221;, po\u017e\u00e1dala o p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed proti \u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 vytvo\u0159ila a prod\u00e1vala repliky t\u011bchto figurek pomoc\u00ed s\u00e1dry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost tvrdila, \u017ee tato figurka nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1na za autorsk\u00e9 d\u00edlo, proto\u017ee byla vytvo\u0159ena s c\u00edlem b\u00fdt vyu\u017eita pr\u016fmyslov\u011b a vyr\u00e1b\u011bna ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud v\u0161ak rozhodl, \u017ee figurka &#8220;\u010cerven\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017eka&#8221; je um\u011bleck\u00fdm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm obrazu inspirovan\u00e9ho stejnojmennou d\u011btskou p\u00edsn\u00ed a \u017ee jej\u00ed tvar, v\u00fdraz, vzor na oble\u010den\u00ed a barvy mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za kreativn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed emoc\u00ed. Soud d\u00e1le uznal, \u017ee figurka m\u00e1 um\u011bleckou hodnotu a je chr\u00e1n\u011bna Japonsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na podstatu rozhodnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo, kter\u00e9 bylo vytvo\u0159eno s c\u00edlem b\u00fdt vyr\u00e1b\u011bno ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed a vyu\u017eito pr\u016fmyslov\u011b, nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zbaveno sv\u00e9ho statusu autorsk\u00e9ho d\u00edla pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, \u017ee bylo skute\u010dn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bno ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. Nav\u00edc, i kdy\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee tato figurka m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bna Japonsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o designu, hranice mezi designem a um\u011bleck\u00fdm d\u00edlem jsou jemn\u00e9 a ob\u011b mohou existovat sou\u010dasn\u011b. Proto nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mo\u017enost registrace designu d\u016fvodem pro vylou\u010den\u00ed z ochrany Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech. Tato figurka by m\u011bla b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bna jako um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emeslo podle Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech.<\/p>\n<cite>Soud v Nagasaki, rozhodnut\u00ed ze dne 7. \u00fanora 1973 (1973)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Toto rozhodnut\u00ed potvrzuje, \u017ee d\u00edlo nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zbaveno sv\u00e9ho statusu autorsk\u00e9ho d\u00edla pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, \u017ee bylo vytvo\u0159eno s c\u00edlem b\u00fdt vyr\u00e1b\u011bno ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed a vyu\u017eito pr\u016fmyslov\u011b, a \u017ee aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za autorsk\u00e9 d\u00edlo, pokud je um\u011bleck\u00fdm \u0159emeslem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va nebyla uzn\u00e1na. Jedn\u00edm z nich je p\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;K\u0159eslo Knee&#8221;, kdy sv\u011btozn\u00e1m\u00fd design\u00e9r \u017ealoval spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 dovezla kopie jeho navr\u017een\u00e9ho k\u0159esla (K\u0159eslo Knee) z Tchaj-wanu, a po\u017eadoval z\u00e1kaz v\u00fdroby a prodeje na z\u00e1klad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Podle Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech se term\u00edn &#8220;um\u011bn\u00ed&#8221; obecn\u011b vztahuje pouze na \u010dist\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je prim\u00e1rn\u011b ur\u010deno k obdivov\u00e1n\u00ed. Aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je estetick\u00fdm d\u00edlem slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edm tak\u00e9 praktick\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, je chr\u00e1n\u011bno pouze pokud je zahrnuto do kategorie um\u011bleck\u00fdch \u0159emesel podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 2 tohoto z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n<cite>Osaka High Court, rozhodnut\u00ed ze dne 14. \u00fanora 1990 (1990)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce se odvolal k Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu soudu, ale jeho odvol\u00e1n\u00ed bylo zam\u00edtnuto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak je z t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f z\u0159ejm\u00e9, v tradi\u010dn\u00edch soudn\u00edch rozhodnut\u00edch bylo rozhodov\u00e1no o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, zda d\u00edlo odpov\u00edd\u00e1 kategorii um\u011bleck\u00fdch \u0159emesel vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fdch jednotliv\u011b, nebo zda je esteticky obdivov\u00e1no na \u00farovni \u010dist\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed. Pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed byla stanovena vysok\u00e1 la\u0165ka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prvni_instance_pripadu_TRIPP_TRAPP\"><\/span>Prvn\u00ed instance p\u0159\u00edpadu TRIPP TRAPP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/industrial-products-copyright3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31374\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Do\u0161lo k p\u0159\u00edpadu, kdy spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 je dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v k d\u011btsk\u00e9 \u017eidli TRIPP TRAPP, tvrdila, \u017ee tvar \u017eidle, kterou vyr\u00e1b\u00ed a prod\u00e1v\u00e1 ob\u017ealovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, je velmi podobn\u00fd tvaru TRIPP TRAPP a poru\u0161uje autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo pr\u00e1vo na adaptaci) k tomuto produktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed instance v Tokijsk\u00e9m okresn\u00edm soudu (17. dubna 2014) uvedla, \u017ee pro ochranu u\u017eitkov\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed podle autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va je t\u0159eba,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>z hlediska dosa\u017een\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy mezi ochranou podle autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a ochranou podle z\u00e1kona o pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch vzorech (japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch vzorech), \u017ee pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me mimo praktickou funkci, mus\u00ed to m\u00edt estetickou kreativitu, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159edm\u011btem estetick\u00e9ho hodnocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, rozsudek ze dne 17. dubna 2014 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud podle tohoto standardu, kter\u00fd je v souladu s p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi soudn\u00edmi rozhodnut\u00edmi, zkoumal a pop\u0159el, \u017ee TRIPP TRAPP je autorsk\u00fdm d\u00edlem. Z hlediska dosa\u017een\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy mezi ochranou podle autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a ochranou podle z\u00e1kona o pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch vzorech, bylo rozhodovac\u00edm krit\u00e9riem, zda m\u00e1, pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me mimo praktickou funkci, estetickou kreativitu, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159edm\u011btem estetick\u00e9ho hodnocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na to \u017ealobce odvolal, ale v odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed byla uvedena odli\u0161n\u00e1 norma od tradi\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Odvolaci_rizeni_v_pripadu_TRIPP_TRAPP\"><\/span>Odvolac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpadu TRIPP TRAPP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, Japonsk\u00fd Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, v souvislosti s \u010dl\u00e1nkem 2 odstavec 2 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona (Japanese Copyright Law), kter\u00fd uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee &#8220;v tomto z\u00e1kon\u011b se pod &#8216;um\u011bleck\u00fdmi d\u00edly&#8217; rozum\u00ed i um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky&#8221;, uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 2 odstavec 2 tohoto z\u00e1kona je pouze ilustrativn\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed pro &#8216;um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla&#8217; a i kdy\u017e se nejedn\u00e1 o &#8216;um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky&#8217; uveden\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edkladech, pokud spl\u0148uj\u00ed po\u017eadavky na autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo stanoven\u00e9 v \u010dl\u00e1nku 1 odstavec 1, m\u011bly by b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bny jako &#8216;um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla&#8217; podle tohoto z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n<cite>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, rozsudek ze dne 14. dubna 2015 (2015)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu, &#8216;um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky&#8217; v Japonsk\u00e9m autorsk\u00e9m z\u00e1konu jsou pouze jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f a \u010dl\u00e1nek 2 odstavec 2 tohoto z\u00e1kona nevylu\u010duje aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00fdm \u0159emesln\u00fdm v\u00fdrobkem. D\u00e1le soud uvedl, \u017ee by nebylo vhodn\u00e9 stanovit krit\u00e9ria pro hodnocen\u00ed vysok\u00e9 kreativity v aplikovan\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed a \u017ee by m\u011blo b\u00fdt posuzov\u00e1no, zda konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na argument obhajoby, \u017ee aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bno Japonsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o designu (Japanese Design Law), soud odpov\u011bd\u011bl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Japonsk\u00fd autorsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon a Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o designu maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely a c\u00edle (\u010dl\u00e1nek 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, \u010dl\u00e1nek 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1konu o designu) a nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, aby jeden z nich byl v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b nebo preferen\u010dn\u011b uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n a druh\u00fd byl nemo\u017en\u00fd nebo pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd. Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 naj\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd racion\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d by m\u011bla b\u00fdt ochrana aplikovan\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed podle Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o designu pova\u017eov\u00e1na za d\u016fvod k p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu hodnocen\u00ed jeho uzn\u00e1n\u00ed jako autorsk\u00e9ho d\u00edla.<\/p>\n<cite>Tamt\u00e9\u017e<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud tedy uznal mo\u017enost soub\u011b\u017en\u00e9 aplikace obou z\u00e1kon\u016f na ur\u010dit\u00fd rozsah objekt\u016f. Pokud se v aplikovan\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed projevuje n\u011bjak\u00e1 individualita tv\u016frce, je to pova\u017eov\u00e1no za kreativn\u00ed a soud p\u0159ijal postoj, kter\u00fd uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na aplikovan\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm rozsahu ne\u017e d\u0159\u00edve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud pot\u00e9 posoudil, zda TRIPP TRAPP spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky na autorsk\u00e9 d\u00edlo. Uvedl, \u017ee tvarov\u00e9 charakteristiky, jako je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o dvojici nohou &#8220;d\u00edl A&#8221; na d\u011btsk\u00e9 \u017eidli\u010dce s \u010dty\u0159mi nohami, \u017ee \u00fahel mezi t\u00edmto d\u00edlem a &#8220;d\u00edlem B&#8221; je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 66 stup\u0148\u016f, co\u017e je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u podobn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, a \u017ee d\u00edl A je spojen pouze s p\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161ikmou plochou d\u00edlu B a je p\u0159\u00edmo v kontaktu s podlahou, nelze pova\u017eovat za nevyhnuteln\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky omezen\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s funkc\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00e9 \u017eidli\u010dky. Soud uznal, \u017ee se zde projevuje individualita tv\u016frce a \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o kreativn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, a proto uznal, \u017ee TRIPP TRAPP je &#8220;um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo&#8221; podle Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee soud nakonec rozhodl, \u017ee produkty obou spole\u010dnost\u00ed nejsou podobn\u00e9 a proto nebylo uzn\u00e1no poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/intellectual-property-infringement-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/intellectual-property-infringement-risk[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hranice mezi aplikovan\u00fdm um\u011bn\u00edm a um\u011bleck\u00fdmi \u0159emesly jsou nejasn\u00e9 a muzea, jako je Muzeum modern\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed v New Yorku, kter\u00e1 vystavuj\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. Rozsah tvorby um\u011blc\u016f se tak\u00e9 postupn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je nesmysln\u00e9 pop\u00edrat, \u017ee n\u011bco je um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo, pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, \u017ee bylo vytvo\u0159eno s c\u00edlem masov\u00e9 produkce a prodeje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/idea-copyright-admit-case-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/idea-copyright-admit-case-law[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee si lze snadno p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee um\u011bn\u00ed je p\u0159edm\u011btem ochrany autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i kdy\u017e \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me &#8220;um\u011bn\u00ed&#8221; jedn\u00edm slovem, jeho rozsah je \u0161irok\u00fd a formy jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9. Slovo &#8220;um\u011b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63832,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,28],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61027"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61027"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61027\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63833,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61027\/revisions\/63833"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63832"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}