{"id":61075,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61075"},"modified":"2024-03-28T14:37:22","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T05:37:22","slug":"defamation-counterclaim-flow","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow","title":{"rendered":"Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bhu soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o pomluv\u011b a proti\u017ealoby"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2020 (rok 2020 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) byl univerzitn\u00ed profesor, kter\u00fd byl obvin\u011bn ze zneuct\u011bn\u00ed cti ze strany \u010dlena horn\u00ed komory Liber\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany kv\u016fli obsahu, kter\u00fd zve\u0159ejnil na Twitteru, podal proti\u017ealobu u Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu, po\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1,5 milionu jen\u016f, tvrd\u00edc, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o \u0161ikanovac\u00ed SLAPP \u017ealobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 proti\u017ealoba, kdy\u017e je \u017ealovan\u00fd v ur\u010dit\u00e9m soudn\u00edm sporu (hlavn\u00ed \u017ealoba) pod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017ealobu proti \u017ealobci v r\u00e1mci soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed u stejn\u00e9ho soudu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak jsou proti\u017ealoby, kter\u00e9 se mohou objevit i v soudn\u00edch sporech o zneuct\u011bn\u00ed cti, zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Co_jsou_hlavni_a_protizaloby\" title=\"Co jsou hlavn\u00ed a proti\u017ealoby\">Co jsou hlavn\u00ed a proti\u017ealoby<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Urazeni_na_cti_%E2%80%93_zadost_o_disciplinarni_trest_a_protizaloba\" title=\"Ura\u017een\u00ed na cti &#8211; \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest a proti\u017ealoba\">Ura\u017een\u00ed na cti &#8211; \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest a proti\u017ealoba<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Vyvoj_soudniho_rizeni\" title=\"V\u00fdvoj soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed\">V\u00fdvoj soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_hlavni_zalobe\" title=\"Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o hlavn\u00ed \u017ealob\u011b\">Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o hlavn\u00ed \u017ealob\u011b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_protizalobe\" title=\"Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o proti\u017ealob\u011b\">Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o proti\u017ealob\u011b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Urazeni_na_cti_a_protizaloba\" title=\"Ura\u017een\u00ed na cti a proti\u017ealoba\">Ura\u017een\u00ed na cti a proti\u017ealoba<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Vyvoj_soudniho_rizeni-2\" title=\"V\u00fdvoj soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed\">V\u00fdvoj soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_hlavni_zalobe-2\" title=\"Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o hlavn\u00ed \u017ealob\u011b\">Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o hlavn\u00ed \u017ealob\u011b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_protizalobe-2\" title=\"Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o proti\u017ealob\u011b\">Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o proti\u017ealob\u011b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-counterclaim-flow\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_jsou_hlavni_a_protizaloby\"><\/span>Co jsou hlavn\u00ed a proti\u017ealoby<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Osoba, kter\u00e1 se stala \u017ealovanou v soudn\u00edm sporu, m\u016f\u017ee podat proti\u017ealobu u soudu, kter\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed \u017ealobou, a to a\u017e do ukon\u010den\u00ed \u00fastn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, ale pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je c\u00edlem \u017ealoby nebo obrann\u00e9 metody spojen\u00e9 s hlavn\u00ed \u017ealobou (Japonsk\u00fd ob\u010dansk\u00fd soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d, \u010dl\u00e1nek 146, odstavec 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy je c\u00edlem \u017ealoba spojen\u00e1 s hlavn\u00ed \u017ealobou&#8221;, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad situace, kdy v ur\u010dit\u00e9 dopravn\u00ed nehod\u011b \u017ealobce po\u017eaduje od \u017ealovan\u00e9ho n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody a naopak \u017ealovan\u00fd po\u017eaduje n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody od \u017ealobce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako p\u0159\u00edklad &#8220;p\u0159\u00edpadu, kdy je c\u00edlem \u017ealoba spojen\u00e1 s obrannou metodou&#8221;, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt situace, kdy \u017ealobce po\u017eaduje od \u017ealovan\u00e9ho zaplacen\u00ed pen\u011bz a \u017ealovan\u00fd tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na zapo\u010dten\u00ed a po\u017eaduje zaplacen\u00ed zbytku po zapo\u010dten\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proti\u017ealobu lze vid\u011bt i v soudn\u00edch sporech o poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na cti. Jak bylo uvedeno na za\u010d\u00e1tku, m\u011bli byste zv\u00e1\u017eit pod\u00e1n\u00ed proti\u017ealoby, pokud si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee \u017ealoba je neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1, a pokud se jedn\u00e1 o v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fd spor, nemus\u00edte nechat \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, aby byl jednostrann\u011b st\u00edh\u00e1n za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee pod\u00e1n\u00ed proti\u017ealoby je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st &#8220;do ukon\u010den\u00ed \u00fastn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;, tedy do ukon\u010den\u00ed f\u00e1ze zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u00ed v odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (obvykle p\u0159ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm soudem), a d\u00e1le, \u017ee &#8220;pokud by to zna\u010dn\u011b zpozdilo soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed&#8221;, pod\u00e1n\u00ed proti\u017ealoby nen\u00ed povoleno (Japonsk\u00fd ob\u010dansk\u00fd soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d, \u010dl\u00e1nek 146, odstavec 1, bod 2). V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bude proti\u017ealoba zam\u00edtnuta jako nez\u00e1konn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urazeni_na_cti_%E2%80%93_zadost_o_disciplinarni_trest_a_protizaloba\"><\/span>Ura\u017een\u00ed na cti &#8211; \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest a proti\u017ealoba<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy pr\u00e1vn\u00edk podal proti\u017ealobu proti \u017ealobci, kter\u00fd po\u017eadoval disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti zp\u016fsobenou \u010dl\u00e1nkem (Rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 16. \u0159\u00edjna 2018 (2018)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyvoj_soudniho_rizeni\"><\/span>V\u00fdvoj soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce je spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u00e1vrhem, realizac\u00ed, prodejem a provozem do\u010dasn\u00fdch ubytoven. \u017dalovan\u00fd je pr\u00e1vn\u00edk, kter\u00fd provozuje blog pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e, ke kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalovan\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk napsal na sv\u00e9m blogu, \u017ee spole\u010dnost \u017ealobce, kter\u00e1 sh\u00e1n\u00ed investice pro ubytovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro pracovn\u00edky zapojen\u00e9 do obnovy po Velk\u00e9m v\u00fdchodojaponsk\u00e9m zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee &#8220;v dob\u011b, kdy se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 dekontaminace, je nedostatek ubytoven pro zam\u011bstnance a pokud postav\u00edte 320 pokoj\u016f, dostanete 28,8 milion\u016f jen\u016f m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b. Stavba stoj\u00ed 600 milion\u016f jen\u016f, ale za 40 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f to bude 1,3 miliardy jen\u016f, tak\u017ee se to rychle vr\u00e1t\u00ed.&#8221; \u017dalobce pak podal \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest k pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 komo\u0159e, ke kter\u00e9 tento pr\u00e1vn\u00edk pat\u0159\u00ed, a sou\u010dasn\u011b podal \u017ealobu, tvrd\u00edc, \u017ee t\u00edmto byla sn\u00ed\u017eena jeho spole\u010densk\u00e1 hodnota a byl naru\u0161en jeho podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na to \u017ealovan\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk odpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee \u017ealobce je podvodn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a \u017ee nab\u00eddka investic \u017ealobce je podvodn\u00fd \u010din, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 za c\u00edl okr\u00e1st lidi o pen\u00edze. P\u0159esto\u017ee \u017ealobce toto dob\u0159e v\u011bd\u011bl, podal \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest a dal\u0161\u00ed kroky, tvrd\u00edc, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na blogu, kter\u00fd toto pouk\u00e1zal, je nez\u00e1konn\u00fd. Tento \u010din \u017ealobce byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nez\u00e1konn\u00fd a byla pod\u00e1na proti\u017ealoba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/defamation-counterclaim-flow2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19445\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_hlavni_zalobe\"><\/span>Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o hlavn\u00ed \u017ealob\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud nejprve uznal, \u017ee \u010dl\u00e1nek \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u017ealobce nab\u00edz\u00ed fiktivn\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ubytoven pro pracovn\u00edky zapojen\u00e9 do dekontaminace v d\u016fsledku hav\u00e1rie v jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b Fuku\u0161ima I, a \u017ee tato investi\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost je podvod, po\u0161kozuje d\u016fv\u011bru a reputaci \u017ealobce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, \u00fa\u010delem publikace tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku bylo pou\u010dit \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vid\u00ed, aby se nestali ob\u011b\u0165mi podvodu, jak je uvedeno v \u010dl\u00e1nku. Proto bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee \u00fa\u010delem \u017ealovan\u00e9ho p\u0159i publikaci tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku bylo v\u00fdhradn\u011b prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu a \u017ee uveden\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pot\u00e9 soud zv\u00e1\u017eil, zda jsou skute\u010dnosti uveden\u00e9 v \u010dl\u00e1nku pravdiv\u00e9, nebo zda \u017ealovan\u00fd m\u011bl opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd d\u016fvod v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee jsou pravdiv\u00e9. Bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee podnik\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se investi\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, kterou \u017ealobce nab\u00edzel, bylo zalo\u017eeno na fiktivn\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouv\u011b a \u017ee nebylo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vratnosti investic. \u017dalobce toto v\u011bd\u011bl, ale p\u0159esto nab\u00edzel investice do podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, tvrd\u00edc, \u017ee investovan\u00e9 pen\u00edze se rychle vr\u00e1t\u00ed a \u017ee lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat zisk. Bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee toto je podvodn\u00fd \u010din. Proto bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 t\u00edmto \u010dl\u00e1nkem nen\u00ed nez\u00e1konn\u00e1 a \u017ee nebyl sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nez\u00e1konn\u00fd \u010din. \u017daloba \u017ealobce byla zam\u00edtnuta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_protizalobe\"><\/span>Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o proti\u017ealob\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud nejprve uznal, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest podan\u00e1 pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 komo\u0159e, ke kter\u00e9 \u017ealovan\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed, nem\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad. Bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee \u017ealobce dob\u0159e v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee je subjektem podvodu, a proto bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee \u017ealobce podal \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest, p\u0159esto\u017ee v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dost nem\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad. Bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee takov\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest je nez\u00e1konn\u00e1, proto\u017ee je v rozporu s \u00fa\u010delem a c\u00edlem syst\u00e9mu disciplin\u00e1rn\u00edch trest\u016f pro pr\u00e1vn\u00edky. Bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee \u017ealobce sp\u00e1chal nez\u00e1konn\u00fd \u010din proti \u017ealovan\u00e9mu t\u00edm, \u017ee podal \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de \u017ealoby, bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee \u017ealobce podal \u017ealobu, p\u0159esto\u017ee v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 tvrd\u00ed v hlavn\u00ed \u017ealob\u011b, nemaj\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad. Proto bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee pod\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealoby je v\u00fdrazn\u011b nespravedliv\u00e9 vzhledem k \u00fa\u010delu a c\u00edl\u016fm soudn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a je nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 z hlediska nez\u00e1konn\u00e9ho \u010dinu. Soud na\u0159\u00eddil \u017ealobci zaplatit 1 milion jen\u016f jako n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za \u017e\u00e1dost o disciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed trest a \u017ealobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u010dkoli \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k situac\u00edm, kdy je hlavn\u00ed \u017ealoba uzn\u00e1na a proti\u017ealoba zam\u00edtnuta, existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy je hlavn\u00ed \u017ealoba zam\u00edtnuta a proti\u017ealoba uzn\u00e1na, jako je tento p\u0159\u00edpad. Pokud jste obvin\u011bni z neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 \u017ealoby, je mo\u017en\u00e9 nejen se br\u00e1nit v dan\u00e9m soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 podat proti\u017ealobu a po\u017eadovat odpov\u011bdnost druh\u00e9 strany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/defamation-counterclaim-flow3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19456\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urazeni_na_cti_a_protizaloba\"><\/span>Ura\u017een\u00ed na cti a proti\u017ealoba<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy \u017ealobce, kter\u00fd provozuje webovou str\u00e1nku o akv\u00e1ri\u00edch (za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro chov mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f) na internetu, podal \u017ealobu proti \u017ealovan\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd provozuje podobnou str\u00e1nku, tvrd\u00edc, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00fd zve\u0159ejnil \u010dl\u00e1nek na 2chan, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje jeho \u010dest a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost. Na toto \u017ealovan\u00fd podal proti\u017ealobu, tvrd\u00edc, \u017ee \u017ealobce zve\u0159ejnil \u010dl\u00e1nek na sv\u00e9 webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce, kter\u00fd poru\u0161uje jeho \u010dest a soukrom\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh tohoto sporu atd. (Rozsudek Okresn\u00edho soudu v Kanazaw\u011b ze dne 20. b\u0159ezna 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/defamation-counterclaim-flow4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19527\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyvoj_soudniho_rizeni-2\"><\/span>V\u00fdvoj soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce tvrdil, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00fd pou\u017eil extr\u00e9mn\u00ed a vulg\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdrazy jako &#8220;krab + jepice + n\u00e1dr\u017e pln\u00e1 \u0159as na FB&#8221;, &#8220;rez z vlastn\u00edho t\u011bla. Takto to dopadne, kdy\u017e se povy\u0161uje\u0161 a kritizuje\u0161 ostatn\u00ed&#8221;, &#8220;hlup\u00e1k&#8221;, &#8220;seniln\u00ed&#8221;, &#8220;neschopn\u00fd jako \u010dlov\u011bk&#8221;, &#8220;pohrd\u00e1 lidmi&#8221; atd., aby p\u0159im\u011bl \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e vn\u00edmat \u017ealobce jako n\u011bkoho s n\u00edzk\u00fdm mor\u00e1ln\u00edm c\u00edt\u011bn\u00edm, kter\u00fd se chov\u00e1 nevhodn\u011b nebo nespravedliv\u011b v oblasti informa\u010dn\u00edho toku, a v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil jeho soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na to \u017ealovan\u00fd odpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee \u00fa\u010del zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spravedlnosti soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nikoli v tom, aby ve\u0159ejnost byla informov\u00e1na o obsahu dan\u00e9ho sporu. A proto\u017ee skute\u010dn\u00fd obsah jednotliv\u00fdch soudn\u00edch spor\u016f nen\u00ed \u0161iroce zn\u00e1m\u00fd ve\u0159ejnosti, \u010diny, kter\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u011b a podrobn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed jm\u00e9na a obsah stran v soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na ochranu cti nebo soukrom\u00ed. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho po\u017eadoval n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody a podal proti\u017ealobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_hlavni_zalobe-2\"><\/span>Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o hlavn\u00ed \u017ealob\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>S ohledem na hlavn\u00ed \u017ealobu soud rozhodl, \u017ee \u017ealobce, kter\u00fd neposkytl okam\u017eitou odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zky, zda neexistuje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9m s t\u00edm, \u017ee na LED sv\u011btlech, kter\u00e9 prod\u00e1v\u00e1, nen\u00ed zobrazena zna\u010dka PSE, a dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 jsou nev\u00fdhodn\u00e9 pro jeho obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost, zat\u00edmco ozna\u010dil \u017ealovan\u00e9ho za &#8220;trolla&#8221;, kter\u00fd naru\u0161uje jeho obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost, a uznal, \u017ee jeho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky sni\u017euj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce. S ohledem na v\u00fdrazy jako &#8220;hlup\u00e1k&#8221; a &#8220;neschopn\u00fd jako \u010dlov\u011bk&#8221;, kter\u00e9 jsou osobn\u00ed \u00fatoky, soud nemohl uznat, \u017ee byly vyd\u00e1ny v\u00fdhradn\u011b za \u00fa\u010delem prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu, a uznal ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti. Soud na\u0159\u00eddil \u017ealovan\u00e9mu zaplatit 700 000 jen\u016f na n\u00e1hrad\u011b nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajmy, 367 200 jen\u016f na n\u00e1kladech a 70 000 jen\u016f na advok\u00e1tn\u00edch n\u00e1kladech, celkem 1 137 200 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozhodnuti_soudu_o_protizalobe-2\"><\/span>Rozhodnut\u00ed soudu o proti\u017ealob\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de proti\u017ealoby, soud rozhodl, \u017ee \u017ealobce na sv\u00e9m diskusn\u00edm f\u00f3ru identifikoval \u017ealovan\u00e9ho jako &#8220;pachatele&#8221;, kter\u00fd &#8220;ur\u00e1\u017eel&#8221; \u017ealobce a jeho webovou str\u00e1nku, a napsal \u010dl\u00e1nky, jako je &#8220;podal jsem \u017ealobu na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti, po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti a pomluvu v obchod\u011b&#8221;, &#8220;jsem obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n (trollov\u00e1n\u00edm)&#8221;, &#8220;opakovan\u011b napsal l\u017eiv\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed s velmi siln\u00fdm zlem&#8221;, &#8220;opakovan\u011b napsal l\u017eiv\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed s velmi siln\u00fdm zlem&#8221;, &#8220;p\u0159edstavivost \u017ealovan\u00e9ho a jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou p\u0159ehnan\u00e9&#8221; atd. Soud uznal, \u017ee pokud by b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk \u010detl tyto \u010dl\u00e1nky s b\u011b\u017enou pozornost\u00ed, mohl by z\u00edskat dojem, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00fd opakovan\u011b sp\u00e1chal protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u010diny, kter\u00e9 poru\u0161uj\u00ed \u010dest, d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost nebo obchodn\u00ed pomluvu \u017ealobce, a \u017ee tyto v\u00fdroky sni\u017euj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, a uznal, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti \u017ealovan\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, soud uznal, \u017ee je pravda, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00fd napsal na sv\u00e9m FB &#8220;m\u00e1 tendenci m\u00edt bludy&#8221;, &#8220;je pln\u00fd l\u017e\u00ed&#8221; atd., a v\u00fdrazy jako &#8220;l\u017eiv\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed s velmi siln\u00fdm zlem&#8221;, &#8220;nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00e1 dvoj\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159&#8221;, &#8220;p\u0159edstavivost a chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealovan\u00e9ho jsou p\u0159ehnan\u00e9&#8221; atd., pokud jsou srovn\u00e1ny s obsahem p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, jako je &#8220;m\u00e1 tendenci m\u00edt bludy&#8221;, &#8220;je pln\u00fd l\u017e\u00ed&#8221; atd., nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o jednostrann\u00fd osobn\u00ed \u00fatok, a soud uznal, \u017ee projev n\u00e1zoru nebo kritiky \u017ealobce na jeho webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce, i kdyby byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti, nen\u00ed nez\u00e1konn\u00fd, ani \u00famysln\u00fd nebo nedbal\u00fd. Soud rozhodl, \u017ee neexistuje d\u016fvod pro \u010d\u00e1st proti\u017ealoby, kter\u00e1 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, \u010dl\u00e1nky na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce \u017ealobce zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed jm\u00e9no, p\u0159ezd\u00edvku, n\u00e1zev prefektury a m\u011bsta nebo obce, ve kter\u00fdch \u017ealovan\u00fd bydl\u00ed, na internetu jako stranu v soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o n\u00e1hrad\u011b \u0161kody za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti atd. Jedn\u00e1 se o obsah, kter\u00fd b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk nechce zve\u0159ejnit bezd\u016fvodn\u011b, a i kdyby \u017ealovan\u00fd zve\u0159ejnil sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, p\u0159ezd\u00edvku a adresu na internetu z obchodn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f, je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee nechce, aby byly tyto informace spojeny s \u017ealobou o n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti atd., a nem\u016f\u017ee se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee by se vzdal sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu na tom, aby nebyl bezd\u016fvodn\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bn. Soud uznal poru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed a na\u0159\u00eddil \u017ealobci zaplatit 200 000 jen\u016f na n\u00e1hrad\u011b nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajmy a 20 000 jen\u016f na advok\u00e1tn\u00edch n\u00e1kladech, celkem 220 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy jsou uzn\u00e1ny jak hlavn\u00ed \u017ealoba, tak proti\u017ealoba, a v takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k situaci, kdy je uzn\u00e1na pouze \u010d\u00e1st hlavn\u00ed \u017ealoby, zat\u00edmco proti\u017ealoba je uzn\u00e1na v pln\u00e9m rozsahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/cases-not-recognized-as-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/cases-not-recognized-as-defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud byla pod\u00e1na \u017ealoba a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se dostate\u010dn\u011b rozvinulo, pak pokud \u017ealovan\u00fd pod\u00e1 proti\u017ealobu, m\u016f\u017ee se zd\u00e1t, \u017ee tato proti\u017ealoba je zoufal\u00fdm pokusem. Na druhou stranu, pokud \u017ealovan\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di \u017ealobci opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd n\u00e1rok, je \u010dasto vhodn\u00e9 podat proti\u017ealobu v ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi hlavn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud jste byli \u017ealov\u00e1ni, je vhodn\u00e9 se co nejd\u0159\u00edve poradit s zku\u0161en\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem, zda byste m\u011bli podat proti\u017ealobu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2020 (rok 2020 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) byl univerzitn\u00ed profesor, kter\u00fd byl obvin\u011bn ze zneuct\u011bn\u00ed cti ze strany \u010dlena horn\u00ed komory Liber\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany kv\u016fli obsahu, kter\u00fd zve\u0159ej [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63704,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61075"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61075"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61075\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63705,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61075\/revisions\/63705"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61075"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}