{"id":61081,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61081"},"modified":"2024-03-27T18:18:06","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T09:18:06","slug":"it-software-copyright","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright","title":{"rendered":"Diskusn\u00ed body v autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se IT syst\u00e9m\u016f (nap\u0159\u00edklad software)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Mezi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji IT syst\u00e9m\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b softwaru), dominuj\u00ed ty, kter\u00e9 souvis\u00ed s &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00edm&#8221; projektu. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1 hlavn\u00edm bodem sporu ot\u00e1zka, co by m\u011bli ob\u011b strany d\u011blat pro hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh projektu, nap\u0159\u00edklad &#8220;povinnost \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed projektu&#8221; nebo &#8220;povinnost spolupr\u00e1ce u\u017eivatele&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ale nesm\u00edme zapomenout ani na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s du\u0161evn\u00edm vlastnictv\u00edm, jako je autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btl\u00edme probl\u00e9my s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed a komponent IT syst\u00e9m\u016f v projektech v\u00fdvoje IT syst\u00e9m\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se pokus\u00edme cel\u00e9 toto pole p\u0159ehledn\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1dat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Jak_souvisi_IT_systemy_jako_software_s_autorskymi_pravy\" title=\"Jak souvis\u00ed IT syst\u00e9my jako software s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy\">Jak souvis\u00ed IT syst\u00e9my jako software s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Co_je_autorske_pravo\" title=\"Co je autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo\">Co je autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Co_to_znamena_kdyz_prava_se_vztahuji_na_dila\" title=\"Co to znamen\u00e1, kdy\u017e pr\u00e1va se vztahuj\u00ed na d\u00edla\">Co to znamen\u00e1, kdy\u017e pr\u00e1va se vztahuj\u00ed na d\u00edla<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Struktura_IT_systemu_jako_dila\" title=\"Struktura IT syst\u00e9mu jako d\u00edla\">Struktura IT syst\u00e9mu jako d\u00edla<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Pravni_otazky_tykajici_se_autorskych_prav_v_oblasti_IT_systemu\" title=\"Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v oblasti IT syst\u00e9m\u016f\">Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v oblasti IT syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Problemy_tykajici_se_celeho_IT_systemu\" title=\"Probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se cel\u00e9ho IT syst\u00e9mu\">Probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se cel\u00e9ho IT syst\u00e9mu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Spory_o_existenci_prav\" title=\"Spory o existenci pr\u00e1v\">Spory o existenci pr\u00e1v<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Spory_o_poruseni_autorskych_prav\" title=\"Spory o poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v\">Spory o poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Ochrana_autorskych_prav_pro_obrazovky_a_uzivatelske_rozhrani\" title=\"Ochrana autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v pro obrazovky a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed\">Ochrana autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v pro obrazovky a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Ochrana_autorskych_prav_programu\" title=\"Ochrana autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v programu\">Ochrana autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v programu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Ochrana_databazi_autorskymi_pravy\" title=\"Ochrana datab\u00e1z\u00ed autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy\">Ochrana datab\u00e1z\u00ed autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/it-software-copyright\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jak_souvisi_IT_systemy_jako_software_s_autorskymi_pravy\"><\/span>Jak souvis\u00ed IT syst\u00e9my jako software s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_autorske_pravo\"><\/span>Co je autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00da\u010delem zaveden\u00ed autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va je vysv\u011btleno v ustanoven\u00ed o \u00fa\u010delu \u010dl\u00e1nku 1 autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona (klauzule vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010del tohoto z\u00e1kona).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento z\u00e1kon stanovuje pr\u00e1va autora a p\u0159ilehl\u00e1 pr\u00e1va v souvislosti s d\u00edly, v\u00fdkony, nahr\u00e1vkami, vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00edm a kabelov\u00fdm vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00edm, s c\u00edlem chr\u00e1nit pr\u00e1va autora a p\u0159isp\u011bt k rozvoji kultury, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se zohled\u0148uje spravedliv\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto kulturn\u00edch produkt\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 1, tento z\u00e1kon uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e1 pr\u00e1va autor\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed vytvo\u0159ili d\u00edla, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 chr\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va autor\u016f a usiluje o &#8220;rozvoj kultury&#8221; pro celou spole\u010dnost. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, jeho c\u00edlem je udr\u017eet spr\u00e1vnou rovnov\u00e1hu mezi ochranou pr\u00e1v jednotliv\u00fdch autor\u016f a podporou vyu\u017eit\u00ed d\u011bl ve spole\u010dnosti jako celku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de objekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou uzn\u00e1ny jako autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, jsou uvedeny v \u010dl\u00e1nku 10 autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. Jak je z\u0159ejm\u00e9 z explicitn\u00edho uveden\u00ed &#8220;d\u00edla programu&#8221; v polo\u017ece 9, autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b uzn\u00e1na i p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji IT syst\u00e9m\u016f, jako je software. Proto mohou vzniknout pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy i p\u0159i podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je v\u00fdvoj IT syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 10, odstavec 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklady d\u011bl podle tohoto z\u00e1kona jsou obecn\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 1. D\u00edla jazyka, jako jsou rom\u00e1ny, sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, eseje, p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky a dal\u0161\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 2. Hudebn\u00ed d\u00edla<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 3. D\u00edla tance nebo pantomimy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 4. D\u00edla v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed, jako jsou malby, grafiky, sochy a dal\u0161\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 5. Architektonick\u00e1 d\u00edla<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 6. Mapy nebo v\u011bdeck\u00e9 kresby, diagramy, modely a dal\u0161\u00ed grafick\u00e1 d\u00edla<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 7. Filmov\u00e1 d\u00edla<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 8. Fotografick\u00e1 d\u00edla<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> 9. D\u00edla program\u016f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_to_znamena_kdyz_prava_se_vztahuji_na_dila\"><\/span>Co to znamen\u00e1, kdy\u017e pr\u00e1va se vztahuj\u00ed na d\u00edla<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00fd je tedy efekt, kdy\u017e jsou uzn\u00e1na autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va? Pokud m\u00e1te autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, m\u016f\u017eete prov\u00e1d\u011bt kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u010dl\u00e1nek 21 tohoto z\u00e1kona), ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed (distribuci p\u0159es internet) (\u010dl\u00e1nek 23, odstavec 1), p\u0159evod (\u010dl\u00e1nek 27) atd. Naopak, pokud n\u011bkdo, kdo nem\u00e1 autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, provede v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt po\u017eadov\u00e1no zastaven\u00ed (\u010dl\u00e1nek 112 tohoto z\u00e1kona) nebo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt st\u00edh\u00e1n za ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed delikt (\u010dl\u00e1nek 709 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1no, \u017ee autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159evedena nebo p\u0159evedena, stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e1 v\u011bcn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va nebo pohled\u00e1vky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Existuj\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se existence pr\u00e1v a skute\u010dnosti jejich p\u0159evodu v autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Existuj\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se toho, zda poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v proti dr\u017eiteli pr\u00e1v (poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v) je relevantn\u00ed v autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba pochopit tyto dva body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Struktura_IT_systemu_jako_dila\"><\/span>Struktura IT syst\u00e9mu jako d\u00edla<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mimochodem, nejen obsah autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, ale tak\u00e9 organizace IT syst\u00e9mu a jeho v\u00fdvojov\u00fd proces jsou u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pro pochopen\u00ed tohoto oboru. IT syst\u00e9m je soubor po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch jazyk\u016f, jako je programovac\u00ed jazyk, a software je tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed IT syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud rozd\u011bl\u00edme IT syst\u00e9m na jeho slo\u017eky, m\u016f\u017eeme ho pova\u017eovat za rozd\u011blen\u00fd na t\u0159i prvky: &#8220;obrazovka&#8221;, &#8220;program&#8221; a &#8220;datab\u00e1ze&#8221;. Ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v IT syst\u00e9mu se rozv\u00edjej\u00ed v souvislosti s ka\u017ed\u00fdm z t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed prvk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pravni_otazky_tykajici_se_autorskych_prav_v_oblasti_IT_systemu\"><\/span>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v oblasti IT syst\u00e9m\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/613-1024x615.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10072\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>S t\u00edmto p\u0159edpokladem se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na celkov\u00fd obr\u00e1zek probl\u00e9m\u016f autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se IT syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Problemy_tykajici_se_celeho_IT_systemu\"><\/span>Probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se cel\u00e9ho IT syst\u00e9mu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Spory_o_existenci_prav\"><\/span>Spory o existenci pr\u00e1v<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed typ sporu se t\u00fdk\u00e1 &#8220;existence&#8221; pr\u00e1v. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, jde o probl\u00e9my, kdy se diskutuje, zda autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va v\u016fbec existuj\u00ed, nebo zda do\u0161lo k p\u0159evodu autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Podrobn\u011bji jsme toto t\u00e9ma rozebrali v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-for-the-program-source-code\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-for-the-program-source-code[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btlujeme, kdo je p\u016fvodn\u00edm dr\u017eitelem autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v (v pr\u00e1vn\u00ed terminologii se tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 &#8220;p\u016fvodn\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;) a jak by m\u011blo b\u00fdt rozhodnuto o p\u0159evodu autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Spory_o_poruseni_autorskych_prav\"><\/span>Spory o poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 spory t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, co m\u016f\u017eete d\u011blat, pokud m\u00e1te autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, nebo co nesm\u00edte d\u011blat, pokud autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va nem\u00e1te. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, zda jsou dv\u011b podobn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce &#8220;jen inspirovan\u00e9&#8221; nebo &#8220;plagi\u00e1ty&#8221;. Toto t\u00e9ma jsme podrobn\u011bji rozebrali v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-infringement-relatedtothe-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-infringement-relatedtothe-program[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btlujeme, jak soudy rozhoduj\u00ed o poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na p\u0159\u00edkladu zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du programu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy se rozv\u00edjej\u00ed ve t\u0159ech vrstv\u00e1ch: &#8220;obrazovka&#8221;, &#8220;program&#8221; a &#8220;datab\u00e1ze&#8221;. Porozum\u011bn\u00edm charakteristik\u00e1m ka\u017ed\u00e9 z t\u011bchto vrstev podle autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va m\u016f\u017eete z\u00edskat celkov\u00fd p\u0159ehled o tomto oboru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ochrana_autorskych_prav_pro_obrazovky_a_uzivatelske_rozhrani\"><\/span>Ochrana autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v pro obrazovky a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na i pro rozvr\u017een\u00ed obrazovky a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed (UI). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, ne tak \u010dasto se uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v vzhledu IT syst\u00e9m\u016f. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee vzhled a rozvr\u017een\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro ur\u010ditou funk\u010dnost a ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, se nevyhnuteln\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00ed podobn\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1n za to, \u017ee &#8220;ukradl d\u00edlo jin\u00e9 osoby&#8221; vzhledem k vzhledu IT syst\u00e9mu, a v\u011bt\u0161inou se dosp\u011bje k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee &#8220;b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy byly p\u0159ijaty individu\u00e1ln\u011b&#8221;. Pokud nen\u00ed podobnost na \u00farovni naprost\u00e9ho napodoben\u00ed, je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by soud uznal poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ochrana_autorskych_prav_programu\"><\/span>Ochrana autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v programu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na i pro zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d vytvo\u0159en\u00fd v r\u00e1mci smlouvy o zad\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje softwaru. Podle judikatury autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 software vyvinula, a pro p\u0159evod autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v je nutn\u00e1 samostatn\u00e1 dohoda v p\u00edsemn\u00e9 form\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na tento zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d p\u016fvodn\u011b n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed \u017ealovan\u00e9mu (pozn\u00e1mka cit\u00e1tora: spole\u010dnost vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed software).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, (vynech\u00e1no)&#8230; mezi \u017ealobcem (pozn\u00e1mka cit\u00e1tora: spole\u010dnost zad\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdvoj softwaru) a \u017ealovan\u00fdm neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd dokument, kter\u00fd by stanovil p\u0159evod autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na tento software nebo zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(vynech\u00e1no)&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho nelze p\u0159ipustit, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00fd souhlasil s p\u0159evodem autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na tento zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d na \u017ealobce nebo s jeho p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm, naopak, je spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u0159ipustit, \u017ee takov\u00e1 dohoda neexistovala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozsudek Okresn\u00edho soudu v \u00d3sace ze dne 12. \u010dervna 2014 (rok Heisei 26).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobn\u011bji vysv\u011btlujeme ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d programu v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-for-the-program-source-code\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-for-the-program-source-code[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy je sporn\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v programu, jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed body:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Kolik je shodn\u00fdch nebo podobn\u00fdch m\u00edst (mno\u017estv\u00ed)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zda je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee shodn\u00e9 nebo podobn\u00e9 m\u00edsta jsou kreativn\u00ed (kvalita)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Dokonce i kdy\u017e existuj\u00ed shodn\u00e9 nebo podobn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti, pokud se jedn\u00e1 o obecn\u00e9 funkce, u kter\u00fdch se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee neexistuj\u00ed jin\u00e9 kreativn\u00ed metody, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b to nebude pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobn\u011bji vysv\u011btlujeme ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na program v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-infringement-relatedtothe-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-infringement-relatedtothe-program[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ochrana_databazi_autorskymi_pravy\"><\/span>Ochrana datab\u00e1z\u00ed autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jsou tak\u00e9 uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na pro strukturu tabulek datab\u00e1z\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, prah pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b datab\u00e1z\u00ed je vysok\u00fd a nen\u00ed \u010dasto uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n. Aby byla struktura datab\u00e1ze pova\u017eov\u00e1na za &#8220;d\u00edlo&#8221;, je nutn\u00e1 jemn\u00e1 systematickost. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, pokud datab\u00e1ze nem\u00e1 ur\u010ditou velikost a nen\u00ed detailn\u011b navr\u017eena, bude pova\u017eov\u00e1na za &#8220;b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1&#8221;, a p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy je uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee &#8220;jeden odcizil druh\u00e9mu = poru\u0161il autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;, jsou vz\u00e1cn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee a\u010dkoli datab\u00e1z\u00edm jsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, &#8220;data&#8221; obsa\u017een\u00e1 v datab\u00e1zi nejsou chr\u00e1n\u011bna autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy. Data nejsou pova\u017eov\u00e1na za d\u00edla, ale za abstraktn\u00ed &#8220;informace&#8221;. Proto, bez ohledu na to, jak vz\u00e1cn\u00e1 a v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 data jsou, nejsou chr\u00e1n\u011bna autorsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud dojde ke kr\u00e1de\u017ei dat a vznikne \u0161koda, bude se zva\u017eovat, zda se jedn\u00e1 o nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v ob\u010dansk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu, nikoli o poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 je p\u0159ehled probl\u00e9m\u016f autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed celkov\u00fd obraz IT syst\u00e9m\u016f, jako je software. Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee uzn\u00e1n\u00ed existence autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a poru\u0161en\u00ed nez\u00e1vis\u00ed na um\u011bleck\u00e9 hodnot\u011b nebo dokon\u010den\u00ed jako v\u00fdsledku. Je t\u0159eba pochopit, \u017ee i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b chyb nebo omyl\u016f ve specifikac\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee rozhodovat o poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v m\u00edra podobnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee obt\u00ed\u017enost probl\u00e9m\u016f autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v pr\u00e1vn\u00ed oblasti spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee mus\u00edme diskutovat o existenci kreativity z jin\u00e9ho hlediska ne\u017e tv\u016frci nebo technici.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mezi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji IT syst\u00e9m\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b softwaru), dominuj\u00ed ty, kter\u00e9 souvis\u00ed s &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00edm&#8221; projektu. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1 hlavn\u00edm bodem sporu ot\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63573,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61081"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61081"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61081\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63574,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61081\/revisions\/63574"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63573"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61081"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}