{"id":61090,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61090"},"modified":"2024-03-27T16:55:48","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T07:55:48","slug":"character-maricar-compensation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation","title":{"rendered":"Prozat\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Mario Kart a poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Spole\u010dnost Nintendo, kter\u00e1 je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi obl\u00edben\u00fdmi hern\u00edmi postavami jako je &#8216;Mario&#8217;, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee vyu\u017eit\u00ed kost\u00fdm\u016f t\u011bchto postav a z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f z j\u00edzdy na kart\u00e1ch na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch silnic\u00edch pro reklamn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely spole\u010dnost\u00ed &#8216;Maricar&#8217; (nyn\u00ed MARI Mobility Development), kter\u00e1 tyto karty pronaj\u00edm\u00e1, p\u0159edstavuje nekalou sout\u011b\u017e. Nintendo proto podalo \u017ealobu, ve kter\u00e9 po\u017eaduje z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto prvk\u016f a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 50 milion\u016f jen\u016f. Mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek v odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed byl vynesen dne 30. kv\u011btna 2019 (rok 1 Reiwa) u Japonsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed (Japonsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed). Soud rozhodl, \u017ee &#8216;emblematy a kost\u00fdmy jsou velmi podobn\u00e9&#8217; a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f. Soud uznal, \u017ee spole\u010dnost MARI je odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a rovn\u011b\u017e rozhodl, \u017ee gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti je spoluodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, pokud bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee jednal zlomysln\u011b nebo z nedbalosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek byl vynesen pr\u00e1v\u011b toho dne a v\u00fd\u0161e od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed bude p\u0159edm\u011btem dal\u0161\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. R\u00e1di bychom se zamysleli nad t\u00edm, co tento mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek znamen\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Jaky_byl_vysledek_prvniho_rozhodnuti\" title=\"Jak\u00fd byl v\u00fdsledek prvn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed?\">Jak\u00fd byl v\u00fdsledek prvn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Co_je_to_mezitimni_rozsudek\" title=\" Co je to mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek \"> Co je to mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Body_otazek_u_predbezneho_rozhodnuti\" title=\"Body ot\u00e1zek u p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed\">Body ot\u00e1zek u p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Rozsah_zadosti_o_zakaz_a_zruseni_pouziti_znaku\" title=\"Rozsah \u017e\u00e1dosti o z\u00e1kaz a zru\u0161en\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed znaku\">Rozsah \u017e\u00e1dosti o z\u00e1kaz a zru\u0161en\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed znaku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Rozsah_zakazu_pouzivani_a_zruseni_registrace_domenovych_jmen\" title=\"Rozsah z\u00e1kazu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a zru\u0161en\u00ed registrace dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen\">Rozsah z\u00e1kazu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a zru\u0161en\u00ed registrace dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Pozadavek_na_nahradu_skody_vuci_generalnimu_rediteli_spolecnosti_MARI_Mobility_Development\" title=\"Po\u017eadavek na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v\u016f\u010di gener\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u0159editeli spole\u010dnosti MARI Mobility Development\">Po\u017eadavek na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v\u016f\u010di gener\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u0159editeli spole\u010dnosti MARI Mobility Development<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Budouci_vyhledy\" title=\" Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdhledy \"> Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdhledy <\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Castka_nahrady_skody\" title=\"\u010c\u00e1stka n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody\">\u010c\u00e1stka n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Dopad_predbezneho_rozhodnuti\" title=\"Dopad p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed\">Dopad p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jaky_byl_vysledek_prvniho_rozhodnuti\"><\/span>Jak\u00fd byl v\u00fdsledek prvn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>MARI Mobility Development pou\u017e\u00edvala bez povolen\u00ed zkratku &#8220;MariCar&#8221;, co\u017e je zkratka obl\u00edben\u00e9 hry Nintendo &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221;, ve sv\u00e9m n\u00e1zvu firmy a n\u00e1zvu slu\u017eby. Krom\u011b toho p\u016fj\u010dovala z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zahrani\u010dn\u00edm turist\u016fm, kost\u00fdmy obl\u00edben\u00fdch postav jako Mario, Luigi a Yoshi, a vyu\u017e\u00edvala z\u00e1b\u011bry z karet pro sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed a propaga\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na to reagovalo Nintendo t\u00edm, \u017ee podalo \u017ealobu na MARI Mobility Development za nekalou sout\u011b\u017e a poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud ve sv\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed ze dne 27. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2018 (Heisei 30) t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pln\u011b uznal argumenty Nintendo a na\u0159\u00eddil MARI Mobility Development zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 10 milion\u016f jen\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b v\u0161ak soud rozhodl, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1zv\u016f jako &#8220;MariCar&#8221; pro c\u00edlovou skupinu zahrani\u010dn\u00edch turist\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nerozum\u00ed japon\u0161tin\u011b, nep\u0159edstavuje nekalou sout\u011b\u017e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po tomto rozhodnut\u00ed ob\u011b strany, Nintendo i MARI Mobility Development, podaly odvol\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpad byl p\u0159ed\u00e1n k dal\u0161\u00edmu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ed Soudem pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_mezitimni_rozsudek\"><\/span> Co je to mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve\u0159ejnost nyn\u00ed sleduje, zda se p\u0159\u00edpad posune k fin\u00e1ln\u00edmu rozsudku nebo dojde k dohod\u011b. Ale co vlastn\u011b znamen\u00e1 &#8220;mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek&#8221;?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e se kon\u00e1 soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, rozsudek, kter\u00fdm se \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ukon\u010duje, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 &#8220;fin\u00e1ln\u00ed rozsudek&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 243 Japonsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du). Toto je obvykle to, co se mysl\u00ed pod pojmem &#8220;rozsudek&#8221;. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, &#8220;mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek&#8221; je rozsudek, kter\u00fd je vyd\u00e1n b\u011bhem \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o z\u00e1le\u017eitostech, kter\u00e9 jsou mezi stranami sporn\u00e9 (\u010dl\u00e1nek 245 Japonsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du). C\u00edlem mezit\u00edmn\u00edho rozsudku je p\u0159ipravit cestu k fin\u00e1ln\u00edmu rozsudku t\u00edm, \u017ee se uspo\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je na soudn\u00edm rozhodnut\u00ed, zda vyd\u00e1 mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek, ale p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy je vyd\u00e1n mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek, nejsou \u010dast\u00e9. V p\u0159\u00edpadech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed (patentov\u00e9 soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed) existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady, kdy byl vyd\u00e1n mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek, kdy\u017e patentov\u00fd soud p\u0159ehodnotil rozhodnut\u00ed okresn\u00edho soudu a uznal poru\u0161en\u00ed patentov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b &#8220;\u0159ezan\u00e9ho mochi&#8221; (mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek Patentov\u00e9ho soudu ze dne 7. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2011), \u017ealobce, kter\u00fd vlastnil patentov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na vyn\u00e1lez nazvan\u00fd &#8220;mochi&#8221;, tvrdil, \u017ee \u010dinnost \u017ealovan\u00e9ho spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed ve v\u00fdrob\u011b, prodeji a exportu v\u00fdrobku \u017ealovan\u00e9ho (\u0159ezan\u00e9 mochi) poru\u0161uje jeho patentov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. \u017dalobce po\u017eadoval, aby \u017ealovan\u00fd zastavil v\u00fdrobu, p\u0159evod atd. v\u00fdrobku \u017ealovan\u00e9ho a zni\u010dil v\u00fdrobek \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, a po\u017eadoval tak\u00e9 n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1,485 miliard jen\u016f. P\u016fvodn\u00ed rozsudek v\u0161ak v\u0161echny tyto po\u017eadavky zam\u00edtl. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy \u017ealobce podal odvol\u00e1n\u00ed, byl vyd\u00e1n mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek, kter\u00fd konstatoval, \u017ee v\u00fdrobek \u017ealovan\u00e9ho spl\u0148uje v\u0161echny po\u017eadavky vyn\u00e1lezu a pat\u0159\u00ed do technick\u00e9ho rozsahu vyn\u00e1lezu a \u017ee tento patent by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt zru\u0161en rozhodnut\u00edm o neplatnosti patentu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto mezit\u00edmn\u00edm rozsudku bylo uk\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee soud uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 argumenty Nintenda \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v p\u016fvodn\u00edm rozsudku Okresn\u00edho soudu v Tokiu. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, Patentov\u00fd soud uznal argumenty Nintenda i v t\u011bch \u010d\u00e1stech, s nimi\u017e Nintendo nesouhlasilo v rozsudku okresn\u00edho soudu, a tak se jeho rozhodnut\u00ed li\u0161\u00ed od rozsudku okresn\u00edho soudu. Tento p\u0159\u00edpad je ve spole\u010dnosti velmi sledov\u00e1n a je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee soud cht\u011bl vyjasnit sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm diskuse o v\u00fd\u0161i \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento p\u0159\u00edpad tak\u00e9 zahrnoval mnoho bod\u016f k diskusi a konflikty mezi stranami byly intenzivn\u00ed, tak\u017ee se zd\u00e1, \u017ee mezit\u00edmn\u00ed rozsudek m\u011bl velk\u00fd efekt na uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Body_otazek_u_predbezneho_rozhodnuti\"><\/span>Body ot\u00e1zek u p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed jsou ot\u00e1zky uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny do 15 bod\u016f. Z nich hlavn\u00ed body, s nimi\u017e spole\u010dnost Nintendo nesouhlasila v\u016f\u010di rozhodnut\u00ed prvn\u00ed instance, jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozsah_zadosti_o_zakaz_a_zruseni_pouziti_znaku\"><\/span>Rozsah \u017e\u00e1dosti o z\u00e1kaz a zru\u0161en\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed znaku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V rozhodnut\u00ed okresn\u00edho soudu bylo uvedeno, \u017ee ozna\u010den\u00ed &#8220;Maricar&#8221; nen\u00ed v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 nebo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 mezi lidmi, kte\u0159\u00ed nerozum\u00ed japon\u0161tin\u011b, a proto nebylo p\u0159izn\u00e1no z\u00e1kaz a zru\u0161en\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed znaku &#8220;MariCar&#8221; na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch a let\u00e1c\u00edch psan\u00fdch pouze v ciz\u00edm jazyce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161ak v tomto p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee ozna\u010den\u00ed &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221;, anglick\u00fd p\u0159eklad &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221;, je v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 jak v Japonsku, tak v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, a \u017ee \u010dinnosti spole\u010dnosti MARI Mobility Development, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed znaky podobn\u00e9 &#8220;MariCar&#8221;, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nekalou sout\u011b\u017e, v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy jsou pou\u017eity na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch psan\u00fdch pouze v ciz\u00edm jazyce. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee pokud Japonsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed vyd\u00e1 kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159izn\u00e1no z\u00e1kaz a zru\u0161en\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto znak\u016f i na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch psan\u00fdch pouze v ciz\u00edm jazyce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozhodnut\u00ed okresn\u00edho soudu a p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed v ot\u00e1zce pou\u017eit\u00ed znaku, a to z d\u016fvodu rozd\u00edln\u00fdch ustanoven\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, kter\u00e9 byly pou\u017eity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V rozhodnut\u00ed okresn\u00edho soudu bylo uvedeno, \u017ee ozna\u010den\u00ed &#8220;Maricar&#8221; znamen\u00e1 obl\u00edbenou hern\u00ed s\u00e9rii Nintendo &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221;, je v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 mezi lidmi v Japonsku, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o hry, a existuje riziko z\u00e1m\u011bny s podnik\u00e1n\u00edm, ve kter\u00e9m je Nintendo zapojeno. Bylo to pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 1 bod 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee (\u010dinnost vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bnu), ale nebylo to uzn\u00e1no pro webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky a podobn\u00e9 psan\u00e9 pouze v ciz\u00edm jazyce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, v tomto p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed bylo uvedeno, \u017ee ozna\u010den\u00ed &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221; je v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 v Japonsku a ozna\u010den\u00ed &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; je v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 jak v Japonsku, tak v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Bylo to pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 1 bod 2 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee (\u010dinnost zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed). &#8220;V\u00fdznamn\u00e9&#8221; znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je v\u00edce zn\u00e1m\u00e9 ne\u017e &#8220;v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 2: V tomto z\u00e1kon\u011b se &#8220;nekalou sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed&#8221; rozum\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<br> Bod 1 odstavec 1: Pou\u017eit\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed nebo slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e9 je \u0161iroce uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no mezi spot\u0159ebiteli jako ozna\u010den\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed nebo slu\u017eeb jin\u00e9 osoby, nebo p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed, dod\u00e1n\u00ed, vystaven\u00ed k p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed nebo dod\u00e1n\u00ed, export, import nebo poskytnut\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch linek zbo\u017e\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00e9ho t\u00edmto ozna\u010den\u00edm, kter\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1m\u011bnu s zbo\u017e\u00edm nebo podnik\u00e1n\u00edm jin\u00e9 osoby.<br> Bod 1 odstavec 2: Pou\u017eit\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je toto\u017en\u00e9 nebo podobn\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu ozna\u010den\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed nebo slu\u017eeb jin\u00e9 osoby, jako ozna\u010den\u00ed vlastn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed nebo slu\u017eeb, nebo p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed, dod\u00e1n\u00ed, vystaven\u00ed k p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed nebo dod\u00e1n\u00ed, export, import nebo poskytnut\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch linek zbo\u017e\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00e9ho t\u00edmto ozna\u010den\u00edm.<br><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Co znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bylo uzn\u00e1no jako poru\u0161en\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 1 bod 2 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, nikoli bod 1?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e je v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pou\u017eito jinou osobou bez povolen\u00ed, i kdy\u017e nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee osoba, kter\u00e1 toto ozna\u010den\u00ed zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, &#8220;zdarma jezdit&#8221; (free-ride) na p\u0159ita\u017elivosti z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kterou toto ozna\u010den\u00ed m\u00e1, ani\u017e by musela vyv\u00edjet obchodn\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed, zat\u00edmco vazba mezi v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm ozna\u010den\u00edm, kter\u00e9 dos\u00e1hlo vysok\u00e9 d\u016fv\u011bry, pov\u011bsti a reputace d\u00edky dlouholet\u00e9mu obchodn\u00edmu \u00fasil\u00ed, a osobou, kter\u00e1 ho p\u016fvodn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvala, se oslabuje (\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed, dilution).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 2 odstavec 1 bod 2 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee je ustanoven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 chr\u00e1nit v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed p\u0159ed takov\u00fdm free-ridingem a dilution, a nen\u00ed vy\u017eadov\u00e1no riziko z\u00e1m\u011bny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MARI Mobility Development tvrdila, \u017ee neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 riziko z\u00e1m\u011bny, proto\u017ee na karoserii karet a podobn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed vylu\u010dovac\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed, jako je &#8220;Nintendo nen\u00ed zapojeno&#8221;, ale Japonsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed uvedl, \u017ee podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 1 bod 2 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee nen\u00ed vy\u017eadov\u00e1no riziko z\u00e1m\u011bny, a proto skute\u010dnost, \u017ee MARI Mobility Development prov\u00e1d\u00ed vylu\u010dovac\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed, nen\u00ed okolnost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by pop\u0159ela poru\u0161en\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee ze strany spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/intellectual-property-infringement-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/intellectual-property-infringement-risk[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozsah_zakazu_pouzivani_a_zruseni_registrace_domenovych_jmen\"><\/span>Rozsah z\u00e1kazu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a zru\u0161en\u00ed registrace dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V rozhodnut\u00ed okresn\u00edho soudu se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee zobrazen\u00ed &#8220;\u30de\u30ea\u30ab\u30fc&#8221; nen\u00ed \u0161iroce zn\u00e1mo mezi t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed nerozum\u00ed japon\u0161tin\u011b, a pokud se dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed &#8220;maricar&#8221; pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch napsan\u00fdch pouze v ciz\u00edm jazyce, nezasahuje do obchodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f spole\u010dnosti Nintendo a z\u00e1kaz nen\u00ed uzn\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak v tomto p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee &#8220;maricar&#8221; je podobn\u00e9 slavn\u00e9mu zobrazen\u00ed &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; jak v Japonsku, tak v zahrani\u010d\u00ed,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ob\u017ealovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost v prvn\u00edm stupni soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pou\u017eila dom\u00e9nov\u00e1 jm\u00e9na podobn\u00e1 zobrazen\u00ed \u017ealobce a &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; s \u00famyslem z\u00edskat neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd zisk, co\u017e je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nekalou sout\u011b\u017en\u00ed praxi podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odstavec 1 bod 13 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei, a to m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kodit obchodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy \u017ealobce v prvn\u00edm stupni soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<br> Rozhodnut\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed ze dne 30. kv\u011btna 2019 (Gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159) <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>a uznal, \u017ee dom\u00e9nov\u00e1 jm\u00e9na podobn\u00e1 &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; a &#8220;\u30de\u30ea\u30ab\u30fc&#8221; (maricar.jp, maricar.co.jp, fuji-maricar.jp, maricar.com) jsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na s \u00famyslem z\u00edskat neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd zisk. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee pokud Japonsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed vyd\u00e1 kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1n i po\u017eadavek na z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch napsan\u00fdch pouze v ciz\u00edm jazyce a na zru\u0161en\u00ed registrace dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen pou\u017eit\u00fdch pro tento \u00fa\u010del.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-law-registration-confuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-law-registration-confuse[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pozadavek_na_nahradu_skody_vuci_generalnimu_rediteli_spolecnosti_MARI_Mobility_Development\"><\/span>Po\u017eadavek na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v\u016f\u010di gener\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u0159editeli spole\u010dnosti MARI Mobility Development<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o obchodn\u00edch spole\u010dnostech (Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o obchodn\u00edch spole\u010dnostech), pokud m\u00e1 d\u016fstojn\u00edk spole\u010dnosti zl\u00fd \u00famysl nebo z\u00e1va\u017enou nedbalost p\u0159i v\u00fdkonu sv\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed, je povinen n\u00e9st odpov\u011bdnost za n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody t\u0159et\u00ed stran\u011b (\u010dl\u00e1nek 429, odstavec 1). Nintendo se na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto ustanoven\u00ed sna\u017eilo vym\u00e1hat odpov\u011bdnost za n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody tak\u00e9 od gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti MARI Mobility Development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto ohledu soud prvn\u00ed instance rozhodl, \u017ee gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1n za to, \u017ee byl si v\u011bdom nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee nebo poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, a proto byl po\u017eadavek na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v\u016f\u010di gener\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u0159editelovi zam\u00edtnut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak v tomto mezit\u00edmn\u00edm rozhodnut\u00ed bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee \u0159editel\u00e9 maj\u00ed povinnost zajistit, aby spole\u010dnost nep\u00e1chala nekalou sout\u011b\u017e, a \u017ee gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti poru\u0161il tuto povinnost s \u00famyslem nebo alespo\u0148 s v\u00e1\u017enou nedbalost\u00ed, a proto byl po\u017eadavek na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v\u016f\u010di gener\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u0159editelovi uzn\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 zcela eliminovat prvky &#8220;free-riding&#8221; z obchodn\u00edch aktivit, ale pokud je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd &#8220;free-riding&#8221;, jak je tomu v tomto mezit\u00edmn\u00edm rozhodnut\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel osobn\u011b st\u00edh\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Budouci_vyhledy\"><\/span> Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdhledy <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_130241864-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9741\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V budoucnu se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee se budou konat soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o n\u00e1hrad\u011b \u0161kody a dal\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch na z\u00e1klad\u011b obsahu p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edho k fin\u00e1ln\u00edmu verdiktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Castka_nahrady_skody\"><\/span>\u010c\u00e1stka n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de \u010d\u00e1stky n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody, Nintendo ve sv\u00e9m odvol\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161ilo po\u017eadovanou \u010d\u00e1stku z 10 milion\u016f jen\u016f (cca 1,9 milionu korun) na 50 milion\u016f jen\u016f (cca 9,5 milionu korun). P\u016fvodn\u00edch 10 milion\u016f jen\u016f, kter\u00e9 Nintendo po\u017eadovalo v prvostup\u0148ov\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, bylo takzvanou &#8220;\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed&#8221; a nezahrnovalo celkovou \u010d\u00e1stku \u0161kody, kterou Nintendo tvrdilo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nintendo v prvostup\u0148ov\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tvrdilo, \u017ee \u0161koda \u010din\u00ed 74,9 milion\u016f jen\u016f (cca 14,2 milionu korun) a po\u017eadovalo z toho 10 milion\u016f jen\u016f. Ve sv\u00e9m odvol\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti spole\u010dnosti MARI Mobility Development, tvrd\u00ed Nintendo, \u017ee \u0161koda \u010din\u00ed 116,6 milion\u016f jen\u016f (cca 22,1 milionu korun) a po\u017eaduje z toho 50 milion\u016f jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud uznal \u0161kodu Nintenda ve v\u00fd\u0161i m\u00edrn\u011b p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 10,264,609 jen\u016f (cca 1,95 milionu korun). Pokud se v odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nedos\u00e1hne dohody a Japonsk\u00fd nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed vyd\u00e1 fin\u00e1ln\u00ed verdikt, bude zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 sledovat, jak\u00e1 bude \u010d\u00e1stka n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dopad_predbezneho_rozhodnuti\"><\/span>Dopad p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V Japonsku, kde se k t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161emu rychle p\u0159i\u0159azuj\u00ed zkratky a tyto zkratky se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed mezi ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e samotn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy produkt\u016f, je ot\u00e1zka, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry by m\u011bly spole\u010dnosti z\u00edsk\u00e1vat ochrann\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky pro zkratky jako &#8220;MariCar&#8221; pro svou obranu, n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem z hlediska n\u00e1klad\u016f na spr\u00e1vu zna\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e spole\u010dnost nez\u00edskala ochrannou zn\u00e1mku, Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee (Japanese Unfair Competition Prevention Act) chr\u00e1n\u00ed dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e9 nebo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee v tomto p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed byla uzn\u00e1na ochrana na z\u00e1klad\u011b Z\u00e1kona o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm rozsahu ne\u017e v rozhodnut\u00ed okresn\u00edho soudu, je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za pozitivn\u00ed sign\u00e1l pro budouc\u00ed spr\u00e1vu zna\u010dek spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-trademark-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-trademark-company[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento rozsudek slou\u017e\u00ed jako referen\u010dn\u00ed bod pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zkratky n\u00e1zv\u016f produkt\u016f jin\u00fdch osob (jin\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed) nebo kost\u00fdmy postav, kter\u00e9 se objevuj\u00ed v produktech, a ukazuje rozhodnut\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee (Unfair Competition Prevention Act).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, tento rozsudek neposkytl podstatn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed ohledn\u011b n\u00e1rok\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, jako je nutnost z\u00e1kazu nebo voliteln\u00e9 spojen\u00ed, a proto se nezab\u00fdval probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se cosplay a autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Nintendo, kter\u00e1 je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi obl\u00edben\u00fdmi hern\u00edmi postavami jako je &#8216;Mario&#8217;, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee vyu\u017eit\u00ed kost\u00fdm\u016f t\u011bchto postav a z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f z j\u00edzdy na kart\u00e1ch na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch silnic\u00edch pro rekla [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63521,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,28],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61090"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61090"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61090\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63522,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61090\/revisions\/63522"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63521"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61090"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61090"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61090"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}