{"id":61122,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:23","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61122"},"modified":"2024-03-26T06:03:00","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T21:03:00","slug":"definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act","title":{"rendered":"Definice Open Source (OSS) a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 body v autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 tv\u016frce, v\u010detn\u011b in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f a design\u00e9r\u016f v IT, je nevyhnutelnou ot\u00e1zkou probl\u00e9m autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. M\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee se vyskytnou spory ohledn\u011b d\u011bl, kter\u00e1 jste vytvo\u0159ili, nebo m\u016f\u017eete nev\u011bdomky poru\u0161it pr\u00e1va na d\u00edla jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed. V tomto kontextu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edvat bez p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9ho star\u00e1n\u00ed se o probl\u00e9my s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy, siln\u00fdm spojencem p\u0159i tvorb\u011b d\u011bl tv\u016frc\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, \u010dasto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS) nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b pochopen, a n\u011bkdy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159edpis\u016f kv\u016fli nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu pochopen\u00ed toho, co otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS) je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btl\u00edme b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed ohledn\u011b otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS) na z\u00e1klad\u011b jeho pr\u00e1vn\u00ed definice.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#Ruzne_nedorozumeni_ohledne_open_source_OSS\" title=\"R\u016fzn\u00e9 nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed ohledn\u011b open source (OSS)\">R\u016fzn\u00e9 nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed ohledn\u011b open source (OSS)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#Rozdil_mezi_%E2%80%9Cpouzitim%E2%80%9D_a_%E2%80%9Cvyuzitim%E2%80%9D_v_autorskem_pravu_a_podstata_open_source_OSS\" title=\"Rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00edm&#8221; a &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00edm&#8221; v autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu a podstata open source (OSS)\">Rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00edm&#8221; a &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00edm&#8221; v autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu a podstata open source (OSS)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#%E2%80%9CVyuziti%E2%80%9D_je_pravo_autorskeho_prava_a_muze_dojit_k_poruseni_autorskych_prav\" title=\"&#8220;Vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; je pr\u00e1vo autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v\">&#8220;Vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; je pr\u00e1vo autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#%E2%80%9CPouziti%E2%80%9D_neni_monopolni_pravo_a_neexistuje_poruseni_autorskych_prav\" title=\"&#8220;Pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; nen\u00ed monopoln\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a neexistuje poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v\">&#8220;Pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; nen\u00ed monopoln\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a neexistuje poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#Poskytnuti_%E2%80%9Cvyuziti%E2%80%9D_nekomu_kdo_neni_drzitelem_prav_je_licenci\" title=\"Poskytnut\u00ed &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; n\u011bkomu, kdo nen\u00ed dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v, je licenc\u00ed\">Poskytnut\u00ed &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; n\u011bkomu, kdo nen\u00ed dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v, je licenc\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#Na_co_si_dat_pozor_s_ohledem_na_podstatu_otevreneho_zdroje_OSS\" title=\"Na co si d\u00e1t pozor s ohledem na podstatu otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS)\">Na co si d\u00e1t pozor s ohledem na podstatu otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#%E2%80%9CJe_to_otevreny_zdroj_OSS_protoze_je_zverejnen_na_miste_ktere_muze_kdokoli_prohlizet_na_internetu%E2%80%9D_je_nespravne\" title=\"&#8220;Je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), proto\u017ee je zve\u0159ejn\u011bn na m\u00edst\u011b, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee kdokoli prohl\u00ed\u017eet na internetu&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9\">&#8220;Je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), proto\u017ee je zve\u0159ejn\u011bn na m\u00edst\u011b, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee kdokoli prohl\u00ed\u017eet na internetu&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#%E2%80%9COtevreny_zdroj_OSS_nema_autorska_prava_a_autorske_pravo_se_na_nej_nevztahuje%E2%80%9D_je_nespravne\" title=\"&#8220;Otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS) nem\u00e1 autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo se na n\u011bj nevztahuje&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9\">&#8220;Otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS) nem\u00e1 autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo se na n\u011bj nevztahuje&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#%E2%80%9CVsechny_naklady_spojene_s_pouzitim_otevreneho_zdroje_OSS_jsou_zdarma%E2%80%9D_neni_vzdy_pravda\" title=\"&#8220;V\u0161echny n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s pou\u017eit\u00edm otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS) jsou zdarma&#8221; nen\u00ed v\u017edy pravda\">&#8220;V\u0161echny n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s pou\u017eit\u00edm otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS) jsou zdarma&#8221; nen\u00ed v\u017edy pravda<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#%E2%80%9CPokud_je_to_otevreny_zdroj_OSS_muzete_ho_pouzivat_bez_omezeni%E2%80%9D_je_nespravne\" title=\"&#8220;Pokud je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), m\u016f\u017eete ho pou\u017e\u00edvat bez omezen\u00ed&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9\">&#8220;Pokud je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), m\u016f\u017eete ho pou\u017e\u00edvat bez omezen\u00ed&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/definition-caution-open-source-copyright-act\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ruzne_nedorozumeni_ohledne_open_source_OSS\"><\/span>R\u016fzn\u00e9 nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed ohledn\u011b open source (OSS)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/shutterstock_397445059-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5420\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pokud nerozum\u00edte spr\u00e1vn\u011b definici open source (OSS), m\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st k pr\u00e1vn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Open source (OSS) je term\u00edn, jeho\u017e p\u0159esn\u00e1 definice je \u010dasto nespr\u00e1vn\u011b ch\u00e1p\u00e1na. Typick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed body:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Pokud je program s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem zve\u0159ejn\u011bn na internetu pro nespecifikovan\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ozna\u010den jako open source (OSS).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open source (OSS) nen\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy, tak\u017ee autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je irelevantn\u00ed a nen\u00ed t\u0159eba se ob\u00e1vat pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u0161echny n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s pou\u017eit\u00edm open source (OSS) jsou zdarma.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open source (OSS) m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n bez omezen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Abyste to m\u011bli jasn\u00e9, v\u0161echny tyto body jsou nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9. Pou\u017eit\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du nebo programu na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k pr\u00e1vn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jasn\u011b rozli\u0161ovat mezi open source (OSS) a ostatn\u00edmi, a v\u011bd\u011bt, jak\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jsou uzn\u00e1na u\u017eivatel\u016fm open source (OSS), aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. V t\u00e9to souvislosti je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u011b pochopit definici open source (OSS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozdil_mezi_%E2%80%9Cpouzitim%E2%80%9D_a_%E2%80%9Cvyuzitim%E2%80%9D_v_autorskem_pravu_a_podstata_open_source_OSS\"><\/span>Rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00edm&#8221; a &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00edm&#8221; v autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu a podstata open source (OSS)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tak\u017ee co vlastn\u011b je open source (OSS)? P\u0159i pochopen\u00ed podstaty open source (OSS) je t\u0159eba se zam\u011b\u0159it na z\u00e1klady autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va. V autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu jsou &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; a &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; jasn\u011b rozli\u0161eny jako japonsk\u00e9 term\u00edny s odli\u0161n\u00fdmi v\u00fdznamy. Proto\u017ee v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 japon\u0161tin\u011b nen\u00ed mezi ob\u011bma term\u00edny velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl, jsou \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ny. Je tedy d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nejprve pochopit tento rozd\u00edl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CVyuziti%E2%80%9D_je_pravo_autorskeho_prava_a_muze_dojit_k_poruseni_autorskych_prav\"><\/span>&#8220;Vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; je pr\u00e1vo autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed oblast, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje ur\u010ditou monopoln\u00ed pozici pro tv\u016frce d\u00edla jako dr\u017eitele pr\u00e1v. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, pokud to vysv\u011btl\u00edme co nejstru\u010dn\u011bji v kontextu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f a softwaru, jde o to, \u017ee se \u0159\u00edd\u00edme v\u016fl\u00ed dr\u017eitele pr\u00e1v v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch jako je kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u010dl\u00e1nek 21 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona), ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es internet (\u010dl\u00e1nek 23 odstavec 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona) a p\u0159evod (\u010dl\u00e1nek 27 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona). Tyto ot\u00e1zky se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; d\u00edla. Pokud tedy n\u011bkdo, kdo nen\u00ed dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v, provede tyto \u010dinnosti bez povolen\u00ed, stane se to p\u0159\u00edpadem &#8220;poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v&#8221;. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku je vysv\u011btlen rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00edm&#8221; ciz\u00edho zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du a &#8220;pouh\u00fdm odkazem na n\u011bj&#8221;, a je poskytnut v\u00fdklad krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pro posouzen\u00ed poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-infringement-relatedtothe-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/copyright-infringement-relatedtothe-program[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud dojde k poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, dr\u017eitel pr\u00e1v m\u016f\u017ee po\u017eadovat civiln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, jako je z\u00e1kaz (\u010dl\u00e1nek 112 odstavec 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona) nebo n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody na z\u00e1klad\u011b odpov\u011bdnosti za protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed (\u010dl\u00e1nek 709 Japonsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku).<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CPouziti%E2%80%9D_neni_monopolni_pravo_a_neexistuje_poruseni_autorskych_prav\"><\/span>&#8220;Pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; nen\u00ed monopoln\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a neexistuje poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo v\u0161ak nen\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 za c\u00edl pouze chr\u00e1nit dr\u017eitele pr\u00e1v a trestat poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v. \u00da\u010delem autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va, jak je uvedeno v \u010dl\u00e1nku 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed filozofie.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 1 Tento z\u00e1kon stanovuje pr\u00e1va autora a p\u0159ilehl\u00e1 pr\u00e1va t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se d\u011bl, v\u00fdkon\u016f, z\u00e1znam\u016f, vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed a kabelov\u00e9ho vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed, s c\u00edlem chr\u00e1nit pr\u00e1va autora a p\u0159isp\u011bt k rozvoji kultury, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se zohled\u0148uje spravedliv\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto kulturn\u00edch produkt\u016f.<br><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b &#8220;ochrany pr\u00e1v&#8221; je zde tak\u00e9 zmi\u0148ov\u00e1na filozofie &#8220;rozvoje kultury&#8221;. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, pokud tv\u016frce p\u0159ehnan\u011b uplat\u0148uje sv\u00e1 monopoln\u00ed pr\u00e1va, m\u016f\u017ee to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b omezit tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed \u010dinnost ostatn\u00edch, a proto je tak\u00e9 c\u00edlem naj\u00edt rovnov\u00e1hu mezi t\u011bmito ot\u00e1zkami. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, v t\u00e9to pr\u00e1vn\u00ed oblasti existuje mnoho ustanoven\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo neplat\u00ed. To souvis\u00ed s ot\u00e1zkou &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; v autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edme ustanoven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; d\u00edla.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 30 D\u00edlo, kter\u00e9 je p\u0159edm\u011btem autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v (d\u00e1le jen &#8220;d\u00edlo&#8221;), m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kop\u00edrov\u00e1no u\u017eivatelem, pokud je jeho \u00fa\u010delem pou\u017eit\u00ed pro osobn\u00ed nebo dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely nebo v jin\u00e9m omezen\u00e9m rozsahu (d\u00e1le jen &#8220;soukrom\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221;), s v\u00fdjimkou p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f uveden\u00fdch n\u00ed\u017ee. (text pokra\u010duje)<br><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; d\u00edla podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 30 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona znamen\u00e1 &#8220;\u010dten\u00ed&#8221; v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b knih, &#8220;poslech&#8221; v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hudby a &#8220;sledov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b film\u016f. \u010cten\u00ed knihy v knihkupectv\u00ed nen\u00ed probl\u00e9mem v autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, koncept poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v neexistuje pro pou\u017eit\u00ed d\u00edla u\u017eivatelem. Shrnut\u00ed, &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; d\u00edla n\u011bk\u00fdm, kdo nen\u00ed dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v, nap\u0159\u00edklad tisk nebo \u00faprava knihy, nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo hran\u00ed hudby, distribuce nebo prom\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed filmu, je regulov\u00e1no autorsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Poskytnuti_%E2%80%9Cvyuziti%E2%80%9D_nekomu_kdo_neni_drzitelem_prav_je_licenci\"><\/span>Poskytnut\u00ed &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; n\u011bkomu, kdo nen\u00ed dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v, je licenc\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 je p\u0159edpokladem pro pochopen\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu open source (OSS). Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, kter\u00e9 \u0161iroce omezuje &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; n\u011bk\u00fdm, kdo nen\u00ed dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v, znamen\u00e1 naopak, \u017ee pokud dr\u017eitel pr\u00e1v d\u00e1 svolen\u00ed, &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221; n\u011bk\u00fdm, kdo nen\u00ed dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v, je tak\u00e9 povoleno. To je takzvan\u00e1 licence. Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed licence se li\u0161\u00ed od p\u0159evzet\u00ed p\u0159evodu nebo p\u0159evodu autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a st\u00e1n\u00ed se dr\u017eitelem autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Licence je st\u00e1le zalo\u017eena na p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee nem\u00e1te autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, ale z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1te &#8220;souhlas&#8221; od opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho dr\u017eitele pr\u00e1v k &#8220;vyu\u017eit\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Open source (OSS) je takov\u00fd, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje komukoli v\u0161eobecn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u00e9to licence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Na_co_si_dat_pozor_s_ohledem_na_podstatu_otevreneho_zdroje_OSS\"><\/span>Na co si d\u00e1t pozor s ohledem na podstatu otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/shutterstock_172683092-1024x675.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5421\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jak\u00e9 jsou nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed a na co si d\u00e1t pozor p\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS)?<br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fd\u0161e jsme se na z\u00e1klad\u011b obsahu autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va pod\u00edvali na \u010dast\u00e9 nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS). N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edme body, kter\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto nepochopeny a vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojem (OSS). Tyto body by m\u011bly b\u00fdt ji\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, pokud vezmeme v \u00favahu v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 informace.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CJe_to_otevreny_zdroj_OSS_protoze_je_zverejnen_na_miste_ktere_muze_kdokoli_prohlizet_na_internetu%E2%80%9D_je_nespravne\"><\/span>&#8220;Je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), proto\u017ee je zve\u0159ejn\u011bn na m\u00edst\u011b, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee kdokoli prohl\u00ed\u017eet na internetu&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy je k\u00f3d zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fd na githubu nespr\u00e1vn\u011b ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako &#8220;je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), proto\u017ee je na m\u00edst\u011b, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee kdokoli prohl\u00ed\u017eet na internetu, tak\u017ee se nemus\u00edme starat o autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;. Av\u0161ak podstata otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS) spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v &#8220;povolen\u00ed k pou\u017eit\u00ed&#8221;, nikoli v tom, \u017ee ho m\u016f\u017ee kdokoli prohl\u00ed\u017eet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Program\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd napsal dan\u00fd k\u00f3d a je jeho autorem, nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b povolit jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti, i kdy\u017e m\u011bl v \u00famyslu zve\u0159ejnit tento k\u00f3d na internetu.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9COtevreny_zdroj_OSS_nema_autorska_prava_a_autorske_pravo_se_na_nej_nevztahuje%E2%80%9D_je_nespravne\"><\/span>&#8220;Otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS) nem\u00e1 autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo se na n\u011bj nevztahuje&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, i u toho, co se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), existuje autor. Otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS) vznik\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee autor uplat\u0148uje sv\u00e1 autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a v d\u016fsledku toho povoluje jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, samotn\u00fd otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS) je zalo\u017een na p\u0159edpokladu r\u00e1mce autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CVsechny_naklady_spojene_s_pouzitim_otevreneho_zdroje_OSS_jsou_zdarma%E2%80%9D_neni_vzdy_pravda\"><\/span>&#8220;V\u0161echny n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s pou\u017eit\u00edm otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS) jsou zdarma&#8221; nen\u00ed v\u017edy pravda<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Podstata otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS) spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v povolen\u00ed k pou\u017eit\u00ed. Proto jsou licen\u010dn\u00ed poplatky zdarma pro v\u0161echny podle definice. Av\u0161ak n\u00e1klady mohou vzniknout mimo licen\u010dn\u00ed poplatky, co\u017e nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 vylou\u010dit z definice otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje (OSS). Dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem toho jsou pluginy pro WordPress, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek. Tyto pluginy, kter\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed funkce WordPressu, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed technici z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a jsou definov\u00e1ny jako otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), ale stahov\u00e1n\u00ed plugin\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bu\u010f zdarma, nebo za poplatek.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CPokud_je_to_otevreny_zdroj_OSS_muzete_ho_pouzivat_bez_omezeni%E2%80%9D_je_nespravne\"><\/span>&#8220;Pokud je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj (OSS), m\u016f\u017eete ho pou\u017e\u00edvat bez omezen\u00ed&#8221; je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Podstata otev\u0159en\u00e9ho zdroje spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti pou\u017e\u00edvat ho bezplatn\u011b a v\u0161eobecn\u011b. Proto mohou b\u00fdt i zde ur\u010dit\u00e1 omezen\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj s kop\u00edrovac\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami vy\u017eaduje, aby byly stejn\u00e9 kop\u00edrovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky p\u0159id\u00e1ny k nov\u00fdm d\u00edl\u016fm vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm na jeho z\u00e1klad\u011b a aby byly u\u010din\u011bny otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojem. Krom\u011b toho, i kdy\u017e je to otev\u0159en\u00fd zdroj, existuje mnoho p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy jsou stanovena omezen\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad na zp\u016fsob ozna\u010den\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecn\u011b se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nem\u00e1 mnoho co do \u010din\u011bn\u00ed s technologiemi pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b d\u011bl a kter\u00e1 proto nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed r\u00e1di v\u00fdrobu v\u011bc\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, porozum\u011bn\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9mu zdroji (OSS) nen\u00ed pro tv\u016frce v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nesouvisej\u00edc\u00ed oblast\u00ed. Pova\u017euje se za d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit spr\u00e1vn\u011b a v\u011bnovat se pochopen\u00ed toho, co je dobr\u00e9 a co \u0161patn\u00e9.<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 tv\u016frce, v\u010detn\u011b in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f a design\u00e9r\u016f v IT, je nevyhnutelnou ot\u00e1zkou probl\u00e9m autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. M\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee se vyskytnou spory ohledn\u011b d\u011bl, kter\u00e1 jste vytvo\u0159ili, nebo m\u016f\u017eete nev\u011bdomky poru\u0161 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63165,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61122"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61122"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63166,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61122\/revisions\/63166"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}