{"id":61140,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:24","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61140"},"modified":"2024-03-25T19:18:01","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T10:18:01","slug":"honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company","title":{"rendered":"Co je od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed cti spole\u010dnosti nebo organizace?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Kdy\u017e dojde k \u010dinu, kter\u00fd poru\u0161uje \u010dest, ob\u011b\u0165, pokud je to jednotlivec, m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed. Ale jak bychom m\u011bli p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, kdy\u017e je ob\u011bt\u00ed spole\u010dnost nebo organizace?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U spole\u010dnost\u00ed a organizac\u00ed nelze uva\u017eovat o du\u0161evn\u00edm utrpen\u00ed, tak\u017ee i kdy\u017e je jejich \u010dest po\u0161kozena, nelze uva\u017eovat o od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed. Proto m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rozhodnut\u00ed, \u017ee by m\u011blo b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1no od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed pouze za hmatateln\u00e9 \u0161kody, jako je pokles tr\u017eeb. Av\u0161ak ve skute\u010dnosti je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159esn\u011b vypo\u010d\u00edtat pokles tr\u017eeb zp\u016fsoben\u00fd poru\u0161en\u00edm, co\u017e by znamenalo, \u017ee pr\u00e1va spole\u010dnost\u00ed a organizac\u00ed nejsou chr\u00e1n\u011bna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proto se st\u00e1v\u00e1 probl\u00e9mem, zda je uzn\u00e1na nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda, jako je od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, krom\u011b hmatateln\u00e9 \u0161kody, jako je pokles tr\u017eeb, kdy\u017e spole\u010dnost nebo organizace utrp\u00ed \u010din poru\u0161en\u00ed \u010destnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company\/#Spolecnosti_a_organizace_a_jejich_nehmotne_skody\" title=\"Spole\u010dnosti a organizace a jejich nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody\">Spole\u010dnosti a organizace a jejich nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company\/#Poskozeni_povesti_firmy_a_nehmotne_skody\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti firmy a nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti firmy a nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company\/#Nehmotna_skoda_a_naklady_na_obnovu_povesti\" title=\"Nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda a n\u00e1klady na obnovu pov\u011bsti\">Nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda a n\u00e1klady na obnovu pov\u011bsti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company\/#Urazeni_cti_spolecnosti_a_jejich_zastupcu\" title=\"Ura\u017een\u00ed cti spole\u010dnosti a jej\u00edch z\u00e1stupc\u016f\">Ura\u017een\u00ed cti spole\u010dnosti a jej\u00edch z\u00e1stupc\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Spolecnosti_a_organizace_a_jejich_nehmotne_skody\"><\/span>Spole\u010dnosti a organizace a jejich nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud v lednu 1964 rozhodl, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u00e1roku na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na dobr\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, kter\u00fd po\u017eadovala l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 korporace, je &#8220;naprosto myln\u00e9 doj\u00edt k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda, tedy du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed, nem\u016f\u017ee existovat u korporace, proto\u017ee korporace nem\u00e1 du\u0161i, a \u017ee krom\u011b n\u00e1hrady za hmotnou \u0161kodu, tedy za \u0161kodu na majetku, nejsou uzn\u00e1ny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 prost\u0159edky n\u00e1pravy v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na dobr\u00e9 jm\u00e9no korporace, krom\u011b speci\u00e1ln\u00edho postupu uzn\u00e1van\u00e9ho podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 723 Japonsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na dobr\u00e9 jm\u00e9no korporace nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno vznik nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody, kterou lze vy\u010d\u00edslit v pen\u011bz\u00edch, a takovou \u0161kodu by m\u011bl pachatel nahradit pen\u011bzi, co\u017e je soci\u00e1ln\u011b spravedliv\u00e9.&#8221;<br><\/p>\n<cite>Verdikt Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu ze dne 28. ledna 1964 (1964)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud tak rozhodl, \u017ee korporace m\u016f\u017ee po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za poru\u0161en\u00ed jej\u00edho pr\u00e1va na dobr\u00e9 jm\u00e9no jako &#8220;nehmotnou \u0161kodu&#8221;. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu nen\u00ed ch\u00e1p\u00e1no jako uzn\u00e1n\u00ed du\u0161evn\u00edho utrpen\u00ed korporace, ale jako uzn\u00e1n\u00ed existence nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody, kterou lze vy\u010d\u00edslit v pen\u011bz\u00edch, pro korporaci. Rozhodnut\u00ed zru\u0161ilo p\u016fvodn\u00ed verdikt, kter\u00fd tvrdil, \u017ee &#8220;korporace nem\u016f\u017ee po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za nehmotnou \u0161kodu zp\u016fsobenou poru\u0161en\u00edm jej\u00edho pr\u00e1va na dobr\u00e9 jm\u00e9no&#8221;, a vr\u00e1tilo p\u0159\u00edpad k dal\u0161\u00edmu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed do Tokijsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pozd\u011bji byla nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda uzn\u00e1na tak\u00e9 u r\u016fzn\u00fdch korporac\u00ed, politick\u00fdch stran bez pr\u00e1vn\u00ed subjektivity, odborov\u00fdch svaz\u016f, obchodn\u00edch sdru\u017een\u00ed atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Poskozeni_povesti_firmy_a_nehmotne_skody\"><\/span>Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti firmy a nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/pixta_48981994_M-1024x614.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5052\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy bylo nutn\u00e9 zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed kv\u016fli &#8220;nehmotn\u00fdm \u0161kod\u00e1m&#8221; zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm firm\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo uzn\u00e1no po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti firmy v d\u016fsledku \u010dl\u00e1nku v t\u00fdden\u00edku, kter\u00fd kritizoval v\u00fdkon povinnost\u00ed p\u0159edsedy p\u0159edstavenstva velk\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 firmy, a bylo na\u0159\u00edzeno zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a zve\u0159ejnit omluvnou reklamu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-corrective-advertising-restoration-of-reputation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-corrective-advertising-restoration-of-reputation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fdden\u00edk Shukan Shincho informoval, \u017ee I, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159edsedou p\u0159edstavenstva spole\u010dnosti Kanebo a tak\u00e9 p\u0159edsedou p\u0159edstavenstva spole\u010dnosti Japan Airlines, nem\u00e1 schopnosti jako mana\u017eer, \u017ee je nevhodn\u00fd jako p\u0159edseda Japan Airlines a \u017ee v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Kanebo pokra\u010doval v \u00fa\u010detn\u00edch podvodech. V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1994 (rok 1994 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud uvedl, \u017ee neexistuj\u00ed d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee tento \u010dl\u00e1nek odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pravd\u011b,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;\u010cl\u00e1nek obsahuje velmi z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 a v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 informace pro odvolatele, jako je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee prov\u00e1d\u011bl \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed podvody, a je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee jeho pov\u011bst a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost byly t\u00edmto v\u00fdrazn\u011b po\u0161kozeny. Nav\u00edc, vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee n\u00e1klad t\u00fdden\u00edku Shukan Shincho je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 600 000 v\u00fdtisk\u016f, co\u017e nen\u00ed mezi stranami sporn\u00e9, dopad, kter\u00fd tento \u010dl\u00e1nek m\u011bl na odvolatele, je tak\u00e9 zna\u010dn\u00fd. Odvolatel utrp\u011bl zna\u010dn\u00e9 nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody, kter\u00e9 nelze konkr\u00e9tn\u011b spo\u010d\u00edtat, v d\u016fsledku tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku.&#8221;<br><\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek tokijsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu ze dne 7. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1994<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>a na\u0159\u00eddil t\u00fdden\u00edku Shukan Shincho zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed 5 milion\u016f jen\u016f za nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody a zve\u0159ejnit omluvnou reklamu. Na druhou stranu, pokud jde o &#8220;ztr\u00e1tu zisku, kter\u00fd by mohl b\u00fdt z\u00edsk\u00e1n&#8221; v d\u016fsledku poklesu tr\u017eeb odvolatele (Kanebo),<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Je uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee tr\u017eby kosmetick\u00e9 prodejn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 je dce\u0159inou spole\u010dnost\u00ed odvolatele, a spole\u010dnosti Kanebo Pharmaceuticals v \u010dervenci a srpnu roku 1986 (rok 1986 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) v\u00fdrazn\u011b poklesly ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se stejn\u00fdm obdob\u00edm p\u0159edchoz\u00edho roku. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, tr\u017eby se m\u011bn\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na r\u016fzn\u00fdch slo\u017eit\u00fdch faktorech, jako je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomick\u00e1 situace, tak\u017ee nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pokles tr\u017eeb dce\u0159in\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti odvolatele byl zp\u016fsoben publikac\u00ed tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku. Nav\u00edc, nelze souhlasit s t\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161koda dce\u0159in\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti se p\u0159\u00edmo st\u00e1v\u00e1 ztr\u00e1tou zisku, kter\u00fd by odvolatel mohl z\u00edskat.&#8221;<br><\/p>\n<cite>Tamt\u00e9\u017e<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>a nebylo to uzn\u00e1no. I kdy\u017e je teoreticky mo\u017en\u00e9 uznat finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 poklesem tr\u017eeb a podobn\u011b, je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat vznik \u0161kody a p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinnou souvislost mezi po\u0161kozen\u00edm pov\u011bsti a \u0161kodou, a je vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, \u017ee je to uzn\u00e1no u soudu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nehmotna_skoda_a_naklady_na_obnovu_povesti\"><\/span>Nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda a n\u00e1klady na obnovu pov\u011bsti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V n\u011bkolika soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech se mnoho \u017ealobc\u016f dom\u00e1halo t\u0159\u00ed typ\u016f \u0161kod:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>Finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0161koda zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 poklesem tr\u017eeb (obchodn\u00ed \u0161koda)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00e1klady vynalo\u017een\u00e9 na opat\u0159en\u00ed k obnov\u011b pov\u011bsti (n\u00e1klady na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed a reklamu zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na prevenci roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u0161kody a obnovu spole\u010densk\u00e9 d\u016fv\u011bry)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 ztr\u00e1tou spole\u010densk\u00e9 d\u016fv\u011bry<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Je vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, \u017ee prvn\u00ed typ \u0161kody je uzn\u00e1n, ale je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout uzn\u00e1n\u00ed druh\u00e9ho typu. Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo uzn\u00e1no nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00edm d\u016fv\u011bry, kdy\u017e byl v televizn\u00edm programu o nemovitostn\u00ed krizi po prasknut\u00ed bublinov\u00e9 ekonomiky rozhovor s realitn\u00edm makl\u00e9\u0159em upraven tak, aby vytvo\u0159il dojem, \u017ee i dan\u00fd makl\u00e9r se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Program zobrazil tragickou situaci bytov\u00fdch dom\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly nuceny zastavit prodej po prasknut\u00ed bublinov\u00e9 ekonomiky, makl\u00e9\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli nuceni zastavit prodej, a prodejn\u00edch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Narace vytvo\u0159ila dojem, \u017ee \u017ealobce, firma prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed bytov\u00fd d\u016fm nazvan\u00fd &#8220;Hightown Yoshikawa&#8221;, je stejn\u011b jako ostatn\u00ed realitn\u00ed makl\u00e9\u0159i v t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci, nem\u016f\u017ee vydr\u017eet dumpingovou konkurenci, nem\u016f\u017ee se zbavit z\u00e1sob a mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u016fj\u010den\u00fdch pen\u011bz se zvy\u0161uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161ak Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud v listopadu 1994 (rok 6 Heisei) rozhodl, \u017ee \u017ealobce je ve skute\u010dnosti ve velmi dobr\u00e9m finan\u010dn\u00edm stavu a uznal, \u017ee &#8220;je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee \u017ealobce m\u011bl p\u0159ed vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00edm tohoto programu zna\u010dn\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 uzn\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto by m\u011blo b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1sti programu, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed takov\u00fd dojem u do\u010dasn\u00fdch div\u00e1k\u016f, po\u0161kozuje d\u016fv\u011bru \u017ealobce.&#8221; Soud na\u0159\u00eddil televizn\u00ed stanici a produk\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti programu zaplatit 3 miliony jen\u016f za nehmotnou \u0161kodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, \u017ealobce tvrdil, \u017ee &#8220;vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1sti programu po\u0161kodilo d\u016fv\u011bru \u017ealobce a m\u011blo negativn\u00ed dopad na prodej Hightown Yoshikawa. Obvykle by sta\u010dilo rozd\u011blit maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 400 000 let\u00e1k\u016f, ale museli jsme rozd\u011blit dal\u0161\u00edch 620 000 let\u00e1k\u016f a dvakr\u00e1t um\u00edstit reklamu v novin\u00e1ch Yomiuri Shimbun, co\u017e znamenalo dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na reklamu ve v\u00fd\u0161i celkem 7 419 347 jen\u016f.&#8221; \u017dalobce po\u017eadoval n\u00e1hradu t\u011bchto dodate\u010dn\u00fdch reklamn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, ale<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Vzhledem k tehdej\u0161\u00edmu stavu na trhu s nemovitostmi nelze uznat, \u017ee by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prodej jist\u011b realizovat, pokud by nebylo vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto programu. Naopak, je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee prodej bytov\u00fdch dom\u016f, jako je Hightown Yoshikawa, byl velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd, a p\u0159esto bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee v\u0161echny 33 byt\u016f v Hightown Yoshikawa byly prod\u00e1ny asi \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto programu. Proto nelze uznat, \u017ee pokud by \u017ealobce neprovedl v\u00fd\u0161e uvedenou dodate\u010dnou reklamu, Hightown Yoshikawa by se neprodal. Tak\u017ee, pokud jde o dodate\u010dn\u00e9 reklamn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, kter\u00e9 \u017ealobce vynalo\u017eil, nelze uznat p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinnou souvislost mezi \u0161kodou, kterou \u017ealobce tvrd\u00ed, a spole\u010dn\u00fdm nez\u00e1konn\u00fdm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm \u017ealovan\u00fdch, i kdy\u017e se vezmou v \u00favahu v\u0161echny d\u016fkazy v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, 11. listopadu 1994 (rok 6 Heisei)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A tak \u017ealobu zam\u00edtl. Ale i kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne, \u017ee &#8220;nelze uznat, \u017ee pokud by \u017ealobce neprovedl v\u00fd\u0161e uvedenou dodate\u010dnou reklamu, Hightown Yoshikawa by se neprodal&#8221;, pokud by Hightown Yoshikawa nebyl prod\u00e1n bez dodate\u010dn\u00e9 reklamy, nebylo by mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu dodate\u010dn\u00fdch reklamn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, tak\u017ee to je divn\u00fd argument.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/expressions-and-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/expressions-and-defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urazeni_cti_spolecnosti_a_jejich_zastupcu\"><\/span>Ura\u017een\u00ed cti spole\u010dnosti a jej\u00edch z\u00e1stupc\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/pixta_49286149_M-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5053\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">P\u0159\u00edpady ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti z\u00e1stupc\u016f spole\u010dnost\u00ed a podobn\u00fdch subjekt\u016f mohou v\u00e9st k n\u00e1rok\u016fm na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e jsou ur\u00e1\u017eky na cti sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny na spole\u010dnosti nebo organizace a z\u00e1rove\u0148 na jejich z\u00e1stupce, m\u016f\u017eeme uva\u017eovat o cti jednotlivc\u016f zapojen\u00fdch do t\u011bchto aktivit odd\u011blen\u011b od cti spole\u010dnosti nebo organizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fdden\u00edk Bunshun uvedl, \u017ee d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d here\u010dka Non (v dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho p\u016fsoben\u00ed v hereck\u00e9 agentu\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Rena N\u014dnen) zmizela z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho oka, bylo zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s n\u00ed v hereck\u00e9 agentu\u0159e Repro Entertainment. \u010cl\u00e1nek podrobn\u011b popisoval situaci, ve kter\u00e9 se here\u010dka nach\u00e1zela od roku 2013 (rok 2013), jako nap\u0159\u00edklad &#8220;jej\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed plat v dob\u011b seri\u00e1lu &#8220;Amachan&#8221; byl 50 000 jen\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;nem\u011bla pen\u00edze ani na koupi kalhot&#8221; a &#8220;jej\u00ed mana\u017ee\u0159i se neust\u00e1le m\u011bnili&#8221;. Sv\u011bdectv\u00ed byla z\u00edsk\u00e1na od osob bl\u00edzk\u00fdch z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdm stran\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na \u010dl\u00e1nek reagovala spole\u010dnost Repro a jej\u00ed prezident, kte\u0159\u00ed v \u010dervnu 2015 (rok 2015) podali \u017ealobu na ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti proti vydavateli Bunshun a tehdej\u0161\u00edmu \u0161\u00e9fredaktorovi \u010dasopisu. Rozsudek byl vyd\u00e1n v dubnu 2019 (rok 2019) Tokijsk\u00fdm okresn\u00edm soudem. Soud ve sv\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu obsahu \u010dl\u00e1nku pop\u0159el a uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;ob\u017ealovan\u00ed zapomn\u011bli na svou misi jako novin\u00e1\u0159i, zanedbali vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu sv\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v z objektivn\u00edho hlediska a up\u0159ednostnili \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed obsahu, kter\u00fd byl pouze subjektivn\u00edm tvrzen\u00edm bez jak\u00e9hokoli d\u016fkazu.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Pokud se mezi ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1zor, \u017ee hereck\u00e1 agentura, kter\u00e1 je \u017ealobcem, poskytuje sv\u00fdm talent\u016fm pouze n\u00edzk\u00e9 platy a bezd\u016fvodn\u011b jim ned\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1ci, dojde k velk\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti \u017ealobce a v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m v jeho \u010dinnosti spojen\u00e9 s objevov\u00e1n\u00edm a rozv\u00edjen\u00edm talent\u016f. Neviditeln\u00e9 \u0161kody, kter\u00e9 \u017ealobce utrp\u011bl, jsou zna\u010dn\u00e9. Co se t\u00fd\u010de \u017ealobce A, jako\u017eto v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho \u0159editele \u017ealobce a st\u00e1l\u00e9ho \u0159editele Asociace hudebn\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, pokud se mezi ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1zor, \u017ee je osobou, kter\u00e1 se dopou\u0161t\u00ed \u0161ikany t\u00edm, \u017ee pop\u00edr\u00e1 charakter sv\u00fdch talent\u016f, dojde k po\u0161kozen\u00ed jeho cti a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti a vzniknou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky v jeho \u010dinnosti.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 19. dubna 2019<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud na\u0159\u00eddil t\u00fdden\u00edku Bunshun a spole\u010dnosti Bunshun Publishing zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1 milion jen\u016f za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho \u0159editele a 5 milion\u016f jen\u016f za nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 hereck\u00e9 agentu\u0159e, celkem 6,6 milion\u016f jen\u016f v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1klad\u016f na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fdden\u00edk Bunshun a spole\u010dnost Bunshun Publishing se proti tomuto rozsudku okam\u017eit\u011b odvolaly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/compensation-for-defamation-damages[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro v\u00edce informac\u00ed o n\u00e1kladech na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u0161kod zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch pomluvami na internetu a o procesu n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody se pod\u00edvejte na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/reputation-lawyers-fee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/reputation-lawyers-fee[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Kdy\u017e je po\u0161kozena pov\u011bst spole\u010dnosti nebo organizace, m\u016f\u017eete po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody nejen za hmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody, ale tak\u00e9 za nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V \u010dl\u00e1nku 710 Japonsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku (Japanese Civil Code) je uvedeno: &#8220;Bez ohledu na to, zda do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed ciz\u00edho t\u011bla, svobody nebo cti, nebo k poru\u0161en\u00ed ciz\u00edho majetkov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va, osoba, kter\u00e1 je podle p\u0159edchoz\u00edho ustanoven\u00ed povinna nahradit \u0161kodu, mus\u00ed nahradit i \u0161kodu, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed majetkov\u00e1.&#8221; Toto ustanoven\u00ed je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za uzn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1hrady za nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody a pro spole\u010dnosti a organizace je z n\u011bj odvozeno prakticky p\u0159ijateln\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jednotlivc\u016f m\u016f\u017eete po\u017eadovat od\u0161kodn\u00e9 za bolest a utrpen\u00ed, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spole\u010dnost\u00ed a organizac\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu za nehmotn\u00e9 \u0161kody a donutit pachatele k n\u00e1hrad\u011b \u0161kody.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kdy\u017e dojde k \u010dinu, kter\u00fd poru\u0161uje \u010dest, ob\u011b\u0165, pokud je to jednotlivec, m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed. Ale jak bychom m\u011bli p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, kdy\u017e je ob\u011bt\u00ed spole\u010dnost nebo organizace? https:\/\/monol [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63137,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61140"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61140"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63138,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61140\/revisions\/63138"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}