{"id":61158,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:55","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61158"},"modified":"2024-03-30T17:32:52","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T08:32:52","slug":"nft-game","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 jsou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my v blockchainov\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch a NFT hr\u00e1ch? Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed vztahu s japonsk\u00fdm 'Z\u00e1konem o zobrazen\u00ed cen' a 'Trestem za hazard"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V posledn\u00edch letech se objevuj\u00ed blockchainov\u00e9 hry (NFT hry), kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed technologii blockchainu pro prodej a spr\u00e1vu polo\u017eek ve h\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad hra &#8220;Axie Infinity&#8221; se rychle stala st\u0159edem pozornosti, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm &#8220;hr\u00e1t a vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat&#8221;. V t\u00e9to h\u0159e mohou hr\u00e1\u010di z\u00edsk\u00e1vat odm\u011bny ve form\u011b token\u016f. Tyto odm\u011bny lze pou\u017e\u00edt ve h\u0159e nebo je obchodovat na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m trhu. Na Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch jsou lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed na sv\u00e9 ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed n\u00e1klady hran\u00edm t\u00e9to hry, aby nahradili p\u0159\u00edjmy, kter\u00e9 se sn\u00ed\u017eily kv\u016fli pandemii koronaviru. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee z\u00e1jem o blockchainov\u00e9 hry bude nad\u00e1le r\u016fst a \u017ee se budou d\u00e1le \u0161\u00ed\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btl\u00edme podrobnosti o blockchainov\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my v Japonsku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Co_je_to_blockchainova_hra\" title=\"Co je to blockchainov\u00e1 hra\">Co je to blockchainov\u00e1 hra<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Blockchainove_hry_a_NFT\" title=\"Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a NFT\">Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a NFT<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Blockchainove_hry_a_japonsky_zakon_o_oznacovani_vyher_Zakon_o_prevenci_nespravedlivych_vyher_a_zavadejicich_oznaceni\" title=\"Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdher (Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00fdch v\u00fdher a zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch ozna\u010den\u00ed)\">Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdher (Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00fdch v\u00fdher a zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch ozna\u010den\u00ed)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Pripady_nespravneho_zobrazeni_podle_Japonskeho_zakona_o_oznacovani_cen\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho zobrazen\u00ed podle Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen\">P\u0159\u00edpady nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho zobrazen\u00ed podle Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Pripady_ktere_spadaji_pod_prehnane_darky_podle_japonskeho_zakona_o_oznacovani_cen_Japanese_Premiums_Display_Act\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 d\u00e1rky podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen (Japanese Premiums Display Act)\">P\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 d\u00e1rky podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen (Japanese Premiums Display Act)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Pokuty_za_poruseni_Japonskeho_zakona_o_oznacovani_cen\" title=\"Pokuty za poru\u0161en\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen\">Pokuty za poru\u0161en\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Blockchainove_hry_a_hazardni_hry\" title=\"Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a hazardn\u00ed hry\">Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a hazardn\u00ed hry<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Mohou_se_blockchainove_hry_kvalifikovat_jako_hazardni_hry\" title=\"Mohou se blockchainov\u00e9 hry kvalifikovat jako hazardn\u00ed hry?\">Mohou se blockchainov\u00e9 hry kvalifikovat jako hazardn\u00ed hry?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Tresty_za_hazardni_hry\" title=\"Tresty za hazardn\u00ed hry\">Tresty za hazardn\u00ed hry<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Shrnuti_Pro_konzultace_tykajici_se_pravnich_problemu_blockchainovych_her_se_obratte_na_pravnika\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed: Pro konzultace t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f blockchainov\u00fdch her se obra\u0165te na pr\u00e1vn\u00edka\">Shrnut\u00ed: Pro konzultace t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f blockchainov\u00fdch her se obra\u0165te na pr\u00e1vn\u00edka<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/nft-game\/#Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\" title=\"P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e\">P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_blockchainova_hra\"><\/span>Co je to blockchainov\u00e1 hra<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/shutterstock_482126278.png\" alt=\"Co je to blockchainov\u00e1 hra\" class=\"wp-image-50103\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Blockchainov\u00e1 technologie je druh datab\u00e1zov\u00e9 technologie, kter\u00e1 ch\u00e1pe bloky dat jako bloky a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 data t\u00edm, \u017ee je spojuje jako \u0159et\u011bzec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e1 vlastnost, \u017ee je extr\u00e9mn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 zni\u010dit nebo upravit data, a je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na pro kryptom\u011bny (virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bny) jako je Bitcoin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blockchainov\u00e1 hra je hra, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdm\u011bnu nebo prodej p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a postav ve h\u0159e pomoc\u00ed t\u00e9to blockchainov\u00e9 technologie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blockchainov\u00e9 hry jsou tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1ny NFT hry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00ed hry tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148ovaly vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat mince nebo body ve h\u0159e, ale tyto byly pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 pouze ve h\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, p\u0159edm\u011bty (NFT) z\u00edskan\u00e9 v blockchainov\u00e9 h\u0159e maj\u00ed vlastnost, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 je p\u0159ev\u00e9st na skute\u010dn\u00e9 pen\u00edze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Blockchainove_hry_a_NFT\"><\/span>Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a NFT<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Polo\u017eky a postavy obchodovan\u00e9 v blockchainov\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch nejsou samotn\u00e1 data t\u011bchto polo\u017eek a postav, ale NFT, kter\u00e9 jsou s t\u011bmito daty spojeny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NFT je zkratka pro Non-Fungible Token, co\u017e v p\u0159ekladu znamen\u00e1 &#8220;nefungibiln\u00ed token&#8221;, a obchoduje se na trhu s NFT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/nft-regulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jak\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed regulace se vztahuj\u00ed na NFT, vysv\u011btluje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NFT je n\u011bco jako certifik\u00e1t spojen\u00fd s daty. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed data lze snadno duplikovat, tak\u017ee nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee jsou jedine\u010dn\u00e1. D\u00edky p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed NFT se v\u0161ak stalo mo\u017en\u00fdm prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee tato data jsou jedine\u010dn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Blockchainove_hry_a_japonsky_zakon_o_oznacovani_vyher_Zakon_o_prevenci_nespravedlivych_vyher_a_zavadejicich_oznaceni\"><\/span>Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdher (Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00fdch v\u00fdher a zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch ozna\u010den\u00ed)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdher (Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00fdch v\u00fdher a zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch ozna\u010den\u00ed) je z\u00e1konem, kter\u00fd reguluje zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed a nadm\u011brn\u00e9 nab\u00eddky v\u00fdher s c\u00edlem chr\u00e1nit spot\u0159ebitele. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budeme zab\u00fdvat probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se blockchainov\u00fdch her z hlediska tohoto z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_nespravneho_zobrazeni_podle_Japonskeho_zakona_o_oznacovani_cen\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho zobrazen\u00ed podle Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed se d\u011bl\u00ed na dv\u011b kategorie: &#8220;zobrazen\u00ed vedouc\u00ed k nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu pochopen\u00ed kvality&#8221; a &#8220;zobrazen\u00ed vedouc\u00ed k nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu pochopen\u00ed v\u00fdhod&#8221;. Tyto kategorie jsou definov\u00e1ny jako &#8220;nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kvality, standard\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch aspekt\u016f produkt\u016f nebo slu\u017eeb&#8221; a &#8220;nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se cen a dal\u0161\u00edch obchodn\u00edch podm\u00ednek produkt\u016f nebo slu\u017eeb&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b blockchainov\u00fdch her m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Zobrazen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vlastnick\u00e1 pr\u00e1va k digit\u00e1ln\u00edm dat\u016fm spojen\u00fdm s NFT p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed na hr\u00e1\u010de, i kdy\u017e to ve skute\u010dnosti nen\u00ed pravda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zobrazen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee hr\u00e1\u010di budou vyplaceny velk\u00e9 poplatky, i kdy\u017e to ve skute\u010dnosti nen\u00ed pravda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Takov\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u011b spadat pod nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V reklam\u00e1ch a podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch pou\u017eit\u00ed blockchainov\u00fdch her bychom m\u011bli b\u00fdt opatrn\u00ed, abychom nezav\u00e1d\u011bli spot\u0159ebitele nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdm zobrazen\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_ktere_spadaji_pod_prehnane_darky_podle_japonskeho_zakona_o_oznacovani_cen_Japanese_Premiums_Display_Act\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 d\u00e1rky podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen (Japanese Premiums Display Act)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen je &#8220;d\u00e1rek&#8221; definov\u00e1n n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>(1) Jako prost\u0159edek k p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2) kter\u00fd poskytuje podnikatel v souvislosti s obchodem s vlastn\u00edmi zbo\u017e\u00edm nebo slu\u017ebami,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(3) ve form\u011b zbo\u017e\u00ed, pen\u011bz nebo jin\u00e9ho ekonomick\u00e9ho prosp\u011bchu.<\/p>\n<cite>Agentura pro ochranu spot\u0159ebitele (Japanese Consumer Agency)\uff5c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caa.go.jp\/policies\/policy\/representation\/fair_labeling\/premium_regulation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">P\u0159ehled regulace d\u00e1rk\u016f[ja]<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Agentura pro ochranu spot\u0159ebitele\uff1ePolitika\uff1eSeznam politik (Pr\u00e1ce Agentury pro ochranu spot\u0159ebitele)\uff1eOpat\u0159en\u00ed proti zobrazen\u00ed\uff1eZ\u00e1kon o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen\uff1eP\u0159ehled regulace d\u00e1rk\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caa.go.jp\/policies\/policy\/representation\/fair_labeling\/premium_regulation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.caa.go.jp\/policies\/policy\/representation\/fair_labeling\/premium_regulation\/[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je to takto definov\u00e1no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud se jedn\u00e1 o d\u00e1rek, je stanovena maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stka, kterou lze poskytnout jako d\u00e1rek, a pokud je poskytnut d\u00e1rek p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed tuto \u010d\u00e1stku, Agentura pro ochranu spot\u0159ebitele m\u016f\u017ee omezit nebo zak\u00e1zat poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto d\u00e1rku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1rky jsou rozd\u011bleny do t\u0159\u00ed kategori\u00ed: &#8220;obecn\u00e1 loterie&#8221;, &#8220;spole\u010dn\u00e1 loterie&#8221; a &#8220;celkov\u00e9 d\u00e1rky&#8221;, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 jinou maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de definice d\u00e1rku (2) &#8220;podnikatel poskytuje v souvislosti s obchodem s vlastn\u00edmi zbo\u017e\u00edm nebo slu\u017ebami&#8221;, je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee hry na blockchainu, jako jsou gacha, jsou zahrnuty do obchodu, a proto se nepova\u017euj\u00ed za &#8220;poskytovan\u00e9 v souvislosti s obchodem&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak tzv. &#8220;kompletn\u00ed gacha&#8221; (prodej polo\u017eek ozna\u010den\u00fdch dv\u011bma nebo v\u00edce p\u00edsmeny, obr\u00e1zky, symboly atd., kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed polo\u017eku v z\u00e1vislosti na jejich kombinaci) mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za &#8220;kombinaci karet&#8221; podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen a jsou zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n[Reference] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.caa.go.jp\/policies\/policy\/representation\/fair_labeling\/guideline\/pdf\/120518premiums_1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">O &#8216;kompletn\u00ed gacha&#8217; v online hr\u00e1ch a regulaci d\u00e1rk\u016f podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen[ja]<\/a> (Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed Agentury pro ochranu spot\u0159ebitele ze dne 18. kv\u011btna 2012 (rok 24 Heisei))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho, pokud jde o odm\u011bny za p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9 p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu placen\u00fdch NFT nebo odm\u011bny ud\u011blen\u00e9 nejlep\u0161\u00edm hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm v \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku, mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za d\u00e1rky, tak\u017ee je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed posouzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud je po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n turnaj v blockchainov\u00e9 h\u0159e a jako odm\u011bna je poskytnut NFT, pokud je hr\u00e1\u010d, kter\u00fd z\u00edsk\u00e1 tuto odm\u011bnu, pova\u017eov\u00e1n za profesion\u00e1la, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za &#8220;odm\u011bnu za pr\u00e1ci&#8221; a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nespad\u00e1 pod d\u00e1rky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/game-random-complete-illegal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Podrobn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d je &#8216;kompletn\u00ed gacha&#8217; neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed a jeho vztahu k japonsk\u00e9mu z\u00e1konu o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pokuty_za_poruseni_Japonskeho_zakona_o_oznacovani_cen\"><\/span>Pokuty za poru\u0161en\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b podez\u0159en\u00ed na poru\u0161en\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen, prov\u00e1d\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Japonsk\u00e1 agentura pro ochranu spot\u0159ebitel\u016f. Pokud je na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed potvrzeno poru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto z\u00e1kona, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyd\u00e1no administrativn\u00ed pokyn nebo na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pokud na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebylo dodr\u017eeno, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017eena pokuta a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e 3 miliard jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech vyd\u00e1no na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o zaplacen\u00ed pokuty, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee pro podniky znamenat velk\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Blockchainove_hry_a_hazardni_hry\"><\/span>Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a hazardn\u00ed hry<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/shutterstock_2114041259.png\" alt=\"Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a hazardn\u00ed hry\" class=\"wp-image-50104\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazardn\u00ed hry jsou trestn\u00e9 \u010diny regulovan\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky 185 a 186 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona. Zde se budeme zab\u00fdvat ot\u00e1zkou, zda se blockchainov\u00e9 hry a NFT hry mohou kvalifikovat jako hazardn\u00ed hry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mohou_se_blockchainove_hry_kvalifikovat_jako_hazardni_hry\"><\/span>Mohou se blockchainov\u00e9 hry kvalifikovat jako hazardn\u00ed hry?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazardn\u00ed hry jsou definov\u00e1ny jako:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Aktivity dvou nebo v\u00edce osob<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kter\u00e9 s\u00e1z\u00ed na v\u011bci s majetkovou hodnotou<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A jejich\u017e v\u00fdsledek je ur\u010den n\u00e1hodou<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tato definice plat\u00ed i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se s\u00e1z\u00ed na v\u011bci ur\u010den\u00e9 pro do\u010dasnou z\u00e1bavu (j\u00eddlo, n\u00e1poje atd.), kter\u00e9 se nepova\u017euj\u00ed za hazardn\u00ed hry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazardn\u00ed hry vy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast dvou nebo v\u00edce osob, tak\u017ee pokud si jedna osoba vytvo\u0159\u00ed hru a hraje ji sama, nekvalifikuje se to jako hazardn\u00ed hra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00e1zen\u00ed na v\u011bci bez majetkov\u00e9 hodnoty nen\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1no za hazardn\u00ed hry, ale pokud jsou NFT uzn\u00e1ny jako majetek, mohou se st\u00e1t p\u0159edm\u011btem hazardn\u00edch her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee pokud hr\u00e1\u010di NFT hry z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed NFT s c\u00edlem je sm\u011bnit za pen\u00edze, budou uzn\u00e1ny jako majetek. I kdy\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bt finan\u010dn\u00ed transakce pouze v r\u00e1mci hry, je t\u0159eba b\u00fdt opatrn\u00fd, proto\u017ee mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za majetek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;V\u00fdsledek ur\u010den\u00fd n\u00e1hodou&#8221; m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat nejen p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy NFT, kter\u00e9 hr\u00e1\u010d m\u016f\u017ee z\u00edskat, jsou ur\u010deny &#8220;gachou&#8221; (n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm v\u00fdb\u011brem), ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy jsou NFT ud\u011bleny pouze hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed dokon\u010dili ur\u010ditou hru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Sout\u011b\u017e o zisk a ztr\u00e1tu&#8221; se vztahuje na situaci, kdy v\u00edce osob nese riziko ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159i s\u00e1zce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, hry, ve kter\u00fdch m\u016f\u017ee vyj\u00edt NFT s hodnotou ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hodnota pen\u011bz atd. vynalo\u017een\u00fdch na &#8220;gachu&#8221;, se mohou kvalifikovat jako takov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, pokud je zaru\u010deno, \u017ee vyjde NFT s hodnotou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hodnota pen\u011bz atd. vynalo\u017een\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010dem, nebo pokud hr\u00e1\u010d m\u016f\u017ee u\u017e\u00edvat hru d\u00edky NFT z\u00edskan\u00e9mu z &#8220;gachy&#8221;, m\u016f\u017ee se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee nedo\u0161lo ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b, a tedy se nemus\u00ed jednat o hazardn\u00ed hru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, s\u00e1zen\u00ed na v\u011bci ur\u010den\u00e9 pro do\u010dasnou z\u00e1bavu nen\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1no za hazardn\u00ed hry, ale zda se NFT kvalifikuj\u00ed jako &#8220;v\u011bci ur\u010den\u00e9 pro do\u010dasnou z\u00e1bavu&#8221; je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nejasn\u00e9, proto\u017ee neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 precedentn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady ani jednotn\u00fd n\u00e1zor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/esports-tournament-prize-money-gambling-offenses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Je cena za e-sportovn\u00ed turnaj hazardn\u00ed hra? Jak poskytovat ceny v souladu se z\u00e1konem[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tresty_za_hazardni_hry\"><\/span>Tresty za hazardn\u00ed hry<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud je prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee do\u0161lo k hazardn\u00ed h\u0159e, osoba m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pokutov\u00e1na a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e 500 000 jen\u016f nebo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017eena pokuta (\u010dl\u00e1nek 185 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Osoby, kter\u00e9 se pravideln\u011b v\u011bnuj\u00ed hazardn\u00edm hr\u00e1m, mohou b\u00fdt odsouzeny k trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na t\u0159i roky, zat\u00edmco osoby, kter\u00e9 otev\u0159ely kasino nebo se spojily s hazardn\u00edmi hr\u00e1\u010di za \u00fa\u010delem zisku, mohou b\u00fdt odsouzeny k trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu od t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f do p\u011bti let (\u010dl\u00e1nek 186 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud existuje pravidelnost, trest je t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale i kdy\u017e byla hazardn\u00ed hra provedena pouze jednou, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pravidelnost uzn\u00e1na v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u010dtu hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f hry nebo na zisku z prodeje, tak\u017ee je t\u0159eba b\u00fdt opatrn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti_Pro_konzultace_tykajici_se_pravnich_problemu_blockchainovych_her_se_obratte_na_pravnika\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed: Pro konzultace t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f blockchainov\u00fdch her se obra\u0165te na pr\u00e1vn\u00edka<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Blockchainov\u00e9 hry a NFT hry se v mnoha ohledech li\u0161\u00ed od tradi\u010dn\u00edch online her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V z\u00e1vislosti na zp\u016fsobu zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed reklam nebo poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed bonus\u016f m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k pr\u00e1vn\u00edm rizik\u016fm. Pokud m\u00e1te jak\u00e9koliv ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f blockchainov\u00fdch her, doporu\u010dujeme se co nejd\u0159\u00edve poradit s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd je dob\u0159e obezn\u00e1men s IT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\"><\/span>P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolis je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed s vysokou odbornost\u00ed v oblasti IT, zejm\u00e9na internetu a pr\u00e1va. Na\u0161e kancel\u00e1\u0159 poskytuje komplexn\u00ed podporu pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s kryptom\u011bnami a blockchainem. Podrobnosti naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/blockchain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/blockchain[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V posledn\u00edch letech se objevuj\u00ed blockchainov\u00e9 hry (NFT hry), kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed technologii blockchainu pro prodej a spr\u00e1vu polo\u017eek ve h\u0159e. Nap\u0159\u00edklad hra &#8220;Axie Infinity&#8221; se rychle stala st\u0159ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":64129,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[20,19],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61158"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61158"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64130,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61158\/revisions\/64130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61158"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}