{"id":61240,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:57","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61240"},"modified":"2024-03-27T15:28:54","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T06:28:54","slug":"copyright-various-texts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/copyright-various-texts","title":{"rendered":"Probl\u00e9my s autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy na texty a elektronick\u00e9 po\u0161ty zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 na internetu, jako jsou blogy a diskuzn\u00ed f\u00f3ra"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Na textu, kter\u00fd napsala ur\u010dit\u00e1 osoba, vznik\u00e1 &#8220;autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo&#8221;. Pokud n\u011bkdo bez povolen\u00ed p\u0159evezme text, kter\u00fd napsal n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd, tedy text, na kter\u00e9m m\u00e1 dan\u00e1 osoba autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, vznik\u00e1 probl\u00e9m poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. V tomto smyslu m\u016f\u017ee osoba, kter\u00e1 napsala text, &#8220;exkluzivn\u011b&#8221; ovl\u00e1dat pr\u00e1vo na jeho publikaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, pokud n\u011bkdo napsal ur\u010dit\u00fd text, jin\u00fdm lidem u\u017e nen\u00ed dovoleno napsat stejn\u00fd text. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud by na jednoduch\u00e9m faktu, jako je &#8220;Po\u010das\u00ed dne Reiwa (2019) \u25cf rok \u25cf m\u011bs\u00edc \u25cf den bylo jasn\u00e9, teplota byla 23,4 stupn\u011b a vlhkost byla 50%&#8221;, vzniklo autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, jin\u00fdm lidem by u\u017e nebylo dovoleno napsat stejn\u00fd text. To by bylo z\u0159ejm\u011b nepraktick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va nejsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na pro v\u0161echny druhy text\u016f. V pr\u00e1vn\u00ed terminologii se tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 &#8220;autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;. Podm\u00ednkou pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na ur\u010dit\u00fd text (atd.) je, \u017ee tomuto textu jsou uzn\u00e1na &#8220;autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00fd je rozsah uzn\u00e1n\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na r\u016fzn\u00e9 texty, kter\u00e9 lze vid\u011bt na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch a podobn\u011b? V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku p\u0159edstavujeme p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy byla autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va zpochybn\u011bna v souvislosti se z\u00e1znamy ze soudn\u00edch p\u0159el\u00ed\u010den\u00ed, anonymn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na internetov\u00fdch diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3rech, informacemi o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a elektronickou po\u0161tou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/copyright-various-texts\/#Pripad_soudniho_zaznamu\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad soudn\u00edho z\u00e1znamu\">P\u0159\u00edpad soudn\u00edho z\u00e1znamu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/copyright-various-texts\/#Pripad_prispevku_na_internetovem_diskuznim_foru\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na internetov\u00e9m diskuzn\u00edm f\u00f3ru\">P\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na internetov\u00e9m diskuzn\u00edm f\u00f3ru<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/copyright-various-texts\/#Pripad_informaci_o_zmene_zamestnani\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad informac\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed\">P\u0159\u00edpad informac\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/copyright-various-texts\/#Pripad_e-mailu\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad e-mail\u016f\">P\u0159\u00edpad e-mail\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/copyright-various-texts\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_soudniho_zaznamu\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad soudn\u00edho z\u00e1znamu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_245571307-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9412\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Do\u0161lo k p\u0159\u00edpadu, kdy \u017ealobce zve\u0159ejnil soudn\u00ed z\u00e1znam na internetu a \u010dl\u00e1nek na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto z\u00e1znamu byl bez povolen\u00ed duplikov\u00e1n a zve\u0159ejn\u011bn na blogu. \u017dalobce tvrdil, \u017ee byla poru\u0161ena jeho autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na soudn\u00ed z\u00e1znam a po\u017eadoval od &#8220;Yahoo! Blogu&#8221; odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli a odstran\u011bn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce shrnul v\u00fdsledky sv\u011bdectv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo provedeno b\u011bhem \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho sly\u0161en\u00ed o p\u0159\u00edpadu poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s cenn\u00fdmi pap\u00edry proti Takafumi Horieovi na soud\u011b v Tokiu, a zve\u0159ejnil je na internetu jako soudn\u00ed z\u00e1znam. Tento z\u00e1znam byl bez povolen\u00ed \u017ealobce p\u0159evzat t\u0159et\u00ed stranou a zve\u0159ejn\u011bn na blogu s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Yahoo! Blog &#8211; Den\u00edk ob\u011bt\u00ed Livedoor&#8221; na &#8220;Yahoo! Blogu&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed instance zam\u00edtla \u017ealobu s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee soudn\u00ed z\u00e1znam \u017ealobce nespad\u00e1 pod &#8220;d\u00edlo&#8221; podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 odst. 1 bod 1 japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech. \u017dalobce se odvolal, ale odvolac\u00ed soud se odvolal na \u010dl\u00e1nek 10 odst. 2 bod 2 japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, kter\u00fd uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee &#8220;zpr\u00e1vy a zpravodajstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou pouze p\u0159enosem skute\u010dnost\u00ed, nespadaj\u00ed pod d\u00edla uveden\u00e1 v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm odstavci bodu 1.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Pokud je obsah vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed v popisu nebo jin\u00e9m jazykov\u00e9m vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b &#8216;faktem&#8217; (v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b &#8216;fakt&#8217; odkazuje na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed situaci, stav nebo existenci, nap\u0159\u00edklad &#8216;kdo co kdy a kde \u0159ekl&#8217;, &#8216;n\u011bco existuje&#8217;, &#8216;jak\u00fd je stav n\u011b\u010deho&#8217;), a je pops\u00e1n tak, jak je, bez zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed nebo n\u00e1zoru, pak to nen\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed &#8216;my\u0161lenek nebo emoc\u00ed&#8217; autora.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>Vyso\u010dina soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, 11. prosince 2008 (rok 2008)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud pot\u00e9 podrobn\u011b prozkoumal kreativitu jednotliv\u00fdch popis\u016f v soudn\u00edm z\u00e1znamu vytvo\u0159en\u00e9m \u017ealobcem (soudn\u00ed z\u00e1znam \u017ealobce) a pop\u0159el jeho charakter d\u00edla, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zam\u00edtl po\u017eadavek na odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed a odstran\u011bn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku. D\u00edlo je &#8220;kreativn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed my\u0161lenek nebo emoc\u00ed&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 2 odst. 1 japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech) a vy\u017eaduje kreativitu jako jeho podm\u00ednku. Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee soud nezam\u00edtl charakter d\u00edla pro soudn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy obecn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/disclosure-of-the-senders-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/disclosure-of-the-senders-information[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_prispevku_na_internetovem_diskuznim_foru\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na internetov\u00e9m diskuzn\u00edm f\u00f3ru<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_407179981-1024x731.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9413\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy \u017ealobci, kte\u0159\u00ed napsali text na diskuzn\u00edm f\u00f3ru na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, tvrdili, \u017ee jejich autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va byla poru\u0161ena, kdy\u017e \u017ealovan\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zkop\u00edrovali (p\u0159evzali) tento text, vytvo\u0159ili z n\u011bj knihu a publikovali ji. \u017dalobci po\u017eadovali zastaven\u00ed publikace knihy a platbu od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed. Akciov\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 provozuje informa\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s informa\u010dn\u00edm pr\u016fmyslem, vydavatelsk\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed atd., provozovala jako jednu ze sv\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed \u010dlenskou organizaci pro p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed a v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed mezi milovn\u00edky hotel\u016f. Na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch m\u011bla diskuzn\u00ed f\u00f3rum, kde \u010dlenov\u00e9 psali texty pod pseudonymy a vym\u011b\u0148ovali si informace. Deset z nich podalo \u017ealobu na poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud nejprve uvedl, \u017ee i kdy\u017e je d\u00edlo publikov\u00e1no anonymn\u011b, to nebr\u00e1n\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed jeho autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v podle z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech (japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>D\u00edlo, kter\u00e9 je chr\u00e1n\u011bno podle z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt &#8220;kreativn\u00edm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm my\u0161lenek nebo emoc\u00ed&#8221;.<br>&#8220;Vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed my\u0161lenek nebo emoc\u00ed&#8221; nezahrnuje p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy jsou fakta jednodu\u0161e pops\u00e1na, ale pokud jsou fakta pou\u017eita jako materi\u00e1l, sta\u010d\u00ed, pokud je vyj\u00e1d\u0159en n\u011bjak\u00fd n\u00e1zor nebo hodnocen\u00ed autora na fakta. Krom\u011b toho, aby bylo n\u011bco &#8220;kreativn\u011b vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno&#8221;, sta\u010d\u00ed, pokud je projevena n\u011bjak\u00e1 individualita autora, a nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9, aby byla projevena originalita v p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9m smyslu. Na druhou stranu, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b d\u011bl slo\u017een\u00fdch z jazyka, pokud jsou velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, nebo pokud jsou omezeny formou vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, tak\u017ee nelze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat jin\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, nebo pokud je vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a oby\u010dejn\u00e9, nelze je pova\u017eovat za kreativn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, proto\u017ee nevykazuj\u00ed individualitu autora.<\/p>\n<cite> Rozsudek Okresn\u00edho soudu v Tokiu ze dne 15. dubna 2002 (rok 2002 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud tedy posoudil, zda texty \u017ealobc\u016f maj\u00ed autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va z tohoto hlediska, a uznal, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti text\u016f \u017ealobc\u016f jsou &#8220;kreativn\u00edm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm my\u0161lenek nebo emoc\u00ed&#8221;, proto\u017ee v nich je projevena individualita autora. Soud na\u0159\u00eddil \u017ealovan\u00fdm zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a zni\u010dit knihu a zak\u00e1zal jej\u00ed publikaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako p\u0159\u00edklad textu \u017ealovan\u00fdch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Pl\u00e1nuji cestu do asijsk\u00e9ho letoviska na nejv\u00fd\u0161e dev\u011bt dn\u00ed v l\u00e9t\u011b. Moje prvn\u00ed volba je Ubud. Ale m\u016fj spole\u010dn\u00edk \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee by se mu v Ubudu po dev\u00edti dnech ur\u010dit\u011b omrzelo.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159evzat\u00fd text byl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Pl\u00e1nuji cestu do asijsk\u00e9ho letoviska na nejv\u00fd\u0161e dev\u011bt dn\u00ed v l\u00e9t\u011b. Moje prvn\u00ed volba je Ubudu, ale m\u016fj spole\u010dn\u00edk \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee by se mu v Ubudu po dev\u00edti dnech ur\u010dit\u011b omrzelo.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento rozsudek byl prvn\u00edm, kter\u00fd uznal autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na texty na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, a rozhodl, \u017ee neexistuje d\u016fvod pro rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi texty na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch a obecn\u00fdmi texty p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed existence autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_informaci_o_zmene_zamestnani\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad informac\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_653243296-1-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9414\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Do\u0161lo k p\u0159\u00edpadu, kdy \u017ealobce, spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 vytvo\u0159ila a zve\u0159ejnila texty o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed na sv\u00e9m webu, tvrdila, \u017ee byla poru\u0161ena jej\u00ed autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (pr\u00e1vo na reprodukci, pr\u00e1vo na adaptaci, pr\u00e1vo na zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti) a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1va autora (pr\u00e1vo na zachov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity), kdy\u017e \u017ealovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost bez povolen\u00ed kop\u00edrovala nebo adaptovala a p\u0159evzala tyto texty na sv\u016fj web. \u017dalobce po\u017eadoval zastaven\u00ed publikace a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. \u017dalobce, spole\u010dnost poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed informace o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek a dal\u0161\u00edch online n\u00e1stroj\u016f, provedla rozhovor na \u017e\u00e1dost podnikatele (Chantilly), kter\u00fd cht\u011bl zve\u0159ejnit informace o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, vytvo\u0159ila text a zve\u0159ejnila ho jako informace o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. \u017dalovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost pak p\u0159ijala objedn\u00e1vku od stejn\u00e9ho podnikatele na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed reklamy na zm\u011bnu zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a jej\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed na webu a kop\u00edrovala nebo adaptovala a p\u0159evzala text \u017ealobce o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud rozhodl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;P\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed reklamy na zm\u011bnu zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed pro Chantilly bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee bylo vynalo\u017eeno mnoho \u00fasil\u00ed na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdrazov\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159itahovaly z\u00e1jem \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00edm, \u017ee byly uvedeny charakteristiky spole\u010dnosti, jako je obsah zak\u00e1zky, p\u016fvod spole\u010dnosti zalo\u017een\u00e9 in\u017een\u00fdrem, a tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee byly uvedeny po\u017eadavky na n\u00e1bor, jako je typ pr\u00e1ce, obsah pr\u00e1ce, uspokojen\u00ed z pr\u00e1ce, n\u00e1ro\u010dnost pr\u00e1ce, pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 kvalifikace, typ zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee byly uvedeny konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady, zm\u011bn\u011bn styl psan\u00ed, a uk\u00e1z\u00e1ny charakteristick\u00e9 titulky, jako je &#8216;st\u00e1le prioritou jsou in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i&#8217;, &#8216;od in\u017een\u00fdra ve druh\u00e9m roce po n\u00e1stupu do pr\u00e1ce&#8217;.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Soudn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 22. \u0159\u00edjna 2003 (2003)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee bylo vynalo\u017eeno mnoho kreativn\u00edho \u00fasil\u00ed na v\u00fdrazov\u00e9 metody, jako je pou\u017eit\u00ed ot\u00e1zek, kter\u00e9 p\u0159itahuj\u00ed z\u00e1jem \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f, nebo ukon\u010den\u00ed textu tak, \u017ee zanech\u00e1v\u00e1 dojem, a \u017ee se projevila individualita autora&#8221;, a potvrdil, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o d\u00edlo chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 autorsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem. Soud na\u0159\u00eddil zaplatit \u010d\u00e1stku 150 000 jen\u016f jako \u010d\u00e1stku, kterou je t\u0159eba zaplatit za vyu\u017eit\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, a 500 000 jen\u016f za n\u00e1klady na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed, celkem 650 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost tvrdila, \u017ee informace o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed byly vytvo\u0159eny na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhovoru s podnikatelem, tak\u017ee autorem je podnikatel, nikoli \u017ealobce, a \u017ee i kdyby byl \u017ealobce autorem, je pouze spoluautorem. Soud v\u0161ak uvedl, \u017ee autorem je ten, kdo se skute\u010dn\u011b pod\u00edlel na tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed \u010dinnosti spojen\u00e9 s dan\u00fdm d\u00edlem, a \u017ee ten, kdo pouze poskytl n\u00e1pady nebo materi\u00e1ly pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed d\u00edla, nen\u00ed autorem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f informac\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealobce je:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Je to p\u0159\u00edpad, kter\u00fd vede k zlep\u0161en\u00ed dovednost\u00ed in\u017een\u00fdra&#8230;<br>M\u016f\u017eete z\u00edskat pracovn\u00ed znalosti a know-how, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed v kari\u00e9\u0159e&#8230;<br>Je v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed a podm\u00ednky spl\u0148uj\u00ed va\u0161e p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed&#8230;<br>Kdy\u017e je dokon\u010den jeden projekt, je to pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje in\u017een\u00fdrovi, kter\u00fd se na n\u011bm pod\u00edlel, c\u00edtit hlubok\u00e9 uspokojen\u00ed ze v\u0161ech aspekt\u016f.<br>To jsou krit\u00e9ria, kter\u00e1 Chantilly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A informace o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, kter\u00e9 byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za kopii, jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Je to p\u0159\u00edpad, kter\u00fd vede k zlep\u0161en\u00ed dovednost\u00ed in\u017een\u00fdra&#8230;<br>M\u016f\u017eete z\u00edskat pracovn\u00ed znalosti a know-how, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed v kari\u00e9\u0159e&#8230;<br>Je v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed a podm\u00ednky spl\u0148uj\u00ed va\u0161e p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed&#8230;<br>Kdy\u017e je dokon\u010den jeden projekt, je to pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje in\u017een\u00fdrovi, kter\u00fd se na n\u011bm pod\u00edlel, c\u00edtit hlubok\u00e9 uspokojen\u00ed ze v\u0161ech aspekt\u016f.<br>To jsou krit\u00e9ria, kter\u00e1 Chantilly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p> To bylo to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/quote-text-and-images-without-infringing-copyright\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/quote-text-and-images-without-infringing-copyright[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_e-mailu\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad e-mail\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_572643571-1024x669.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9415\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Autor, kter\u00fd m\u011bl homosexu\u00e1ln\u00ed vztah s Yukio Mishimou, vydal autobiografick\u00fd rom\u00e1n, ve kter\u00e9m popisuje sv\u016fj vztah s Mishimou. V knize bylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bno 15 dosud nepublikovan\u00fdch dopis\u016f a pohlednic od Mishimy (d\u00e1le jen &#8220;dopisy&#8221;). D\u011bti Mishimy, kter\u00e9 jsou podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 116 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona (Japanese Copyright Law) ochr\u00e1nci osobn\u00edch pr\u00e1v autora po jeho smrti, podaly \u017ealobu na zastaven\u00ed publikace a distribuce, zni\u010den\u00ed knih a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed kv\u016fli poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na publikaci Mishimy (\u010dl\u00e1nek 60 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto soudn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b soud uznal, \u017ee dopisy, ve kter\u00fdch jsou vyj\u00e1d\u0159eny r\u016fzn\u00e9 emoce, n\u00e1zory na \u017eivot a sv\u011btov\u00fd n\u00e1zor, jsou jasn\u011b individu\u00e1ln\u00edm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm my\u0161lenek a emoc\u00ed Yukia Mishimy, a to i p\u0159esto, \u017ee jsou vyj\u00e1d\u0159eny prost\u00fdmi slovy, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed od liter\u00e1rn\u00edch d\u011bl (rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu ze dne 23. kv\u011btna 2000 (Gregorian calendar year)). Je tedy mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee e-maily mohou b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1ny jako d\u00edla?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy \u017ealobce, kter\u00fd byl v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm \u010dlenem n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 skupiny, po\u017eadoval od poskytovatele internetu odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli, proto\u017ee e-mail, kter\u00fd poslal \u010dlen\u016fm p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 skupiny, byl p\u0159eti\u0161t\u011bn na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce &#8220;Skute\u010dn\u00e1 podstata skupiny&#8221; pod n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Existuj\u00ed hrozby a n\u00e1tlak?&#8221; a byla poru\u0161ena autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a pr\u00e1va autora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd poskytovatel internetu tvrdil, \u017ee e-mail je pouze &#8220;p\u0159enos fakt\u016f a zpr\u00e1v o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch ud\u00e1lostech&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 10 odstavec 2 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona) a \u017ee v\u00fdrazy v e-mailu jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a oby\u010dejn\u00e9 a nevyjad\u0159uj\u00ed individualitu autora, a proto nejsou d\u00edlem. Soud v\u0161ak uznal, \u017ee e-mail obsahuje individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdrazy, jako jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Napi\u0161me co nejv\u00edce &#8216;loutkov\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed&#8217;!&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;Mnoho z v\u00e1s se kone\u010dn\u011b dostalo do &#8216;loutkov\u00e9 n\u00e1lady&#8217;, \u017ee?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;Nen\u00ed tento cenn\u00fd \u010das, ne\u017e n\u00e1m pan B zprost\u0159edkuje &#8216;Ise Shinto ritu\u00e1ly&#8217;, \u010dasem, kdy n\u00e1m dovol\u00ed napsat v\u00edce a v\u00edce &#8216;loutkov\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed&#8217;?&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud d\u00e1le uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;E-mail se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z n\u011bkolika v\u011bt a nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee by byl stejn\u00fd bez ohledu na to, kdo ho napsal. Proto je e-mail uzn\u00e1n jako jazykov\u00e9 d\u00edlo. Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee obsah e-mailu je pouze p\u0159enos fakt\u016f a zpr\u00e1v o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch ud\u00e1lostech, ale e-mail obsahuje individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdrazy a nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee je pouze p\u0159enos fakt\u016f a zpr\u00e1v o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch ud\u00e1lostech.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud uznal e-mail za d\u00edlo a proto\u017ee &#8220;\u010dl\u00e1nek udr\u017euje podstatn\u00e9 charakteristiky v\u00fdrazu e-mailu a \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 \u010dl\u00e1nku m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159\u00edmo vn\u00edmat podstatn\u00e9 charakteristiky v\u00fdrazu e-mailu, \u010dl\u00e1nek je uzn\u00e1n jako hmotn\u00e1 reprodukce e-mailu&#8221;. Soud na\u0159\u00eddil poskytovateli internetu odhalit informace o odes\u00edlateli, proto\u017ee \u017ealobce projevil z\u00e1m\u011br uplatnit pr\u00e1vo na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud vych\u00e1z\u00edme z obecn\u00e9ho pochopen\u00ed dopis\u016f, nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee e-mail pouze p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 &#8220;fakta&#8221;, tak\u017ee je samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee n\u00e1mitky ob\u017ealovan\u00e9ho byly zam\u00edtnuty. I kdy\u017e jsou vyj\u00e1d\u0159eny &#8220;my\u0161lenky nebo emoce&#8221;, pokud nejsou tvo\u0159iv\u00e9, nejsou uzn\u00e1ny jako d\u00edla. Rozsudek se t\u00edmto bodem nezab\u00fdv\u00e1, ale uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee e-mail je d\u00edlo na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed, \u017ee &#8220;nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee by byl stejn\u00fd bez ohledu na to, kdo ho napsal&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ot\u00e1zka, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry je uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va r\u016fzn\u00fdch text\u016f na internetu, je velmi slo\u017eit\u00e1. Pokud m\u00e1te p\u0159esn\u00e9 znalosti o citov\u00e1n\u00ed a citujete spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, nen\u00ed obvykle probl\u00e9m. Av\u0161ak bezmy\u0161lenkovit\u00e9 kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed text\u016f z blog\u016f jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed, \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch nebo e-mail\u016f od ostatn\u00edch a jejich p\u0159epos\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed na vlastn\u00ed blog nebo soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b je velmi riskantn\u00ed. Pokud si n\u00e1hodou uv\u011bdom\u00edte, \u017ee poru\u0161ujete autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed, nebo naopak se domn\u00edv\u00e1te, \u017ee va\u0161e pr\u00e1va mohou b\u00fdt poru\u0161ena, obra\u0165te se na zku\u0161en\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edka. Je nutn\u00e9 jednat rychle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Na textu, kter\u00fd napsala ur\u010dit\u00e1 osoba, vznik\u00e1 &#8220;autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo&#8221;. Pokud n\u011bkdo bez povolen\u00ed p\u0159evezme text, kter\u00fd napsal n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd, tedy text, na kter\u00e9m m\u00e1 dan\u00e1 osoba autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, vznik\u00e1 pr [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63499,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61240"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61240"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63500,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61240\/revisions\/63500"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63499"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}