{"id":61262,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:58","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61262"},"modified":"2024-03-26T07:22:54","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T22:22:54","slug":"publicity-right-on-things","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/publicity-right-on-things","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1 v\u011bc pr\u00e1vo na publicitu?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Co jsou pr\u00e1va na publicitu a kdy vznikaj\u00ed a kdy nejsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1ny, podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlujeme v samostatn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/publicityrights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/publicityrights[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i zva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed majetkov\u00e9 hodnoty, kterou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ita\u017elivost jm\u00e9na nebo portr\u00e9tu pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, je mo\u017en\u00e9 uva\u017eovat, \u017ee tuto p\u0159ita\u017elivost pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edky nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 omezovat pouze na lidi. Pokud m\u00e1 v\u011bc p\u0159ita\u017elivost pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, mohlo by b\u00fdt mo\u017en\u00e9 tvrdit, \u017ee by m\u011bla b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1na pr\u00e1va na publicitu vlastn\u00edkovi t\u00e9to v\u011bci. Pokud se v softwaru pro hry bez povolen\u00ed pou\u017eije skute\u010dn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no baseballist\u016f nebo fotbalist\u016f, dojde k poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v na publicitu, stejn\u011b jako p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed portr\u00e9tu. Co se stane, kdy\u017e se v softwaru pro hry pou\u017eije jm\u00e9no nebo portr\u00e9t z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b, kter\u00fd vlastn\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Slovo pr\u00e1va na publicitu nen\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edm term\u00ednem. Je to relativn\u011b nov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, kter\u00e9 se postupn\u011b st\u00e1v\u00e1 jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a je uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm soudn\u00edch spor\u016f. Pr\u00e1va na publicitu v\u011bci byla tak\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011btem soudn\u00edho sporu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b softwaru pro hry, kter\u00fd byl vyroben bez povolen\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edval n\u00e1zev z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/publicity-right-on-things\/#Pripad_Gallop_Racer_Nagoya_District_Court_leden_2000_Gregorian_calendar_year\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad Gallop Racer (Nagoya District Court, leden 2000 (Gregorian calendar year))\">P\u0159\u00edpad Gallop Racer (Nagoya District Court, leden 2000 (Gregorian calendar year))<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/publicity-right-on-things\/#Pripad_Gallop_Racer_Nagoya_High_Court_brezen_2001_rok_2001_podle_gregorianskeho_kalendare\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad Gallop Racer (Nagoya High Court, b\u0159ezen 2001 (rok 2001 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e))\">P\u0159\u00edpad Gallop Racer (Nagoya High Court, b\u0159ezen 2001 (rok 2001 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e))<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/publicity-right-on-things\/#Pripad_Derby_Stallion_Tokyo_District_Court_srpen_2001_Gregorian_calendar_year\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad Derby Stallion (Tokyo District Court, srpen 2001 (Gregorian calendar year))\">P\u0159\u00edpad Derby Stallion (Tokyo District Court, srpen 2001 (Gregorian calendar year))<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/publicity-right-on-things\/#Pripad_Derby_Stallion_Tokyo_High_Court_zari_2002_Gregorian_calendar_year\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad Derby Stallion (Tokyo High Court, z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2002 (Gregorian calendar year))\">P\u0159\u00edpad Derby Stallion (Tokyo High Court, z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2002 (Gregorian calendar year))<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/publicity-right-on-things\/#Pripad_%E2%80%9CGallop_Racer%E2%80%9D_Nejvyssi_soud_unor_2004_2004\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;Gallop Racer&#8221; (Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud, \u00fanor 2004 (2004))\">P\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;Gallop Racer&#8221; (Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud, \u00fanor 2004 (2004))<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/publicity-right-on-things\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_Gallop_Racer_Nagoya_District_Court_leden_2000_Gregorian_calendar_year\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad Gallop Racer (Nagoya District Court, leden 2000 (Gregorian calendar year))<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/shutterstock_1045681516-1024x671.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6037\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Je zde naps\u00e1no, zda existuje pr\u00e1vo na publicitu pro v\u011bci.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dvacet dva majitel\u016f z\u00e1vodn\u00edch kon\u00ed podalo \u017ealobu na v\u00fdrobce a prodejce videohry &#8220;Gallop Racer&#8221;, kter\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jm\u00e9na jejich z\u00e1vodn\u00edch kon\u00ed, na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u00e1va na publicitu, po\u017eaduj\u00ed z\u00e1kaz prodeje a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato hra umo\u017e\u0148uje hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm st\u00e1t se \u017eokeji, vybrat si z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b (v\u010detn\u011b kon\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edc\u00edch se na velk\u00fdch z\u00e1vodech G1, G2 a G3 Japonsk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vodn\u00ed asociace) a z\u00e1vodit na obrazovce, kter\u00e1 reprodukuje skute\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1vodn\u00ed dr\u00e1hy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nagoya District Court uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;I kdy\u017e jm\u00e9na &#8216;nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch&#8217; &#8216;v\u011bc\u00ed&#8217; mohou m\u00edt hodnotu publicity, nem\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee &#8216;v\u011bci&#8217; nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd prostor pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va na publicitu. Pr\u00e1vo na publicitu, kter\u00e9 je uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no pro zn\u00e1m\u00e9 osobnosti, je ch\u00e1p\u00e1no jako ekonomick\u00e1 hodnota nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 na pr\u00e1vech osobnosti, jako je pr\u00e1vo na soukrom\u00ed nebo pr\u00e1vo na obraz. Proto neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fvod omezovat v\u011bci s hodnotou publicity na &#8216;zn\u00e1m\u00e9 osobnosti&#8217; s pr\u00e1vy osobnosti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hodnota publicity, kterou maj\u00ed jm\u00e9na t\u011bchto v\u011bc\u00ed, je odvozena z jejich sl\u00e1vy, soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed, pov\u011bdom\u00ed atd., a proto by m\u011bla b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bna jako majetkov\u00fd zisk nebo pr\u00e1vo n\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed vlastn\u00edkovi v\u011bci (jak je uvedeno n\u00ed\u017ee, kdy\u017e v\u011bc zanikne, osoba, kter\u00e1 ji vlastnila, se st\u00e1v\u00e1 dr\u017eitelem pr\u00e1v.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Nagoya District Court, 19. ledna 2000 (Gregorian calendar year)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A uznal pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;p\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u011bc\u00ed je pouze pr\u00e1vo na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 hodnoty, nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi uzn\u00e1no zastaven\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u00e1va na publicitu v\u011bc\u00ed&#8221;, ale &#8220;nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i kdy\u017e jde o pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u011bc\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1no jako pr\u00e1vo nebo z\u00e1jem, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bn podle z\u00e1kona v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1no&#8221;. Proto na\u0159\u00eddil v\u00fdrobci a prodejci, aby vyplatili od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i od 41 412 JPY do 608 420 JPY dvaceti majitel\u016fm z\u00e1vodn\u00edch kon\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u00fa\u010dastnili z\u00e1vodu G1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_Gallop_Racer_Nagoya_High_Court_brezen_2001_rok_2001_podle_gregorianskeho_kalendare\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad Gallop Racer (Nagoya High Court, b\u0159ezen 2001 (rok 2001 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e))<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozhodnut\u00ed odvolac\u00edho soudu v ot\u00e1zce ochrany proti neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed jm\u00e9na kon\u011b podle z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch (japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch) uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee &#8220;ochrana jm\u00e9na kon\u011b, kter\u00e9 bylo registrov\u00e1no jako ochrann\u00e1 zn\u00e1mka podle z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch, je omezena na p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy je registrovan\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 zn\u00e1mka pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na pro vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky nebo slu\u017eby&#8221;. Proto &#8220;k ochran\u011b ekonomick\u00e9ho zisku nebo hodnoty, kter\u00e9 vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed z presti\u017ee, soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed a pov\u011bdom\u00ed o z\u00e1vodn\u00edm koni, kter\u00fd vlastn\u00ed majitel kon\u011b, nen\u00ed ochrana pouze podle z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch dostate\u010dn\u00e1 a je vhodn\u00e9 uznat a chr\u00e1nit pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u011bci za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek&#8221;. Soud podpo\u0159il rozhodnut\u00ed Nagoya District Court, kter\u00fd uznal pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u011bci, ale omezil uzn\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va na publicitu pouze na z\u00e1vodn\u00ed kon\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed vyhr\u00e1li v G1 z\u00e1vodech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de \u017e\u00e1dosti o zastaven\u00ed prodeje, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Pr\u00e1vo na publicitu slavn\u00e9 osoby, kter\u00e9 je \u00fazce spojeno s pr\u00e1vy osobnosti, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1va na soukrom\u00ed a pr\u00e1va na obraz slavn\u00e9 osoby, je uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u017e\u00e1dosti o zastaven\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto pr\u00e1va na publicitu. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u011bci nen\u00ed spojeno s pr\u00e1vy osobnosti vlastn\u00edka v\u011bci, ale s ekonomick\u00fdm ziskem spojen\u00fdm s p\u0159ita\u017elivost\u00ed v\u011bci pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, a nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tedy o\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1no stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem jako pr\u00e1vo na publicitu slavn\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Rozhodnut\u00ed Nagoya High Court, 8. b\u0159ezna 2001<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Tak jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b soudn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed v prvn\u00edm stupni u Nagoya District Court, ani tento soud neuznal toto pr\u00e1vo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_Derby_Stallion_Tokyo_District_Court_srpen_2001_Gregorian_calendar_year\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad Derby Stallion (Tokyo District Court, srpen 2001 (Gregorian calendar year))<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/shutterstock_381079012-1024x796.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6038\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Soud zam\u00edtl pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u016f\u010di v\u011bcem.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dvacet t\u0159i majitel\u016f z\u00e1vodn\u00edch kon\u00ed podalo \u017ealobu na v\u00fdrobce a prodejce simul\u00e1toru chovu z\u00e1vodn\u00edch kon\u00ed &#8220;Derby Stallion&#8221; (celkem \u010dty\u0159i verze), kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edval jm\u00e9na jejich kon\u00ed, na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u00e1va na publicitu, po\u017eaduj\u00edce z\u00e1kaz prodeje a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Tokyo District Court rozhodl, \u017ee &#8220;nem\u016f\u017ee souhlasit s existenc\u00ed &#8216;majetkov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va na exkluzivn\u00ed ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 hodnoty v\u011bci, jako je jej\u00ed schopnost p\u0159itahovat z\u00e1kazn\u00edky&#8217;, jak tvrd\u00ed \u017ealobci&#8221;, a zam\u00edtl pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u016f\u010di v\u011bcem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tokyo District Court uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>1: Pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed exkluzivn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je t\u0159eba z\u00e1kladu v pozitivn\u00edm pr\u00e1vu (v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 nejsou explicitn\u011b uvedeny, jako jsou osobnostn\u00ed pr\u00e1va), ale nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 od\u016fvodnit &#8216;pr\u00e1vo na exkluzivn\u00ed ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 hodnoty v\u011bci&#8217;, kter\u00e9 \u017ealobci tvrd\u00ed, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm pochopen\u00edm fungov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastnick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1v, kter\u00e1 jsou tradi\u010dn\u011b uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na jako exkluzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2: Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed exkluzivn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je t\u0159eba z\u00e1kladu v pozitivn\u00edm pr\u00e1vu, ale vzhledem k celkov\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010delu sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd zavedl syst\u00e9m du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 uznat existenci exkluzivn\u00edho pr\u00e1va v oblasti, kterou nechr\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kon o du\u0161evn\u00edm vlastnictv\u00ed. Nav\u00edc, i kdybychom p\u0159ijali n\u00e1zor, \u017ee existenci exkluzivn\u00edho pr\u00e1va lze uznat i bez explicitn\u00edho z\u00e1kladu, pokud by se dlouhodob\u011b dodr\u017eovala soci\u00e1ln\u00ed praxe respektuj\u00edc\u00ed &#8216;prosp\u011bch z exkluzivn\u00edho ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 hodnoty v\u011bci&#8217;, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 souhlasit s exkluzivn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem, kter\u00e9 \u017ealobci tvrd\u00ed.<\/p>\n<cite>Rozhodnut\u00ed Tokyo District Court ze dne 27. srpna 2001 (Gregorian calendar year)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A d\u00e1le uvedl, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bodu 1 &#8220;takov\u00e1 exkluzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1va jsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy je hodnoceno, \u017ee byla poru\u0161ena osobnostn\u00ed pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 osoba p\u016fvodn\u011b m\u00e1. Na rozd\u00edl od toho, pokud t\u0159et\u00ed strana vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ciz\u00ed v\u011bc, neznamen\u00e1 to okam\u017eit\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1v vlastn\u00edka v\u011bci, tak\u017ee nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 od\u016fvodnit exkluzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1va, jak tvrd\u00ed \u017ealobci, na z\u00e1klad\u011b osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1v.&#8221; A v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bodu 2 tak\u00e9 uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;exkluzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 poskytuje z\u00e1kon o du\u0161evn\u00edm vlastnictv\u00ed, by m\u011bla b\u00fdt ch\u00e1p\u00e1na jako omezen\u00ed na exkluzivn\u00ed ochranu pro dr\u017eitele pr\u00e1v a jako omezen\u00ed na z\u00e1konnost jedn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edch stran. Proto by m\u011blo b\u00fdt jedn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed strany, kter\u00e9 nepat\u0159\u00ed do rozsahu exkluzivn\u00edch pr\u00e1v stanoven\u00fdch z\u00e1konem o du\u0161evn\u00edm vlastnictv\u00ed, pova\u017eov\u00e1no za z\u00e1konn\u00e9.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_Derby_Stallion_Tokyo_High_Court_zari_2002_Gregorian_calendar_year\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad Derby Stallion (Tokyo High Court, z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2002 (Gregorian calendar year))<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobci, kter\u00fdm nebylo uzn\u00e1no z\u00e1kaz prodeje a n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v prvn\u00edm stupni, se odvolali, ale Tokyo High Court odvol\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u00edtl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tokyo High Court uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Je obecn\u011b zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00ed jm\u00e9na a portr\u00e9tu slavn\u00e9 osoby pro propagaci a reklamu produktu nebo p\u0159\u00edmo na produktu m\u00e1 efekt na propagaci a prodej dan\u00e9ho produktu. Jm\u00e9no a portr\u00e9t takov\u00e9 slavn\u00e9 osoby jsou jako osobn\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00ed informace symbolizuj\u00edc\u00ed danou slavnou osobu a maj\u00ed samy o sob\u011b schopnost p\u0159itahovat z\u00e1kazn\u00edky. Jsou to nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy nebo hodnoty, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Fyzick\u00e9 osoby, i kdy\u017e jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi lidmi, maj\u00ed podle v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vo na z\u00e1klad\u011b sv\u00fdch osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1v nechat sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no a portr\u00e9t vyu\u017e\u00edvat t\u0159et\u00edmi stranami bez opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu. Je tedy samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee slavn\u00e9 osoby, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch lid\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee jejich jm\u00e9no a portr\u00e9t p\u0159itahuj\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b ovl\u00e1dat ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy nebo hodnoty vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z jejich jm\u00e9na a portr\u00e9tu. Toto pr\u00e1vo slavn\u00fdch osob m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt naz\u00fdv\u00e1no &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na publicitu&#8221;, ale toto pr\u00e1vo by m\u011blo b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 v osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1vech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Tokyo High Court, 12. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2002 (Gregorian calendar year)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na publicitu je zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 v osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1vech&#8221;, a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Pr\u00e1vo na publicitu slavn\u00e9 osoby by m\u011blo b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 v osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1vech, jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, a je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1no pr\u00e1vo na jm\u00e9no, pr\u00e1vo na portr\u00e9t nebo pr\u00e1vo na publicitu jako pr\u00e1va zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e1 v osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1vech pro v\u011bc, jako je z\u00e1vodn\u00ed k\u016f\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Tamt\u00e9\u017e<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>rozhodl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_%E2%80%9CGallop_Racer%E2%80%9D_Nejvyssi_soud_unor_2004_2004\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;Gallop Racer&#8221; (Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud, \u00fanor 2004 (2004))<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, rozhodnut\u00ed se li\u0161ilo mezi &#8220;Gallop Racer&#8221; a &#8220;Derby Stallion&#8221;. V odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadu &#8220;Gallop Racer&#8221; v\u0161ak Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud zru\u0161il p\u016fvodn\u00ed rozsudek a zam\u00edtl n\u00e1roky \u017ealobc\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e pop\u0159el pr\u00e1vo na publicitu v\u011bci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud n\u00e1sledoval precedent Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b &#8220;Kao Ma-k&#8217;ing&#8217;s Self-Written Chien-chung Kao-shen Chieh&#8221;, kter\u00fd jsme p\u0159edstavili v jin\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku na na\u0161em webu s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Je dovoleno bez povolen\u00ed fotografovat a zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat ciz\u00ed majetek?&#8221; a uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;i kdy\u017e \u017ealobci v prvn\u00edm stupni vlastnili nebo vlastnili kon\u011b v dan\u00e9m z\u00e1vod\u011b, vlastnick\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo k v\u011bci, jako je z\u00e1vodn\u00ed k\u016f\u0148, je omezeno na exkluzivn\u00ed kontrolu nad hmotnou str\u00e1nkou v\u011bci. Toto pr\u00e1vo nezahrnuje p\u0159\u00edmou exkluzivn\u00ed kontrolu nad nehmotnou str\u00e1nkou v\u011bci, jako je n\u00e1zev v\u011bci. Proto, i kdy\u017e t\u0159et\u00ed strana vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ekonomickou hodnotu, kterou n\u00e1zev z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b a podobn\u00e9 v\u011bci maj\u00ed jako nehmotnou str\u00e1nku v\u011bci, jako je schopnost p\u0159itahovat z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, bez naru\u0161en\u00ed exkluzivn\u00ed kontroly vlastn\u00edka nad hmotnou str\u00e1nkou z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b, takov\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed vlastnick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v k z\u00e1vodn\u00edmu koni.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/photographing-others-property\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/photographing-others-property[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;I kdy\u017e n\u00e1zev z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b a podobn\u00e9 v\u011bci maj\u00ed schopnost p\u0159itahovat z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, nen\u00ed spravedliv\u00e9 uzn\u00e1vat vlastn\u00edkovi z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b exkluzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na pou\u017eit\u00ed nehmotn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky v\u011bci, jako je n\u00e1zev z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b, bez z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu. Co se t\u00fd\u010de ot\u00e1zky, zda neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1zvu z\u00e1vodn\u00edho kon\u011b a podobn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed je nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee rozsah a zp\u016fsob jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, jsou jasn\u011b stanoveny z\u00e1konem nebo podobn\u00fdmi p\u0159edpisy. Proto bychom m\u011bli \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee toto nelze potvrdit. Proto v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nelze potvrdit existenci z\u00e1kazu nebo nez\u00e1konn\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud, 13. \u00fanora 2004 (2004)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud tak zam\u00edtl jak z\u00e1kaz, tak nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Mimochodem, vlastn\u00edci z\u00e1vodn\u00edch kon\u00ed podali odvol\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017e\u00e1dost o p\u0159ijet\u00ed odvol\u00e1n\u00ed proti rozsudku tokijsk\u00e9ho odvolac\u00edho soudu v p\u0159\u00edpadu &#8220;Derby Stallion&#8221;, ale to bylo tak\u00e9 zam\u00edtnuto a rozhodnuto o nep\u0159ijet\u00ed toho sam\u00e9ho dne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Soudn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 uznalo pr\u00e1vo na publicitu u celebrit a sportovc\u016f, pop\u0159elo stejn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u011bc\u00ed. Co se t\u00fd\u010de nez\u00e1konn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, soud rozhodl, \u017ee v z\u00e1sad\u011b nejsou spln\u011bny v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed jako nehmotn\u00fdch statk\u016f. M\u016f\u017eeme tedy p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee ot\u00e1zka pr\u00e1va na publicitu vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k v\u011bcem je vy\u0159e\u0161ena.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co jsou pr\u00e1va na publicitu a kdy vznikaj\u00ed a kdy nejsou uzn\u00e1v\u00e1ny, podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlujeme v samostatn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku. https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/publicityrights[ja] P\u0159i zva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed majetkov\u00e9 hodnoty, kterou [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63214,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61262"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61262"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63215,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61262\/revisions\/63215"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}