{"id":61272,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61272"},"modified":"2024-03-26T15:43:36","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T06:43:36","slug":"defamation-and-transmission-possibility-by-sending-email","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-and-transmission-possibility-by-sending-email","title":{"rendered":"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm e-mailov\u00e9ho odesl\u00e1n\u00ed a mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti na internetu, soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady se hromadily zejm\u00e9na v souvislosti s p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3rech a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch, nebo v\u00fdm\u011bnou zpr\u00e1v. Pokud jde o odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mail\u016f, zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti se obvykle neuskute\u010dn\u00ed vzhledem k charakteru e-mailu, kter\u00fd je obvykle ur\u010den pro jednoho p\u0159\u00edjemce. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee podle japonsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku (Japanese Civil Code) je podstata po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti jako protipr\u00e1vn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed spojena s poklesem soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed, ale pojem &#8220;spole\u010dnost&#8221; zahrnuje neur\u010dit\u00fd nebo velk\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed a prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9 pro mal\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed nespl\u0148uje po\u017eadavek &#8220;ve\u0159ejnosti&#8221;, a je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 tvrdit, \u017ee soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed kleslo. Kdy\u017e dojde k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s e-mailem, \u010dasto se st\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edm\u011btem sporu poru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti se v\u017edy neuskute\u010dn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud po\u0161lete e-mail ur\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed jinou osobu velk\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed, je samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee bude uzn\u00e1na ve\u0159ejnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-and-transmission-possibility-by-sending-email\/#Urazka_na_cti_prostrednictvim_e-mailu_odeslaneho_mnoha_lidem\" title=\"Ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm e-mailu odeslan\u00e9ho mnoha lidem\">Ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm e-mailu odeslan\u00e9ho mnoha lidem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-and-transmission-possibility-by-sending-email\/#Emaily_odeslane_konkretnimu_znamemu_a_pomluva\" title=\"Emaily odeslan\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu a pomluva\">Emaily odeslan\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu a pomluva<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-and-transmission-possibility-by-sending-email\/#Odeslani_na_mailingovy_seznam\" title=\"Odesl\u00e1n\u00ed na mailingov\u00fd seznam\">Odesl\u00e1n\u00ed na mailingov\u00fd seznam<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-and-transmission-possibility-by-sending-email\/#Pripad_kdy_byla_uznana_moznost_sireni\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byla uzn\u00e1na mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed\">P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byla uzn\u00e1na mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/defamation-and-transmission-possibility-by-sending-email\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urazka_na_cti_prostrednictvim_e-mailu_odeslaneho_mnoha_lidem\"><\/span>Ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm e-mailu odeslan\u00e9ho mnoha lidem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/shutterstock_707427610-1024x626.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7300\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy byla uzn\u00e1na ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti, pokud byl e-mail odesl\u00e1n mnoha lidem, ve\u0159ejn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bl fakta a sn\u00ed\u017eil soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo po\u017eadov\u00e1no od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed od \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd odeslal e-mail s nepravdiv\u00fdmi informacemi o \u017ealobci na e-mailovou adresu, kterou mohli \u010d\u00edst zam\u011bstnanci a vedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edci skupiny firem v\u010detn\u011b firmy, ve kter\u00e9 \u017ealobce pracoval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalovan\u00fd, kter\u00fd byl \u0159editelem dopravn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti \u25a1\u25a1 Group, odeslal e-mail na adresu ur\u010denou pro psan\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed a po\u017eadavk\u016f na spole\u010dnost, ve kter\u00e9m uv\u00e1d\u011bl intern\u00ed sv\u011bdectv\u00ed, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad zv\u011bsti, \u017ee \u017ealobce &#8220;p\u0159i\u0161el opo\u017ed\u011bn\u011b a \u0159idi\u010di museli \u010dekat dv\u011b hodiny r\u00e1no a kdy\u017e poslouchali vysv\u011btlen\u00ed o platu, smrd\u011bl alkoholem&#8221; nebo &#8220;Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee jsi nezodpov\u011bdn\u00fd k alkoholu. (vynech\u00e1no) Dokonce i kdy\u017e dostane\u0161 zpr\u00e1vu o nehod\u011b, jen \u0159ekne\u0161 &#8216;Ty hlup\u00e1ku!&#8217; a jde\u0161 do druh\u00e9ho klubu? Sly\u0161el jsem, \u017ee jsi m\u011bl rud\u00fd obli\u010dej a hladil prsa d\u00edvky. Jsi vulg\u00e1rn\u00ed, star\u00fd mu\u017e&#8221; a &#8220;Dostal jsi pen\u00edze na vilu od spole\u010dnosti? Star\u00fd mu\u017ei, jsi n\u011bjak\u00fd gangster?&#8221; Tento e-mail byl automaticky doru\u010den minim\u00e1ln\u011b 150 zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm a vedouc\u00edm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V ob\u010dansk\u00e9m soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed po trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m byl \u017ealovan\u00fd ji\u017e odsouzen k pokut\u011b, soud nejprve uznal ve\u0159ejnost, proto\u017ee &#8220;byl automaticky doru\u010den minim\u00e1ln\u011b 150 zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm a vedouc\u00edm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm a mohl b\u00fdt voln\u011b \u010dten, tak\u017ee lze uznat, \u017ee \u017ealobce ve\u0159ejn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bl fakta&#8221;. Soud d\u00e1le uvedl, \u017ee a\u010dkoli n\u011bkter\u00e9 informace jsou pravdiv\u00e9, v\u011bt\u0161ina jsou sly\u0161en\u00e9 informace a nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, kdo takov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy vypr\u00e1v\u011bl, tak\u017ee v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f \u017ealovan\u00e9ho je v\u011bt\u0161inou ned\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Tento e-mail byl odesl\u00e1n minim\u00e1ln\u011b 150 zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm a vedouc\u00edm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm skupiny \u25a1\u25a1 a lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee ho \u010detlo zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f a vedouc\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo \u017ealobci velk\u00e9 psychick\u00e9 trauma.<br> Nav\u00edc, \u017ealovan\u00fd tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u00fa\u010delem odesl\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto e-mailu bylo vyvolat diskusi o problematick\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealobce ve spole\u010dnosti a donutit ho to zm\u011bnit. Tento c\u00edl v\u0161ak mohl b\u00fdt snadno dosa\u017een i jin\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly men\u0161\u00ed dopad na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce a jeho vliv, nap\u0159\u00edklad nahl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm nebo konzultac\u00ed s p\u0159edstaviteli nebo vedouc\u00edmi pracovn\u00edky skupiny \u25a1\u25a1, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 odeslat e-mail na adresu, kterou mohou \u010d\u00edst mnoz\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci a vedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edci. P\u0159esto si \u017ealovan\u00fd vybral snadnou cestu odesl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailu, co\u017e je t\u0159eba pova\u017eovat za z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9. <\/p>\n<cite>Soud v Tokiu, rozsudek ze dne 13. \u00fanora 2017 (Gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud uznal ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti a na\u0159\u00eddil \u017ealovan\u00e9mu zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 800 000 jen\u016f.<br>\nI kdy\u017e byl e-mail odesl\u00e1n, byla ve\u0159ejn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bna fakta a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed bylo sn\u00ed\u017eeno pro p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 150 lid\u00ed, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledek je nevyhnuteln\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, i kdy\u017e nen\u00ed odesl\u00e1n mnoha lidem, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm e-mailu uzn\u00e1na. Dokonce i kdy\u017e je p\u0159ed\u00e1no konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu mal\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed, pokud existuje mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nespecifick\u00e9mu nebo velk\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za &#8220;ve\u0159ejn\u00e9&#8221; a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1no jako ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/publicity-and-propagation-potential-in-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/publicity-and-propagation-potential-in-defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde je specifika e-mailu v digit\u00e1ln\u00ed dob\u011b. Na rozd\u00edl od soukrom\u00fdch dopis\u016f, e-maily mohou b\u00fdt &#8220;p\u0159eposl\u00e1ny&#8221; a okam\u017eit\u011b zobrazeny nespecifick\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed. A je snadn\u00e9 si p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee pokud jde o z\u00e1le\u017eitosti velk\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu, p\u0159epos\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pokra\u010dovat. Nesm\u00edme zapomenout ani na mailing listy.<br>\nI kdy\u017e je to e-mail, i kdy\u017e je odesl\u00e1n jedn\u00e9 osob\u011b nebo mal\u00e9 skupin\u011b lid\u00ed, pokud je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za \u0161\u00ed\u0159iteln\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1n jako ve\u0159ejn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Emaily_odeslane_konkretnimu_znamemu_a_pomluva\"><\/span>Emaily odeslan\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu a pomluva<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V jin\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku na na\u0161em webu s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edka o e-mailech a poru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed&#8221; jsme p\u0159edstavili p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo diskutov\u00e1no, zda je odesl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailu, ve kter\u00e9m zam\u011bstnanec \u017eivotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny C uvedl osobn\u00ed informace, kter\u00e9 se dozv\u011bd\u011bl, kdy\u017e od zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho A dostal dotaz na poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, a kter\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u011bly, \u017ee A je uzn\u00e1n jako osoba s du\u0161evn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b, t\u0159et\u00ed stran\u011b B, pova\u017eov\u00e1no za pomluvu a poru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b soud rozhodl, \u017ee pokud jde o \u0161est e-mail\u016f odeslan\u00fdch B, ve kter\u00fdch bylo uvedeno, \u017ee \u017ealobce v minulosti trp\u011bl depres\u00ed nebo du\u0161evn\u00ed chorobou a byl uzn\u00e1n jako osoba s du\u0161evn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b, a tak\u00e9 \u017ee je &#8220;osoba z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na internetu, kter\u00e1 se nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159izp\u016fsobit spole\u010dnosti&#8221; a &#8220;osoba bez zdrav\u00e9ho rozumu&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>byly odesl\u00e1ny pouze konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu a nebyly zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bny velk\u00e9mu po\u010dtu t\u0159et\u00edch stran krom\u011b \u017ealobce a \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, tak\u017ee odesl\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch e-mail\u016f \u017ealovan\u00fdm nemohlo okam\u017eit\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit objektivn\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Soud v Tokiu, rozhodnut\u00ed ze dne 6. listopadu 2009 (rok 2009)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud nesouhlasil s t\u00edm, \u017ee by byla ve\u0159ejn\u00e1, a proto nep\u0159iznal pomluvu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pomluvy v e-mailech lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pokud nep\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme o mo\u017enosti \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee bude pova\u017eov\u00e1no za odesl\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu mal\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed, ale to nen\u00ed v\u017edy pravda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/mail-privacy-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/mail-privacy-invasion[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Odeslani_na_mailingovy_seznam\"><\/span>Odesl\u00e1n\u00ed na mailingov\u00fd seznam<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce a A, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou zam\u011bstnanci t\u00e9\u017ee spole\u010dnosti, se zapletli do nev\u011brn\u00e9ho vztahu. V \u010dervenci 2013 (rok 2013) A p\u0159iznal a omluvil se za sv\u016fj nev\u011brn\u00fd vztah s \u017ealobcem p\u0159ed \u017ealovanou, kter\u00e1 byla man\u017eelkou \u017ealobce, zaplatil 3 miliony jen\u016f jako od\u0161kodn\u00e9 a uzav\u0159el dohodu o sm\u00edru, kter\u00e1 zahrnovala z\u00e1vazek, \u017ee nebude m\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd soukrom\u00fd kontakt s \u017ealobcem. Nakonec se \u017ealobce a \u017ealovan\u00e1 dohodli na rozvodu v prosinci t\u00e9ho\u017e roku, ale n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den \u017ealovan\u00e1 poslala e-mail \u0159editeli, vedouc\u00edmu odd\u011blen\u00ed a person\u00e1ln\u00edmu odd\u011blen\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, ve kter\u00e9m tvrdila, \u017ee \u017ealobce m\u011bl nev\u011brn\u00fd vztah se zam\u011bstnancem spole\u010dnosti, a pot\u00e9 poslala dal\u0161\u00ed dva e-maily odsuzuj\u00edc\u00ed \u017ealobce na mailingov\u00fd seznam skupiny pro n\u00e1bor person\u00e1ln\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V ka\u017ed\u00e9m e-mailu bylo uvedeno, \u017ee:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u017dalobce m\u011bl nev\u011brn\u00fd vztah se svou o dvacet let mlad\u0161\u00ed kolegyn\u00ed, p\u0159esto\u017ee m\u00e1 man\u017eelku a d\u011bti<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u017dalobce se pokusil vyhnat \u017ealovanou z domu, tvrd\u00edc, \u017ee byl ob\u011bt\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed, p\u0159esto\u017ee s\u00e1m m\u011bl nev\u011brn\u00fd vztah<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u017dalobce zranil levou pa\u017ei \u017ealovan\u00e9 b\u011bhem boje o d\u016fkazy, kdy\u017e byl jeho nev\u011brn\u00fd vztah odhalen<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud uznal, \u017ee tyto skute\u010dnosti sni\u017euj\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, soud uznal, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd z uveden\u00fdch fakt\u016f zna\u010dn\u011b zranil city \u017ealovan\u00e9 a jej\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed, poru\u0161il spole\u010denskou etiku a tvo\u0159il nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u017ealovan\u00e9. Proto soud uznal, \u017ee je spole\u010densky p\u0159ijateln\u00e9, pokud \u017ealovan\u00e1 konzultovala nev\u011brn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealobce v r\u00e1mci spole\u010dnosti se sv\u00fdm nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm a po\u017eadovala dohled a pokyny pro \u017ealovanou. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, soud uznal, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd e-mail, kter\u00fd byl odesl\u00e1n nespecifikovan\u00fdm osob\u00e1m v r\u00e1mci spole\u010dnosti po rozvodu s \u017ealobcem a uzav\u0159en\u00ed dohody o sm\u00edru s C, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>E-maily jsou snadno p\u0159enositeln\u00e9 a je velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee budou uchov\u00e1ny v p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9m stavu po zna\u010dnou dobu. Proto lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee skute\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 sni\u017euje spole\u010densk\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce, byla um\u00edst\u011bna do stavu, kdy ji mohou nespecifikovan\u00e9 osoby v r\u00e1mci spole\u010dnosti prohl\u00ed\u017eet, proto\u017ee \u017ealovan\u00e1 odeslala e-maily 1 a 3 na n\u011bkolik adres, v\u010detn\u011b mailingov\u00e9ho seznamu spole\u010dnosti.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Okresn\u00edho soudu v Tokiu ze dne 9. prosince 2014 (rok 2014)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud na\u0159\u00eddil \u017ealovan\u00e9 zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 450 000 jen\u016f, n\u00e1klady na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed slu\u017eby ve v\u00fd\u0161i 45 000 jen\u016f, celkem 495 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bylo by v po\u0159\u00e1dku, kdyby se konzultovala s konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmi osobami ve spole\u010dnosti, ale pokud odes\u00edl\u00e1te e-mail na mailingov\u00fd seznam, m\u016f\u017ee to znamenat, \u017ee jste ho odeslali nespecifikovan\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed. Slovo &#8220;p\u0159enosnost&#8221; nen\u00ed pou\u017eito, ale m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee je to stejn\u00fd koncept.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_kdy_byla_uznana_moznost_sireni\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byla uzn\u00e1na mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/shutterstock_243773131-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7302\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> &#8220;Je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee se to dostane k nespecifikovan\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed&#8221; Co je p\u0159\u00edpadem, kdy byla uzn\u00e1na mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed? <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy \u017ealobci tvrdili, \u017ee jejich reputace byla po\u0161kozena t\u00edm, \u017ee kdy\u017e rezignovali na pozice \u0159editel\u016f atd. ve dvou \u017ealovan\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech, tyto spole\u010dnosti odeslaly e-mail, ve kter\u00e9m bylo uvedeno, \u017ee \u017ealobci neleg\u00e1ln\u011b naverbovali jejich zam\u011bstnance, na 90 jejich zam\u011bstnanc\u016f atd., a \u017e\u00e1dali o solid\u00e1rn\u00ed platbu od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed atd. na z\u00e1klad\u011b nez\u00e1konn\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud uznal, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st e-mailu, kter\u00e1 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u010diny \u017ealobc\u016f jsou trestn\u00e9 pro zneu\u017eit\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry nebo zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed zneu\u017eit\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry, sni\u017euje jejich soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed, a \u017ee odesl\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto e-mailu se t\u00fdk\u00e1 skute\u010dnost\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu a bylo provedeno v\u00fdhradn\u011b za \u00fa\u010delem ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho dobra. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, u n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee jsou pravdiv\u00e9, a nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti m\u011bly dostate\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fvody v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee jsou pravdiv\u00e9, atd. Soud uznal, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti mus\u00ed zaplatit ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u017ealobci 500 000 jen\u016f jako od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a 50 000 jen\u016f jako n\u00e1klady na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed, a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b uznal \u017ealobu. Soud ve sv\u00e9m rozsudku uvedl,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u017dalovan\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee tento e-mail byl odesl\u00e1n pouze konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm osob\u00e1m a \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 nespecifikovan\u00e1 osoba nem\u016f\u017ee pochopit jeho obsah, tak\u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st tohoto e-mailu nesni\u017euje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobc\u016f.<br> Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, tento e-mail byl odesl\u00e1n celkem asi 90 zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm spole\u010dnosti b, ve kter\u00e9 \u017ealobci pracuj\u00ed, a zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm \u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Y2, atd., a po\u010det t\u011bchto osob nelze pova\u017eovat za mal\u00fd. Nav\u00edc, pokud vezmeme v \u00favahu mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee obsah tohoto e-mailu se dostane k nespecifikovan\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed. Proto nelze tvrdit, \u017ee soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobc\u016f nekleslo jen proto, \u017ee tento e-mail byl odesl\u00e1n pouze konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm osob\u00e1m, a argument \u017ealovan\u00fdch nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ijat.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, 11. listopadu 2014 (rok 2014)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee asi 90 lid\u00ed je mal\u00fd po\u010det, ale pokud zv\u00e1\u017e\u00edme mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, &#8220;je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee se to dostane k nespecifikovan\u00e9mu po\u010dtu lid\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 jsme v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku probrali, byly v\u0161echny takov\u00e9, kdy bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku, a krom\u011b &#8220;E-mail odeslan\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu a pomluva&#8221; se jednalo o v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy byla uzn\u00e1na mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. Je pravda, \u017ee v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed zlomysln\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v e-mailem je \u010dasto nejasn\u00e9, kdo je autorem, nebo nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 potvrdit mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. Pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady se pros\u00edm pod\u00edvejte na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek na na\u0161em webu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/email-sender-identification\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/email-sender-identification[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ale nesm\u00edme zapomenout, \u017ee i kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o soukromou korespondenci, pokud v e-mailu lehkomysln\u011b poru\u0161\u00edte ciz\u00ed \u010dest, m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt obvin\u011bni z pomluvy. M\u011bli byste b\u00fdt stejn\u011b opatrn\u00ed, jako byste byli na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch, i kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o e-mail odeslan\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed osob\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti na internetu, soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady se hromadily zejm\u00e9na v souvislosti s p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3rech a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch, nebo v\u00fdm\u011bnou zpr\u00e1v. Pokud jde o odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mail\u016f, zd\u00e1 se [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63332,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61272"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61272"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61272\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63333,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61272\/revisions\/63333"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61272"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61272"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61272"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}