{"id":61299,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61299"},"modified":"2024-03-25T18:12:29","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T09:12:29","slug":"cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development","title":{"rendered":"Jak zru\u0161it smlouvu v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Projekty jako je v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9mu jsou dlouhodob\u00e9 povahy, a je tedy zcela p\u0159irozen\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee v pr\u016fb\u011bhu jejich realizace m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k situac\u00edm, jako je &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00ed&#8221;. A\u010dkoli by bylo ide\u00e1ln\u00ed, kdyby u\u017eivatel\u00e9 a dodavatel\u00e9 mohli v\u017edy postupovat v souladu, m\u011bli bychom tak\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat mo\u017enost zva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed jako je ukon\u010den\u00ed smlouvy v pr\u016fb\u011bhu procesu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budeme zab\u00fdvat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed &#8220;ukon\u010den\u00ed&#8221; smlouvy a vysv\u011btl\u00edme body, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v souvislosti s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Vztah_mezi_vyvojem_systemu_a_jeho_zrusenim\" title=\"Vztah mezi v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu a jeho zru\u0161en\u00edm\">Vztah mezi v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu a jeho zru\u0161en\u00edm<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Co_je_zruseni_smlouvy_podle_obcanskeho_zakoniku\" title=\"Co je zru\u0161en\u00ed smlouvy podle ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku?\">Co je zru\u0161en\u00ed smlouvy podle ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Vztah_mezi_vyvojem_systemu_a_zrusenim\" title=\"Vztah mezi v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu a zru\u0161en\u00edm\">Vztah mezi v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu a zru\u0161en\u00edm<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#V_pripade_ze_duvodem_je_nesplneni_dluhu_zpozdeni_splneni\" title=\"V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u016fvodem je nespln\u011bn\u00ed dluhu (zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed spln\u011bn\u00ed)\">V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u016fvodem je nespln\u011bn\u00ed dluhu (zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed spln\u011bn\u00ed)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#V_pripade_ze_duvodem_je_odpovednost_za_vady\" title=\"V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u016fvodem je odpov\u011bdnost za vady\">V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u016fvodem je odpov\u011bdnost za vady<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Oznameni_o_zruseni_a_souvisejici_pravni_otazky\" title=\"Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky\">Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Meli_bychom_uvest_duvod_zruseni_v_oznameni_o_zruseni\" title=\"M\u011bli bychom uv\u00e9st d\u016fvod zru\u0161en\u00ed v ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed?\">M\u011bli bychom uv\u00e9st d\u016fvod zru\u0161en\u00ed v ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Co_znamena_%E2%80%9Cprimerena_doba%E2%80%9D_stanovena_v_upomince\" title=\"Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 doba&#8221; stanoven\u00e1 v upom\u00ednce? \">Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 doba&#8221; stanoven\u00e1 v upom\u00ednce? <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Jakym_zpusobem_oznamit_zruseni\" title=\"Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ozn\u00e1mit zru\u0161en\u00ed?\">Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ozn\u00e1mit zru\u0161en\u00ed?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cancellation-of-contracts-in-system-development\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vztah_mezi_vyvojem_systemu_a_jeho_zrusenim\"><\/span>Vztah mezi v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu a jeho zru\u0161en\u00edm<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_zruseni_smlouvy_podle_obcanskeho_zakoniku\"><\/span>Co je zru\u0161en\u00ed smlouvy podle ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V revidovan\u00e9m ob\u010dansk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u00edku jsou obecn\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed o &#8220;zru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221; smlouvy stanoveny v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch 540 a\u017e 548. Zru\u0161en\u00ed smlouvy znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dinky ji\u017e uzav\u0159en\u00e9 smlouvy se zru\u0161\u00ed zp\u011btn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud mluv\u00edme o vztahu mezi u\u017eivatelem a dodavatelem, obvykle, jakmile je smlouva uzav\u0159ena, dodavatel je povinen vyv\u00edjet syst\u00e9m a u\u017eivatel je povinen platit odm\u011bnu. A tyto povinnosti se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed &#8220;pr\u00e1vy&#8221; obou stran. Pokud je tato smlouva zru\u0161ena, povinnosti a pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e9 ob\u011b strany m\u011bly, se vr\u00e1t\u00ed do stavu p\u0159ed uzav\u0159en\u00edm smlouvy. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee i kdy\u017e existuj\u00ed dluhy, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b nebyly spln\u011bny, nejen\u017ee povinnost je splnit zanik\u00e1, ale tak\u00e9 vznik\u00e1 povinnost vr\u00e1tit se k p\u016fvodn\u00edmu stavu na z\u00e1klad\u011b stavu p\u0159ed uzav\u0159en\u00edm smlouvy. Toto se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 &#8220;povinnost obnovy p\u016fvodn\u00edho stavu&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud dojde k po\u0161kozen\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b, je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vztah_mezi_vyvojem_systemu_a_zrusenim\"><\/span>Vztah mezi v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu a zru\u0161en\u00edm<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou obezn\u00e1meni s pr\u00e1vn\u00ed prax\u00ed v oblasti podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f, &#8220;zru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221; smlouvy je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejprve spojeno s ozn\u00e1men\u00edm o zru\u0161en\u00ed. Av\u0161ak z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska, i v kontextu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed podle p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny zru\u0161en\u00ed na dva hlavn\u00ed typy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"V_pripade_ze_duvodem_je_nesplneni_dluhu_zpozdeni_splneni\"><\/span>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u016fvodem je nespln\u011bn\u00ed dluhu (zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed spln\u011bn\u00ed)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>(P\u0159\u00edklad) Pokud dodavatel neposkytne dod\u00e1vku, i kdy\u017e p\u0159ekro\u010dil p\u016fvodn\u011b sl\u00edben\u00fd term\u00edn dod\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk, \u010dl\u00e1nek 541: <u class=\"remove-format\">Pokud jedna ze stran nespln\u00ed sv\u016fj dluh<\/u>, druh\u00e1 strana m\u016f\u017ee stanovit p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou lh\u016ftu a vyzvat k jeho spln\u011bn\u00ed. Pokud nen\u00ed dluh spln\u011bn b\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby, druh\u00e1 strana m\u016f\u017ee smlouvu zru\u0161it.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b smlouvy o d\u00edlo pro v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9mu je &#8220;dluh&#8221;, kter\u00fd dodavatel, jako jedna ze stran, nese, dokon\u010den\u00ed syst\u00e9mu podle definice po\u017eadavk\u016f a jeho dod\u00e1n\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, pokud dodavatel neposkytne dod\u00e1vku, i kdy\u017e p\u0159ekro\u010dil term\u00edn dod\u00e1n\u00ed, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee dodavatel nedokon\u010dil pr\u00e1ci do term\u00ednu dod\u00e1n\u00ed. Co tedy znamen\u00e1 &#8220;dokon\u010den\u00ed pr\u00e1ce&#8221; v kontextu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f? Tento bod je podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlen v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/completion-of-work-in-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/completion-of-work-in-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"V_pripade_ze_duvodem_je_odpovednost_za_vady\"><\/span>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u016fvodem je odpov\u011bdnost za vady<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>(P\u0159\u00edklad) Pokud se uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee syst\u00e9m dodan\u00fd dodavatelem m\u00e1 mnoho chyb a nesrovnalost\u00ed v datech a nen\u00ed vhodn\u00fd pro praktick\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk, \u010dl\u00e1nek 635: <u class=\"remove-format\">Pokud m\u00e1 v\u00fdsledek pr\u00e1ce vady a v d\u016fsledku toho nelze dos\u00e1hnout \u00fa\u010delu smlouvy<\/u>, objednatel m\u016f\u017ee smlouvu zru\u0161it. Toto v\u0161ak neplat\u00ed pro budovy a jin\u00e9 stavby na pozemku.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud se na to d\u00edv\u00e1me z pohledu projektu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu, nen\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee by dodavatel projevil z\u00e1m\u011br zru\u0161it smlouvu. Obvykle bychom m\u011bli p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee zru\u0161en\u00ed smlouvy bude iniciov\u00e1no u\u017eivatelem v\u016f\u010di dodavateli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odpov\u011bdnost za vady je podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlena v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/defect-warranty-liability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/defect-warranty-liability[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Oznameni_o_zruseni_a_souvisejici_pravni_otazky\"><\/span>Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/shutterstock_1451179010-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3843\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Co je ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed a jak ho napsat?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed je dokument, kter\u00fdm (obvykle od u\u017eivatele k dodavateli) sd\u011blujeme z\u00e1m\u011br zru\u0161it smlouvu. Jako p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpis lze uv\u00e9st n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk (Japonsk\u00fd Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk) \u010dl\u00e1nek 541: Pokud jedna strana nespln\u00ed sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky, <u class=\"remove-format\">druh\u00e1 strana m\u016f\u017ee stanovit p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou lh\u016ftu a vyzvat k pln\u011bn\u00ed<\/u>. Pokud do t\u00e9to lh\u016fty nedojde k pln\u011bn\u00ed, druh\u00e1 strana m\u016f\u017ee smlouvu zru\u0161it.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud se na to d\u00edv\u00e1me z hlediska dokumentace souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu, ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed se vyzna\u010duje t\u00edm, \u017ee jeho c\u00edlem nen\u00ed hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh projektu, ale ukon\u010den\u00ed projektu. Je to tak\u00e9 dokument, od kter\u00e9ho se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159inese ur\u010dit\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, jak je uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, na rozd\u00edl od smluv, pokud jsou spln\u011bny ur\u010dit\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, sta\u010d\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed jedn\u00e9 strany. Kdy\u017e je u\u017eivatelem p\u0159edlo\u017eeno ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed dodavateli, je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se pro zodpov\u011bdnou osobu na stran\u011b dodavatele vyskytne probl\u00e9m, jako je &#8220;\u010detl jsem ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed, ale nerozum\u00edm, pro\u010d byla smlouva zru\u0161ena&#8221;. Jak konkr\u00e9tn\u011b by tedy m\u011bl u\u017eivatel uv\u00e9st d\u016fvody pro zru\u0161en\u00ed v ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Meli_bychom_uvest_duvod_zruseni_v_oznameni_o_zruseni\"><\/span>M\u011bli bychom uv\u00e9st d\u016fvod zru\u0161en\u00ed v ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de tohoto bodu, p\u0159i pohledu na minul\u00e9 soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady se zd\u00e1, \u017ee nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u011bt d\u016fvod zru\u0161en\u00ed v ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed citovan\u00fd soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad se t\u00fdk\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00edho probl\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd vznikl kv\u016fli chyb\u00e1m v dodan\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu. Kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel projevil z\u00e1m\u011br zru\u0161it, ot\u00e1zkou bylo, jak podrobn\u011b mus\u00ed pochopit obsah chyby a jak konkr\u00e9tn\u011b ji mus\u00ed upozornit. Soud se k tomuto bodu vyj\u00e1d\u0159il n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p><u class=\"remove-format\">Projeven\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bru zru\u0161it nevy\u017eaduje nutn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fvodu zru\u0161en\u00ed a zru\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedeno jedin\u00fdm projevem v\u016fle i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00edce d\u016fvod\u016f pro zru\u0161en\u00ed<\/u>. Pokud nen\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed okolnost, jako je jasn\u00e9 uveden\u00ed, \u017ee nebude zru\u0161eno z jin\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, lze pova\u017eovat projeven\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bru zru\u0161it za projeven\u00ed v\u016fle ukon\u010dit smlouvu na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u0161ech d\u016fvod\u016f, kter\u00e9 existovaly v dob\u011b zru\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, 22. prosince 2004 (Heisei 16)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Soudn\u00ed n\u00e1zor je, \u017ee &#8220;zru\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedeno jedin\u00fdm projevem v\u016fle i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00edce d\u016fvod\u016f pro zru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, zda m\u00e1 strana smlouvy z\u00e1m\u011br zru\u0161it, a nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 podrobn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bt konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed d\u016fvody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, i kdy\u017e byl syst\u00e9m dod\u00e1n, nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 se v dob\u011b projeven\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bru zru\u0161it zab\u00fdvat ot\u00e1zkami, zda by m\u011bl b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nedokon\u010den\u00fd, nebo zda by m\u011bl b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za probl\u00e9m z\u00e1ruky za vady kv\u016fli v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm chyb\u00e1m. I kdy\u017e se tyto jemn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my do\u010dasn\u011b ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, pokud projev\u00edte z\u00e1m\u011br zru\u0161it p\u0159edem, m\u016f\u017eete se i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b soudn\u00edho sporu pozd\u011bji h\u00e1dat o z\u00e1klad zru\u0161en\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e je to prodlen\u00ed s pln\u011bn\u00edm nebo z\u00e1ruka za vady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Dod\u00e1n\u00ed nedokon\u010den\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu&#8230; \u2192 nespln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vazku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dod\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi chybami&#8230; \u2192 z\u00e1ruka za vady<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>I bez podrobn\u00e9ho ur\u010den\u00ed d\u016fvodu je projeven\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bru zru\u0161it platn\u00e9 jako projeven\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bru zru\u0161it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, existuj\u00ed i v\u00fdhody v tom, \u017ee pokud uvedete konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed d\u016fvod zru\u0161en\u00ed a p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00edte ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed nebo neshod v komunikaci s dodavatelem tyto probl\u00e9my objasnit. Pro stranu, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed, pokud si uv\u011bdom\u00ed d\u016fvod, je tak\u00e9 men\u0161\u00ed obava z budouc\u00edch spor\u016f. Proto je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee byste m\u011bli uv\u00e9st d\u016fvod zru\u0161en\u00ed co nejjasn\u011bji, pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_znamena_%E2%80%9Cprimerena_doba%E2%80%9D_stanovena_v_upomince\"><\/span>Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 doba&#8221; stanoven\u00e1 v upom\u00ednce?<br><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/shutterstock_475167991-1024x757.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3849\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">I bez uplynut\u00ed &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 doby&#8221; je mo\u017en\u00e9 smlouvu vypov\u011bd\u011bt.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z dal\u0161\u00edch mo\u017en\u00fdch bod\u016f k zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed je ot\u00e1zka, jak dlouh\u00e1 je &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 doba&#8221; stanoven\u00e1 v \u010dl\u00e1nku 541 japonsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku (japonsk\u00fd ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee nen\u00ed t\u0159eba se t\u00edmto bodem p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zab\u00fdvat. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee i kdy\u017e nebyla stanovena &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 doba&#8221; p\u0159ed upom\u00ednkou, pokud uplynula p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 doba od upom\u00ednky, je mo\u017en\u00e9 smlouvu vypov\u011bd\u011bt. Stejn\u011b tak, i kdy\u017e doba p\u0159ed upom\u00ednkou nebyla &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1&#8221;, je mo\u017en\u00e9 smlouvu vypov\u011bd\u011bt, jakmile uplynula p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 doba. To je jasn\u011b stanoveno i v judikatu\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V projektech v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f, kde se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed probl\u00e9mem zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed pln\u011bn\u00ed nebo odpov\u011bdnost za vady, nebude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b mnoho p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy by dod\u00e1n\u00ed nebo oprava vad bylo dokon\u010deno po stanoven\u00ed &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 doby&#8221; a upom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed. S ohledem na tyto skute\u010dnosti je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by v praxi vznikaly v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 spory ohledn\u011b &#8220;p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 doby&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Definici zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed pln\u011bn\u00ed v syst\u00e9mov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji vysv\u011btlujeme v jin\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/performance-delay-in-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/performance-delay-in-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jakym_zpusobem_oznamit_zruseni\"><\/span>Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ozn\u00e1mit zru\u0161en\u00ed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de zp\u016fsobu ozn\u00e1men\u00ed zru\u0161en\u00ed, neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m, pokud je ozn\u00e1men\u00ed doru\u010deno jak\u00fdmkoli zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku doru\u010d\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed (p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, pokud je mo\u017en\u00e9 pozd\u011bji prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee ozn\u00e1men\u00ed bylo doru\u010deno).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nen\u00ed tedy nutn\u00e9 b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nerv\u00f3zn\u00ed kv\u016fli procedur\u00e1ln\u00edm ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m. V praxi je sice preferov\u00e1no ozn\u00e1men\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm doporu\u010den\u00e9 po\u0161ty s potvrzen\u00edm o obsahu, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm spor\u016fm o tom, zda bylo n\u011bco \u0159e\u010deno \u010di ne. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud je mo\u017en\u00e9 potvrdit, \u017ee ozn\u00e1men\u00ed bylo doru\u010deno adres\u00e1tovi, nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edt jednoduch\u00e9 metody, jako je fax nebo e-mail. Pokud v\u0161ak dojde k soudn\u00edmu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, je nutn\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee ozn\u00e1men\u00ed bylo doru\u010deno adres\u00e1tovi, a z tohoto hlediska lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee potvrzen\u00ed o obsahu je bezpe\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku jsme se zab\u00fdvali ot\u00e1zkou ukon\u010den\u00ed smlouvy v kontextu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu. Douf\u00e1me, \u017ee pokud porozum\u00edte nejen praktick\u00fdm znalostem o tom, jak ukon\u010dit smlouvu, ale tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobu vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u011b platn\u00e9ho z\u00e1m\u011bru, stane se tato znalost snadno uplatnitelnou. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Projekty jako je v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9mu jsou dlouhodob\u00e9 povahy, a je tedy zcela p\u0159irozen\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee v pr\u016fb\u011bhu jejich realizace m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k situac\u00edm, jako je &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00ed&#8221;. A\u010dkoli by bylo ide\u00e1ln\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63095,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61299"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61299"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61299\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63096,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61299\/revisions\/63096"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}