{"id":61302,"date":"2023-12-08T20:24:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:24:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61302"},"modified":"2024-03-25T17:38:19","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T08:38:19","slug":"howto-manage-change-in-system-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development","title":{"rendered":"Jak prov\u00e1d\u011bt spr\u00e1vu zm\u011bn v syst\u00e9mov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V projektech v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f se \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee obsah, kter\u00fd u\u017eivatel p\u0159edem vysv\u011btlil, se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu pr\u00e1ce m\u011bn\u00ed. Proto i jako dodavatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 pr\u00e1ci, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u011bkdy nutn\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se zm\u011bn\u00e1m v obsahu smlouvy, kterou jsme ji\u017e jednou uzav\u0159eli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vysv\u011btluje, jak bychom m\u011bli zach\u00e1zet s fenom\u00e9nem &#8220;zm\u011bny&#8221;, kter\u00e9 se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed ex post, z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska v\u016f\u010di projekt\u016fm v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 se ne v\u017edy vyv\u00edjej\u00ed podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Proc_jsou_projekty_systemoveho_vyvoje_%E2%80%9Czmeneny%E2%80%9D_az_po_skonceni\" title=\"Pro\u010d jsou projekty syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje &#8220;zm\u011bn\u011bny&#8221; a\u017e po skon\u010den\u00ed?\">Pro\u010d jsou projekty syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje &#8220;zm\u011bn\u011bny&#8221; a\u017e po skon\u010den\u00ed?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Systemovy_vyvoj_je_spolecna_prace_dodavatele_a_uzivatele\" title=\"Syst\u00e9mov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj je spole\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce dodavatele a u\u017eivatele\">Syst\u00e9mov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj je spole\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce dodavatele a u\u017eivatele<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Ackoli_existuje_povinnost_spoluprace_uzivatele_casto_pozaduji_zmeny\" title=\"A\u010dkoli existuje povinnost spolupr\u00e1ce, u\u017eivatel\u00e9 \u010dasto po\u017eaduj\u00ed zm\u011bny\">A\u010dkoli existuje povinnost spolupr\u00e1ce, u\u017eivatel\u00e9 \u010dasto po\u017eaduj\u00ed zm\u011bny<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Co_je_to_dokument_o_rizeni_zmen\" title=\"Co je to dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn\">Co je to dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Kdy_se_pouziva_dokument_o_rizeni_zmen\" title=\"Kdy se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn\">Kdy se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Obsah_dokumentu_o_rizeni_zmen\" title=\"Obsah dokumentu o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn\">Obsah dokumentu o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Co_byste_meli_vedet_o_sprave_zmen\" title=\"Co byste m\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt o spr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bn\">Co byste m\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt o spr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Sprava_zmen_by_mela_byt_provadena_spolecne_s_rizenim_ukolu\" title=\"Spr\u00e1va zm\u011bn by m\u011bla b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bna spole\u010dn\u011b s \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm \u00fakol\u016f\">Spr\u00e1va zm\u011bn by m\u011bla b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bna spole\u010dn\u011b s \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm \u00fakol\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Je_lepsi_take_stanovit_pravidla_pro_jednani_o_zmenach\" title=\"Je lep\u0161\u00ed tak\u00e9 stanovit pravidla pro jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch\">Je lep\u0161\u00ed tak\u00e9 stanovit pravidla pro jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Jednani_o_zmenach_a_povinnost_uprimnosti\" title=\"Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch a povinnost up\u0159\u00edmnosti\">Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch a povinnost up\u0159\u00edmnosti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Ustanoveni_o_zpusobu_zmeny\" title=\"Ustanoven\u00ed o zp\u016fsobu zm\u011bny\">Ustanoven\u00ed o zp\u016fsobu zm\u011bny<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proc_jsou_projekty_systemoveho_vyvoje_%E2%80%9Czmeneny%E2%80%9D_az_po_skonceni\"><\/span>Pro\u010d jsou projekty syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje &#8220;zm\u011bn\u011bny&#8221; a\u017e po skon\u010den\u00ed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Systemovy_vyvoj_je_spolecna_prace_dodavatele_a_uzivatele\"><\/span>Syst\u00e9mov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj je spole\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce dodavatele a u\u017eivatele<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Syst\u00e9mov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj obecn\u011b proch\u00e1z\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00e1vrhu, definov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f na v\u00fdvoj a uzav\u0159en\u00ed smlouvy. Po uzav\u0159en\u00ed smlouvy n\u00e1sleduje \u0159ada designov\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed, implementace podle designu, a nakonec testov\u00e1n\u00ed. V cel\u00e9m procesu je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b dodavatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 pr\u00e1ci, \u0161iroce zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd jako odborn\u00edk na v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f, ale je tak\u00e9 kladen ur\u010dit\u00fd stupe\u0148 povinnosti spolupr\u00e1ce na stran\u011b u\u017eivatele. Zejm\u00e9na v procesech jako definov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f (= definov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f) na syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 b\u00fdt vytvo\u0159en, vzhled a ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovky (= z\u00e1kladn\u00ed design) a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, zda bylo vytvo\u0159eno to, co bylo po\u017eadov\u00e1no (= testov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo p\u0159ijet\u00ed), je spolupr\u00e1ce u\u017eivatele d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. Pro obecn\u00fd p\u0159ehled o povinnostech, kter\u00e9 u\u017eivatel nese v syst\u00e9mov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji, se pod\u00edvejte na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/user-obligatory-cooporation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/user-obligatory-cooporation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ackoli_existuje_povinnost_spoluprace_uzivatele_casto_pozaduji_zmeny\"><\/span>A\u010dkoli existuje povinnost spolupr\u00e1ce, u\u017eivatel\u00e9 \u010dasto po\u017eaduj\u00ed zm\u011bny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak u\u017eivatel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou odborn\u00edky na v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f, nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopni v\u017edy pl\u00e1novat a p\u0159ed\u00e1vat dodavateli v\u0161echny informace pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9mu bez jak\u00fdchkoli nedostatk\u016f. Ve skute\u010dnosti, proto\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o detailn\u00ed a precizn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, u\u017eivatel\u00e9 \u010dasto nemohou p\u0159edv\u00eddat, jak\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti budou m\u00edt rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdznam v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch. Ironicky, \u010d\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je skute\u010dnost, t\u00edm pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bji se objev\u00ed pozd\u011bji. Vzhledem k t\u011bmto okolnostem je v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch projektech, i kdy\u017e je ide\u00e1lem &#8220;pr\u016fchod od po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed do kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze&#8221;, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee po skon\u010den\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt provedeny r\u016fzn\u00e9 zm\u011bny, a \u0159e\u0161it ot\u00e1zku, jak prov\u00e1d\u011bt &#8220;\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_dokument_o_rizeni_zmen\"><\/span>Co je to dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/pixta_40395256_M-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2910\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bt &#8220;\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn&#8221; b\u011bhem v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kdy_se_pouziva_dokument_o_rizeni_zmen\"><\/span>Kdy se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn je dokument, kter\u00fd u\u017eivatel\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e po\u017eaduj\u00ed od dodavatele zm\u011bnu specifikac\u00ed nebo p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed funkc\u00ed oproti p\u016fvodn\u00edmu vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, v f\u00e1z\u00edch jako jsou definice po\u017eadavk\u016f nebo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh, u\u017eivatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed povinnost spolupracovat na pr\u00e1ci dodavatele, ale je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch vzniknou odli\u0161n\u00e9 po\u017eadavky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklady situac\u00ed, kdy je pot\u0159eba dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn, mohou b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Pokud byly p\u0159i definici po\u017eadavk\u016f nebo z\u00e1kladn\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnuty n\u011bkter\u00e9 aspekty a je pot\u0159eba po\u017e\u00e1dat o p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed funkce pozd\u011bji<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pokud je b\u011bhem v\u00fdvoje nutn\u00e9 zm\u011bnit specifikace kv\u016fli revizi obchodn\u00ed politiky atd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To jsou jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de t\u00e9mat jako p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed funkc\u00ed nebo zm\u011bna specifikac\u00ed, pro stranu p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1ci je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, zda je zm\u011bna odhadovan\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky pr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159ijateln\u00e1. Tento bod je podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlen v jin\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/increase-of-estimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/increase-of-estimate[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn je z\u00e1kladem pro posouzen\u00ed spravedlnosti odhadu obsahu p\u0159i zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed odhadu po skon\u010den\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru na z\u00e1klad\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho odhadu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo spor\u016fm s druhou stranou (a tak\u00e9 aby se pos\u00edlila p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010divost vlastn\u00edho argumentu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sporu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Obsah_dokumentu_o_rizeni_zmen\"><\/span>Obsah dokumentu o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00e9 polo\u017eky by m\u011bly b\u00fdt z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska uvedeny v dokumentu o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn? Mechanismus smlouvy, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn pro reakci na zm\u011bny specifikac\u00ed a p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed funkc\u00ed, je ji\u017e obecn\u011b \u0161iroce uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n. Proto je mo\u017en\u00e9 zjistit, jak\u00e9 polo\u017eky by m\u011bly b\u00fdt zaznamen\u00e1ny, t\u00edm, \u017ee se pod\u00edv\u00e1te na vzory smluvn\u00edch dolo\u017eek, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed agentury, jako je modelov\u00e1 smlouva Ministerstva hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, obchodu a pr\u016fmyslu (japonsk\u00e9 &#8220;Keizai Sangy\u014dsh\u014d model keiyaku&#8221;).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>(Proces \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn)<br>\u010cl\u00e1nek 37: Strana A nebo B, pokud obdr\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1vrh na zm\u011bnu na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u010dl\u00e1nku 34 (Zm\u011bna syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch specifikac\u00ed atd.), \u010dl\u00e1nku 35 (Schv\u00e1len\u00ed u\u017eivatelem st\u0159edn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f) nebo \u010dl\u00e1nku 36 (Zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s nejasn\u00fdmi z\u00e1le\u017eitostmi), mus\u00ed do \u25cb dn\u016f od data p\u0159ijet\u00ed p\u0159edat druh\u00e9 stran\u011b dokument (<u class=\"remove-format\">d\u00e1le jen &#8220;dokument o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn&#8221;<\/u>), kter\u00fd <u class=\"remove-format\">obsahuje n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed polo\u017eky<\/u>. Strana A a B pak budou diskutovat o p\u0159ijatelnosti t\u00e9to zm\u011bny na komunika\u010dn\u00ed konferenci stanoven\u00e9 v \u010dl\u00e1nku 12.<br> \u2460 <u class=\"remove-format\">N\u00e1zev zm\u011bny<\/u><br> \u2461 <u class=\"remove-format\">Vedouc\u00ed osoba n\u00e1vrhu<\/u><br> \u2462 <u class=\"remove-format\">Datum<\/u><br> \u2463 <u class=\"remove-format\">D\u016fvod zm\u011bny<\/u><br> \u2464 <u class=\"remove-format\">Podrobnosti zm\u011bny v\u010detn\u011b specifikac\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se zm\u011bnou<\/u><br> \u2465 <u class=\"remove-format\">Pokud je pro zm\u011bnu pot\u0159eba n\u00e1klady, jejich v\u00fd\u0161e<\/u><br> \u2466 <u class=\"remove-format\">Pl\u00e1n pr\u00e1ce na zm\u011bn\u011b v\u010detn\u011b doby pro zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed<\/u><br> \u2467 <u class=\"remove-format\">Dal\u0161\u00ed dopady zm\u011bny na podm\u00ednky t\u00e9to smlouvy a individu\u00e1ln\u00ed smlouvy (doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1ce nebo term\u00edn dod\u00e1n\u00ed, poplatky za zak\u00e1zku, smluvn\u00ed podm\u00ednky atd.)<\/u><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed textu a ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00fdch polo\u017eek k zaps\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt dostate\u010dn\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt nutn\u00e9. Aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo probl\u00e9m\u016fm typu &#8220;\u0159ekl jsem \/ ne\u0159ekl jsem&#8221;, je t\u0159eba zaznamenat podrobn\u00fd a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po jasn\u00e9m uveden\u00ed t\u011bchto polo\u017eek a jejich spojen\u00ed s podpisy nebo pe\u010det\u011bmi odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch osob a rozhodovatel\u016f obou stran, dodavatele a u\u017eivatele, bude m\u00edt tento dokument, pokud dojde k soudn\u00edmu sporu, stejn\u00fd v\u00fdznam jako smlouva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_byste_meli_vedet_o_sprave_zmen\"><\/span>Co byste m\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt o spr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/pixta_54572310_M-1024x434.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2907\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dokumentu o spr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bn jej zohledn\u011bte tak\u00e9 v p\u0159ehledu \u00fakol\u016f.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sprava_zmen_by_mela_byt_provadena_spolecne_s_rizenim_ukolu\"><\/span>Spr\u00e1va zm\u011bn by m\u011bla b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bna spole\u010dn\u011b s \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm \u00fakol\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u016fvodem pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dokumentu o spr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bn je, \u017ee spr\u00e1vou historie zm\u011bn m\u016f\u017eeme v\u00e9st projekt k \u00fasp\u011bchu (nebo v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ne\u00fasp\u011bchu se vyhnout neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu p\u0159enesen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti). V praxi se \u010dasto vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a aktualizace dokumentu o spr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bn prov\u00e1d\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b s vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm p\u0159ehledu \u00fakol\u016f. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, jakmile spravujeme historii zm\u011bn v tabulce spr\u00e1vy zm\u011bn, dohodnut\u00e9 zm\u011bny se za\u010dlen\u00ed do p\u0159ehledu \u00fakol\u016f jako \u00fakoly, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba v budoucnu \u0159e\u0161it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Je_lepsi_take_stanovit_pravidla_pro_jednani_o_zmenach\"><\/span>Je lep\u0161\u00ed tak\u00e9 stanovit pravidla pro jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejen zp\u016fsob \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn, ale tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsob jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch by m\u011bl b\u00fdt stanoven, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee usnadnit \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zm\u011bn. Toto je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 metody, jako je agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj, kde se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 zm\u011bny po skon\u010den\u00ed. V praxi je \u010dasto stanoveno, kdy by m\u011bla druh\u00e1 strana reagovat na po\u017eadavek na jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jednani_o_zmenach_a_povinnost_uprimnosti\"><\/span>Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch a povinnost up\u0159\u00edmnosti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e ob\u011b strany souhlas\u00ed se zm\u011bnou smlouvy, kterou ji\u017e jednou uzav\u0159ely, je to v podstat\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9 smlouvy. Z principu, \u017ee smlouva je zalo\u017eena na svobodn\u00e9 v\u016fli stran, by dodavatel nem\u011bl b\u00fdt povinen souhlasit se zm\u011bnou smlouvy. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed pr\u00e1va, m\u016f\u017ee se ob\u00e1vat, \u017ee projekt v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu nebude hladce pokra\u010dovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proto se v praxi \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u00ed v smlouv\u00e1ch, \u017ee existuje &#8220;povinnost up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b jednat o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch&#8221;, a pokud dodavatel nejedn\u00e1 up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed je p\u0159\u00edklad takov\u00e9ho ustanoven\u00ed (citov\u00e1no z &#8220;N\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kladn\u00ed smlouvy pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \/ individu\u00e1ln\u00ed smlouvy&#8221; vytvo\u0159en\u00e9ho ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nez\u00e1vislou spr\u00e1vn\u00ed instituc\u00ed, Japonsk\u00fdm institutem pro podporu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 4, odstavec 3: P\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch ob\u011b strany up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b diskutuj\u00ed o tom, zda prov\u00e9st zm\u011bnu, po zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle zm\u011bny, mo\u017enosti zm\u011bny a dopadu zm\u011bny na cenu a term\u00edn dod\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ustanoveni_o_zpusobu_zmeny\"><\/span>Ustanoven\u00ed o zp\u016fsobu zm\u011bny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak ji\u017e bylo uvedeno, p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zm\u011bn je z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska &#8220;bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed&#8221; konat jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o ka\u017ed\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b men\u0161\u00edch projekt\u016f nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u00e9 stanovit zp\u016fsob jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017eete m\u00edsto stanoven\u00ed pravidel pro jedn\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e9st zm\u011bnu t\u00edm, \u017ee nech\u00e1te odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 osoby u\u017eivatele a dodavatele podepsat a raz\u00edtkovat dokument o spr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bn, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 jednat. Pokud umo\u017en\u00edte snadn\u00e9 zm\u011bny pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u00fastn\u00ed dohody, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nejasn\u00e9, zda byla provedena zm\u011bna, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee pozd\u011bji v\u00e9st k velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. V tomto smyslu by m\u011bla b\u00fdt dokumentace pe\u010dliv\u011b spravov\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, p\u0159\u00edprava samostatn\u00fdch dokument\u016f pro ka\u017edou zm\u011bnu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a m\u016f\u017eete cht\u00edt d\u00e1t p\u0159ednost flexibiln\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edstupu. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed dokumentovat zm\u011bny v z\u00e1pisech z jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Podrobnosti o tom, jak v\u00e9st z\u00e1pisy z jedn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji syst\u00e9m\u016f, jsou vysv\u011btleny v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/the-minutes-in-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/the-minutes-in-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde se \u010dasto m\u011bn\u00ed specifikace, je jist\u011b \u010dasto spojeno s rizikem probl\u00e9m\u016f a spor\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v takov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde je vy\u017eadov\u00e1na pru\u017enost, je \u010dasto obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 uplatnit praktick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, i kdy\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148ujeme &#8220;d\u016fle\u017eitost \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed&#8221; striktn\u011b a p\u0159\u00edmo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m, jak skloubit rychlost vy\u017eadovanou v obchod\u011b a p\u0159\u00edpravu na nejhor\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159, se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt \u010dasto odli\u0161n\u00fd v z\u00e1vislosti na situaci spole\u010dnosti a obsahu projektu. I p\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed obsahu tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby ka\u017ed\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a ka\u017ed\u00fd projekt hledaly vhodn\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak postupovat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V projektech v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f se \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee obsah, kter\u00fd u\u017eivatel p\u0159edem vysv\u011btlil, se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu pr\u00e1ce m\u011bn\u00ed. Proto i jako dodavatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 pr\u00e1ci, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u011bkdy nutn\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se zm\u011bn\u00e1m  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63073,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61302"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61302"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63074,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61302\/revisions\/63074"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63073"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}