{"id":61305,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61305"},"modified":"2024-03-25T18:36:51","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T09:36:51","slug":"compensation-for-defamation-damages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00fd je obvykl\u00fd po\u017eadavek na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody za po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pokud je uzn\u00e1na ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti, ob\u011b\u0165 m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody od pachatele. St\u0159edobodem t\u00e9to n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody je od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka je tedy uzn\u00e1na a jak\u00e9 jsou jej\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9 krit\u00e9ria? Na z\u00e1klad\u011b skute\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f vysv\u011btl\u00edme &#8220;tr\u017en\u00ed cenu&#8221; od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee se zvy\u0161uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed je,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>n\u00e1hrada za du\u0161evn\u00ed \u0161kodu, nikoli hmotnou \u0161kodu, jak\u00fdsi od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za vnit\u0159n\u00ed bolest<\/p>\n<cite>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud, 22. \u00fanora 1994 (rok 1994 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>je definov\u00e1no, ale je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 objektivn\u011b a kvantitativn\u011b pochopit m\u00edru t\u00e9to bolesti. Soud rozhoduje s p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnut\u00edm k r\u016fzn\u00fdm faktor\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Faktory k zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed nejsou jasn\u011b uvedeny a nen\u00ed t\u0159eba uv\u00e1d\u011bt d\u016fvody, kter\u00e9 vedly k uzn\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed, tak\u017ee je pro pr\u00e1vn\u00edka obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ur\u010dit v\u00fdhled na \u010d\u00e1stku od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, z minul\u00fdch soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 zjistit, jak\u00e9 faktory jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a jak\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed je uzn\u00e1na v jak\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje ur\u010dit\u00fd v\u00fdhled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Jak_se_vypocitava_odskodneni_za_bolest_a_utrpeni\" title=\"Jak se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed\">Jak se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Jak_zadat_o_odskodneni_za_pomluvu\" title=\"Jak \u017e\u00e1dat o od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za pomluvu\">Jak \u017e\u00e1dat o od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za pomluvu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Priklady_pomluv_na_obrance\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady pomluv na obr\u00e1nce\">P\u0159\u00edklady pomluv na obr\u00e1nce<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Poskozeni_reputace_jednotlivce_a_odskodneni\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed reputace jednotlivce a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed reputace jednotlivce a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Nazor_soudu\" title=\"N\u00e1zor soudu\">N\u00e1zor soudu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Odmitnuti_argumentu_o_vzajemne_vine\" title=\"Odm\u00edtnut\u00ed argumentu o vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 vin\u011b\">Odm\u00edtnut\u00ed argumentu o vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 vin\u011b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Priklady_pomluv_spojenych_s_organizovanym_zlocinem\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady pomluv spojen\u00fdch s organizovan\u00fdm zlo\u010dinem\">P\u0159\u00edklady pomluv spojen\u00fdch s organizovan\u00fdm zlo\u010dinem<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Poskozeni_povesti_firem_a_jednotlivcu_na_webovych_strankach\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti firem a jednotlivc\u016f na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti firem a jednotlivc\u016f na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Nazor_soudu-2\" title=\"N\u00e1zor soudu\">N\u00e1zor soudu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Velikost_webove_stranky_take_ovlivnuje_vysi_skody\" title=\"Velikost webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fd\u0161i \u0161kody\">Velikost webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fd\u0161i \u0161kody<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Priklady_prispevku_pod_cizi_identitou\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f pod ciz\u00ed identitou\">P\u0159\u00edklady p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f pod ciz\u00ed identitou<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Nazor_soudu-3\" title=\"N\u00e1zor soudu\">N\u00e1zor soudu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Pripad_odskodneni_za_novinovou_reklamu_s_nazvem_%E2%80%9CKronicky_lhar%E2%80%9D\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za novinovou reklamu s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Kronick\u00fd lh\u00e1\u0159&#8221;\">P\u0159\u00edpad od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za novinovou reklamu s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Kronick\u00fd lh\u00e1\u0159&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Pripad_pomluvy_vuci_devatenactilete_dceri\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad pomluvy v\u016f\u010di devaten\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 dce\u0159i\">P\u0159\u00edpad pomluvy v\u016f\u010di devaten\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 dce\u0159i<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Nazor_soudu-4\" title=\"N\u00e1zor soudu\">N\u00e1zor soudu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Pripad_vyzkumnika_obvineneho_z_falsovani_dat\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad v\u00fdzkumn\u00edka obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho z fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed dat\">P\u0159\u00edpad v\u00fdzkumn\u00edka obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho z fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed dat<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Nazor_soudu-5\" title=\"N\u00e1zor soudu\">N\u00e1zor soudu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jak_se_vypocitava_odskodneni_za_bolest_a_utrpeni\"><\/span>Jak se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje mnoho diskus\u00ed o jednotliv\u00fdch prvc\u00edch, ale pokud je shrneme, obecn\u011b se uva\u017euje o n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch sedmi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>V\u011bk, povol\u00e1n\u00ed a zku\u0161enosti ob\u011bti<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spole\u010densk\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed ob\u011bti<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00edra \u0161kody, kterou ob\u011b\u0165 utrp\u011bla<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zp\u016fsob a rozsah \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho d\u016fsledk\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1va\u017enost \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Okolnosti vedouc\u00ed k po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Op\u011btovn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti po po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Soudy tyto prvky porovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed a na z\u00e1klad\u011b nich vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V knize &#8220;V\u00fdpo\u010det od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti&#8221; (Gakuyosho: Moto Nishiguchi, Shoichi Kogano, Noriyuki Sanada) je navrhov\u00e1n n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed vzorec:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">Medi\u00e1n podle atribut\u016f ob\u011bti \u00b1 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a vliv \u00b1 z\u00e1va\u017enost \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, &#8220;kdo&#8221;, &#8220;jak&#8221; a &#8220;jak z\u00e1va\u017en\u011b&#8221; byla po\u0161kozena \u010dest, se st\u00e1v\u00e1 krit\u00e9riem pro v\u00fdpo\u010det.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V t\u00e9to knize je &#8220;atribut ob\u011bti&#8221; vyj\u00e1d\u0159en jako:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">&#8220;Organizace&#8221; = &#8220;Obvin\u011bn\u00fd \/ ob\u017ealovan\u00fd \/ odsouzen\u00fd&#8221; &gt; &#8220;Univerzitn\u00ed profesor \/ l\u00e9ka\u0159 \/ pr\u00e1vn\u00edk&#8221; &gt; &#8220;Ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 osoba&#8221; &gt; &#8220;Slavn\u00e1 osoba&#8221; = &#8220;Z\u00e1stupce spole\u010dnosti&#8221; &gt; &#8220;B\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To je takto vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jak_zadat_o_odskodneni_za_pomluvu\"><\/span>Jak \u017e\u00e1dat o od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za pomluvu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud dojde k pomluv\u011b, je nejprve nutn\u00e9 zachovat v\u011bci a d\u016fkazy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud jste byli pomlouv\u00e1ni na Twitteru, m\u016f\u017eete si ud\u011blat screenshot dan\u00e9ho tweetu, nebo pokud jste obdr\u017eeli ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9 v\u00fdroky od konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed osoby, m\u016f\u017eete je nahr\u00e1t. Nav\u00edc, pokud se jedn\u00e1 o internet, je nutn\u00e9 identifikovat pachatele \u0161kodliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro identifikaci je nutn\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1dat provozovatele webu o zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed IP adresy autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 se setkat s autorem a vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m mimosoudn\u011b, ale pokud se neda\u0159\u00ed dohodnout, m\u016f\u017eete podat ob\u010danskou \u017ealobu a po\u017eadovat od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nyn\u00ed vysv\u011btl\u00edme v\u00fd\u0161i n\u00e1hrady za pomluvu na z\u00e1klad\u011b skute\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_pomluv_na_obrance\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady pomluv na obr\u00e1nce<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Poskozeni_reputace_jednotlivce_a_odskodneni\"><\/span>Po\u0161kozen\u00ed reputace jednotlivce a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/pixta_43132230_M-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4105\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> <br><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00e1 je obvykl\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za pomluvu na internetu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem, kter\u00fd budeme zkoumat, je p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy na anonymn\u00edm diskusn\u00edm f\u00f3ru 2chan byly pou\u017eity kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 slova jako &#8220;pohlavn\u00ed nemoc&#8221; a &#8220;toaleta&#8221; ve vztahu k ur\u010dit\u00e9 osob\u011b (b\u00fdval\u00e9mu obr\u00e1nci), co\u017e nazna\u010dovalo, \u017ee tento obr\u00e1nce byl objektem sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho styku mu\u017e\u016f a trp\u011bl \u0159adou pohlavn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nazor_soudu\"><\/span>N\u00e1zor soudu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dne 8. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2015 (Heisei 27), Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u017ee \u017ealobce je b\u00fdval\u00fd obr\u00e1nce a po odchodu do d\u016fchodu se v\u011bnuje publika\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u017ee p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, byly naps\u00e1ny tak, aby na prvn\u00ed pohled vypadaly jako &#8220;zastavme tyto pomluvy&#8221;, ale ve skute\u010dnosti to byla jen p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159ka,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>o v\u00fdznamnosti a po\u010dtu n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f str\u00e1nky 2chan,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u017ee tento p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn pouze jednou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>S ohledem na tyto faktory soud uznal od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 800 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Odmitnuti_argumentu_o_vzajemne_vine\"><\/span>Odm\u00edtnut\u00ed argumentu o vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 vin\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Obhajoba tvrdila, \u017ee &#8220;\u017ealobce m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 vinu&#8221; a argumentovala &#8220;vz\u00e1jemnou vinou&#8221;. &#8220;Vina \u017ealobce&#8221; v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u017ealobce nechal p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek dlouho bez odpov\u011bdi a nevyj\u00e1d\u0159il se k n\u011bmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 vina&#8221; je logika pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se dopravn\u00edch nehod, kdy je chodec sra\u017een autem a argumentuje se, \u017ee &#8220;chodec tak\u00e9 p\u0159e\u0161el na \u010dervenou&#8221;, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eila v\u00fd\u0161e n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody. Av\u0161ak v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b soud tento argument zcela odm\u00edtl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_pomluv_spojenych_s_organizovanym_zlocinem\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady pomluv spojen\u00fdch s organizovan\u00fdm zlo\u010dinem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Poskozeni_povesti_firem_a_jednotlivcu_na_webovych_strankach\"><\/span>Po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti firem a jednotlivc\u016f na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch se objevil p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byly naps\u00e1ny pomluvy, \u017ee akciov\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a jej\u00ed dva p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 jsou zapojeni do n\u00e1silnick\u00fdch gang\u016f a antisoci\u00e1ln\u00edch sil. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jednotlivec, kter\u00fd je p\u0159edstavitelem spole\u010dnosti, sp\u00e1chal n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed zlo\u010din\u016f a nez\u00e1konn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Setkal se s \u010dleny n\u00e1silnick\u00e9ho gangu v hotelu v Shinbashi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po\u017e\u00e1dal \u010dleny n\u00e1silnick\u00e9ho gangu, aby vyhro\u017eovali<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neleg\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00edskal seznam \u010dlen\u016f Japonsk\u00fdch sebeobrann\u00fdch sil a prov\u00e1d\u011bl obchod s nemovitostmi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prov\u00e1d\u011bl nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed praktiky, jako je podvod s datov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Byl vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n polici\u00ed a centrem pro spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd \u017eivot kv\u016fli nez\u00e1konn\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm praktik\u00e1m, jako je podvod s datov\u00e1n\u00edm, ale zatajil to<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyu\u017eil diplomatick\u00e9 privilegium k ukryt\u00ed pen\u011bz a da\u0148ov\u00fdm \u00fanik\u016fm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee byly tak\u00e9 zve\u0159ejn\u011bny fotografie po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 bez v\u011bdom\u00ed subjektu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nazor_soudu-2\"><\/span>N\u00e1zor soudu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dne 29. ledna 2015 (Heisei 27), Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud uvedl,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtu v\u00fd\u0161e \u0161kody je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit r\u016fzn\u00e9 okolnosti, jako je obsah pomluvy, zp\u016fsob a styl vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, rozsah a styl \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, okolnosti vedouc\u00ed k \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, vlastnosti pachatele, vlastnosti ob\u011bti, obsah a m\u00edra nev\u00fdhody, kterou ob\u011b\u0165 utrp\u011bla, a mo\u017enost obnovy cti. Je spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 posuzovat to individu\u00e1ln\u011b a konkr\u00e9tn\u011b.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 29. ledna 2015 (Heisei 27)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>a uznal n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1roky na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Pro spole\u010dnost: &#8220;P\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech okolnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se projevily v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee nelze pop\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee to ovlivnilo podnik\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealobce, je uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee \u017ealobce utrp\u011bl nehmotnou \u0161kodu z d\u016fvodu po\u0161kozen\u00ed jeho d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti&#8221;, co\u017e vedlo k \u0161kod\u011b ve v\u00fd\u0161i 800 000 jen\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pro jednotlivce: Pro jednu osobu byla uzn\u00e1na &#8220;du\u0161evn\u00ed \u0161koda a \u010d\u00e1stka pen\u011bz pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k jej\u00edmu od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed&#8221; ve v\u00fd\u0161i 500 000 jen\u016f, pro druhou osobu \u0161koda ve v\u00fd\u0161i 300 000 jen\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, &#8220;od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed&#8221; je du\u0161evn\u00ed \u0161koda a je uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no pouze pro jednotlivce, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed du\u0161i. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spole\u010dnost\u00ed a podobn\u00fdch subjekt\u016f je uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na \u0161koda pod n\u00e1zvem &#8220;nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda&#8221;, a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed je vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1no na z\u00e1klad\u011b stejn\u00fdch faktor\u016f jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jednotlivc\u016f. \u0160koda ve v\u00fd\u0161i 800 000 jen\u016f pro spole\u010dnost je p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno ne &#8220;od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed&#8221;, ale tato &#8220;nehmotn\u00e1 \u0161koda&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Velikost_webove_stranky_take_ovlivnuje_vysi_skody\"><\/span>Velikost webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fd\u0161i \u0161kody<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobci po\u017eadovali vysokou \u010d\u00e1stku 38 milion\u016f jen\u016f pro spole\u010dnost a jednotlivce dohromady a uv\u00e1d\u011bli n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed d\u016fvody,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed obsahu na &#8220;2chan&#8221; a &#8220;Yahoo! Chiebukuro&#8221; atd., roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed tohoto obsahu na internetu, po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti \u017ealobc\u016f, v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pokles soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed, zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed fotografi\u00ed v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, riziko, \u017ee fotografi\u00ed budou kop\u00edrov\u00e1ny a zve\u0159ejn\u011bny na internetu nezn\u00e1m\u00fdmi t\u0159et\u00edmi stranami, co\u017e povede k pomluv\u00e1m na \u017ealobce, a du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed \u017ealobc\u016f je tak velk\u00e9, \u017ee je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 se z n\u011bj zotavit.<\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 29. ledna 2015 (Heisei 27)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>S ohledem na tento bod soud uvedl<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>A\u010dkoli nelze pop\u0159\u00edt mo\u017enost \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed obsahu, neexistuj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy pro to, \u017ee se to skute\u010dn\u011b stalo, a nav\u00edc, tato webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka nen\u00ed zdrojem informac\u00ed s velk\u00fdm soci\u00e1ln\u00edm vlivem, jak je patrn\u00e9 z po\u010dtu p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f (podle v\u00fdpov\u011bdi ob\u017ealovan\u00e9ho 20 000 p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f denn\u011b).<\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 29. ledna 2015 (Heisei 27)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>a uznal v\u00fd\u0161e uvedenou \u010d\u00e1stku. Zda m\u00e1 str\u00e1nka s 20 000 p\u0159\u00edstupy denn\u011b &#8220;mal\u00fd soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv&#8221; je diskutabiln\u00ed, ale je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee soud uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee velikost webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, jako je po\u010det p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f, je tak\u00e9 faktorem p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtu v\u00fd\u0161e \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_prispevku_pod_cizi_identitou\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f pod ciz\u00ed identitou<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/shutterstock_136756175-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4106\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159edstav\u00edme v\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edklady, kdy se lid\u00e9 stali ob\u011bt\u00ed pomluv na internetu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mu\u017e \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v prefektu\u0159e Nagano byl na diskusn\u00edm f\u00f3ru GREE vystaven pomluv\u00e1m, kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo p\u0159edst\u00edral, \u017ee je on. Kv\u016fli obsahu p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kodily jeho pov\u011bst, podal \u017ealobu u Okresn\u00edho soudu v \u00d3sace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nazor_soudu-3\"><\/span>N\u00e1zor soudu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve sv\u00e9m rozsudku soud uznal, \u017ee byla poru\u0161ena pr\u00e1va na cti \u017ealobce, a ur\u010dil od\u0161kodn\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 600 000 jen\u016f za \u0161kodu. Rozsudek uv\u00e1d\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>V\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky obsahovaly ur\u00e1\u017eky a nad\u00e1vky na jin\u00e9 osoby, co\u017e mohlo v\u00e9st t\u0159et\u00ed osoby k nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee \u017ealobce ur\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a nad\u00e1v\u00e1 na jin\u00e9 osoby bez d\u016fvodu. To sn\u00ed\u017eilo jeho soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<cite>Okresn\u00ed soud v \u00d3sace, rozsudek ze dne 30. srpna 2015 (2015)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9mem v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je od\u0161kodn\u00e9 za to, \u017ee \u017ealobce byl ob\u011bt\u00ed &#8220;p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; identity a byl nespr\u00e1vn\u011b pochopen lidmi kolem sebe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-dentityright\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-dentityright[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee \u0161koda je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo &#8220;p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1&#8221; identitu, ne\u017e kdy\u017e anonymn\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed osoba jen p\u00ed\u0161e ur\u00e1\u017eky. Pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch sedm prvk\u016f, zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tento p\u0159\u00edpad byl z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd kv\u016fli m\u00ed\u0159e \u0161kody, kterou ob\u011b\u0165 utrp\u011bla, a kv\u016fli z\u00e1va\u017enosti \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_odskodneni_za_novinovou_reklamu_s_nazvem_%E2%80%9CKronicky_lhar%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za novinovou reklamu s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Kronick\u00fd lh\u00e1\u0159&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Byl zah\u00e1jen soudn\u00ed spor, ve kter\u00e9m b\u00fdval\u00fd poslanec japonsk\u00e9 Sn\u011bmovny reprezentant\u016f Suzuki Muneo \u017e\u00e1dal o n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody od vydavatelstv\u00ed Shinchosha, kter\u00e9 vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u00fdden\u00edk &#8220;Shukan Shincho&#8221;, kv\u016fli novinov\u00e9 reklam\u011b s titulkem &#8220;Kronick\u00fd lh\u00e1\u0159&#8221;, kter\u00e1 podle n\u011bj po\u0161kodila jeho \u010dest. Dne 25. prosince 2003 (rok 15 Heisei) tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud zru\u0161il rozsudek tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu, kter\u00fd na\u0159\u00eddil Shinchosha zaplatit 1 milion jen\u016f, a zam\u00edtl \u017e\u00e1dost b\u00fdval\u00e9ho poslance s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee &#8220;existuje dostate\u010dn\u00fd d\u016fvod v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee lh\u00e1l&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edval v titulku &#8220;Kronick\u00fd lh\u00e1\u0159 Suzuki Muneo, kter\u00fd donutil Tanaku Makiko slzet d\u00e9monsk\u00fdmi slzami&#8221;. Vrchn\u00ed soud v Tokiu, kter\u00fd byl druhou instanc\u00ed, dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee &#8220;i kdy\u017e je to pon\u011bkud nevkusn\u00fd v\u00fdraz, nejde o osobn\u00ed \u00fatok, kter\u00fd by p\u0159ekro\u010dil hranice kritiky&#8221;. Co je zde zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, je to, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1stka uzn\u00e1na tokijsk\u00fdm okresn\u00edm soudem za po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti, kterou t\u00fdden\u00edk sp\u00e1chal na &#8220;ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 osob\u011b&#8221;, byla pouh\u00fd 1 milion jen\u016f, jak je uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e. Je ot\u00e1zkou, pro\u010d &#8220;ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 osoba&#8221; nen\u00ed vysoce hodnocena v jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_pomluvy_vuci_devatenactilete_dceri\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad pomluvy v\u016f\u010di devaten\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 dce\u0159i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00fdval\u00fd report\u00e9r Asahi Shimbun (Japonsk\u00fd den\u00edk Asahi Shimbun), pan Takashi Uemura (58), vedl soudn\u00ed spor proti mu\u017ei ve v\u011bku 40 let z regionu Kanto, kter\u00fd na Twitteru zve\u0159ejnil fotografii jeho devaten\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 dcery spolu s ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fdmi koment\u00e1\u0159i, co\u017e j\u00ed zp\u016fsobilo psychickou \u00fajmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd mu\u017e zve\u0159ejnil na Twitteru fotografii dcery pana Uemury, kterou z\u00edskal jinde, a ozna\u010dil ji jako &#8220;dceru Takashiho Uemury z Asahi Shimbun, kter\u00fd vymyslel p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o vojensk\u00fdch sexu\u00e1ln\u00edch otrokyn\u00edch&#8221;, napsal jm\u00e9no st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly, kterou tehdy nav\u0161t\u011bvovala, a jej\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, zm\u00ednil jej\u00ed babi\u010dku a matku a napsal: &#8220;Super anti-japonsk\u00fd \u010distokrevn\u00fd vychovan\u00fd otcem, kter\u00fd je agentem pro v\u00fdrobu anti-japonsk\u00fdch l\u017e\u00ed. Jednoho dne se ur\u010dit\u011b stane nep\u0159\u00edtelem Japonska.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nazor_soudu-4\"><\/span>N\u00e1zor soudu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dne 3. srpna 2016 (rok 28 Heisei) tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud pln\u011b uznal \u017ealobu a na\u0159\u00eddil ob\u017ealovan\u00e9mu zaplatit 1,7 milionu jen\u016f (z toho 1 milion jen\u016f jako od\u0161kodn\u00e9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd za\u00fato\u010dil na nezletilou dceru \u017ealobce kv\u016fli nesouhlasu s \u010dinnost\u00ed, kterou \u017ealobce vykon\u00e1val v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. Tento \u00fatok byl z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00fd a m\u011bl vysokou m\u00edru nez\u00e1konnosti&#8230; Sn\u00edmek obrazovky s p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 na internetu, tak\u017ee poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v pokra\u010duje&#8230; Spravedliv\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e od\u0161kodn\u00e9ho by m\u011bla p\u0159es\u00e1hnout 2 miliony jen\u016f, co\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e \u017ealobcova p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dost.<\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, rozsudek ze dne 3. srpna 2016<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b byla ob\u011b\u0165 nezletil\u00e1 osoba, ale byla hodnocena jako z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e1 kv\u016fli skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee byla dcerou p\u016fvodn\u00edho c\u00edle ob\u017ealovan\u00e9ho a \u017ee byla zapojena nezletil\u00e1 osoba, kter\u00e1 nem\u011bla nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s t\u00edmto p\u0159\u00edpadem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch sedmi faktor\u016f se zd\u00e1, \u017ee &#8220;stupe\u0148 \u0161kody utrp\u011bn\u00e9 ob\u011bt\u00ed&#8221; a &#8220;z\u00e1ke\u0159nost trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu&#8221; byly v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_vyzkumnika_obvineneho_z_falsovani_dat\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad v\u00fdzkumn\u00edka obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho z fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed dat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce tvrdil, \u017ee byla jeho \u010dest po\u0161kozena dokumenty uveden\u00fdmi na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, a naopak, \u017ealovan\u00fd tvrdil, \u017ee byla jeho \u010dest po\u0161kozena dokumenty a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kami uveden\u00fdmi na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u017ealobce. Oba strany po\u017eadovaly od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, odstran\u011bn\u00ed dokument\u016f a zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed omluvn\u00e9 reklamy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nazor_soudu-5\"><\/span>N\u00e1zor soudu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dne 8. listopadu 2012 (rok 2012 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud uznal, \u017ee &#8220;kritika \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, \u017ee fal\u0161oval nebo upravoval v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 data, a zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed tohoto tvrzen\u00ed na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch sn\u00ed\u017eilo soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce.&#8221; Soud na\u0159\u00eddil platbu 3,3 milionu jen\u016f (od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed 3 miliony jen\u016f, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1klady 300 tis\u00edc jen\u016f), odstran\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech dokument\u016f z webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek \u017ealovan\u00e9ho a zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed omluvn\u00e9 reklamy. Co se t\u00fd\u010de proti\u017ealoby, soud rozhodl, \u017ee &#8220;p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek \u017ealobce byl kritizov\u00e1n z akademick\u00e9ho hlediska a nesni\u017eoval soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealovan\u00e9ho.&#8221; a zam\u00edtl po\u017eadavek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u011b\u0165mi v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b byli &#8220;univerzitn\u00ed profesor, l\u00e9ka\u0159, pr\u00e1vn\u00edk&#8221; a \u0161lo o incident na internetu. I kdy\u017e to nebylo anonymn\u00ed, nebylo to pova\u017eov\u00e1no za r\u00e1mec spravedliv\u00e9 kritiky, a obvin\u011bn\u00ed z fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u00fapravy v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch dat mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee nazna\u010dovat vysokou z\u00e1va\u017enost \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/solatium-libel-maliciousness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/solatium-libel-maliciousness[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u010dkoli n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1stky od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lze po\u017eadovat od pachatel\u016f, se zvy\u0161uj\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody jsou st\u00e1le n\u00edzk\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e je uzn\u00e1na ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti a je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody, pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 z\u016fstanou ob\u011bti, nejsou tak vysok\u00e9. Jako &#8220;kompenzace za vnit\u0159n\u00ed bolest&#8221;, kterou n\u00e1m byla zp\u016fsobena, je to nedostate\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, pokud se poda\u0159\u00ed identifikovat pachatele a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody, ob\u011b\u0165 obecn\u011b nemus\u00ed n\u00e9st n\u00e1klady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/reputation-lawyers-fee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/reputation-lawyers-fee[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b &#8220;p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f fale\u0161n\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na internetov\u00fdch diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3rech&#8221; bylo od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed 600 000 jen\u016f, ale celkov\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u00edch a vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, byla 1 306 000 jen\u016f. Pro oby\u010dejn\u00e9 ob\u010dany je velk\u00fdm \u00faderem, kdy\u017e dostanou \u017ealobu od soudu, mus\u00ed se dostavit k soudu, b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1ni za ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti a mus\u00ed zaplatit 1 306 000 jen\u016f jako n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. Nav\u00edc, pokud jsou trestn\u011b st\u00edh\u00e1ni, budou potrest\u00e1ni a budou muset zaplatit pokutu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud chcete st\u00edhat odpov\u011bdnost pachatel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed opakovan\u011b pomlouvaj\u00ed a ur\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed, nechcete to jen tak nechat b\u00fdt a chcete, aby se pachatel\u00e9 zamysleli nad sv\u00fdmi \u010diny, obra\u0165te se na zku\u0161en\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edka. M\u016f\u017eete z\u00edskat podrobn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed o v\u00fdhledu na soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a postupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud chcete zn\u00e1t obsah tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku ve form\u011b videa, pod\u00edvejte se na na\u0161e video na na\u0161em YouTube kan\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/NaiVe2M6tfg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/NaiVe2M6tfg[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pokud je uzn\u00e1na ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti, ob\u011b\u0165 m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody od pachatele. St\u0159edobodem t\u00e9to n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody je od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed. Jak\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka je tedy uzn\u00e1na a jak\u00e9 jsou jej\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9 krit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63105,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61305"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61305"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61305\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63106,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61305\/revisions\/63106"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}