{"id":61361,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:31","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61361"},"modified":"2024-03-26T06:41:51","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T21:41:51","slug":"laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage","title":{"rendered":"Co je to pr\u00e1vo t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se spor\u016f a probl\u00e9m\u016f ve f\u00e1zi provozu syst\u00e9mu?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee v projektech na v\u00fdvoj IT syst\u00e9m\u016f mohou vzniknout r\u016fzn\u00e9 konflikty a probl\u00e9my. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i kdy\u017e se zd\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161e je v po\u0159\u00e1dku, jakmile je cel\u00fd v\u00fdvojov\u00fd proces \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b dokon\u010den, rozhodn\u011b to tak nen\u00ed. IT syst\u00e9my pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v podnic\u00edch jsou svou povahou obvykle zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed d\u016fv\u011brn\u00fdch a osobn\u00edch informac\u00ed, a i v provozn\u00ed f\u00e1zi mohou nastat r\u016fzn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvat pr\u00e1vn\u00edch znalost\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b opat\u0159en\u00ed a prevenci proti takov\u00fdm situac\u00edm i v provozn\u00ed f\u00e1zi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Jak_se_meni_pravni_teorie_tykajici_se_systemu_v_ramci_vyvoje_a_provozu\" title=\"Jak se m\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed teorie t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se syst\u00e9m\u016f v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdvoje a provozu?\">Jak se m\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed teorie t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se syst\u00e9m\u016f v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdvoje a provozu?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Jak_resit_pravni_problemy_spojene_s_provozem_systemu\" title=\"Jak \u0159e\u0161it pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s provozem syst\u00e9mu\">Jak \u0159e\u0161it pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s provozem syst\u00e9mu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Nejprve_zkontrolujte_zda_dodavatel_nesplnil_sve_povinnosti\" title=\"Nejprve zkontrolujte, zda dodavatel nesplnil sv\u00e9 povinnosti\">Nejprve zkontrolujte, zda dodavatel nesplnil sv\u00e9 povinnosti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Pote_overte_zda_uzivatel_utrpel_skodu\" title=\"Pot\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159te, zda u\u017eivatel utrp\u011bl \u0161kodu\">Pot\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159te, zda u\u017eivatel utrp\u011bl \u0161kodu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Dale_zvazte_moznost_kompenzace_za_nedbalost_a_uplatneni_klauzule_o_omezeni_odpovednosti\" title=\"D\u00e1le zva\u017ete mo\u017enost kompenzace za nedbalost a uplatn\u011bn\u00ed klauzule o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti\">D\u00e1le zva\u017ete mo\u017enost kompenzace za nedbalost a uplatn\u011bn\u00ed klauzule o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Priklady_problemu_a_sporu_ktere_se_casto_vyskytuji_pri_provozovani_systemu\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady probl\u00e9m\u016f a spor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159i provozov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f\">P\u0159\u00edklady probl\u00e9m\u016f a spor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159i provozov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Incidenty_jako_je_ztrata_dat_zpusobene_chybami_provozovatelu\" title=\"Incidenty, jako je ztr\u00e1ta dat, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 chybami provozovatel\u016f\">Incidenty, jako je ztr\u00e1ta dat, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 chybami provozovatel\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Bezpecnostni_utoky_vcetne_viru\" title=\"Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed \u00fatoky, v\u010detn\u011b vir\u016f\">Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed \u00fatoky, v\u010detn\u011b vir\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Chyby_a_problemy_ktere_se_objevi_po_prijeti_systemu\" title=\"Chyby a probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 se objev\u00ed po p\u0159ijet\u00ed syst\u00e9mu\">Chyby a probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 se objev\u00ed po p\u0159ijet\u00ed syst\u00e9mu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/laws-concerning-disputes-and-troubles-at-the-system-operation-stage\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jak_se_meni_pravni_teorie_tykajici_se_systemu_v_ramci_vyvoje_a_provozu\"><\/span>Jak se m\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed teorie t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se syst\u00e9m\u016f v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdvoje a provozu?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/shutterstock_593365901-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5550\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s &#8220;v\u00fdvojem&#8221; a &#8220;provozem&#8221; IT syst\u00e9m\u016f?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f spojen\u00fdch s IT syst\u00e9my pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi v podnic\u00edch je bezpochyby probl\u00e9m &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00ed&#8221; projektu v &#8220;v\u00fdvojov\u00e9&#8221; f\u00e1zi. Projekty v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f \u010dasto p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 podniky, do kter\u00fdch se investuje mnoho pracovn\u00edch sil, financ\u00ed a \u010dasu, a obvykle postupuj\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi riziky spor\u016f a probl\u00e9m\u016f, a\u0165 u\u017e velk\u00fdmi nebo mal\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00fd\u0161e jsme se\u0159adili typy spor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto vyskytuj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci \u0159ady projekt\u016f v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f, podle pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce. Krom\u011b toho, co charakterizuje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s IT syst\u00e9my, je &#8220;povinnost \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed projektu&#8221;, kterou je obvykle povinen n\u00e9st odborn\u00edk na v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f, tedy dodavatel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/project-management-duties\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/project-management-duties[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, po &#8220;v\u00fdvoji&#8221; IT syst\u00e9mu p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00edme do f\u00e1ze &#8220;provozu&#8221;. Provoz v IT syst\u00e9mech lze jednodu\u0161e definovat jako vyu\u017eit\u00ed a ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed vyvinut\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fdch operac\u00ed. Proto\u017ee pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed IT syst\u00e9mu je \u010dasto nutn\u00e9 dob\u0159e zn\u00e1t jeho specifikace, \u010dasto je zde tak\u00e9 pot\u0159eba odborn\u00edk\u016f na IT. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee IT syst\u00e9my vy\u017eaduj\u00ed technick\u00e9 znalosti jak v oblasti v\u00fdvoje, tak provozu, znamen\u00e1, \u017ee rozd\u011blen\u00ed mezi ob\u011bma m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v praxi nejasn\u00e9. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad, kter\u00fd to jasn\u011b ukazuje, m\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9st existenci &#8220;povinnosti podpory&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/support-obligations-of-vendors-after-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/support-obligations-of-vendors-after-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00fd\u0161e jsme p\u0159edstavili soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad, kter\u00fd uznal &#8220;povinnost podpory&#8221; jako povinnost poskytovat podporu pro provoz a implementaci po v\u00fdvoji, v rozd\u00edlu od &#8220;povinnosti \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed projektu&#8221;, kterou dodavatel nese b\u011bhem projektu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed povinnosti dodavatele, kter\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce s ohledem na situaci v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed provozn\u00ed f\u00e1zi, mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 stanoveny. Krom\u011b toho, pokud se v\u00fdvoj nov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u011b s odstran\u011bn\u00edm star\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, mohou se st\u00e1t probl\u00e9mem ot\u00e1zky jako &#8220;p\u0159enos dat&#8221; ze star\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. I v takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech jsou provoz star\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a v\u00fdvoj nov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u00fazce propojeny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/the-transition-from-the-oldsystem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/the-transition-from-the-oldsystem[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jak_resit_pravni_problemy_spojene_s_provozem_systemu\"><\/span>Jak \u0159e\u0161it pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s provozem syst\u00e9mu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak jsme ji\u017e zjistili, pr\u00e1ce spojen\u00e1 s IT syst\u00e9my je t\u011bsn\u011b propojena s &#8220;v\u00fdvojem&#8221; a &#8220;provozem&#8221;. P\u0159esto je v provozn\u00ed f\u00e1zi nutn\u00e9, vzhledem k ukon\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho projektu, zv\u00e1\u017eit ot\u00e1zky &#8220;projektov\u00e9ho managementu&#8221; odd\u011blen\u011b. Abychom mohli diskutovat o pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9mech &#8220;v\u00fdvoje&#8221; a &#8220;provozu&#8221; jednotn\u011b, je nutn\u00e9 je uspo\u0159\u00e1dat v r\u00e1mci, kter\u00fd je trochu pr\u00e1vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a abstraktn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e praxe. Nap\u0159\u00edklad uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska &#8220;odpov\u011bdnosti&#8221; spojen\u00e9 s IT syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 vysv\u011btlujeme v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku, je jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/responsibility-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/responsibility-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek vysv\u011btluje ot\u00e1zky jako odpov\u011bdnost za nespln\u011bn\u00ed ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f, odpov\u011bdnost za vady a odpov\u011bdnost za protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v kontextu IT syst\u00e9m\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v provozn\u00ed f\u00e1zi se vady st\u00e1vaj\u00ed probl\u00e9mem jen v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy se po p\u0159ijet\u00ed dojde k n\u00e1sledn\u00e9mu zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed chyb, a takov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady nejsou tak \u010dast\u00e9. Proto bychom m\u011bli nejprve uspo\u0159\u00e1dat odpov\u011bdnost za nespln\u011bn\u00ed smluvn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b obsahu smlouvy a odpov\u011bdnost za protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed bez ohledu na smluvn\u00ed vztahy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nejprve_zkontrolujte_zda_dodavatel_nesplnil_sve_povinnosti\"><\/span>Nejprve zkontrolujte, zda dodavatel nesplnil sv\u00e9 povinnosti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve sporu o odpov\u011bdnost za nespln\u011bn\u00ed smluvn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f jde o to, zda do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed smluvn\u00edch povinnost\u00ed, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b odpov\u011bdnosti za protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jde o to, zda do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v jin\u00fdch osob. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b odpov\u011bdnosti za nespln\u011bn\u00ed smluvn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f se st\u00e1v\u00e1 probl\u00e9mem obsah Service Level Agreement (SLA). Mimochodem, m\u011bli bychom tak\u00e9 v\u011bnovat pozornost skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee jak odpov\u011bdnost za nespln\u011bn\u00ed smluvn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f, tak odpov\u011bdnost za protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u00famysl nebo nedbalost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pote_overte_zda_uzivatel_utrpel_skodu\"><\/span>Pot\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159te, zda u\u017eivatel utrp\u011bl \u0161kodu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Odpov\u011bdnost za \u0161kodu je z\u00e1vazkem v\u016f\u010di skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kod\u011b, kterou utrp\u011bl u\u017eivatel. Proto, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o nespln\u011bn\u00ed smluvn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f nebo protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, pokud u\u017eivatel neutrp\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dnou \u0161kodu, nebude m\u00edt povinnost nahradit \u0161kodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dale_zvazte_moznost_kompenzace_za_nedbalost_a_uplatneni_klauzule_o_omezeni_odpovednosti\"><\/span>D\u00e1le zva\u017ete mo\u017enost kompenzace za nedbalost a uplatn\u011bn\u00ed klauzule o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud by dodavatel m\u011bl n\u00e9st odpov\u011bdnost za \u0161kodu, mohlo by doj\u00edt k kompenzaci za nedbalost, pokud by u\u017eivatel tak\u00e9 n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem selhal. Nav\u00edc, pokud je v p\u0159edem uzav\u0159en\u00e9 smlouv\u011b stanoveno omezen\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody, m\u016f\u017ee se v\u00fd\u0161e n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody zm\u011bnit. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v typick\u00e9 \u0161ablon\u011b smlouvy zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako modelov\u00e1 smlouva Ministerstva pr\u016fmyslu a obchodu je stanoveno n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti (podtr\u017een\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti jsou dopln\u011bn\u00e9 autorem).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>(Odpov\u011bdnost za \u0161kodu)<br> \u010cl\u00e1nek 53 Strany A a B mohou po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody od druh\u00e9 strany, pokud utrp\u00ed \u0161kodu v d\u016fsledku d\u016fvod\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze p\u0159i\u010d\u00edst druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, v souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm t\u00e9to smlouvy a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed smlouvy. Tento po\u017eadavek v\u0161ak nelze uplatnit po uplynut\u00ed \u25cb m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f od data p\u0159ijet\u00ed dod\u00e1vky nebo potvrzen\u00ed ukon\u010den\u00ed pr\u00e1ce podle p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed smlouvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Celkov\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody podle p\u0159edchoz\u00edho odstavce je omezena na \u010d\u00e1stku \u25cb\u25cb\u25cb stanovenou v konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed smlouv\u011b, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobila d\u016fvod odpov\u011bdnosti, bez ohledu na to, zda jde o nespln\u011bn\u00ed smluvn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za vady, neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 obohacen\u00ed, protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo jin\u00e9 d\u016fvody po\u017eadavku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed odstavec se nevztahuje na p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy odpov\u011bdnost za \u0161kodu vych\u00e1z\u00ed z \u00famyslu nebo hrub\u00e9 nedbalosti strany odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za \u0161kodu. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_problemu_a_sporu_ktere_se_casto_vyskytuji_pri_provozovani_systemu\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady probl\u00e9m\u016f a spor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159i provozov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/shutterstock_512549740-1024x709.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5562\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Na co si d\u00e1t pozor p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f a spor\u016f p\u0159i provozov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V praxi se p\u0159i provozov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f \u010dasto setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edmi typy probl\u00e9m\u016f a spor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Incidenty_jako_je_ztrata_dat_zpusobene_chybami_provozovatelu\"><\/span>Incidenty, jako je ztr\u00e1ta dat, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 chybami provozovatel\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1ce spojen\u00e1 s provozov\u00e1n\u00edm syst\u00e9m\u016f \u010dasto zahrnuje zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch firemn\u00edch tajemstv\u00ed a osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, a tak m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k nehod\u00e1m v d\u016fsledku nedbalosti. Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f je &#8220;ztr\u00e1ta dat&#8221;. Podrobn\u011bji o t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech diskutujeme v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/dataloss-risk-and-measures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/dataloss-risk-and-measures[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159ipravit se na incidenty, jako je ztr\u00e1ta dat, nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00edm, \u017ee budete pravideln\u011b z\u00e1lohovat data. Pokud se t\u011bmto opat\u0159en\u00edm nev\u011bnujete, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 uplatnit odpov\u011bdnost v\u016f\u010di dodavateli, kter\u00fd byl pov\u011b\u0159en provozov\u00e1n\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, tak\u017ee je t\u0159eba b\u00fdt opatrn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bezpecnostni_utoky_vcetne_viru\"><\/span>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed \u00fatoky, v\u010detn\u011b vir\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b IT syst\u00e9m\u016f, jako jsou webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky pro elektronick\u00fd obchod, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed na webu, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k velk\u00fdm incident\u016fm nebo nehod\u00e1m v d\u016fsledku bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch \u00fatok\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b vir\u016f. Detekce t\u011bchto bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch \u00fatok\u016f a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed proti nim m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed provozn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chyby_a_problemy_ktere_se_objevi_po_prijeti_systemu\"><\/span>Chyby a probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 se objev\u00ed po p\u0159ijet\u00ed syst\u00e9mu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u016f\u017ee se tak\u00e9 st\u00e1t, \u017ee po p\u0159ijet\u00ed syst\u00e9mu se objev\u00ed nov\u00e9 chyby a probl\u00e9my. Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edem zv\u00e1\u017eit a vy\u0159e\u0161it v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 chyby a probl\u00e9my v r\u00e1mci testovac\u00edho procesu, a tak se mohou objevit pozd\u011bji. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se obvykle pova\u017euje za spln\u011bn\u00ed povinnosti, \u017ee dod\u00e1n\u00ed bylo ji\u017e dokon\u010deno. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1na n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody na z\u00e1klad\u011b odpov\u011bdnosti za vady. Podrobn\u011bji o t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech diskutujeme v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/system-flaw-measure-after-acceptance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/system-flaw-measure-after-acceptance[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V r\u00e1mci &#8220;provozov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; syst\u00e9mu existuje mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f a spor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed od v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch projekt\u016f. Av\u0161ak, z\u00e1kladem na pr\u00e1vn\u00edch teori\u00edch, jako je odpov\u011bdnost za nespln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vazk\u016f, odpov\u011bdnost za protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a odpov\u011bdnost za vady, je mo\u017en\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1dat jednotn\u00e9 oblasti bez ohledu na tyto rozd\u00edly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee v projektech na v\u00fdvoj IT syst\u00e9m\u016f mohou vzniknout r\u016fzn\u00e9 konflikty a probl\u00e9my. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i kdy\u017e se zd\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161e je v po\u0159\u00e1dku, jakmile je cel\u00fd v\u00fdvojov\u00fd proces \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b dokon\u010den, rozhodn\u011b  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63177,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61361"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61361"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63178,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61361\/revisions\/63178"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63177"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}