{"id":61372,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61372"},"modified":"2024-03-26T10:29:04","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T01:29:04","slug":"relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright","title":{"rendered":"Vztah mezi publikac\u00ed fotografi\u00ed atd. bez souhlasu a autorsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pokud jsou va\u0161e fotografie nebo podobn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny bez va\u0161eho souhlasu, m\u016f\u017eete mo\u017en\u00e1 podat \u017ealobu za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na ochranu obrazu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/portraitrights-onthe-internet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/portraitrights-onthe-internet[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A co kdy\u017e jsou fotografie, kter\u00e9 jste po\u0159\u00eddili, zve\u0159ejn\u011bny bez va\u0161eho souhlasu? V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017eete mo\u017en\u00e1 podat \u017ealobu za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Autorsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon (Japonsk\u00fd autorsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon) poskytuje autorovi mnoho pr\u00e1v okam\u017eit\u011b po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed d\u00edla. Tyto pr\u00e1va lze rozd\u011blit do t\u0159\u00ed kategori\u00ed: &#8220;autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;, &#8220;mor\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1va autora&#8221; a &#8220;souvisej\u00edc\u00ed autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;. &#8220;Autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221; jsou pr\u00e1va na v\u00fdhradn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed d\u00edla, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1va ud\u011blit licenci jin\u00fdm osob\u00e1m nebo po\u017eadovat poplatky za pou\u017eit\u00ed. Autorsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon obsahuje mnoho pr\u00e1v, kter\u00e1 jsou \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1na jako svazek pr\u00e1v. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 jednotliv\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo obsa\u017een\u00e9 v autorsk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1vo. D\u00edl\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed probl\u00e9mem p\u0159i zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed na internetu, jsou &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; a &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed a podobn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Autorsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon (Pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 21<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autor m\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo rozmno\u017eovat sv\u00e9 d\u00edlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed a podobn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 23 Autor m\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo prov\u00e1d\u011bt ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla (v\u010detn\u011b zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed pro automatick\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 Autor m\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et sv\u00e9 d\u00edlo pomoc\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 21, &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;, je pr\u00e1vo kop\u00edrovat (rozmno\u017eovat) d\u00edlo a je to nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v r\u00e1mci autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, kter\u00e9 autor v\u00fdhradn\u011b vlastn\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pr\u00e1vo m\u00e1 pouze autor. \u010cl\u00e1nek 23, &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed a podobn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va&#8221;, je pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed d\u00edla prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm internetu, televizn\u00edho vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed, komunika\u010dn\u00edho karaoke atd. nebo na um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed d\u00edla do stavu, kdy je mo\u017en\u00e9 jej ve\u0159ejn\u011b sd\u011blit, a toto pr\u00e1vo tak\u00e9 v\u00fdhradn\u011b vlastn\u00ed autor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/quote-text-and-images-without-infringing-copyright\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/quote-text-and-images-without-infringing-copyright[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\/#Pripad_kdy_bylo_pozadovano_zverejneni_informaci_o_odesilateli_kvuli_poruseni_autorskych_prav\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo po\u017eadov\u00e1no zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli kv\u016fli poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v\">P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo po\u017eadov\u00e1no zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli kv\u016fli poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\/#Pripad_kdy_bylo_podano_zaloba_za_poruseni_autorskych_prav_kvuli_neopravnenemu_pouziti_placenych_fotografii_na_webu\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo pod\u00e1no \u017ealoba za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v kv\u016fli neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed placen\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed na webu\">P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo pod\u00e1no \u017ealoba za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v kv\u016fli neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed placen\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed na webu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\/#Pripad_neopravneneho_pouziti_vzorove_fotografie_jako_profilove_fotografie_na_Facebooku\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed vzorov\u00e9 fotografie jako profilov\u00e9 fotografie na Facebooku\">P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed vzorov\u00e9 fotografie jako profilov\u00e9 fotografie na Facebooku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\/#Pripad_neopravneneho_prevzeti_fotografii_zobrazujicich_svazovani_a_pomluvy_na_Twitteru\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159evzet\u00ed fotografi\u00ed zobrazuj\u00edc\u00edch svazov\u00e1n\u00ed a pomluvy na Twitteru\">P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159evzet\u00ed fotografi\u00ed zobrazuj\u00edc\u00edch svazov\u00e1n\u00ed a pomluvy na Twitteru<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_kdy_bylo_pozadovano_zverejneni_informaci_o_odesilateli_kvuli_poruseni_autorskych_prav\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo po\u017eadov\u00e1no zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli kv\u016fli poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/shutterstock_1328472164.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6747\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">N\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159edstavujeme p\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy \u017ealobce po\u017eadoval od poskytovatele slu\u017eeb zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli, proto\u017ee nezn\u00e1m\u00fd jedinec poru\u0161il jeho autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed) t\u00edm, \u017ee na internetov\u00e9m diskuzn\u00edm f\u00f3ru zve\u0159ejnil fotografii, kterou \u017ealobce po\u0159\u00eddil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce po\u0159\u00eddil selfie (fotografii sebe sama pomoc\u00ed smartphonu nebo podobn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed) pomoc\u00ed aplikace a pot\u00e9 tuto fotografii zve\u0159ejnil na sv\u00e9 profilov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce na Twitteru. Odes\u00edlatel v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bez svolen\u00ed \u017ealobce kop\u00edroval tuto fotografii a zve\u0159ejnil ji v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch s n\u00e1zvy jako &#8220;I SNOW je o\u0161kliv\u00e1&#8221; a &#8220;Aplikace je nezbytn\u00e1 pro o\u0161kliv\u00e9&#8221; a p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek odeslal na diskuzn\u00ed f\u00f3rum &#8220;Host Love&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud uznal, \u017ee \u017ealobce je autorem fotografie, proto\u017ee ji po\u0159\u00eddil s\u00e1m. Fotografie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku je kopie fotografie \u017ealobce, kter\u00e1 je jeho autorsk\u00fdm d\u00edlem, tak\u017ee zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku odes\u00edlatelem poru\u0161uje pr\u00e1vo \u017ealobce na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed jeho fotografie. Soud d\u00e1le uznal, \u017ee \u017ealobce m\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd d\u016fvod po\u017eadovat zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli pro uplatn\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody a dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00e1v, a proto \u017ealobu uznal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd tvrdil, \u017ee &#8220;tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je pouze odkaz na obrazovku \u00fa\u010dtu \u017ealobce na Twitteru a fotografie obli\u010deje zobrazen\u00e1 na t\u00e9to obrazovce nen\u00ed kop\u00edrov\u00e1na ani ve\u0159ejn\u011b sd\u00edlena osobou, kter\u00e1 tento \u010dl\u00e1nek zve\u0159ejnila&#8221;. Soud v\u0161ak,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee zobrazen\u00ed obrazovky \u00fa\u010dtu \u017ealobce na Twitteru, v\u010detn\u011b fotografie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku, nen\u00ed odkazem, ale obr\u00e1zkem p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm k tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku, a \u017ee je to pouze form\u00e1t, kde se obr\u00e1zek zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a zobraz\u00ed spolu s textem p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku, kdy\u017e n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk klikne na ikonu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite><br>Soudn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 9. \u010dervna 2017 (Gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159) <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>odm\u00edtl n\u00e1mitky ob\u017ealovan\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/disclosure-of-the-senders-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/disclosure-of-the-senders-information[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_kdy_bylo_podano_zaloba_za_poruseni_autorskych_prav_kvuli_neopravnenemu_pouziti_placenych_fotografii_na_webu\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo pod\u00e1no \u017ealoba za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v kv\u016fli neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed placen\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed na webu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy spole\u010dnost prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed placen\u00e9 fotografie po\u017eadovala od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed sv\u00fdch placen\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 a ekonomick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e. Soud nejprve uznal, \u017ee autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (pr\u00e1vo na reprodukci, pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed) spole\u010dnosti \u017ealobce byla poru\u0161ena t\u00edm, \u017ee na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce bylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bno n\u011bkolik fotografi\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 uznal, \u017ee bylo poru\u0161eno v\u00fdhradn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto fotografi\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy bylo po\u017eadov\u00e1no od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed placen\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed, \u010dasto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee u\u017eivatel tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee &#8220;z\u00edskal je z jin\u00e9ho webu&#8221; a odm\u00edt\u00e1 to. D\u0159\u00edve bylo nutn\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee pachatel m\u011bl \u00famysl nebo nedbalost v poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, co\u017e zvy\u0161ovalo n\u00e1roky na d\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno ob\u011bti. Av\u0161ak soud uznal, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanec E, kter\u00fd neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b pou\u017eil fotografie, zalo\u017eil webovou v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159skou spole\u010dnost a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek bylo jeho pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed, a proto<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Vzhledem k E-ov\u011b kari\u00e9\u0159e a postaven\u00ed, E si byl pln\u011b v\u011bdom mo\u017enosti poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v atd. t\u00edm, \u017ee se odv\u00e1\u017eil reprodukovat tyto fotografie a umo\u017enit jejich sd\u00edlen\u00ed, a p\u0159itom nezobrazil jm\u00e9no autora. Je spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v atd. t\u011bchto fotografi\u00ed ne\u0161lo jen o nedbalost, ale alespo\u0148 o \u00famysl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Soud v Tokiu, rozsudek ze dne 15. dubna 2015 (2015)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto se stalo d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm precedentem, \u017ee sta\u010d\u00ed prok\u00e1zat skute\u010dnost neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat, zda pachatel m\u011bl \u00famysl nebo byl nedbal\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le bylo uzn\u00e1no tak\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na zobrazen\u00ed jm\u00e9na v r\u00e1mci &#8220;mor\u00e1ln\u00edch pr\u00e1v autora&#8221;. Jak bylo uvedeno na za\u010d\u00e1tku, &#8220;mor\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1va autora&#8221; jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona a jsou obecn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem pro pr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u00ed autora, tv\u016frce d\u00edla, p\u0159ed du\u0161evn\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Autorsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon (Japonsk\u00fd autorsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon &#8211; pr\u00e1vo na zobrazen\u00ed jm\u00e9na)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 19<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autor m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo zobrazit sv\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no nebo pseudonym jako jm\u00e9no autora na origin\u00e1lu sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla nebo p\u0159i poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo prezentaci sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla ve\u0159ejnosti, nebo se rozhodnout nezobrazovat jm\u00e9no autora. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro zobrazen\u00ed jm\u00e9na autora origin\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u00edla p\u0159i poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo prezentaci sekund\u00e1rn\u00edho d\u00edla, kter\u00e9 je zalo\u017eeno na tomto origin\u00e1ln\u00edm d\u00edle, ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Osoba, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 d\u00edlo, m\u016f\u017ee zobrazit jm\u00e9no autora v souladu s t\u00edm, co autor ji\u017e zobrazil na sv\u00e9m d\u00edle, pokud autor nevyj\u00e1d\u0159il jin\u00fd \u00famysl.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 vynechat zobrazen\u00ed jm\u00e9na, pokud byla zaplacena poplatek, ale &#8220;neexistuj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy k uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee byl souhlas s vynech\u00e1n\u00edm zobrazen\u00ed jm\u00e9na ud\u011blen i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee d\u00edlo bylo neleg\u00e1ln\u011b vyu\u017eito&#8221;. Takto byla uzn\u00e1na odpov\u011bdnost u\u017eivatele u ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 a ekonomick\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e a bylo na\u0159\u00edzeno zaplatit \u017ealobc\u016fm celkem asi 30 000 korun jako od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_neopravneneho_pouziti_vzorove_fotografie_jako_profilove_fotografie_na_Facebooku\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed vzorov\u00e9 fotografie jako profilov\u00e9 fotografie na Facebooku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/shutterstock_407036404-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6746\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na p\u0159\u00edpad, kter\u00fd se stal na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy fotograf, kter\u00fd je \u017ealobcem, podal \u017ealobu proti ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nebo jej\u00edmu z\u00e1stupci, proto\u017ee bez jeho svolen\u00ed pou\u017eili fotografie, kter\u00e9 po\u0159\u00eddil, na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, \u010d\u00edm\u017e poru\u0161ili jeho pr\u00e1va na kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1va spojen\u00e1 s jeho fotografick\u00fdmi d\u00edly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce, fotograf, p\u0159edal ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti data vzorov\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed (s n\u00e1pisem &#8220;sample&#8221; v prav\u00e9m doln\u00edm rohu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zku), kter\u00e9 po\u0159\u00eddil na v\u00fdstav\u011b fotografi\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, proto\u017ee se nedohodli na cen\u011b, smlouva o prodeji fotografi\u00ed nebyla uzav\u0159ena. \u017dalobce pot\u00e9 poslal e-mail, ve kter\u00e9m po\u017eadoval zni\u010den\u00ed dat, ale ob\u017ealovan\u00e1 spole\u010dnost upravila dv\u011b fotografie \u017ealobce, nap\u0159\u00edklad odstran\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1pisu &#8220;sample&#8221;, a zve\u0159ejnila je na sv\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch a jako profilovou fotografii na Facebooku. Jm\u00e9no \u017ealobce, kter\u00fd je autorem fotografi\u00ed, v\u0161ak nebylo uvedeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud uznal, \u017ee dv\u011b fotografie v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b maj\u00ed tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed hodnotu, proto\u017ee v nich lze vid\u011bt osobitost fotografa v kompozici, sv\u011btelnosti a dal\u0161\u00edch aspektech fotografick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, a uznal je za fotografick\u00e1 d\u00edla, na kter\u00fdch m\u00e1 \u017ealobce autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Soud d\u00e1le uznal, \u017ee ob\u017ealovan\u00fd, p\u0159esto\u017ee byl \u017ealobcem po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n o zni\u010den\u00ed dat, zve\u0159ejnil obr\u00e1zky na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a na Facebooku a zve\u0159ejnil nezve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 fotografie bez uveden\u00ed jm\u00e9na autora, \u010d\u00edm\u017e poru\u0161il pr\u00e1va na kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 \u00famysln\u011b nebo z nedbalosti poru\u0161il mor\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1va autora (pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed a pr\u00e1vo na uveden\u00ed jm\u00e9na). Soud na\u0159\u00eddil ob\u017ealovan\u00e9mu zaplatit 50 000 jen\u016f za v\u00fdkon pr\u00e1v na kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed dvou fotografi\u00ed, 100 000 jen\u016f za mor\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fajmu zp\u016fsobenou poru\u0161en\u00edm mor\u00e1ln\u00edch pr\u00e1v autora (pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed a pr\u00e1vo na uveden\u00ed jm\u00e9na), a 100 000 jen\u016f za n\u00e1klady na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed, celkem 250 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bylo konstatov\u00e1no, \u017ee do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee se nejednalo o p\u0159evzat\u00ed z webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek autora nebo z Twitteru, ale o nezve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 fotografie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech (pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 18: Autor m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo poskytnout nebo p\u0159edlo\u017eit ve\u0159ejnosti sv\u00e9 d\u00edlo, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b nebylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bno (v\u010detn\u011b d\u011bl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch bez jeho souhlasu. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku.). Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed d\u00edla, kter\u00e1 jsou zalo\u017eena na p\u016fvodn\u00edm d\u00edle.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_neopravneneho_prevzeti_fotografii_zobrazujicich_svazovani_a_pomluvy_na_Twitteru\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159evzet\u00ed fotografi\u00ed zobrazuj\u00edc\u00edch svazov\u00e1n\u00ed a pomluvy na Twitteru<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy modelka na fotografi\u00edch zobrazuj\u00edc\u00edch svazov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je spoluautorkou, \u017ealovala za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, naru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed a poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na obraz, kdy\u017e ob\u017ealovan\u00fd bez povolen\u00ed p\u0159evzal fotografie, kter\u00e9 spoluautor zve\u0159ejnil na Twitteru, a pokra\u010doval v pomlouv\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealobkyn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fotografie zobrazuje situaci, kdy je \u017eena sv\u00e1zan\u00e1 provazem a zav\u011b\u0161en\u00e1 na sloup v m\u00edstnosti s tatami v dom\u011b, kde sed\u00ed mu\u017e A dr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed bi\u010d. Fotografie byla po\u0159\u00edzena automatick\u00fdm sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm s pevn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bnou kamerou. V\u00fdb\u011br, kombinace a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed objekt\u016f, kompozice a nastaven\u00ed \u00fahlu kamery, vztah mezi objektem a sv\u011btlem, zp\u016fsob st\u00ednov\u00e1n\u00ed, zd\u016frazn\u011bn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, pozad\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed celkov\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed odhaluj\u00ed individualitu fotografa a dal\u0161\u00edch osob, a byla uzn\u00e1na jako tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed a tedy jako d\u00edlo. Soud tak\u00e9 uznal, \u017ee A, kter\u00fd je spoluautorem, p\u0159evedl autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na \u017ealobkyni a pot\u00e9 zve\u0159ejnil fotografii na sv\u00e9m Twitteru se souhlasem \u017ealobkyn\u011b. \u010cin ob\u017ealovan\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd nahr\u00e1l fotografii, kterou A zve\u0159ejnil na sv\u00e9m Twitteru, bez povolen\u00ed \u017ealobkyn\u011b, byl uzn\u00e1n jako poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va \u017ealobkyn\u011b na kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd tvrdil, \u017ee pouze p\u0159evzal fotografii zve\u0159ejn\u011bnou na Twitteru, a proto to nen\u00ed poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Av\u0161ak bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee skute\u010dnost, \u017ee dan\u00e1 fotografie byla zve\u0159ejn\u011bna na Twitteru, a skute\u010dnost, \u017ee p\u0159evzet\u00ed bylo provedeno pouze na Twitteru, nejsou d\u016fvody pro pop\u0159en\u00ed poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le bylo uvedeno, \u017ee &#8220;vzhledem k obsahu t\u00e9to fotografie, lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee je to n\u011bco, co by \u010dlov\u011bk obecn\u011b necht\u011bl zve\u0159ejnit, a proto zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed takov\u00e9 fotografie bez souhlasu doty\u010dn\u00e9 osoby m\u016f\u017ee poru\u0161it pr\u00e1vo na soukrom\u00ed&#8221;. A tak\u00e9, &#8220;je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u017eena na t\u00e9to fotografii je \u017ealobkyn\u011b, nebyla dosud zn\u00e1ma ve\u0159ejnosti, a proto bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat, \u017ee \u017eena na t\u00e9to fotografii je \u017ealobkyn\u011b d\u00edky \u010dinu ob\u017ealovan\u00e9ho, a tato skute\u010dnost byla poprv\u00e9 zve\u0159ejn\u011bna&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Ob\u017ealovan\u00fd, t\u00edm, \u017ee nahr\u00e1l tuto fotografii na sv\u016fj Twitter, umo\u017enil identifikaci, \u017ee \u017eena na t\u00e9to fotografii je \u017ealobkyn\u011b. P\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee ob\u017ealovan\u00fd tweetoval &#8216;Profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed provazn\u00edk by nikdy nezav\u011bsil amat\u00e9rskou modelku, co\u017e je skute\u010dnost, kterou by m\u011bl v\u011bd\u011bt kdokoli s chut\u00ed na provazy&#8217; a &#8216;Dal\u0161\u00ed le\u017e byla odhalena!&#8217;, lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee ob\u017ealovan\u00fd se dopustil tohoto \u010dinu za \u00fa\u010delem odhalen\u00ed fotografie, kterou by \u017ealobkyn\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b necht\u011bla zve\u0159ejnit, a bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee m\u011bl \u00famysl poru\u0161it v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na soukrom\u00ed a osobn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite> <br>Soud v Tokiu, rozhodnut\u00ed ze dne 27. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2018 (2018)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A tak\u00e9, &#8220;a\u0165 u\u017e to naz\u00fdv\u00e1me pr\u00e1vem na obraz nebo ne, je ch\u00e1p\u00e1no, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 osobn\u00ed z\u00e1jem na tom, aby jeho vzhled a postoj nebyly bezd\u016fvodn\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bny na fotografi\u00edch&#8221;. Soud uznal poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na soukrom\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00e1v a stanovil, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1stka, kterou by m\u011bla \u017ealobkyn\u011b obdr\u017eet od ob\u017ealovan\u00e9ho za v\u00fdkon sv\u00fdch autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, je 121 500 jen\u016f, co\u017e je \u010d\u00e1stka, kter\u00e1 je stanovena pro pou\u017eit\u00ed fotografi\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho druhu na internetu po dobu 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a\u017e do jednoho roku. Soud tak\u00e9 na\u0159\u00eddil ob\u017ealovan\u00e9mu zaplatit \u017ealobkyni 300 000 jen\u016f jako n\u00e1hradu za du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00edm pr\u00e1va na soukrom\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00e1v, a 50 000 jen\u016f na n\u00e1klady na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed, celkem 471 500 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/crime-on-twitter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/crime-on-twitter[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud jsou fotografie, kter\u00e9 jste po\u0159\u00eddili, zve\u0159ejn\u011bny bez va\u0161eho souhlasu, m\u016f\u017eete se dom\u00e1hat pr\u00e1va na ochranu autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v (pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed). Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, pokud jste subjektem fotografie, m\u016f\u017eete uplatnit n\u00e1rok na poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na ochranu obrazu, pokud jde o p\u0159eti\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku ur\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00edho na cti, m\u016f\u017eete uplatnit n\u00e1rok na poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na ochranu cti, poru\u0161en\u00ed citov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a poru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed. Nev\u00e1hejte se obr\u00e1tit na na\u0161e zku\u0161en\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00edky v na\u0161\u00ed advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pokud jsou va\u0161e fotografie nebo podobn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny bez va\u0161eho souhlasu, m\u016f\u017eete mo\u017en\u00e1 podat \u017ealobu za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na ochranu obrazu. https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/portraitrights-onthe-in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63282,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61372"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61372"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61372\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63283,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61372\/revisions\/63283"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}