{"id":61374,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61374"},"modified":"2024-03-26T17:13:30","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T08:13:30","slug":"difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter","title":{"rendered":"Poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na Twitteru a Instagramu - je nemo\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat pachatele?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Obecn\u011b se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee pokud na internetu prov\u00e1d\u00edte neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1pisy a podobn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt va\u0161e identita odhalena a m\u016f\u017eete \u010delit n\u00e1roku na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na Twitteru, Facebooku, Instagramu (atd.), kter\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>poru\u0161uj\u00ed autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, ochrann\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky a dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1va du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee identifikace pachatele m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nemo\u017en\u00e1. Z pohledu pachatele to znamen\u00e1,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">\u017ee pokud jde o takov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, bez ohledu na to, kolik jich je, neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 mo\u017enost, \u017ee by byla odhalena jejich identita. Nejv\u00fd\u0161e m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k odstran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku nebo z\u00e1kazu \u00fa\u010dtu, tak\u017ee sta\u010d\u00ed pokra\u010dovat v takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch s jednor\u00e1zov\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dtem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To je v\u00fdsledek. Toto je st\u00e1le nejasn\u00fd probl\u00e9m, jak bude \u0159e\u0161en v budoucnosti, a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee podporujeme takov\u00e9 neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, ale vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my existuj\u00ed a pro\u010d m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee existuje takov\u00e1 mo\u017enost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, jde o n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>Z\u00e1kon o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f, kter\u00fd uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 identifikaci autor\u016f p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt interpretov\u00e1n tak, \u017ee pokud nezn\u00e1me &#8220;IP adresu v dob\u011b p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221;, nem\u016f\u017eeme po\u017eadovat odhalen\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Twitter, Facebook a Instagram v\u016fbec nesleduj\u00ed &#8220;IP adresu v dob\u011b p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221; ze syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho hlediska a uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed pouze &#8220;IP adresu v dob\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Co se t\u00fd\u010de ot\u00e1zky, zda lze na z\u00e1klad\u011b &#8220;IP adresy v dob\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221; po\u017eadovat odhalen\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy, soudy zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se du\u0161evn\u00edm vlastnictv\u00edm maj\u00ed tendenci ukazovat postoj, \u017ee &#8220;to nen\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Nyn\u00ed se postupn\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1me na v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Problem_s_%E2%80%9CIP_adresou_pri_prihlaseni%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Probl\u00e9m s &#8220;IP adresou p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;\">Probl\u00e9m s &#8220;IP adresou p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Co_je_to_proces_zadosti_o_odhaleni_informaci_o_odesilateli\" title=\"Co je to proces \u017e\u00e1dosti o odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli\">Co je to proces \u017e\u00e1dosti o odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Vyznam_a_obsah_pravniho_ustanoveni_%E2%80%9Ctykajici_se_poruseni%E2%80%9D\" title=\"V\u00fdznam a obsah pr\u00e1vn\u00edho ustanoven\u00ed &#8220;t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;\">V\u00fdznam a obsah pr\u00e1vn\u00edho ustanoven\u00ed &#8220;t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Postup_pri_identifikaci_autora_prispevku_na_platformach_jako_Twitter\" title=\"Postup p\u0159i identifikaci autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na platform\u00e1ch jako Twitter\">Postup p\u0159i identifikaci autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na platform\u00e1ch jako Twitter<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#%E2%80%9CPrihlaseny_uzivatel%E2%80%9D_%E2%89%92_%E2%80%9CUzivatel_ktery_prispel%E2%80%9D\" title=\"&#8220;P\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd u\u017eivatel&#8221; \u2252 &#8220;U\u017eivatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159isp\u011bl&#8221;\">&#8220;P\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd u\u017eivatel&#8221; \u2252 &#8220;U\u017eivatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159isp\u011bl&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Rozhodnuti_o_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy_se_lisi_podle_soudu\" title=\"Rozhodnut\u00ed o zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy se li\u0161\u00ed podle soudu\">Rozhodnut\u00ed o zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy se li\u0161\u00ed podle soudu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Kazdy_soud_rozhoduje_nezavisle\" title=\"Ka\u017ed\u00fd soud rozhoduje nez\u00e1visle\">Ka\u017ed\u00fd soud rozhoduje nez\u00e1visle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Zpracovani_obecnych_pripadu_a_pripadu_tykajicich_se_dusevniho_vlastnictvi\" title=\"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed obecn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed\">Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed obecn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Tokijsky_vrchni_soud_potvrdil_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy\" title=\"Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud potvrdil zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy\">Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud potvrdil zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Pripad_%E2%80%9Cpredstirani%E2%80%9D_z_roku_Heisei_29_2017\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; z roku Heisei 29 (2017)\">P\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; z roku Heisei 29 (2017)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#O_moznosti_rozdilu_mezi_osobou_ktera_se_prihlasila_a_osobou_ktera_prispela\" title=\"O mo\u017enosti rozd\u00edlu mezi osobou, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila, a osobou, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bla\">O mo\u017enosti rozd\u00edlu mezi osobou, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila, a osobou, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bla<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Intelektualni_vlastnicky_soud_odmitl_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy\" title=\"Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud odm\u00edtl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy\">Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud odm\u00edtl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Pripad_neopravneneho_zverejneni_fotografii_z_roku_2016_Heisei_28\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed fotografi\u00ed z roku 2016 (Heisei 28)\">P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed fotografi\u00ed z roku 2016 (Heisei 28)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Je_zaver_%E2%80%9Cnemoznost_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy%E2%80%9D_nespravedlivy\" title=\"Je z\u00e1v\u011br &#8220;nemo\u017enost zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy&#8221; nespravedliv\u00fd?\">Je z\u00e1v\u011br &#8220;nemo\u017enost zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy&#8221; nespravedliv\u00fd?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Neexistuje_zadne_rozhodnuti_Nejvyssiho_soudu_a_nazory_na_nedavne_pripady_se_lisi\" title=\"Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu a n\u00e1zory na ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady se li\u0161\u00ed\">Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu a n\u00e1zory na ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady se li\u0161\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Pripad_v_Osace_v_roce_2018_Heisei_30_uznal_pravo_na_zverejneni\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad v \u00d3sace v roce 2018 (Heisei 30) uznal pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed\">P\u0159\u00edpad v \u00d3sace v roce 2018 (Heisei 30) uznal pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Tokijsky_okresni_soud_oddeleni_pro_dusevni_vlastnictvi_v_roce_2020_Reiwa_2_rozhodl_ze_neuznava_pravo_na_zverejneni\" title=\"Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, odd\u011blen\u00ed pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, v roce 2020 (Reiwa 2) rozhodl, \u017ee neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed\">Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, odd\u011blen\u00ed pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, v roce 2020 (Reiwa 2) rozhodl, \u017ee neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Stav_nespecifikovatelnosti_je_zjevne_nespravedlivy\" title=\"Stav nespecifikovatelnosti je zjevn\u011b nespravedliv\u00fd\">Stav nespecifikovatelnosti je zjevn\u011b nespravedliv\u00fd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Moznost_trestniho_rizeni\" title=\"Mo\u017enost trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed\">Mo\u017enost trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/difficulty-in-identifying-criminals-on-twitter\/#Moznost_zmeny_zakona\" title=\"Mo\u017enost zm\u011bny z\u00e1kona\">Mo\u017enost zm\u011bny z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Problem_s_%E2%80%9CIP_adresou_pri_prihlaseni%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Probl\u00e9m s &#8220;IP adresou p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_1080775979-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7832\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">St\u00e1vaj\u00ed se probl\u00e9mem ustanoven\u00ed z\u00e1kona a proces identifikace autora.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_proces_zadosti_o_odhaleni_informaci_o_odesilateli\"><\/span>Co je to proces \u017e\u00e1dosti o odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejprve, proces identifikace p\u016fvodce takzvan\u00e9ho neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku, nebo jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00edm jazykem, \u017e\u00e1dost o odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli, je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u017d\u00e1dost o odhalen\u00ed &#8220;IP adresy pou\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159i neleg\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221; je pod\u00e1na spr\u00e1vci str\u00e1nky, na kter\u00e9 byl p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek odesl\u00e1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> &#8220;IP adresa pou\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159i neleg\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221; je odhalena. Jakmile je zn\u00e1ma IP adresa, je mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat poskytovatele internetu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> Poskytovateli internetu je pod\u00e1na \u017e\u00e1dost o odhalen\u00ed &#8220;jm\u00e9na a adresy smluvn\u00ed strany, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159i\u0159azeny dan\u00e9 IP adrese v dob\u011b neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> Jm\u00e9no a adresa jsou odhaleny poskytovatelem internetu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>A tyto kroky jsou povoleny na z\u00e1klad\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch ustanoven\u00ed v r\u00e1mci japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f (Provider Liability Limitation Law).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed z\u00e1znamy (tzv. &#8220;logs&#8221;) t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 poru\u0161uj\u00ed pr\u00e1va, mus\u00ed odhalit informace o odes\u00edlateli, kter\u00e9 lze z t\u011bchto z\u00e1znam\u016f zjistit. (*)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobnosti o konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch ustanoven\u00edch a dal\u0161\u00edch aspektech \u017e\u00e1dosti o odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli jsou podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btleny v samostatn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyznam_a_obsah_pravniho_ustanoveni_%E2%80%9Ctykajici_se_poruseni%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>V\u00fdznam a obsah pr\u00e1vn\u00edho ustanoven\u00ed &#8220;t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nyn\u00ed se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me k probl\u00e9mu, kter\u00fdm je v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd v\u00fdraz &#8220;t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;. Typicky se t\u00edm mysl\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na 5chan, tedy komunikace v dob\u011b tohoto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. Je to podle v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho postupu. Av\u0161ak str\u00e1nky jako Twitter, Facebook, Instagram ve skute\u010dnosti nesleduj\u00ed informace o &#8220;IP adrese, ze kter\u00e9 byl p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek odesl\u00e1n&#8221;. Syst\u00e9mov\u011b zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed pouze IP adresu p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad na Twitteru u\u010din\u00edte neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek, dan\u00fd u\u017eivatel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>nejprve se p\u0159ihl\u00e1s\u00ed z ur\u010dit\u00e9 IP adresy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> a v tomto stavu p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed provede neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed tweet<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale i kdy\u017e je zaznamen\u00e1n p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed IP adresn\u00ed log t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u010d\u00e1sti 1, IP adresa v dob\u011b tweetu (p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku) podle \u010d\u00e1sti 2 nen\u00ed zaznamen\u00e1na. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed i pro Facebook, Instagram a podobn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Postup_pri_identifikaci_autora_prispevku_na_platformach_jako_Twitter\"><\/span>Postup p\u0159i identifikaci autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na platform\u00e1ch jako Twitter<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud se sna\u017e\u00edme identifikovat autora neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na platform\u00e1ch jako Twitter, postup je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u017d\u00e1d\u00e1me spr\u00e1vce str\u00e1nky, na kter\u00e9 pachatel p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek zve\u0159ejnil (Twitter), o poskytnut\u00ed &#8220;IP adresy v dob\u011b neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221; a &#8220;IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dtu&#8221;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;IP adresa v dob\u011b neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221; nen\u00ed v logu ulo\u017eena, tak\u017ee Twitter poskytne pouze &#8220;IP adresu p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dtu&#8221;. Pokud zn\u00e1me IP adresu, m\u016f\u017eeme identifikovat poskytovatele internetu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u017d\u00e1d\u00e1me dan\u00e9ho poskytovatele internetu o poskytnut\u00ed &#8220;jm\u00e9na a adresy smluvn\u00edho partnera, kter\u00e9mu byla dan\u00e1 IP adresa p\u0159id\u011blena v dob\u011b p\u0159ed a po neleg\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m je, zda je t\u0159et\u00ed bod p\u0159ijateln\u00fd. Prvn\u00ed bod je b\u011b\u017en\u00fd, tak\u017ee pokud m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vnick\u00e1 kancel\u00e1\u0159 znalosti v t\u00e9to oblasti, je to mo\u017en\u00e9 stejn\u011b jako u b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch soudn\u00edch spor\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti. Na\u0161e kancel\u00e1\u0159 m\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed zku\u0161enosti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/instagram-spoofing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/instagram-spoofing[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CPrihlaseny_uzivatel%E2%80%9D_%E2%89%92_%E2%80%9CUzivatel_ktery_prispel%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;P\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd u\u017eivatel&#8221; \u2252 &#8220;U\u017eivatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159isp\u011bl&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_1382210507-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7833\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Probl\u00e9mem je, zda lze na z\u00e1klad\u011b IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed identifikovat autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud o tom p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme zdrav\u00fdm rozumem, je velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>osoba, kter\u00e1 byla p\u0159i\u0159azena k dan\u00e9 IP adrese v dob\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>smluvn\u00ed strana linky, kter\u00e1 provedla neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed tweet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>se shoduj\u00ed. Slu\u017eby jako Twitter vy\u017eaduj\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k odesl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku a obvykle je u\u017eivatel, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fd \u00fa\u010det, jedin\u00fd. Av\u0161ak v pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpisech nen\u00ed uvedeno nic jako v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9, a ot\u00e1zkou je, zda lze p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed z\u00e1znamy pova\u017eovat za &#8220;souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s poru\u0161en\u00edm&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A v praxi, Twitter, Facebook a Instagram, jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, v\u016fbec nezaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed IP adresy p\u0159i odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, tak\u017ee pokud se \u0159ekne, \u017ee &#8220;p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed z\u00e1znamy nelze pova\u017eovat za souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s poru\u0161en\u00edm&#8221;, stane se nemo\u017en\u00fdm odhalit jm\u00e9no a adresu v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 osoby \u010d. 3, a bez ohledu na to, jak\u00fd neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek byl proveden, nebude mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat pachatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozhodnuti_o_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy_se_lisi_podle_soudu\"><\/span>Rozhodnut\u00ed o zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy se li\u0161\u00ed podle soudu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kazdy_soud_rozhoduje_nezavisle\"><\/span>Ka\u017ed\u00fd soud rozhoduje nez\u00e1visle<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Abyste pochopili z\u00e1v\u011br, kter\u00fd jsme dosp\u011bli v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b, Tokyo High Court (Tokyjsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud) a Intellectual Property High Court (Vrchn\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed) ukazuj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 (jak lze interpretovat) rozhodnut\u00ed ohledn\u011b t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee v soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad doj\u00edt k situaci, kdy Tokyo District Court (Okresn\u00ed soud v Tokiu) a Osaka District Court (Okresn\u00ed soud v \u00d3sace) ukazuj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed ohledn\u011b ur\u010dit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Proto\u017ee soudci posuzuj\u00ed ka\u017edou ot\u00e1zku nez\u00e1visle, je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se jejich rozhodnut\u00ed li\u0161\u00ed. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, jak p\u0159\u00edpad postupuje do druh\u00e9ho a t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b, nakonec Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud vyj\u00e1d\u0159\u00ed sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor, kter\u00fd se stane &#8220;precedentem&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soudy obecn\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed soud\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edmo nad nimi. Tak\u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad Tokyo District Court n\u00e1sleduje rozhodnut\u00ed Tokyo High Court, a v\u0161echny soudy krom\u011b Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu. Proto se rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu st\u00e1v\u00e1 de facto pravidlem, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed v\u0161echny n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed soudy, a st\u00e1v\u00e1 se &#8220;precedentem&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zpracovani_obecnych_pripadu_a_pripadu_tykajicich_se_dusevniho_vlastnictvi\"><\/span>Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed obecn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_243122509-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7834\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">P\u0159\u00edpady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed jsou \u0159e\u0161eny specializovan\u00fdmi odd\u011blen\u00edmi a vrchn\u00edmi soudy.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Co je je\u0161t\u011b slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, soudy v Tokiu se obecn\u011b d\u011bl\u00ed na:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Obecn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady: Tokyo District Court (obecn\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed obecn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f) \u2192 Tokyo High Court \u2192 Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> P\u0159\u00edpady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed: Odd\u011blen\u00ed pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed Tokyo District Court \u2192 Intellectual Property High Court \u2192 Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tak\u017ee existuj\u00ed dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed v\u011btve. Obecn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady a p\u0159\u00edpady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed jsou \u0159e\u0161eny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi vrchn\u00edmi soudy a\u017e do druh\u00e9ho stupn\u011b. A v d\u016fsledku toho,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">I kdy\u017e jsou oba soudy v Tokiu, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k rozd\u00edln\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm mezi Tokyo High Court a Intellectual Property High Court. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k rozd\u00edln\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm i na prvn\u00edm stupni mezi obecn\u00fdm odd\u011blen\u00edm a odd\u011blen\u00edm pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento jev m\u016f\u017ee nastat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8230;a\u010dkoli je tato diskuze komplikovan\u00e1 a vy\u017eaduje del\u0161\u00ed \u00favod, Tokyo High Court a Intellectual Property High Court dosp\u011bly k n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm rozhodnut\u00edm ohledn\u011b ot\u00e1zky &#8220;IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tokijsky_vrchni_soud_potvrdil_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy\"><\/span>Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud potvrdil zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_%E2%80%9Cpredstirani%E2%80%9D_z_roku_Heisei_29_2017\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; z roku Heisei 29 (2017)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud vydal n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed rozsudek v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b takzvan\u00e9ho &#8220;p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; na Twitteru, kde do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na jm\u00e9no a pr\u00e1va na obraz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u2460 Mechanismus Twitteru spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed do nastaven\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dtu (odesl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f) a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku v p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9m stavu (odesl\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed) (celkov\u00fd smysl argumentace), a je nezbytn\u00e9 odeslat p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed \u00fadaje pro odesl\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed. \u2461 \u010cl\u00e1nek 4 odstavec 1 z\u00e1kona neuv\u00e1d\u00ed &#8220;informace o odes\u00edlateli poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed&#8221;, ale uv\u00e1d\u00ed &#8220;informace o odes\u00edlateli t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v&#8221; s ur\u010ditou \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed, a pokud jde o informace o odes\u00edlateli, kter\u00e9 lze zjistit z poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed, m\u011bly by b\u00fdt zve\u0159ejn\u011bny, pokud jde o informace o odes\u00edlateli, kter\u00e9 lze zjistit z poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee informace o odes\u00edlateli, kter\u00e9 lze zjistit p\u0159i odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za &#8220;informace o odes\u00edlateli t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v&#8221; podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 4 odstavce 1 z\u00e1kona.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud, Heisei 29 (2017), \u010d\u00edslo 5572<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Je to trochu slo\u017eit\u00e9, ale v podstat\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Na Twitteru nelze p\u0159isp\u00edvat bez p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fd text neomezuje v\u00fdslovn\u011b na &#8220;\u010das p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221;, ale &#8220;t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221; je pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tak\u017ee i v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy je zve\u0159ejn\u011bna pouze IP adresa p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, poskytovatel by m\u011bl zve\u0159ejnit jm\u00e9no a adresu, podle tohoto rozsudku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, pro\u010d je takzvan\u00e9 &#8220;p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, najdete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-dentityright\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-dentityright[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"O_moznosti_rozdilu_mezi_osobou_ktera_se_prihlasila_a_osobou_ktera_prispela\"><\/span>O mo\u017enosti rozd\u00edlu mezi osobou, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila, a osobou, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bla<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, abstraktn\u011b vzato, existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee &#8220;osoba, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila&#8221; a &#8220;osoba, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bla&#8221; nejsou toto\u017en\u00e9. K tomuto probl\u00e9mu tento rozsudek uv\u00e1d\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>IP adresa atd., kterou m\u00e1 \u017ealovan\u00fd, je pouze \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed IP adresy a \u010dasov\u00e9ho raz\u00edtka p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k tomuto \u00fa\u010dtu, a je uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee existuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed IP adres a \u010dasov\u00fdch raz\u00edtek p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k tomuto \u00fa\u010dtu krom\u011b t\u00e9to IP adresy. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee nen\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9, \u017ee stejn\u00e1 osoba se p\u0159ihla\u0161uje ke stejn\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010dtu po dobu v\u00edce ne\u017e jednoho roku, i kdy\u017e m\u00e1 p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 IP adresy od v\u00edce poskytovatel\u016f. A jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, mechanismus Twitteru spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k nastaven\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010dtu (odesl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f) a p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku v p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9m stavu (odesl\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed), tak\u017ee bez ohledu na \u010dasovou posloupnost, <u>je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee osoba, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila, a osoba, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bla, jsou toto\u017en\u00e9<\/u>. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, tento \u00fa\u010det byl pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n tak, \u017ee zobrazoval profil apod. \u017ealobce, kter\u00fd se p\u0159edst\u00edral, na hlavn\u00ed str\u00e1nce, zat\u00edmco tweety byly neve\u0159ejn\u00e9, a nebyly uzn\u00e1ny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 okolnosti, kter\u00e9 by br\u00e1nily t\u00e9to toto\u017enosti, jako je sd\u00edlen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dtu v\u00edce osobami pro obchodn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely nebo zm\u011bna u\u017eivatele \u00fa\u010dtu.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud, Heisei 29 (2017), \u010d\u00edslo 5572<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Stru\u010dn\u011b shrnuto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>I kdy\u017e se k dan\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010dtu p\u0159ihla\u0161uje z r\u016fzn\u00fdch IP adres poskytovatel\u016f, nen\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9, \u017ee stejn\u00e1 osoba pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00edce linek (nap\u0159\u00edklad dom\u00e1c\u00ed linku, firemn\u00ed linku, mobiln\u00ed linku, linku hotelu na cest\u00e1ch atd.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nezd\u00e1 se, \u017ee by byly d\u016fvody k p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o \u00fa\u010det pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd pro obchodn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely pr\u00e1vnickou osobou, nebo \u017ee se zm\u011bnil u\u017eivatel \u00fa\u010dtu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt zam\u00edtnuto na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch abstraktn\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Intelektualni_vlastnicky_soud_odmitl_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy\"><\/span>Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud odm\u00edtl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_1049504825-1024x647.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7835\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud se ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve vypo\u0159\u00e1dal s podobn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_neopravneneho_zverejneni_fotografii_z_roku_2016_Heisei_28\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed fotografi\u00ed z roku 2016 (Heisei 28)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud vydal n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed rozsudek v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed fotografi\u00ed na Instagramu (poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f (japonsk\u00fd Provider Liability Limitation Act) v \u010dl\u00e1nku 4 odstavec 1 stanovuje (vynech\u00e1no)&#8230;, \u017ee &#8220;IP adresa t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed&#8221; nezahrnuje ty, kter\u00e9 nesouvis\u00ed s odesl\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 \u017ee \u010dasov\u00e9 raz\u00edtko nesouvisej\u00edc\u00ed s odesl\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed nespad\u00e1 pod &#8220;datum a \u010das odesl\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed&#8221; podle stejn\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku 7.<br><\/p>\n<cite> Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud, rok 2016 (Heisei 28), \u010d\u00edslo p\u0159\u00edpadu 10101 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, &#8220;t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 &#8220;v dob\u011b neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221;, a proto nelze na z\u00e1klad\u011b IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed povolit zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Je_zaver_%E2%80%9Cnemoznost_zverejneni_jmena_a_adresy%E2%80%9D_nespravedlivy\"><\/span>Je z\u00e1v\u011br &#8220;nemo\u017enost zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy&#8221; nespravedliv\u00fd?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak v praxi, pokud je takto rozhodnuto, u slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e9 neukl\u00e1daj\u00ed logy IP adres p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku, tedy u Twitteru, Facebooku a Instagramu, se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy je prakticky nemo\u017en\u00e9. Strana \u017ealobce v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b takov\u00fd argument p\u0159edlo\u017eila, ale Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud k tomuto probl\u00e9mu uvedl n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>(Z\u00e1kon) je ustanoven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo vytvo\u0159eno za \u00fa\u010delem vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1jm\u016f odes\u00edlatele, jako je pr\u00e1vo na soukrom\u00ed, svoboda projevu, tajemstv\u00ed komunikace atd., s pr\u00e1vy a z\u00e1jmy t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed byli poru\u0161eni, jako je zastaven\u00ed, n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody atd. Z\u00e1kon o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo po\u017eadovat zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli v r\u00e1mci tohoto rozsahu. A (vynech\u00e1no)&#8230; mezi pr\u00e1vy uzn\u00e1van\u00fdmi v Z\u00e1konu o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f a jeho prov\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edch p\u0159edpisech na po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed, nejsou zahrnuty IP adresa p\u0159i posledn\u00edm p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed a \u010dasov\u00e9 raz\u00edtko k n\u00ed. Nav\u00edc, i kdy\u017e se zohledn\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed \u00fastavy, kter\u00e1 \u017ealobce tvrd\u00ed, a jejich z\u00e1m\u011br, nelze \u017ealobci p\u0159iznat pr\u00e1vo po\u017eadovat zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli, kter\u00e9 nejsou stanoveny v z\u00e1kon\u011b. Proto argument \u017ealobce z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze na \u00farovni legislativn\u00ed teorie a je nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd.<br><\/p>\n<cite> Intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnick\u00fd soud, rok 2016 (Heisei 28), \u010d\u00edslo p\u0159\u00edpadu 10101 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Osoby, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed na Twitter, Facebook, Instagram atd., maj\u00ed pr\u00e1va a z\u00e1jmy, jako je pr\u00e1vo na soukrom\u00ed, svoboda projevu, tajemstv\u00ed komunikace atd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ob\u011bti, kter\u00e9 byly poru\u0161eny takov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 z\u00e1jem na n\u00e1prav\u011b \u0161kody, jako je po\u017eadavek na odstran\u011bn\u00ed, n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody atd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Toto je diskuse, kter\u00e1 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee pr\u00e1vo na po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli podle Z\u00e1kona o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f bylo stanoveno za \u00fa\u010delem vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed t\u011bchto prvk\u016f, a \u017ee bez ohledu na diskusi o zm\u011bn\u011b z\u00e1kona, &#8220;interpretace, kter\u00e1 by umo\u017enila zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed i p\u0159i zkreslen\u00ed slov z\u00e1kona&#8221;, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee i kdy\u017e je &#8220;nemo\u017en\u00e9 zve\u0159ejnit jm\u00e9no a adresu&#8221;, poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed. Proto je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat odstran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/copyright-infringement-on-instagram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/copyright-infringement-on-instagram[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neexistuje_zadne_rozhodnuti_Nejvyssiho_soudu_a_nazory_na_nedavne_pripady_se_lisi\"><\/span>Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu a n\u00e1zory na ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady se li\u0161\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud dosud nevydal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se t\u00e9to problematiky. Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, v relativn\u011b ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 dob\u011b, v letech 2016 a 2017 (Heisei 28, 29), vydaly Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud a Vrchn\u00ed soud pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed. Proto se n\u00e1zory li\u0161\u00ed i v prvn\u00ed instanci od roku 2018 (Heisei 30) a pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_566238094-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7836\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">P\u0159edstavujeme v\u00e1m ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_v_Osace_v_roce_2018_Heisei_30_uznal_pravo_na_zverejneni\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad v \u00d3sace v roce 2018 (Heisei 30) uznal pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Obecn\u011b lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee kdy\u017e firmy nebo r\u016fzn\u00e9 organizace vlastn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det na Twitteru a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ho k publikov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f o sv\u00fdch aktivit\u00e1ch, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00edce lid\u00ed z t\u00e9to organizace nebo skupiny p\u0159isp\u00edvat z jednoho \u00fa\u010dtu, nebo se v\u00edce lid\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1sit k jednomu \u00fa\u010dtu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 uznat, \u017ee tento \u00fa\u010det je vlastn\u011bn nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n n\u011bjakou skupinou nebo organizac\u00ed (na z\u00e1klad\u011b jm\u00e9na \u00fa\u010dtu nebo u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na). Nav\u00edc, vzhledem k kontinuit\u011b obsahu p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b problematick\u00e9, je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 p\u0159edstavit si, \u017ee tyto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky byly vytvo\u0159eny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi lidmi. Neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed okolnosti, kter\u00e9 by nazna\u010dovaly, \u017ee tento \u00fa\u010det byl pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v\u00edce lidmi pro publikov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, nebo \u017ee se v\u00edce lid\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1silo k tomuto \u00fa\u010dtu.<br><\/p>\n<cite> \u00d3sack\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, 2018 (Heisei 30) (Wa) \u010d. 1917 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d3sack\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud rozhodl, jak je uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, \u017ee &#8220;pokud se zd\u00e1, \u017ee \u00fa\u010det pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jedna osoba, m\u011blo by b\u00fdt mo\u017en\u00e9 uznat pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy i na z\u00e1klad\u011b IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tokijsky_okresni_soud_oddeleni_pro_dusevni_vlastnictvi_v_roce_2020_Reiwa_2_rozhodl_ze_neuznava_pravo_na_zverejneni\"><\/span>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, odd\u011blen\u00ed pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, v roce 2020 (Reiwa 2) rozhodl, \u017ee neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Z textu (japonsk\u00e9ho) z\u00e1kona je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee se t\u00fdk\u00e1 informac\u00ed o samotn\u00e9m poru\u0161iteli. (Vynech\u00e1no) Nav\u00edc, pokud by byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje, jako je adresa a jm\u00e9no, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se IP adresy n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho, kdo provedl p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, mohlo by to neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b poru\u0161it jeho tajemstv\u00ed komunikace nebo soukrom\u00ed. P\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed toho je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 odvodit v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd v\u00fdklad p\u0159\u00edmo z nutnosti zajistit mo\u017enost uplatn\u011bn\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch pr\u00e1v ob\u011bti, kter\u00e1 p\u0159esahuje doslovn\u00fd v\u00fdznam ustanoven\u00ed z\u00e1kona.<br><\/p>\n<cite> Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, Reiwa 1 (2019) (Wa) \u010d. 14446 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Odd\u011blen\u00ed pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed fotografi\u00ed na Instagramu (poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v), rozhodlo, jak je uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, \u017ee &#8220;nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda se zd\u00e1, \u017ee \u00fa\u010det pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jedna osoba&#8221;, a d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost doslovn\u00e9mu v\u00fdznamu z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alespo\u0148 v soudn\u00edch dvorech v Tokiu,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Obecn\u00e9 civiln\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed, mimo odd\u011blen\u00ed pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed, nerozhoduje striktn\u011b podle doslovn\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu z\u00e1kona a p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed zohled\u0148uje mo\u017enost uzn\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy i na z\u00e1klad\u011b IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> Odd\u011blen\u00ed pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost doslovn\u00e9mu v\u00fdznamu z\u00e1kona a p\u0159i zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159uje k n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9na a adresy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee existuje takov\u00fd trend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stav_nespecifikovatelnosti_je_zjevne_nespravedlivy\"><\/span>Stav nespecifikovatelnosti je zjevn\u011b nespravedliv\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud by tento \u00fasudek pokra\u010doval, u slu\u017eeb jako Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, kter\u00e9 neudr\u017euj\u00ed logy IP adres p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch a ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed pouze IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee je vysok\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee nebudou moci z\u00edskat odhalen\u00ed jmen a adres u tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed a vysok\u00e9ho soudu pro du\u0161evn\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed. Nav\u00edc, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud dosud nep\u0159ijal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad odvol\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se tohoto probl\u00e9mu, tak\u017ee nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, kdy bude mo\u017en\u00e9 se obr\u00e1tit na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na Twitteru, Facebooku a Instagramu, bez ohledu na to, jak moc jsou poru\u0161ov\u00e1na autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (a pr\u00e1va du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed), je zjevn\u011b nespravedliv\u00e9, \u017ee nelze po\u017eadovat identifikaci autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek rozhodn\u011b nem\u00e1 za c\u00edl podporovat poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na t\u011bchto str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, ale jako pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 mnoha takov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpady, mus\u00edme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b neexistuje jasn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, jak identifikovat pachatele poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v (atd.) na Twitteru, Facebooku a Instagramu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Teoreticky existuj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed mo\u017enosti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moznost_trestniho_rizeni\"><\/span>Mo\u017enost trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat odhalen\u00ed IP adresy p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, poskytovatel je zn\u00e1m\u00fd, tak\u017ee by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 podat \u017ealobu za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a po\u017e\u00e1dat policii, aby provedla vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed u dan\u00e9ho poskytovatele. Z\u00e1kon o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f je ur\u010den k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed odhalen\u00ed jmen a adres od poskytovatel\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00edch postup\u016f, zat\u00edmco policie m\u016f\u017ee po\u017eadovat odhalen\u00ed log\u016f od poskytovatel\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b sv\u00fdch vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00edch pravomoc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry bude japonsk\u00e1 policie v\u00e1\u017en\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159ovat p\u0159\u00edpady poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v atd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> Pokud je rozhodnuto, \u017ee &#8220;nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee osoba, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila, je stejn\u00e1 jako autor p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku&#8221;, i na ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00farovni, je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se stejn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed bude uplat\u0148ovat i v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (v d\u016fsledku toho m\u016f\u017ee policie m\u00edt tendenci se vyh\u00fdbat p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm a vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed takov\u00e9 obavy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moznost_zmeny_zakona\"><\/span>Mo\u017enost zm\u011bny z\u00e1kona<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f je,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>ve skute\u010dnosti, obecn\u011b, neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo po\u017eadovat odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o pachateli od ob\u011bti podle \u00fastavy nebo ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li> Z\u00e1kon o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f je v\u00fdjimkou z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho pravidla a umo\u017e\u0148uje odhalen\u00ed v &#8220;ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech&#8221; jako v\u00fdjimku<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Je to z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd byl vytvo\u0159en s touto strukturou, a skute\u010dnost, \u017ee &#8220;ur\u010dit\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady&#8221; jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 omezen\u00e9, je podstatou probl\u00e9mu. Zm\u011bna z\u00e1kona je nejfundament\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm, ale v praxi nen\u00ed zm\u011bna z\u00e1kona jednoduch\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Obecn\u011b se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee pokud na internetu prov\u00e1d\u00edte neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1pisy a podobn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt va\u0161e identita odhalena a m\u016f\u017eete \u010delit n\u00e1roku na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee identi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[39,21],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61374"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61374"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63367,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61374\/revisions\/63367"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}