{"id":61377,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61377"},"modified":"2024-03-26T17:49:17","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T08:49:17","slug":"protection-author-moral-rights","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights","title":{"rendered":"Co je ochrana autorsk\u00fdch osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a cti nebo pov\u011bsti?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Jak jsme ji\u017e vysv\u011btlili v jin\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku na na\u0161em webu, autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo se li\u0161\u00ed od ostatn\u00edch pr\u00e1v du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed, jako je patentov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, v tom, \u017ee nen\u00ed t\u0159eba pod\u00e1vat \u017e\u00e1dost. Jakmile je d\u00edlo vytvo\u0159eno, jeho autor automaticky z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00e1va osobnosti autora<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tato pr\u00e1va vznikaj\u00ed automaticky (bezform\u00e1ln\u00ed princip).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1va osobnosti autora zahrnuj\u00ed &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na publikaci&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 18 Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o autorsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu), &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na uveden\u00ed jm\u00e9na&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 19) a &#8220;pr\u00e1vo na zachov\u00e1n\u00ed identity&#8221; (\u010dl\u00e1nek 20). Tato pr\u00e1va chr\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy autora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/unauthorized-photo-reproduction-on-the-internet-author-moral-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/unauthorized-photo-reproduction-on-the-internet-author-moral-rights[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le, i kdy\u017e \u010dinnost nespad\u00e1 pod tyto kategorie, pokud je d\u00edlo vyu\u017eito zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst autora, je to pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v osobnosti autora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Poskozeni_cti_nebo_povesti\" title=\"Po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti\">Po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Pripad_poruseni_cti_nebo_povesti_fotografa\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti fotografa\">P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti fotografa<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Nahrani_fotografie_na_dospelacky_web\" title=\"Nahr\u00e1n\u00ed fotografie na dosp\u011bl\u00e1ck\u00fd web\">Nahr\u00e1n\u00ed fotografie na dosp\u011bl\u00e1ck\u00fd web<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Pripad_poruseni_cti_nebo_povesti_pri_adaptaci_dila\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti p\u0159i adaptaci d\u00edla\">P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti p\u0159i adaptaci d\u00edla<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Zmena_scenare_v_rozporu_s_autorskym_zamerem\" title=\"Zm\u011bna sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e v rozporu s autorsk\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem\">Zm\u011bna sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e v rozporu s autorsk\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Pripad_poruseni_cti_nebo_povesti_mangaka\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti mangaka\">P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti mangaka<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Vyuziti_karikatury_v_politickem_planu\" title=\"Vyu\u017eit\u00ed karikatury v politick\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu\">Vyu\u017eit\u00ed karikatury v politick\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/protection-author-moral-rights\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Poskozeni_cti_nebo_povesti\"><\/span>Po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed d\u00edla autora zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje jeho \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst, je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a autor m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo \u017e\u00e1dat o zastaven\u00ed, n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody, opat\u0159en\u00ed na obnovu cti v civiln\u00edm procesu a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 trestn\u011b st\u00edh\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 113 Japonsk\u00e9ho autorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona<br>Odsek 7: Pou\u017eit\u00ed d\u00edla autora zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje jeho \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst, je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Toto ustanoven\u00ed nen\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u011b definov\u00e1no jako pr\u00e1vo, ale je naz\u00fdv\u00e1no &#8220;presumpce poru\u0161en\u00ed cti a pov\u011bsti&#8221; a je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za pr\u00e1vo rovnocenn\u00e9 s pr\u00e1vem na publikaci, pr\u00e1vem na uveden\u00ed jm\u00e9na a pr\u00e1vem na zachov\u00e1n\u00ed identity v r\u00e1mci autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010diny tedy spadaj\u00ed pod &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00ed d\u00edla autora zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje jeho \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst&#8221;? Jak\u00e9 \u010diny znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dest a pov\u011bst, kterou si autor vybudoval, jsou naru\u0161eny pou\u017eit\u00edm jeho d\u00edla? Klasick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je pou\u017eit\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9ho d\u00edla v reklam\u011b na ne\u0159esti, ale to nen\u00ed v\u0161e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_poruseni_cti_nebo_povesti_fotografa\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti fotografa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_1501401314-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7885\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00ed d\u00edla po\u0161kozuje \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst autora?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ned\u00e1vno se objevil p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed fotograf po\u017eadoval od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed od \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd bez jeho svolen\u00ed po dobu v\u00edce ne\u017e jednoho roku zve\u0159ej\u0148oval jeho fotografie na tituln\u00ed str\u00e1nce dosp\u011bl\u00e1ck\u00e9ho webu (webu s informacemi o erotick\u00fdch podnic\u00edch), kter\u00fd \u017ealovan\u00fd provozuje, spolu s vulg\u00e1rn\u00edmi obr\u00e1zky a podobn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalovan\u00fd nahr\u00e1l na sv\u016fj web no\u010dn\u00ed fotografii, kter\u00e1 je d\u00edlem \u017ealobce, a t\u00edm poru\u0161il autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va \u017ealobce (pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed), co\u017e je podle \u017ealobce \u010din, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje jeho \u010dest a pov\u011bst jako autora. Soud uznal, \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00fd, p\u0159esto\u017ee byl p\u0159edvol\u00e1n, se nedostavil k \u00fastn\u00edmu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a nepodal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 dokumenty, a proto se nepokusil vyvr\u00e1tit skute\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159edm\u011btem \u017ealoby, a pova\u017eoval to za dozn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nahrani_fotografie_na_dospelacky_web\"><\/span>Nahr\u00e1n\u00ed fotografie na dosp\u011bl\u00e1ck\u00fd web<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud d\u00e1le uznal, \u017ee \u017ealobce je tv\u016frcem a autorem dan\u00e9 fotografie a \u017ee \u017ealovan\u00fd poru\u0161il autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va \u017ealobce (pr\u00e1vo na rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed) t\u00edm, \u017ee fotografii zkop\u00edroval a nahr\u00e1l na sv\u016fj web. Nav\u00edc, soud uznal, \u017ee \u010din \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, vzhledem k zp\u016fsobu pou\u017eit\u00ed fotografie na webu \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, po\u0161kozuje \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst \u017ealobce a je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za poru\u0161en\u00ed osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1v autora (rozhodnut\u00ed Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 30. \u0159\u00edjna 2019 (rok 1 Reiwa)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud d\u00e1le na\u0159\u00eddil \u017ealovan\u00e9mu zaplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v ve v\u00fd\u0161i 32400 jen\u016f, co\u017e je obvykl\u00e1 cena za pou\u017eit\u00ed fotografie, a 300000 jen\u016f jako od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za poru\u0161en\u00ed osobnostn\u00edch pr\u00e1v autora, plus 30000 jen\u016f na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, celkem 362400 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_poruseni_cti_nebo_povesti_pri_adaptaci_dila\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti p\u0159i adaptaci d\u00edla<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_1040799760-1024x675.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7886\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy byla \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst poru\u0161ena zm\u011bnou sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy autor po\u017eadoval od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a po\u017eadoval zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed omluvy od producent\u016f televizn\u00edho dramatu a TV Tokyo, proto\u017ee zm\u011bny z\u00e1kladn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu p\u0159i adaptaci report\u00e1\u017en\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Probuzen\u00ed&#8221; na televizn\u00ed drama poru\u0161ily autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Origin\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edlo autora popisuje, jak hlavn\u00ed hrdinka, man\u017eelka zam\u011bstnance stavebn\u00ed firmy, kter\u00fd byl vysl\u00e1n na s\u00f3lovou misi do Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie, cht\u011bla j\u00edt se sv\u00fdm man\u017eelem, ale kv\u016fli situaci ve firm\u011b to nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9. P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh popisuje, jak se sna\u017e\u00ed realizovat sv\u016fj z\u00e1m\u011br j\u00edt s n\u00edm, jak se st\u00e1v\u00e1 nez\u00e1vislou jako \u010dlov\u011bk a jak roste. P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh kon\u010d\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee man\u017eel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli b\u00fdt spojeni l\u00e1skou, si uv\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee jsou ve skute\u010dnosti jednou organizac\u00ed a \u017ee stoj\u00ed na rozd\u011blen\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, kde &#8220;mu\u017e je v pr\u00e1ci, \u017eena je doma&#8221;, a nakonec se rozvedou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u017ealovan\u00ed vytvo\u0159ili sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 pro drama &#8220;P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh zl\u00e9 man\u017eelky? Man\u017eel nikam nep\u016fjde! Zastavte s\u00f3lovou misi do zahrani\u010d\u00ed&#8221; na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto d\u00edla. Kdy\u017e to autor zkontroloval, zjistil, \u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kreativn\u00ed my\u0161lenka, kter\u00e1 je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm t\u00e9matem jeho d\u00edla, byla z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bn\u011bna, a proto nemohl souhlasit s adaptac\u00ed na drama. Proto\u017ee ob\u017ealovan\u00ed nemohli z\u00edskat souhlas autora, p\u016fvodn\u011b uvedli autora jako p\u016fvodn\u00edho autora dramatu a jeho d\u00edlo jako p\u016fvodn\u00ed d\u00edlo, ale narychlo odstranili jm\u00e9no p\u016fvodn\u00edho autora a n\u00e1zev p\u016fvodn\u00edho d\u00edla a vys\u00edlali toto televizn\u00ed drama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zmena_scenare_v_rozporu_s_autorskym_zamerem\"><\/span>Zm\u011bna sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e v rozporu s autorsk\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd ob\u017ealovan\u00ed zm\u011bnili, je zcela stejn\u00fd jako origin\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edlo autora v nastaven\u00ed situace a v\u00fdvoji p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu a\u017e do poloviny, ale pot\u00e9, co hlavn\u00ed hrdinka za\u010dne pracovat a je pln\u00e1 \u017eivota, uv\u011bdom\u00ed si, \u017ee byla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 fixovan\u00e1 na &#8220;l\u00e1sku&#8221; a byla nezralou man\u017eelkou, kter\u00e1 byla jako d\u00edt\u011b. Lituje, \u017ee cht\u011bla j\u00edt s man\u017eelem na s\u00f3lovou misi, co\u017e nebylo to, co by m\u011bla b\u00fdt jako man\u017eelka, omlouv\u00e1 se man\u017eelovi, nech\u00e1v\u00e1 ho j\u00edt na s\u00f3lovou misi, chr\u00e1n\u00ed jeho domov v jeho nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti a nach\u00e1z\u00ed radost v tom, \u017ee si na\u0161la sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud nejprve uznal, \u017ee obvykl\u00fd poplatek za pou\u017eit\u00ed jako p\u016fvodn\u00ed d\u00edlo televizn\u00edho dramatu by m\u011bl b\u00fdt 500 000 jen\u016f, a d\u00e1le,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Nejen\u017ee byl p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh a n\u00e1zev zm\u011bn\u011bn p\u0159i adaptaci origin\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u00edla autora na toto televizn\u00ed drama, ale origin\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edlo autora, kter\u00e9 bylo naps\u00e1no jako vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed kritiky na kontrolu spole\u010dnosti nad man\u017eelkou zam\u011bstnance a jako jedna z soci\u00e1ln\u00edch aktivit na obranu pr\u00e1v \u017een a nez\u00e1vislosti \u017een, bylo zm\u011bn\u011bno na n\u011bco, co neobsahuje takov\u00e9 my\u0161lenky a kritiku. Origin\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edlo autora, kter\u00e9 vyjad\u0159uje, jak se \u017eena probouz\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u011b a hled\u00e1 svou vlastn\u00ed cestu k nez\u00e1vislosti na z\u00e1klad\u011b incidentu, kdy man\u017eel je vysl\u00e1n na s\u00f3lovou misi do zahrani\u010d\u00ed, a to s dovolen\u00edm skute\u010dn\u00e9 osoby, Fumiko Yamawaki, kter\u00e1 je modelem, bylo zm\u011bn\u011bno na p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o tom, jak naivn\u00ed man\u017eelka s \u00fazk\u00fdm soci\u00e1ln\u00edm pohledem d\u011bl\u00e1 velk\u00fd povyk o tom, \u017ee chce j\u00edt s man\u017eelem, ale nakonec se kaje a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 man\u017eelovu s\u00f3lovou misi. Toto bylo vys\u00edl\u00e1no na jedn\u00e9 z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch televizn\u00edch stanic v Japonsku od 21:00 do 21:54, co\u017e je \u010das, kdy je velmi mnoho div\u00e1k\u016f. Je uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee autor utrp\u011bl zna\u010dn\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed kv\u016fli po\u0161kozen\u00ed sv\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed cti a pov\u011bsti v d\u016fsledku poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na zachov\u00e1n\u00ed identity sv\u00e9ho origin\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u00edla t\u00edmto televizn\u00edm dramatem.<br><\/p>\n<cite>Soud v Tokiu, rozsudek ze dne 30. srpna 1993 (rok 5 Heisei)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A na\u0159\u00eddil, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00ed v rozporu s autorsk\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem&#8221; a je to poru\u0161en\u00ed identity, a &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u00edla autora zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje \u010dest nebo pov\u011bst autora, kter\u00fd se v\u011bnoval soci\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivit\u011b a psan\u00ed na obranu pr\u00e1v \u017een a nez\u00e1vislosti \u017een&#8221;, co\u017e je poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, a na\u0159\u00eddil platbu 1 milionu jen\u016f jako od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed a celkem 1,5 milionu jen\u016f a zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed omluvy na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nce rann\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Asahi Shimbun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_poruseni_cti_nebo_povesti_mangaka\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad poru\u0161en\u00ed cti nebo pov\u011bsti mangaka<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/shutterstock_173026556-1024x674.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7888\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Publikov\u00e1n\u00ed karikatury, kterou nakreslil n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd, na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f bez povolen\u00ed je poru\u0161en\u00edm autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy mangaka, kter\u00fd je \u017ealobcem, po\u017eadoval od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti od \u017ealovan\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd publikoval karikaturu nakreslenou \u017ealobcem na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f bez povolen\u00ed a pot\u00e9 publikoval \u010dl\u00e1nek na Twitteru, kter\u00fd nazna\u010doval, \u017ee obdr\u017eel v\u00fdhru\u017eku smrt\u00ed od \u017ealobce, kter\u00fd po\u017eadoval odstran\u011bn\u00ed obr\u00e1zku. Hidehiko Sato, zn\u00e1m\u00fd mangaka, kter\u00fd je autorem d\u011bl jako &#8220;Umizaru&#8221;, &#8220;Black Jack ni Yoroshiku&#8221; a &#8220;Tokkou no Shima&#8221;, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdmi t\u00fdmy \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdmi lidsk\u00fdmi torp\u00e9dy Kaiten, provozoval studio pro v\u00fdrobu mangy a webovou str\u00e1nku &#8220;Manga on Web&#8221;. Jako sou\u010d\u00e1st sv\u00fdch prodejn\u00edch aktivit nab\u00edzel slu\u017ebu, kdy nakreslil karikaturu postavy, kterou si z\u00e1kazn\u00edk p\u0159\u00e1l, na barevn\u00fd pap\u00edr a daroval ji z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi, kter\u00fd si koupil jeho d\u00edlo na t\u00e9to str\u00e1nce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalovan\u00fd si prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u00e9to str\u00e1nky koupil dv\u011b mangy od Sato a po\u017e\u00e1dal o darov\u00e1n\u00ed jedn\u00e9 karikatury c\u00edsa\u0159e Showa a sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e. Pot\u00e9 publikoval na Twitteru zpr\u00e1vu: &#8220;Chci pod\u011bkovat c\u00edsa\u0159i za v\u0161echny. Pros\u00edm, profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed tv\u016frci, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou nakreslit karikaturu c\u00edsa\u0159e. To je Cool JAPAN Now.&#8221; Pot\u00e9 nahr\u00e1l fotografii jedn\u00e9 z karikatur na webovou str\u00e1nku pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f a na Twitteru publikoval zpr\u00e1vu: &#8220;Projekt c\u00edsa\u0159e, vstupn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo 1, X. Umizaru, Black Jack ni Yoroshiku, Tokkou no Shima&#8221; a zve\u0159ejnil odkaz na webovou str\u00e1nku pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f. Tak\u00e9 nahr\u00e1l druhou karikaturu na webovou str\u00e1nku pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f a na Twitteru publikoval zpr\u00e1vu: &#8220;Ano, u\u017e m\u00e1me t\u0159et\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161ku! &#8230; Je to zase d\u00edlo pana X! To je tak roztomil\u00e9. Roztomil\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159.&#8221; a zve\u0159ejnil odkaz na webovou str\u00e1nku pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyuziti_karikatury_v_politickem_planu\"><\/span>Vyu\u017eit\u00ed karikatury v politick\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na to Sato odpov\u011bd\u011bl: &#8220;Sna\u017e\u00edme se co nejv\u00edce vyhov\u011bt po\u017eadavk\u016fm na\u0161ich z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, ale pros\u00edm, zdr\u017ete se jejich vyu\u017eit\u00ed pro politick\u00e9 nebo ideologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Ilustrace, kter\u00e9 poskytujeme, jsou ur\u010deny pro osobn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.&#8221; Po tomto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku ob\u017ealovan\u00fd odstranil fotografii karikatury z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho webu pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, ob\u017ealovan\u00fd napsal na Twitteru: &#8220;Pou\u017eil jsem stejnou taktiku jako hlavn\u00ed m\u00e9dia, aby se otr\u00e1vilo otr\u00e1vou.&#8221; &#8220;Existuj\u00ed v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 chci sd\u011blit, a\u0165 u\u017e to stoj\u00ed, co to stoj\u00ed.&#8221; &#8220;Byl jsem tak\u00e9 vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n panem X a jsem c\u00edlem \u00fatok\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edst&#8230; (zbytek vynech\u00e1n)&#8221; atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sato tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee nahr\u00e1n\u00ed karikatury na web pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f bez jeho svolen\u00ed poru\u0161uje autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed) a je to poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v autora, kdy\u017e se d\u00edlo vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje jeho pov\u011bst nebo reputaci. &#8220;Vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 &#8220;vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vra\u017edou&#8221;, tak\u017ee tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee Sato vyhro\u017eoval ob\u017ealovan\u00e9mu vra\u017edou, sni\u017euje jeho soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed. Proto podal \u017ealobu na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soud nejprve uznal poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v (pr\u00e1vo na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed) t\u00edm, \u017ee byla na web pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f nahr\u00e1na fotografie karikatury, a uvedl, \u017ee &#8220;t\u00edm, \u017ee byla vytvo\u0159ena iluze, \u017ee \u017ealobce podpo\u0159il projekt nazvan\u00fd &#8216;Projekt Jeho Veli\u010denstva&#8217; a nahr\u00e1l karikaturu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vystaven jednostrann\u00e9mu hodnocen\u00ed z politick\u00e9ho nebo ideologick\u00e9ho hlediska, co\u017e by mohlo po\u0161kodit jeho pov\u011bst nebo reputaci. Toto vyu\u017eit\u00ed karikatury je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v autora.&#8221; Soud uznal \u0161kodu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 200 000 jen\u016f zp\u016fsobenou poru\u0161en\u00edm autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 150 000 jen\u016f za poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v autora (Rozsudek Okresn\u00edho soudu v Tokiu ze dne 16. \u010dervence 2013 (2013)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho, soud uznal, \u017ee ob\u017ealovan\u00fd napsal \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd nazna\u010doval, \u017ee byl napaden nebo vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n \u017ealobcem, jako reakci na po\u017eadavek, aby odstranil karikaturu z webu pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f, a t\u00edm po\u0161kodil jeho pov\u011bst. Soud uznal od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 150 000 jen\u016f za po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti a na\u0159\u00eddil ob\u017ealovan\u00e9mu zaplatit celkem 500 000 jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-portrait-infringement-on-twitter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-portrait-infringement-on-twitter[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">D\u00edlo je tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed my\u0161lenek nebo emoc\u00ed autora. Proto je t\u0159eba se vyvarovat jak\u00e9hokoli jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohlo vyvolat pochybnosti o autorov\u011b tv\u016fr\u010d\u00edm z\u00e1m\u011bru nebo ideov\u00e9m postoji, nebo by mohlo sni\u017eovat um\u011bleckou hodnotu vyj\u00e1d\u0159enou v d\u00edle, a to prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zp\u016fsob\u016f a forem pou\u017eit\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se odchyluj\u00ed od autorova tv\u016fr\u010d\u00edho z\u00e1m\u011bru. Pokud je va\u0161e postaven\u00ed a reputace, kterou jste si vybudovali, naru\u0161ena vyu\u017eit\u00edm va\u0161eho d\u00edla, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 se obr\u00e1tit na zku\u0161en\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edka a rychle jednat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak jsme ji\u017e vysv\u011btlili v jin\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku na na\u0161em webu, autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo se li\u0161\u00ed od ostatn\u00edch pr\u00e1v du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed, jako je patentov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, v tom, \u017ee nen\u00ed t\u0159eba pod\u00e1vat \u017e\u00e1dost. Jakmile je d\u00edlo vytv [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61377"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61377"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61377\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63390,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61377\/revisions\/63390"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63389"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61377"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}