{"id":61419,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:33","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61419"},"modified":"2026-04-26T12:15:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T03:15:48","slug":"collapse-of-the-system-development-project","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 jsou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed aspekty 'ho\u0159en\u00ed' projekt\u016f na v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Projekt v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu nen\u00ed n\u011bco, co lze dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159es noc, ale vy\u017eaduje mnoho zdroj\u016f, jako je velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed a organizac\u00ed, obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz a dlouh\u00e9 obdob\u00ed v\u00fdvoje. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak lze fenom\u00e9n &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00ed&#8221; projektu p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji syst\u00e9mu uspo\u0159\u00e1dat v r\u00e1mci pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce, a shrneme tak\u00e9 sm\u011brnice pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project\/#Proc_projekty_%E2%80%9Chori%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Pro\u010d projekty &#8220;ho\u0159\u00ed&#8221;\">Pro\u010d projekty &#8220;ho\u0159\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project\/#Typ_ohne_1_Pripad_kdy_projekt_selze_uprostred\" title=\"Typ ohn\u011b 1: P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy projekt sel\u017ee uprost\u0159ed\">Typ ohn\u011b 1: P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy projekt sel\u017ee uprost\u0159ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project\/#Typ_ohne_2_Pripad_zruseni_z_duvodu_uzivatele\" title=\"Typ ohn\u011b 2: P\u0159\u00edpad zru\u0161en\u00ed z d\u016fvodu u\u017eivatele\">Typ ohn\u011b 2: P\u0159\u00edpad zru\u0161en\u00ed z d\u016fvodu u\u017eivatele<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proc_projekty_%E2%80%9Chori%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Pro\u010d projekty &#8220;ho\u0159\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednotliv\u00fd IT syst\u00e9m, i kdy\u017e nen\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 velk\u00fdm projektem, spr\u00e1vn\u011b funguje a\u017e po hromad\u011bn\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch programov\u00fdch soubor\u016f a zdrojov\u00fdch k\u00f3d\u016f. \u010casto je mnohem detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a precizn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e by si kdokoli mohl p\u0159edstavit z pohledu ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed na obrazovce (nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e, \u010d\u00edm jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a stru\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed IT syst\u00e9mu z pohledu obrazovky).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Term\u00edn dod\u00e1n\u00ed je stanoven p\u0159edem, zat\u00edmco specifikace a po\u017eadavky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejasn\u00e9, jak \u010das plyne<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010clenov\u00e9 t\u00fdmu jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zam\u011bstn\u00e1ni ot\u00e1zkami intern\u00ed politiky a mnoho z nich vypadne kv\u016fli stresu z mezilidsk\u00fdch vztah\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chyb\u00ed vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed schopnosti na \u00farovni managementu, v\u010detn\u011b projektov\u00e9ho mana\u017eera, a \u010dlen\u016fm t\u00fdmu nejsou po\u017eadov\u00e1ny adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy, komunikace a konzultace<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u016fvody pro &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00ed&#8221; projekt\u016f se mohou li\u0161it od projektu k projektu. Av\u0161ak z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska lze d\u016fvody pro &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00ed&#8221; projekt\u016f relativn\u011b jednodu\u0161e uspo\u0159\u00e1dat do n\u011bkolika typ\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Typ_ohne_1_Pripad_kdy_projekt_selze_uprostred\"><\/span>Typ ohn\u011b 1: P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy projekt sel\u017ee uprost\u0159ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V pr\u016fb\u011bhu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu je typick\u00fdm d\u016fvodem pro jeho selh\u00e1n\u00ed uprost\u0159ed nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 komunikace mezi u\u017eivateli a dodavateli. Samotn\u00fd projekt v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu vy\u017eaduje nejen odborn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 a organiza\u010dn\u00ed schopnosti dodavatele, ale tak\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci u\u017eivatel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed budou syst\u00e9m nakonec pou\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud je tedy v jednom projektu nejasn\u00e9, jakou roli ka\u017ed\u00fd z \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f hraje, a projekt pokra\u010duje v t\u00e9to nejistot\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k vzniku jak\u00e9hosi &#8220;p\u0159ehazov\u00e1n\u00ed povinnost\u00ed&#8221; a t\u00edm k naru\u0161en\u00ed hladk\u00e9ho pr\u016fb\u011bhu projektu. Pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00favahy o povinnostech u\u017eivatel\u016f a dodavatel\u016f se pros\u00edm pod\u00edvejte na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/project-management-duties\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/project-management-duties[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/user-obligatory-cooporation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/user-obligatory-cooporation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobnosti o povinnostech ka\u017ed\u00e9 strany naleznete v uveden\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch, ale kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm bodem zde je, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci jednoho projektu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu maj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 i dodavatel\u00e9 ur\u010dit\u00e9 povinnosti. Hrub\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, u\u017eivatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed povinnost spolupracovat na definov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f, n\u00e1vrhu vzhledu obrazovky atd. (tj. z\u00e1kladn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh) a p\u0159ijet\u00ed syst\u00e9mu, co\u017e je potvrzeno v minul\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00edch a soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, dodavatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 povinnost, po z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce u\u017eivatel\u016f v uveden\u00fdch oblastech (a z\u00e1rove\u0148 po vynalo\u017een\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed na komunikaci o takov\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci), zajistit hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh projektu a odstranit p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky jeho pr\u016fb\u011bhu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu, soudy ukazuj\u00ed postoj, kter\u00fd se sna\u017e\u00ed spravedliv\u011b \u0159e\u0161it v\u0161echny konflikty, ukazuj\u00ed povinnost u\u017eivatel\u016f \u0159\u00eddit intern\u00ed syst\u00e9my a povinnost dodavatel\u016f prok\u00e1zat svou odbornost a technick\u00e9 dovednosti jako extern\u00ed odborn\u00edci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Typickou situac\u00ed, kdy je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee dojde k &#8220;selh\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;, je p\u0159ijet\u00ed syst\u00e9mu. Podrobnosti o p\u0159ijet\u00ed jsou vysv\u011btleny v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/estimated-inspection-of-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/estimated-inspection-of-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, jakmile dojde ke konfliktu, d\u016fle\u017eitou roli hraj\u00ed objektivn\u011b ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, jako je v\u00fdvoj minul\u00fdch projekt\u016f a obsah jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto zde \u010dasto hraje velkou roli dokumentace, kter\u00e1 byla p\u0159edem zaznamen\u00e1na. Pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed pozice je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u016fkladn\u00e9 veden\u00ed dokumentace. Podrobn\u00fd v\u00fdklad z hlediska d\u016fle\u017eitosti spr\u00e1vy dokument\u016f v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/the-minutes-in-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/the-minutes-in-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Typ_ohne_2_Pripad_zruseni_z_duvodu_uzivatele\"><\/span>Typ ohn\u011b 2: P\u0159\u00edpad zru\u0161en\u00ed z d\u016fvodu u\u017eivatele<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"735\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-72972\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project-2.jpg 735w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/04\/collapse-of-the-system-development-project-2-250x167.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Co znamen\u00e1 zru\u0161en\u00ed uprost\u0159ed projektu?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee projekt bude uprost\u0159ed zastaven na \u017e\u00e1dost u\u017eivatele. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud jste za\u010dali vytv\u00e1\u0159et IT syst\u00e9m pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f v\u010detn\u011b zahrani\u010dn\u00edch pobo\u010dek a strategie expanze do zahrani\u010d\u00ed byla st\u00e1hnuta, v\u00fdvoj tohoto syst\u00e9mu se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm i pro u\u017eivatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m, jak by m\u011bl b\u00fdt IT syst\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v podniku postaven, je nerozlu\u010dn\u011b spojen s ot\u00e1zkou, jak\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed operace existuj\u00ed v dan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Proto je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se po\u017eadavky na syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se stane pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm (nebo nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdm) v d\u016fsledku z\u00e1sadn\u00edch zm\u011bn v organiza\u010dn\u00ed struktu\u0159e nebo revize strategie, zm\u011bn\u00ed po skute\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V d\u016fsledku t\u011bchto okolnost\u00ed mohou vzniknout r\u016fzn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, pokud je projekt p\u0159eru\u0161en uprost\u0159ed. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, obvykle, vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee je to z d\u016fvodu u\u017eivatele, je dodavateli uzn\u00e1no ur\u010dit\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u017eadavek na odm\u011bnu v z\u00e1vislosti na stupni dokon\u010den\u00ed. Obsah t\u011bchto pr\u00e1v se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na typu smlouvy, ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt shrnut n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u30fbV p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b smlouvy o d\u00edlo: Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk (Japonsk\u00fd Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk) \u010dl\u00e1nek 641<br> Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk \u010dl\u00e1nek 641<br> \u2192 Dokud dodavatel nedokon\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, m\u016f\u017ee objednatel kdykoli odstoupit od smlouvy s n\u00e1hradou \u0161kody.<br> \u30fbV p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b smlouvy o zastoupen\u00ed: Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk \u010dl\u00e1nek 648 odstavec 3 (v z\u00e1vislosti na okolnostech, tak\u00e9 n\u00e1hrada \u0161kody podle Ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku \u010dl\u00e1nek 651)<br> Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk \u010dl\u00e1nek 648<br> \u2192 Pokud zastoupen\u00ed skon\u010d\u00ed uprost\u0159ed pln\u011bn\u00ed z d\u016fvodu, kter\u00fd nelze p\u0159i\u010d\u00edst z\u00e1stupci, m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1stupce po\u017eadovat odm\u011bnu v z\u00e1vislosti na stupni ji\u017e proveden\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed.<br> Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk \u010dl\u00e1nek 651<br> \u2192 1. Zastoupen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee kdykoli zru\u0161it ka\u017ed\u00e1 strana.<br> \u2192 2. Pokud jedna strana zru\u0161\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed v nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m okam\u017eiku pro druhou stranu, mus\u00ed tato strana nahradit \u0161kodu druh\u00e9 stran\u011b. Toto v\u0161ak neplat\u00ed, pokud existuje neodkladn\u00fd d\u016fvod.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednotliv\u00e9 projekty v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f se mohou vyv\u00edjet r\u016fzn\u00fdmi a mnohdy komplikovan\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud se dostaneme k t\u00e9matu &#8220;ho\u0159\u00edc\u00edch&#8221; projekt\u016f z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska, r\u00e1mec, kter\u00fd jsme p\u0159edstavili v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku, se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t jedn\u00edm z mo\u017en\u00fdch v\u00fdchodisek. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9m\u016f skute\u010dn\u011b zahrnuj\u00ed velmi \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu t\u00e9mat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako pr\u00e1ce na v\u00fdvoji syst\u00e9m\u016f vy\u017eaduje konstruktivn\u00ed my\u0161len\u00ed, tak i s t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bno konstruktivn\u011bji, pokud neztrat\u00edme z dohledu celkov\u00fd obraz dan\u00e9ho oboru. Nen\u00ed tomu tak?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Projekt v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu nen\u00ed n\u011bco, co lze dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159es noc, ale vy\u017eaduje mnoho zdroj\u016f, jako je velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed a organizac\u00ed, obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz a dlouh\u00e9 obdob\u00ed v\u00fdvoje. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btl [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":72970,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61419"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61419"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61419\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72973,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61419\/revisions\/72973"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72970"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}