{"id":61421,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:33","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61421"},"modified":"2024-03-26T06:07:24","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T21:07:24","slug":"legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu podle jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch model\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Postup p\u0159i projektech v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f m\u00e1 ur\u010ditou metodologii. Obvykle, kdy\u017e se u\u010d\u00edme o pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9mech souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9m\u016f z knih a podobn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, \u010dasto p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me nejklasi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodu zvanou vodop\u00e1dov\u00fd model. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, metodologie nebo modely pro v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f nejsou omezeny pouze na vodop\u00e1dov\u00fd model. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se \u010dasto vol\u00ed metoda zvan\u00e1 agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku budeme porovn\u00e1vat a vysv\u011btlovat dva modely, vodop\u00e1dov\u00fd model a agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model, z hlediska pr\u00e1vn\u00edch rizik a prevence spor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Co_je_vyvojovy_model\" title=\"Co je v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model\">Co je v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Co_je_model_vodopadu\" title=\"Co je model vodop\u00e1du\">Co je model vodop\u00e1du<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Co_je_agilni_vyvojovy_model\" title=\"Co je agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model\">Co je agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Studium_pravnich_otazek_je_snazsi_v_modelu_Waterfall\" title=\"Studium pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek je snaz\u0161\u00ed v modelu Waterfall\">Studium pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek je snaz\u0161\u00ed v modelu Waterfall<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Vetsina_odborne_literatury_je_napsana_na_zaklade_modelu_Waterfall\" title=\"V\u011bt\u0161ina odborn\u00e9 literatury je naps\u00e1na na z\u00e1klad\u011b modelu Waterfall\">V\u011bt\u0161ina odborn\u00e9 literatury je naps\u00e1na na z\u00e1klad\u011b modelu Waterfall<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Model_Waterfall_ma_take_mnoho_pripadu_soudni_praxe\" title=\"Model Waterfall m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 mnoho p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f soudn\u00ed praxe\">Model Waterfall m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 mnoho p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f soudn\u00ed praxe<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Vyhody_jednotlivych_vyvojovych_metod\" title=\"V\u00fdhody jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch metod\">V\u00fdhody jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch metod<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Porovnani_z_hlediska_planovatelnosti_a_predvidatelnosti\" title=\"Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed z hlediska pl\u00e1novatelnosti a p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnosti\">Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed z hlediska pl\u00e1novatelnosti a p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnosti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Srovnani_na_zaklade_jednoduchosti_vymezeni_roli_a_odpovednosti_jednotlivych_clenu\" title=\"Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jednoduchosti vymezen\u00ed rol\u00ed a odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f\">Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jednoduchosti vymezen\u00ed rol\u00ed a odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Porovnani_v_kontextu_velkych_vyvojovych_projektu\" title=\"Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed v kontextu velk\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch projekt\u016f\">Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed v kontextu velk\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch projekt\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Srovnani_rychlosti_a_efektivity\" title=\"Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed rychlosti a efektivity\">Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed rychlosti a efektivity<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Agilni_vyvoj_zacina_rychleji\" title=\"Agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rychleji\">Agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rychleji<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Model_Waterfall_je_mene_nachylny_k_selhani_v_prubehu\" title=\"Model Waterfall je m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00fd k selh\u00e1n\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu\">Model Waterfall je m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00fd k selh\u00e1n\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Agilni_vyvoj_usnadnuje_hladky_prubeh_v_prijimaci_fazi\" title=\"Agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj usnad\u0148uje hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh v p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed f\u00e1zi\">Agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj usnad\u0148uje hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh v p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed f\u00e1zi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/legal-merits-and-demerits-of-development-model\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_vyvojovy_model\"><\/span>Co je v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_model_vodopadu\"><\/span>Co je model vodop\u00e1du<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/shutterstock_66782644-1024x750.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5407\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Co je v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model v kontextu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejtradi\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Definice po\u017eadavk\u016f: Identifikace funkc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bl syst\u00e9m m\u00edt, a specifikac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh: N\u00e1vrh celkov\u00e9ho obrazu syst\u00e9mu z pohledu u\u017eivatele, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1vrhu obrazovky a p\u0159echod\u016f mezi obrazovkami<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Podrobn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh: N\u00e1vrh celkov\u00e9ho obrazu syst\u00e9mu z pohledu v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e, v\u010detn\u011b propojen\u00ed mezi programov\u00fdmi soubory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Programov\u00e1 implementace: K\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed programu podle n\u00e1vrhu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed: Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, zda je v\u00fdsledek v souladu se specifikacemi, a po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatele o kontrolu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento v\u00fdvojov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd se sna\u017e\u00ed postupovat od horn\u00edho toku k doln\u00edmu toku \u0159eky bez zbyte\u010dn\u00e9ho opakov\u00e1n\u00ed krok\u016f, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 &#8220;model vodop\u00e1du&#8221;. Tento postup nen\u00ed nezbytn\u00fd pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00fd \u010dasto vy\u017eaduje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed a dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dliv\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 tak\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed, organizace rol\u00ed a jasn\u00e9 vymezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti jednotliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_agilni_vyvojovy_model\"><\/span>Co je agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm se v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, nemus\u00ed v\u017edy vy\u017eadovat p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd je zcela pr\u016fchodn\u00fd od &#8220;horn\u00edho toku k doln\u00edmu toku&#8221;. Je pravda, \u017ee vzhledem k povaze pr\u00e1ce je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a technick\u00e9 dovednosti. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o pr\u00e1ci spojenou s vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm nov\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed nebo d\u011bl, je \u010dasto nemo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it dokonal\u00fd pl\u00e1n od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku. S ohledem na tyto aspekty by m\u011bl b\u00fdt d\u016fraz kladen nejen na postup podle stanoven\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu, ale tak\u00e9 na schopnost flexibiln\u011b reagovat na pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fapravy a zm\u011bny specifikac\u00ed, a na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu pokus\u016f a omyl\u016f. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup je reflektov\u00e1n v &#8220;agiln\u00edm v\u00fdvojov\u00e9m modelu&#8221;. V agiln\u00edm v\u00fdvojov\u00e9m modelu se obecn\u011b sna\u017e\u00edme minimalizovat n\u00e1mahu v\u011bnovanou p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b podrobn\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f a n\u00e1vrh\u016f, opakovan\u011b implementovat a testovat velmi mal\u00e9 programy a postupn\u011b je p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159et do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch program\u016f a syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Studium_pravnich_otazek_je_snazsi_v_modelu_Waterfall\"><\/span>Studium pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek je snaz\u0161\u00ed v modelu Waterfall<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e p\u0159ejdeme k porovn\u00e1n\u00ed obou v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch model\u016f, je t\u0159eba se dotknout pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek spojen\u00fdch s ka\u017ed\u00fdm z nich, a to z hlediska snadnosti shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed a studia pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vetsina_odborne_literatury_je_napsana_na_zaklade_modelu_Waterfall\"><\/span>V\u011bt\u0161ina odborn\u00e9 literatury je naps\u00e1na na z\u00e1klad\u011b modelu Waterfall<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i studiu pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek spojen\u00fdch s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9m\u016f a pr\u00e1vn\u00edch znalost\u00ed je snaz\u0161\u00ed shroma\u017e\u010fovat informace v modelu Waterfall. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed texty diskutuj\u00edc\u00ed o v\u00fdvoji syst\u00e9m\u016f jsou \u010dasto naps\u00e1ny s p\u0159edpokladem modelu Waterfall. Klasick\u00fd a obecn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f se prov\u00e1d\u00ed podle modelu Waterfall, zat\u00edmco agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj je \u010dasto pouze dopl\u0148kov\u00fd a je omezen na stru\u010dn\u00fd \u00favod. Proto je p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch spojen\u00fdch s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9m\u016f z knih snaz\u0161\u00ed pokra\u010dovat ve studiu v modelu Waterfall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Model_Waterfall_ma_take_mnoho_pripadu_soudni_praxe\"><\/span>Model Waterfall m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 mnoho p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f soudn\u00ed praxe<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Model Waterfall je tak\u00e9 bohat\u00fd na p\u0159\u00edklady spor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se skute\u010dn\u011b staly v minulosti, proto\u017ee je to klasick\u00e1 a obecn\u00e1 metoda v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f. V pr\u00e1vn\u00edch diskus\u00edch je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 nejen znalost z\u00e1kon\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 znalost p\u0159edchoz\u00edch soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Dokonce i v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, zda je v\u00fdklad z\u00e1kona &#8220;b\u00edl\u00fd&#8221; nebo &#8220;\u010dern\u00fd&#8221;, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mo\u017en\u00e9 doplnit obsah z\u00e1kona z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00edm poznatk\u016f z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e se nejedn\u00e1 o kodifikovan\u00fd z\u00e1kon, hromad\u011bn\u00ed soudn\u00edch rozhodnut\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stejn\u011b jako z\u00e1kon ustanoveno jako krit\u00e9rium pro rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tyto se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed &#8220;principy soudn\u00ed praxe&#8221;. Dokonce i v oblastech, kde ji\u017e existuje hromad\u011bn\u00ed princip\u016f soudn\u00ed praxe, jako je v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9m\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt relativn\u011b snadn\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt kone\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek sporu, i kdy\u017e je to nezn\u00e1m\u00fd spor. V tomto ohledu lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat mnoho v\u00fdhod p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji syst\u00e9m\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b modelu Waterfall.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyhody_jednotlivych_vyvojovych_metod\"><\/span>V\u00fdhody jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch metod<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/shutterstock_86885698-1024x756.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5410\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jak\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody vodop\u00e1dov\u00e9ho modelu a agiln\u00edho v\u00fdvoje?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>S ohledem na v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9, n\u00e1sledn\u011b porovn\u00e1me a se\u0159ad\u00edme v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody jednotliv\u00fdch metod. Prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st je zam\u011b\u0159ena na v\u00fdhody vodop\u00e1dov\u00e9ho modelu a \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce se posuneme dol\u016f, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe budou pochopiteln\u00e9 v\u00fdhody agiln\u00edho v\u00fdvoje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Porovnani_z_hlediska_planovatelnosti_a_predvidatelnosti\"><\/span>Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed z hlediska pl\u00e1novatelnosti a p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnosti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V aspektech jako je pl\u00e1novatelnost a p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnost, m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee model Waterfall je preferovan\u00fd. Bez ohledu na to, jak velk\u00fd je syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edte, je v\u017edy rozd\u011blen do jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed, kter\u00e9 postupuj\u00ed od &#8220;naho\u0159e dol\u016f&#8221;. Nastaven\u00edm term\u00ednu pro ka\u017edou f\u00e1zi se jej\u00ed pokrok st\u00e1v\u00e1 relativn\u011b snadno pl\u00e1novateln\u00fdm a \u0159iditeln\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj je metoda, kter\u00e1 nevy\u017eaduje mnoho n\u00e1klad\u016f a \u00fasil\u00ed na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo celkovou koncepci, tak\u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edstup se st\u00e1v\u00e1 ad hoc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Srovnani_na_zaklade_jednoduchosti_vymezeni_roli_a_odpovednosti_jednotlivych_clenu\"><\/span>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jednoduchosti vymezen\u00ed rol\u00ed a odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V modelu Waterfall je jednou z v\u00fdhod to, \u017ee d\u00edky d\u016fkladn\u00e9mu rozd\u011blen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 jasn\u011b definovat role jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f projektov\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, v agiln\u00edm v\u00fdvoji se \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee rozd\u011blen\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed je nejasn\u00e9, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nejasnostem ohledn\u011b toho, kdo nese odpov\u011bdnost za neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a podobn\u00e9 situace.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Porovnani_v_kontextu_velkych_vyvojovych_projektu\"><\/span>Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed v kontextu velk\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch projekt\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vodop\u00e1dov\u00fd model, kter\u00fd se vyzna\u010duje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pl\u00e1novitost\u00ed a jasn\u00fdm rozd\u011blen\u00edm rol\u00ed, nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody, \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je v\u00fdvojov\u00fd projekt. I p\u0159i organizaci velk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu lid\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady na koordinaci t\u00fdmu t\u00edm, \u017ee proces rozd\u011bl\u00edte na men\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti a podpo\u0159\u00edte specializaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model se obecn\u011b nepova\u017euje za vhodn\u00fd pro velk\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 projekty. Jeliko\u017e tento p\u0159\u00edstup klade v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na rychlost zah\u00e1jen\u00ed pr\u00e1ce ne\u017e na pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a rozd\u011blen\u00ed rol\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ho uplatnit v situac\u00edch, kde jsou obavy z posunut\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00e9ho term\u00ednu dod\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Srovnani_rychlosti_a_efektivity\"><\/span>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed rychlosti a efektivity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Agilni_vyvoj_zacina_rychleji\"><\/span>Agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rychleji<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rychlosti od doby, kdy u\u017eivatel vyj\u00e1d\u0159\u00ed po\u017eadavek na n\u011bjakou funkci, a\u017e do doby, kdy je tato funkce skute\u010dn\u011b implementov\u00e1na, m\u00e1 navrch agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee v modelu Waterfall jsou odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 osoby obvykle jasn\u011b odd\u011bleny mezi horn\u00ed a doln\u00ed procesy, co\u017e \u010dasto zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1roky na intern\u00ed komunikaci na stran\u011b dodavatele. Tento aspekt, kter\u00fd \u010dasto vy\u017eaduje v\u00edce komunikace, je tak\u00e9 spojen s t\u00edm, \u017ee je n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s po\u017eadavky na zm\u011bnu specifikac\u00ed po dokon\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model umo\u017e\u0148uje rychle za\u010d\u00edt a prov\u00e9st pr\u00e1ci bez zbyte\u010dn\u00e9ho zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Toto je \u00fazce spojeno s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou agiln\u00edho v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho modelu, kter\u00fdm je snadn\u00e1 adaptace na zm\u011bny specifikac\u00ed po dokon\u010den\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b agiln\u00edho v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho modelu, pokud se neform\u00e1ln\u011b a neust\u00e1le reaguje na po\u017eadavky na zm\u011bnu specifikac\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj, m\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st k riziku &#8220;ho\u0159en\u00ed&#8221; projektu. V tomto smyslu je kl\u00ed\u010dem k \u00fasp\u011bchu v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f pomoc\u00ed agiln\u00edho v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho modelu spr\u00e1va zm\u011bn. Podrobn\u00fd popis spr\u00e1vy zm\u011bn naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/howto-manage-change-in-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Model_Waterfall_je_mene_nachylny_k_selhani_v_prubehu\"><\/span>Model Waterfall je m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00fd k selh\u00e1n\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, p\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed z hlediska rychlosti a efektivity je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017eit tak\u00e9 dlouhodob\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd r\u00e1mec. Pokud zva\u017eujeme riziko, \u017ee projekt &#8220;ho\u0159\u00ed&#8221; uprost\u0159ed a postup se zastav\u00ed, m\u00e1 navrch model Waterfall. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rizikem, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k selh\u00e1n\u00ed projektu v pr\u016fb\u011bhu, je nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 komunikace mezi u\u017eivatelem a dodavatelem. Model Waterfall, kter\u00fd jasn\u011b definuje role obou stran, m\u00e1 v tomto ohledu v\u00fdhodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Agilni_vyvoj_usnadnuje_hladky_prubeh_v_prijimaci_fazi\"><\/span>Agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj usnad\u0148uje hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh v p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed f\u00e1zi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak z hlediska snadnosti \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed f\u00e1zi m\u00e1 m\u00edrnou v\u00fdhodu agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee u\u017eivatel a dodavatel budou sd\u00edlet informace detailn\u011b i b\u011bhem v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu. Lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed riziko n\u00e1hl\u00e9ho vyno\u0159en\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f v pochopen\u00ed obou stran po zhl\u00e9dnut\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho produktu. Podrobn\u00fd popis kroku p\u0159ijet\u00ed v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu a s t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00edch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/estimated-inspection-of-system-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/estimated-inspection-of-system-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i takov\u00e9m srovn\u00e1n\u00ed lze celkov\u011b \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pro d\u016fkladnou spr\u00e1vu je vhodn\u00fd model Waterfall, zat\u00edmco pro d\u016fraz na rychlost od zah\u00e1jen\u00ed a\u017e po proveden\u00ed je vhodn\u00fd agiln\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd model. Mimochodem, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9mu na z\u00e1klad\u011b agiln\u00edho v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho modelu jsou podrobn\u011bji pops\u00e1ny v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/legal-and-contract-issues-of-agile-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/legal-and-contract-issues-of-agile-development[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volba v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho modelu by m\u011bla b\u00fdt zalo\u017eena na celkov\u00e9m posouzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zahrnuje nejen pr\u00e1vn\u00ed hlediska, ale tak\u00e9 velikost projektu, rozpo\u010det a c\u00edle.<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Postup p\u0159i projektech v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9m\u016f m\u00e1 ur\u010ditou metodologii. Obvykle, kdy\u017e se u\u010d\u00edme o pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9mech souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s v\u00fdvojem syst\u00e9m\u016f z knih a podobn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, \u010dasto p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me nejklasi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61421"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61421"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63170,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61421\/revisions\/63170"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}