{"id":61422,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:33","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61422"},"modified":"2025-11-18T12:03:21","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T03:03:21","slug":"netslander-against-companies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies","title":{"rendered":"Jak by m\u011bly firmy reagovat, kdy\u017e jsou na internetu pomlouv\u00e1ny? Co je to japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o trestn\u00e9m \u010dinu po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Kdy\u017e firma utrp\u00ed \u0161kodu na sv\u00e9 pov\u011bsti na internetu, existuj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i hlavn\u00ed trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt sp\u00e1ch\u00e1ny:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Poru\u0161en\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti (Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o poru\u0161en\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Podvodn\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti (Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o podvodn\u00e9m naru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00e1siln\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti (Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o n\u00e1siln\u00e9m naru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poru\u0161en\u00ed cti (Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o poru\u0161en\u00ed cti)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>K t\u011bmto p\u0159id\u00e1me trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a naru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159id\u00e1n v roce 1987 (62. rok \u00e9ry \u0160\u00f3wa), a pod\u00edv\u00e1me se na kybernetickou kriminalitu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Jak_by_mely_firmy_reagovat_kdyz_jsou_vystaveny_pomluvam_a_urazkam\" title=\"Jak by m\u011bly firmy reagovat, kdy\u017e jsou vystaveny pomluv\u00e1m a ur\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m\">Jak by m\u011bly firmy reagovat, kdy\u017e jsou vystaveny pomluv\u00e1m a ur\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Trestne_ciny_ktere_se_uplatnuji_kdyz_firma_utrpi_skodu_zpusobenou_pomluvou\" title=\"Trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, kter\u00e9 se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed, kdy\u017e firma utrp\u00ed \u0161kodu zp\u016fsobenou pomluvou\">Trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, kter\u00e9 se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed, kdy\u017e firma utrp\u00ed \u0161kodu zp\u016fsobenou pomluvou<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Trestny_cin_poskozeni_duveryhodnosti\" title=\"Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti\">Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_jsou_%E2%80%9Cnepravdive_zvesti%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co jsou &#8220;nepravdiv\u00e9 zv\u011bsti&#8221;\">Co jsou &#8220;nepravdiv\u00e9 zv\u011bsti&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Csireni%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co je &#8220;\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed&#8221;\">Co je &#8220;\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Kdo_je_%E2%80%9Cosoba%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Kdo je &#8220;osoba&#8221;\">Kdo je &#8220;osoba&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_znamena_%E2%80%9Cposkodit_duveru%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;po\u0161kodit d\u016fv\u011bru&#8221;\">Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;po\u0161kodit d\u016fv\u011bru&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Trestny_cin_podvodneho_ruseni_obchodni_cinnosti\" title=\"Trestn\u00fd \u010din podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti\">Trestn\u00fd \u010din podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Cpodvod%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co je &#8220;podvod&#8221;\">Co je &#8220;podvod&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Cobchodni_cinnost%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co je &#8220;obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost&#8221;\">Co je &#8220;obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Cruseni%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co je &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;\">Co je &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Trestny_cin_nasilneho_ruseni_podnikani\" title=\"Trestn\u00fd \u010din n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed\">Trestn\u00fd \u010din n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Cnasili%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co je &#8220;n\u00e1sil\u00ed&#8221;\">Co je &#8220;n\u00e1sil\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Cpodnikani%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co je &#8220;podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;\">Co je &#8220;podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Cruseni%E2%80%9D-2\" title=\"Co je &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;\">Co je &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Trestny_cin_pomluvy\" title=\"Trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy\">Trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Co_je_to_%E2%80%9Cporuseni_prava_na_cest%E2%80%9D_v_civilnim_pravu\" title=\"Co je to &#8220;poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na \u010dest&#8221; v civiln\u00edm pr\u00e1vu\">Co je to &#8220;poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na \u010dest&#8221; v civiln\u00edm pr\u00e1vu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Trestny_cin_poskozeni_elektronickeho_pocitace_a_naruseni_provozu\" title=\"Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a naru\u0161en\u00ed provozu\">Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a naru\u0161en\u00ed provozu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Jake_jsou_dopady_pomluv_na_podniky\" title=\"Jak\u00e9 jsou dopady pomluv na podniky?\">Jak\u00e9 jsou dopady pomluv na podniky?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/netslander-against-companies\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jak_by_mely_firmy_reagovat_kdyz_jsou_vystaveny_pomluvam_a_urazkam\"><\/span>Jak by m\u011bly firmy reagovat, kdy\u017e jsou vystaveny pomluv\u00e1m a ur\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejprve se vyno\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159eba odstranit p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky nebo \u010dl\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou pomluvy a ur\u00e1\u017eky. K tomu m\u016f\u017eete kontaktovat spr\u00e1vce webu a po\u017e\u00e1dat ho o odstran\u011bn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku, nebo m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159\u00edmo kontaktovat autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku na platform\u00e1ch jako Twitter nebo Facebook a po\u017e\u00e1dat ho o odstran\u011bn\u00ed. Nav\u00edc, firmy mohou identifikovat pachatele a po\u017eadovat od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za ztr\u00e1tu prodeje zp\u016fsobenou pomluvou a ur\u00e1\u017ekou, nebo podat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem zat\u010den\u00ed pachatele. Aby se zabr\u00e1nilo opakov\u00e1n\u00ed, je velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 z\u00edskat od pachatele slib, \u017ee u\u017e nebude ps\u00e1t p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 by po\u0161kodily d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost firmy. Pokud v\u0161ak spr\u00e1vce webu odm\u00edtne p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek odstranit i po kontaktov\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete se obr\u00e1tit na soud a po\u017e\u00e1dat o p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017en\u00ed soudci na\u0159\u00eddit spr\u00e1vci odstran\u011bn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pomluvy a ur\u00e1\u017eky naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provisional-disposition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provisional-disposition[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trestne_ciny_ktere_se_uplatnuji_kdyz_firma_utrpi_skodu_zpusobenou_pomluvou\"><\/span>Trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, kter\u00e9 se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed, kdy\u017e firma utrp\u00ed \u0161kodu zp\u016fsobenou pomluvou<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trestny_cin_poskozeni_duveryhodnosti\"><\/span>Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti je z\u00e1konem chr\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed ekonomickou a majetkovou d\u016fv\u011bru. &#8220;D\u016fv\u011bra&#8221; zde zahrnuje nejen d\u016fv\u011bru v finan\u010dn\u00ed situaci a platebn\u00ed schopnosti subjektu, ale tak\u00e9 \u0161iroce ch\u00e1pan\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed ekonomick\u00fdch aspekt\u016f subjektu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti a trestn\u00fd \u010din naru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti podvodem jsou stanoveny v \u00a7 233 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Kdo \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed nepravdiv\u00e9 zv\u011bsti nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 podvod, po\u0161kod\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru osoby nebo naru\u0161\u00ed jej\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost, bude potrest\u00e1n odn\u011bt\u00edm svobody a\u017e na t\u0159i roky nebo pokutou a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e 500 000 jen\u016f.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite> \u00a7 233 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Osoba, kter\u00e1 &#8220;\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed nepravdiv\u00e9 zv\u011bsti&#8221; a &#8220;po\u0161kod\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru osoby&#8221; podle \u00a7 233 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, sp\u00e1ch\u00e1 trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_jsou_%E2%80%9Cnepravdive_zvesti%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co jsou &#8220;nepravdiv\u00e9 zv\u011bsti&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Zv\u011bsti&#8221; jsou pov\u011bsti, tak\u017ee pokud \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edte l\u017eiv\u00e9 pov\u011bsti nebo informace, st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se &#8220;nepravdiv\u00fdmi zv\u011bstmi&#8221; a pomluvou. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti je nutn\u00e9, aby obsah byl &#8220;nepravdiv\u00fd&#8221;. Pokud je obsah pravdiv\u00fd, nebude se jednat o trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Csireni%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co je &#8220;\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;\u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mezi nespecifikovan\u00fdm po\u010dtem lid\u00ed. Pokud n\u011bco zve\u0159ejn\u00edte na internetu, m\u016f\u017ee to vid\u011bt nespecifikovan\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed, tak\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o &#8220;\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed&#8221;. V\u00fdrazy na internetu jsou obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za &#8220;ve\u0159ejn\u00e9&#8221;. Stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pomluvy, i kdy\u017e jste to sd\u011blili pouze jedn\u00e9 osob\u011b, pokud existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee tato osoba to &#8220;\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed&#8221; mezi nespecifikovan\u00fdm po\u010dtem lid\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za pomluvu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kdo_je_%E2%80%9Cosoba%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Kdo je &#8220;osoba&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti je chr\u00e1n\u011bna &#8220;d\u016fv\u011bra osoby&#8221;, ale v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b &#8220;osoba&#8221; zahrnuje nejen fyzick\u00e9 osoby, ale tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby, jako jsou spole\u010dnosti, a dokonce i organizace bez pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osobnosti. Proto, pokud na internetu zve\u0159ejn\u00edte n\u011bco, co by mohlo po\u0161kodit d\u016fv\u011bru lid\u00ed, spole\u010dnost\u00ed nebo organizac\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_znamena_%E2%80%9Cposkodit_duveru%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;po\u0161kodit d\u016fv\u011bru&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u016fv\u011bra v trestn\u00e9m \u010dinu po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti se li\u0161\u00ed od obecn\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu d\u016fv\u011bry a je omezena na &#8220;ekonomickou d\u016fv\u011bru&#8221;. Tato d\u016fv\u011bra zahrnuje &#8220;nejen soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru v platebn\u00ed schopnost nebo platebn\u00ed v\u016fli osoby, ale tak\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru v kvalitu prod\u00e1van\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed&#8221; (rozsudek Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu ze dne 11. b\u0159ezna 2003 (rok Heisei 15)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le, &#8220;po\u0161kodit&#8221; znamen\u00e1 sn\u00ed\u017eit soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed v ekonomick\u00e9m aspektu, ale nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9, aby se hodnocen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eilo. Pokud vznikne stav, kdy existuje takov\u00e1 obava, bude uplatn\u011bn trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trestny_cin_podvodneho_ruseni_obchodni_cinnosti\"><\/span>Trestn\u00fd \u010din podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"735\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/netslander-against-companies-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-66983\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/netslander-against-companies-2.jpg 735w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/netslander-against-companies-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/netslander-against-companies-2-250x167.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pomluvy na internetu se mohou st\u00e1t r\u016fzn\u00fdmi trestn\u00fdmi \u010diny.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle paragrafu 233 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku (Japanese Penal Code) se trestn\u00fd \u010din podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti t\u00fdk\u00e1 t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed &#8220;pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podvod&#8221; a &#8220;ru\u0161\u00ed jeho obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost&#8221;. Je to trestn\u00fd \u010din s velmi \u0161irok\u00fdm rozsahem aplikace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Cpodvod%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co je &#8220;podvod&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Podvod&#8221; znamen\u00e1 klamat druh\u00e9, nebo vyu\u017e\u00edvat jejich omyl\u016f nebo nedbalosti. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je zam\u011bstnanec firmy, kter\u00fd po zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Kumamotu (2016) zve\u0159ejnil na Twitteru fale\u0161nou zpr\u00e1vu, \u017ee &#8220;lev utekl&#8221;, a byl zat\u010den za podez\u0159en\u00ed z podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, proto\u017ee &#8220;ru\u0161il \u010dinnost zoologick\u00e9 a botanick\u00e9 zahrady v Kumamotu&#8221;. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, &#8220;podvod&#8221; je \u0161iroce interpretov\u00e1n a v praxi je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za &#8220;nekal\u00e9 prost\u0159edky jin\u00e9 ne\u017e s\u00edla&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Cobchodni_cinnost%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co je &#8220;obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnost&#8221; se vztahuje na \u00fakoly nebo podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lid\u00e9 pravideln\u011b vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b ur\u010dit\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zauj\u00edmaj\u00ed ve spole\u010densk\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, jako je profese nebo jin\u00e1 spole\u010densk\u00e1 \u010dinnost. Nezahrnuje omezen\u00ed, jako je trestn\u00fd \u010din zabit\u00ed z nedbalosti v obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti. Jeliko\u017e se vztahuje na aktivity ve spole\u010densk\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, nezahrnuje osobn\u00ed aktivity, kon\u00ed\u010dky nebo dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Cruseni%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co je &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Podobn\u011b jako po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti v trestn\u00e9m \u010dinu po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti, nen\u00ed vy\u017eadov\u00e1no, aby bylo skute\u010dn\u011b ru\u0161eno. Trestn\u00fd \u010din podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti se uplat\u0148uje, pokud bylo provedeno jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohlo v\u00e9st k ru\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd \u010din podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti je trestn\u00fd \u010din, jeho\u017e rozsah aplikace je relativn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b pochopiteln\u00fd. Nap\u0159\u00edklad se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady takzvan\u00e9ho &#8220;p\u0159evleku&#8221; mohou spadat pod trestn\u00fd \u010din podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-portrait-infringement-on-twitter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-portrait-infringement-on-twitter[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trestny_cin_nasilneho_ruseni_podnikani\"><\/span>Trestn\u00fd \u010din n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd \u010din n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed je definov\u00e1n v \u010dl\u00e1nku 234 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd n\u00e1sleduje po \u010dl\u00e1nku 233 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd stanovuje trestn\u00e9 \u010diny pomluvy a podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Kdo n\u00e1sil\u00edm ru\u0161\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00e9ho, je trest\u00e1n podle p\u0159edchoz\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n<cite> Trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk \u010dl\u00e1nek 234 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, je to trestn\u00fd \u010din slo\u017een\u00fd ze t\u0159\u00ed prvk\u016f: &#8220;pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed&#8221;, &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221; a &#8220;podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;. K tomuto existuje preceden\u010dn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu z 30. ledna 1953 (Showa 28).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 234 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; nevy\u017eaduje skute\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdskyt ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, ale je dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed, pokud existuje \u010din, kter\u00fd je dostate\u010dn\u00fd k ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Nav\u00edc, &#8220;podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; se nevztahuje pouze na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 na podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bno vzhledem k postaven\u00ed ob\u011bti v dan\u00e9m podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. &#8220;N\u00e1sil\u00ed&#8221; je ch\u00e1p\u00e1no jako s\u00edla pachatele, kter\u00e1 je dostate\u010dn\u00e1 k potla\u010den\u00ed svobodn\u00e9 v\u016fle ob\u011bti, a to na z\u00e1klad\u011b pachatelovy autority, po\u010dtu osob a okoln\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Tato s\u00edla je dostate\u010dn\u00e1, pokud je objektivn\u011b schopna potla\u010dit svobodnou v\u016fli ob\u011bti, a nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9, aby ob\u011b\u0165 skute\u010dn\u011b byla potla\u010dena ve sv\u00e9 svobodn\u00e9 v\u016fli.<br><\/p>\n<cite> Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud, 30. ledna 1953 (Showa 28) <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Cnasili%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co je &#8220;n\u00e1sil\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;N\u00e1sil\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 &#8220;s\u00edlu pachatele, kter\u00e1 je dostate\u010dn\u00e1 k potla\u010den\u00ed svobodn\u00e9 v\u016fle ob\u011bti, na z\u00e1klad\u011b pachatelovy autority, po\u010dtu osob a okoln\u00edch podm\u00ednek&#8221;, a zahrnuje i leh\u010d\u00ed formy ne\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad bit\u00ed nebo v\u00fdhru\u017eky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, rozmet\u00e1n\u00ed des\u00edtek \u0161v\u00e1b\u016f v supermarketu nebo v\u00fdzva k nesouhlasu s hromadn\u00fdm zp\u011bvem n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hymny na promo\u010dn\u00edm ceremoni\u00e1lu jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za &#8220;n\u00e1sil\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Cpodnikani%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co je &#8220;podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; se nevztahuje pouze na &#8220;konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed&#8221;, ale tak\u00e9 na &#8220;podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bno vzhledem k postaven\u00ed ob\u011bti v dan\u00e9m podnik\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Cruseni%E2%80%9D-2\"><\/span>Co je &#8220;ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Ru\u0161en\u00ed&#8221;, jak bylo uvedeno vysv\u011btlen\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za dostate\u010dn\u00e9, pokud existuje \u010din, kter\u00fd je dostate\u010dn\u00fd k ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V d\u016fsledku roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed internetu se zv\u00fd\u0161il po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy bylo zah\u00e1jeno trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed za ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na internetu. Je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 rozhodnout, zda se jedn\u00e1 o n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo podvod, ale prvn\u00ed je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd a hmatateln\u00fd zp\u016fsob ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch osob, zat\u00edmco druh\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd a nehmotn\u00fd zp\u016fsob ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch osob. Av\u0161ak skute\u010dn\u00e1 hranice je nejasn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy byla osoba zat\u010dena za trestn\u00fd \u010din n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016f\u010di policii, kdy\u017e anonymn\u011b napsala na diskusn\u00ed f\u00f3rum &#8220;Nastavil jsem bombu na stanici XX&#8221;, co\u017e vedlo k nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9mu zabezpe\u010den\u00ed a opatrnosti. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, byl p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy bylo uzn\u00e1no spln\u011bn\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu podvodn\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo napsal &#8220;16. \u010dervna v 3 hodiny odpoledne sp\u00e1ch\u00e1m n\u00e1hodnou vra\u017edu v Americk\u00e9 vesnici&#8221;, co\u017e vedlo k tomu, \u017ee policie prov\u00e1d\u011bla opat\u0159en\u00ed a ru\u0161ila norm\u00e1ln\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. (Rozhodnut\u00ed Osack\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu, 22. \u0159\u00edjna 2009 (Heisei 21))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobn\u011bji o t\u00e9to problematice diskutujeme v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/charge-of-forcible-obstruction-of-business\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/charge-of-forcible-obstruction-of-business[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trestny_cin_pomluvy\"><\/span>Trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy je zlo\u010din, kter\u00fd sni\u017euje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed druh\u00e9 osoby t\u00edm, \u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00ed skute\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Kdo ve\u0159ejn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed skute\u010dnosti a po\u0161kozuje \u010dest jin\u00e9 osoby, bude potrest\u00e1n bez ohledu na to, zda jsou tyto skute\u010dnosti pravdiv\u00e9, trestem odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do t\u0159\u00ed let nebo pokutou do 500 000 jen\u016f. <\/p>\n<cite> Paragraf 230 odstavec 1 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi trestn\u00fdm \u010dinem pomluvy a trestn\u00fdmi \u010diny po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry a naru\u0161en\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu pomluvy &#8220;se trestn\u00fd \u010din uskute\u010dn\u00ed i kdy\u017e je obsah pravdiv\u00fd&#8221;. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud nap\u00ed\u0161ete, \u017ee &#8220;\u0159editel nemocnice XX m\u00e1 mileneck\u00fd vztah&#8221;, m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za pomluvu, i kdy\u017e je to pravda. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, zda existuje objektivn\u00ed skute\u010dnost, \u017ee soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed ob\u011bti, jako je jej\u00ed charakter, pov\u011bst, d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost atd., se sn\u00ed\u017eilo v d\u016fsledku kontroverzn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, i kdy\u017e je vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je p\u0159edm\u011btem sporu, takov\u00e9, \u017ee sni\u017euje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed osoby, pokud je to vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u00ed skute\u010dnosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f (ve\u0159ejnost), a jeho hlavn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem je prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho dobra (ve\u0159ejn\u00fd z\u00e1jem), a uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti jsou pravdiv\u00e9 (pravdivost) nebo existuje dostate\u010dn\u00fd d\u016fvod v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee jsou pravdiv\u00e9 (pravdivost), nez\u00e1konnost je vylou\u010dena a pomluva se neuskute\u010dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le, trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy je &#8220;trestn\u00fd \u010din na podn\u011bt&#8221;, tak\u017ee pokud ob\u011b\u0165 nepod\u00e1 trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed, pachatel nebude obvin\u011bn. Toto je velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl oproti ostatn\u00edm t\u0159em trestn\u00fdm \u010din\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nav\u00edc, pokud &#8220;\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edte fale\u0161n\u00e9 zv\u011bsti&#8221; a &#8220;po\u0161kozujete d\u016fv\u011bru jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed&#8221;, \u010dasto tak\u00e9 sni\u017eujete soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed c\u00edlov\u00e9 osoby. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se uskute\u010dn\u00ed oba trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry a trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento jev, kdy jeden \u010din vede k uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed dvou trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 &#8220;konceptu\u00e1ln\u00ed konkurence&#8221;, a uplat\u0148uje se trest pro t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed trestn\u00fd \u010din.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trest za trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry je &#8220;trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do t\u0159\u00ed let nebo pokuta do 500 000 jen\u016f&#8221;, zat\u00edmco trest za trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy je &#8220;trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do t\u0159\u00ed let nebo pokuta do 500 000 jen\u016f&#8221;, tak\u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b konceptu\u00e1ln\u00ed konkurence se uplatn\u00ed trest za trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry. Av\u0161ak, v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se ve skute\u010dnosti t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nic nezm\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_%E2%80%9Cporuseni_prava_na_cest%E2%80%9D_v_civilnim_pravu\"><\/span>Co je to &#8220;poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na \u010dest&#8221; v civiln\u00edm pr\u00e1vu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vysv\u011btluje trestn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale pokud \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te o odstran\u011bn\u00ed nebo identifikaci autora v civiln\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, \u010dasto tvrd\u00edte, \u017ee do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na \u010dest (\u2252 pomluva). Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pomluva proti spole\u010dnosti, jako je &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 spole\u010dnost&#8221;, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tvrzena jako poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na \u010dest, pokud jsou spln\u011bny ur\u010dit\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. Toto je podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btleno v jin\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/black-companies-dafamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/black-companies-dafamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e dojde k poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na \u010dest, je vysv\u011btleno v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku, zda je mo\u017en\u00e9 uznat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody ve form\u011b od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za du\u0161evn\u00ed utrpen\u00ed, pokud je ob\u011bt\u00ed spole\u010dnost nebo organizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/honor-infringement-and-intangible-damage-to-company[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trestny_cin_poskozeni_elektronickeho_pocitace_a_naruseni_provozu\"><\/span>Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a naru\u0161en\u00ed provozu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V roce 1987 (Showa 62, 1987 v gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9m kalend\u00e1\u0159i) byl do \u010dl\u00e1nku 234 trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona p\u0159id\u00e1n trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a naru\u0161en\u00ed provozu, vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 operace za\u010daly nahrazovat lidsk\u00e9 operace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Kdo po\u0161kod\u00ed elektronick\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d nebo magnetick\u00fd z\u00e1znam pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd pro lidsk\u00e9 operace, nebo kdo poskytne fale\u0161n\u00e9 informace nebo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 pokyny po\u010d\u00edta\u010di pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9mu pro lidsk\u00e9 operace, nebo kdo jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zabra\u0148uje po\u010d\u00edta\u010di v prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed operac\u00ed podle jeho \u00fa\u010delu, nebo kdo zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010d prov\u00e1d\u00ed operace v rozporu s jeho \u00fa\u010delem a t\u00edm naru\u0161uje lidsk\u00e9 operace, bude potrest\u00e1n trestem odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na p\u011bt let nebo pokutou do 1 milionu jen\u016f.&#8221; <\/p>\n<cite> \u010cl\u00e1nek 234 odstavec 2 Japonsk\u00e9ho trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kona <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a naru\u0161en\u00ed provozu zahrnuje \u010diny, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kod\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de nebo data pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 pro operace, kter\u00e9 poskytnou fale\u0161n\u00e9 data nebo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 pokyny po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, nebo kter\u00e9 jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zabra\u0148uj\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010di v prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed operac\u00ed podle jeho \u00fa\u010delu nebo kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010d prov\u00e1d\u00ed operace v rozporu s jeho \u00fa\u010delem a t\u00edm naru\u0161uj\u00ed operace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ciny, jako je proveden\u00ed DoS \u00fatoku, kter\u00fd naru\u0161uje poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem, nebo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 manipulace s programy nebo daty na serverech vlastn\u011bn\u00fdch spole\u010dnostmi provozuj\u00edc\u00edmi online hry za \u00fa\u010delem RMT, tak\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod tento trestn\u00fd \u010din.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mce_6\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jake_jsou_dopady_pomluv_na_podniky\"><\/span>Jak\u00e9 jsou dopady pomluv na podniky?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Podniky mohou b\u00fdt po\u0161kozeny nespravedliv\u00fdmi pomluvami, kter\u00e9 mohou sn\u00ed\u017eit jejich soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k obt\u00ed\u017enostem s prodejem jejich produkt\u016f. Nav\u00edc, pracovn\u00edci v t\u011bchto podnic\u00edch se mohou c\u00edtit nepohodln\u011b a opustit firmu, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee ohrozit samotnou existenci firmy. Krom\u011b toho, pokles soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed firmy v d\u016fsledku pomluv m\u016f\u017ee v budoucnu zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee pro firmu bude obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 shrom\u00e1\u017edit velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 talenty, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k dal\u0161\u00edm nev\u00fdhod\u00e1m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsme p\u0159edstavili v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku, m\u016f\u017ee hanoben\u00ed na internetu odpov\u00eddat r\u016fzn\u00fdm trestn\u00fdm \u010din\u016fm. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdhru\u017eky obecn\u011b nejsou platn\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdm osob\u00e1m a ka\u017ed\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din m\u00e1 svou vlastn\u00ed diskusi, tak\u017ee pro rozhodnut\u00ed o \u00fasp\u011bchu nebo ne\u00fasp\u011bchu je nezbytn\u00e1 odborn\u00e1 znalost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9 se pt\u00e1t na ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti, ur\u00e1\u017eku nebo poru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed, i kdy\u017e byla pomluva provedena bez jasn\u00e9 identifikace c\u00edle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e je spole\u010dnost na internetu ob\u011bt\u00ed pomluvy, jak\u00fd postup by m\u011bla zvolit a jak\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din by m\u011bl b\u00fdt uplatn\u011bn proti pachateli internetov\u00e9ho trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu, obra\u0165te se na na\u0161e zku\u0161en\u00e9 advok\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kdy\u017e firma utrp\u00ed \u0161kodu na sv\u00e9 pov\u011bsti na internetu, existuj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i hlavn\u00ed trestn\u00e9 \u010diny, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt sp\u00e1ch\u00e1ny: K t\u011bmto p\u0159id\u00e1me trestn\u00fd \u010din po\u0161kozen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a naru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, kter\u00fd byl [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":66982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61422"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61422"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66984,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61422\/revisions\/66984"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}