{"id":61450,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:34","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61450"},"modified":"2025-11-27T16:04:31","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T07:04:31","slug":"black-companies-dafamation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation","title":{"rendered":"Lze odstranit ozna\u010den\u00ed '\u010dern\u00e9 firmy' pro pomluvu?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pro podnikatele je ozna\u010den\u00ed jejich spole\u010dnosti jako \u201e\u010dern\u00e1 firma\u201c velk\u00fdm m\u00ednusem, zejm\u00e9na v oblasti n\u00e1boru nov\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. I kdy\u017e \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b dodr\u017eujete pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kony p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sv\u00e9 firmy, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00fd z va\u0161ich zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, kter\u00fd ode\u0161el kv\u016fli probl\u00e9m\u016fm s mezilidsk\u00fdmi vztahy nebo schopnost\u00ed plnit sv\u00e9 povinnosti, ozna\u010d\u00ed va\u0161i firmu na internetu jako \u201e\u010dernou firmu\u201c. To m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt negativn\u00ed dopad na budouc\u00ed n\u00e1borov\u00e9 aktivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9 odstranit ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201e\u010dern\u00e1 firma\u201c?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/delete-google-search\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/delete-google-search[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chcete-li pochopit tuto problematiku, je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit argumenty a d\u016fkazy v souladu s podm\u00ednkami pro zalo\u017een\u00ed pomluvy, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b vzhledem k dan\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edpadu, zp\u016fsobu popisu a vnit\u0159n\u00ed situaci ve spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Co_jsou_podminky_pro_zalozeni_pomluvy\" title=\"Co jsou podm\u00ednky pro zalo\u017een\u00ed pomluvy\">Co jsou podm\u00ednky pro zalo\u017een\u00ed pomluvy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Co_je_%E2%80%9Ekonkretni_skutecnost%E2%80%9C\" title=\"Co je \u201ekonkr\u00e9tn\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u201c\">Co je \u201ekonkr\u00e9tn\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u201c<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Presne_definovani_slov_pomoci_slovniku_a_podobnych_zdroju\" title=\"P\u0159esn\u00e9 definov\u00e1n\u00ed slov pomoc\u00ed slovn\u00edk\u016f a podobn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f\">P\u0159esn\u00e9 definov\u00e1n\u00ed slov pomoc\u00ed slovn\u00edk\u016f a podobn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Konkretni_argumentace_v_zavislosti_na_%E2%80%9Ckontextu%E2%80%9D_jednotlivych_pripadu\" title=\"Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed argumentace v z\u00e1vislosti na &#8220;kontextu&#8221; jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f\">Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed argumentace v z\u00e1vislosti na &#8220;kontextu&#8221; jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Pripady_kdy_dochazi_k_problemu_s_pomluvou_ve_forme_nazorove_kritiky\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k probl\u00e9mu s pomluvou ve form\u011b n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 kritiky\">P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k probl\u00e9mu s pomluvou ve form\u011b n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 kritiky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Co_znamena_%E2%80%9Cneni_pravda%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;nen\u00ed pravda&#8221;\">Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;nen\u00ed pravda&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Priklady_tvrzeni_ze_cerna_firma_je_pomlouvajici\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dern\u00e1 firma je pomlouvaj\u00edc\u00ed\">P\u0159\u00edklady tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dern\u00e1 firma je pomlouvaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Pro_soudni_rizeni_a_docasna_opatreni_jsou_potreba_detailni_dukazy\" title=\"Pro soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a do\u010dasn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou pot\u0159eba detailn\u00ed d\u016fkazy\">Pro soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a do\u010dasn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou pot\u0159eba detailn\u00ed d\u016fkazy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Dukaz_nepravdivosti_a_%E2%80%9Cdukaz_dabla%E2%80%9D\" title=\"D\u016fkaz nepravdivosti a &#8220;d\u016fkaz \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;\">D\u016fkaz nepravdivosti a &#8220;d\u016fkaz \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Priklady_tvrzeni_a_dukazu_%E2%80%9Cdukazu_dabla%E2%80%9D\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkaz\u016f &#8220;d\u016fkazu \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;\">P\u0159\u00edklady tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkaz\u016f &#8220;d\u016fkazu \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/black-companies-dafamation\/#Tvrzeni_a_dukaz_ze_nejsme_%E2%80%9Ccernou_firmou%E2%80%9D\" title=\"Tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkaz, \u017ee nejsme &#8220;\u010dernou firmou&#8221;\">Tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkaz, \u017ee nejsme &#8220;\u010dernou firmou&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_jsou_podminky_pro_zalozeni_pomluvy\"><\/span>Co jsou podm\u00ednky pro zalo\u017een\u00ed pomluvy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pomluva, jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, je zalo\u017eena, kdy\u017e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>je uveden konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed fakt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tento z\u00e1znam nen\u00ed pravdiv\u00fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed t\u011bchto po\u017eadavk\u016f naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_%E2%80%9Ekonkretni_skutecnost%E2%80%9C\"><\/span>Co je \u201ekonkr\u00e9tn\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u201c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z po\u017eadavk\u016f pro zalo\u017een\u00ed pomluvy je \u201euv\u00e9st skute\u010dnost\u201c. Term\u00edn \u201eskute\u010dnost\u201c zde m\u00e1 trochu jin\u00fd v\u00fdznam ne\u017e v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di. \u201eSkute\u010dnost\u201c znamen\u00e1 \u201ekonkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u011bc\u201c, nebo odborn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, \u201ez\u00e1le\u017eitost, jej\u00ed\u017e pravdivost lze ur\u010dit na z\u00e1klad\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f\u201c. Nap\u0159\u00edklad tvrzen\u00ed \u201eRamen v t\u00e9to restauraci je hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ramen v restauraci naproti\u201c je pouze n\u00e1zor zalo\u017een\u00fd na individu\u00e1ln\u00ed chuti. Nejde o n\u011bco, co bychom mohli rozhodnout na z\u00e1klad\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f. Av\u0161ak tvrzen\u00ed \u201eRamen v t\u00e9to restauraci obsahuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed chemick\u00fdch dochucovadel\u201c je n\u011bco, co m\u016f\u017eeme ov\u011b\u0159it na z\u00e1klad\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f, jako je recept. Pomluva m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zalo\u017eena pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b takov\u00fdch tvrzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak tato distinkce, tedy zda n\u011bco napsan\u00e9ho je \u201ez\u00e1le\u017eitost, jej\u00ed\u017e pravdivost lze ur\u010dit na z\u00e1klad\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f\u201c, nen\u00ed v\u017edy jasn\u00e1. Existuje mnoho v\u00fdraz\u016f, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed do \u0161ed\u00e9 z\u00f3ny mezi \u201ejasn\u011b skute\u010dn\u00fdmi\u201c a \u201ejasn\u011b neskute\u010dn\u00fdmi\u201c tvrzen\u00edmi. \u201e\u010cern\u00e1 firma\u201c (Japanese ~ &#8220;Black company&#8221;) je typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. M\u016f\u017ee se zd\u00e1t, \u017ee je bl\u00ed\u017ee k \u201ej\u00eddlo je \u0161patn\u00e9\u201c, ale tak\u00e9 se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee je bl\u00ed\u017ee k \u201ej\u00eddlo obsahuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed chemick\u00fdch dochucovadel\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Presne_definovani_slov_pomoci_slovniku_a_podobnych_zdroju\"><\/span>P\u0159esn\u00e9 definov\u00e1n\u00ed slov pomoc\u00ed slovn\u00edk\u016f a podobn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee definice slova, kter\u00e9 znamen\u00e1 &#8220;to je toto slovo (a tedy je to &#8216;fakt&#8217;)&#8221;, je dok\u00e1z\u00e1na &#8216;d\u016fkazem&#8217;. V tomto kontextu, noviny a encyklopedie velk\u00fdch novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch a vydavatelsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b &#8220;\u010dern\u00fdch firem&#8221; (black companies), Asahi Shimbun Company ned\u00e1vno definovala &#8220;\u010dern\u00e9 firmy&#8221; jako &#8220;firmy, kter\u00e9 zam\u011bstnance nut\u00ed pracovat za neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch nebo \u0161kodliv\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek&#8221;. Shogakukan tak\u00e9 definovala &#8220;\u010dern\u00e9 firmy&#8221; ve sv\u00e9 &#8220;Velk\u00e9 japonsk\u00e9 encyklopedii (Nipponica)&#8221; jako &#8220;firmy, kter\u00e9 zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm vnucuj\u00ed nesm\u00edrn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 normy nebo nez\u00e1konn\u011b dlouh\u00e9 hodiny p\u0159es\u010das\u016f, nebo firmy, kde se st\u00e1v\u00e1 normou psychick\u00e9 \u0161ikanov\u00e1n\u00ed, obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo nevypl\u00e1cen\u00ed mezd&#8221;. Podle t\u00e9to definice lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee zda firma je &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; lze posoudit na z\u00e1klad\u011b konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch d\u016fkaz\u016f, jako je legalita pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek, existence a m\u00edra norem, existence a d\u00e9lka p\u0159es\u010das\u016f, stav platby mezd atd. Ve skute\u010dnosti existuj\u00ed soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee &#8220;jestli\u017ee je firma &#8216;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8217; lze rozhodnout na z\u00e1klad\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f, je to faktick\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9 rozhodnout, zda je \u017ealobce &#8216;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8217; (vynech\u00e1no) na z\u00e1klad\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f atd., tak\u017ee je to faktick\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 je to faktick\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kozuje kredit \u017ealobce vzhledem k definici &#8216;\u010dern\u00e9 firmy&#8217;<\/p>\n<cite>Soud v Tokiu, 25. b\u0159ezna 2013 (Heisei 25)<br><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento soudn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad rozhodl, \u017ee v\u00fdrok &#8220;je to je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed \u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; je faktick\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ukazuje konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed fakta, kdy\u017e je posuzov\u00e1no z definice &#8220;\u010dern\u00e9 firmy&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Konkretni_argumentace_v_zavislosti_na_%E2%80%9Ckontextu%E2%80%9D_jednotlivych_pripadu\"><\/span>Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed argumentace v z\u00e1vislosti na &#8220;kontextu&#8221; jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, nakonec je to ot\u00e1zka konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu. Je t\u0159eba podrobn\u011b prov\u011b\u0159it popis v dan\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b a zjistit, zda je term\u00edn &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; pou\u017eit v kontextu, kter\u00fd znamen\u00e1 pouze &#8220;firma, do kter\u00e9 byste nem\u011bli nastoupit&#8221;, nebo zda je pou\u017eit tak, \u017ee z n\u011bj lze vy\u010d\u00edst, \u017ee se dopou\u0161t\u00ed poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a podobn\u011b. A &#8220;poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a podobn\u011b&#8221; nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b konkr\u00e9tn\u011b uvedeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p> I kdy\u017e nen\u00ed uvedeno konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed, pokud obsah vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dojem pravdivosti pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e s b\u011b\u017enou pozornost\u00ed a zp\u016fsobem \u010dten\u00ed, nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ur\u00e1\u017eka na cti pop\u0159ena. <\/p>\n<cite> Rozsudek tokijsk\u00e9ho soudu ze dne 19. \u0159\u00edjna 2009 (Heisei 21) <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje tak\u00e9 tento precedent a nakonec, pokud slovo &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te v kontextu, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dojem, \u017ee je to firma, kter\u00e1 poru\u0161uje pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1va a podobn\u011b, pak je to stejn\u00e9 jako psan\u00ed skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee poru\u0161uje pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1va a podobn\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad existuje tak\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed rozsudek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p> Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee n\u00e1zev &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; je pou\u017eit v n\u00e1zvu vl\u00e1kna, ve kter\u00e9m je tento \u010dl\u00e1nek zve\u0159ejn\u011bn, a \u017ee n\u00e1zev &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; je obecn\u011b ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako v\u00fdraz, kter\u00fd znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky jsou n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed je \u0161patn\u00e9, a tak\u00e9 vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee na tomto webu je uvedeno, \u017ee &#8220;m\u00edra odchod\u016f je vysok\u00e1&#8221;, a v jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch v tomto vl\u00e1knu jsou, a\u010dkoli se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed jin\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed popisy pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek a pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, jako je &#8220;bez ob\u011bdov\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vky&#8221; nebo &#8220;i kdy\u017e pracuji p\u0159es\u010das minim\u00e1ln\u011b 3 hodiny denn\u011b a v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 hodin m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b, na v\u00fdplatn\u00ed p\u00e1sce je uvedeno jen asi 60 hodin&#8221;, (vynech\u00e1no) b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u010dten\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd \u010dte v\u00fdraz &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; v tomto vl\u00e1knu, m\u016f\u017ee pln\u011b pochopit v\u00fdznam &#8220;\u010dern\u00e9 firmy&#8221; jako &#8220;firma, kter\u00e1 vynucuje n\u00e1ro\u010dnou pr\u00e1ci nebo \u0161patn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n<cite> Rozsudek tokijsk\u00e9ho soudu ze dne 22. prosince 2016 (Heisei 28) <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento rozsudek je zalo\u017een na skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Na stejn\u00e9m webu byly kritick\u00e9 popisy o jin\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159est\u00e1vek a p\u0159es\u010das\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na tom sam\u00e9m webu byla o \u017ealobci \u0159e\u010deno, \u017ee je to &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto skute\u010dnost\u00ed soud rozhodl, \u017ee &#8220;v kontextu, je to stejn\u00e9 jako tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u017ealobce tak\u00e9 poru\u0161uje pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1va a podobn\u011b&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_kdy_dochazi_k_problemu_s_pomluvou_ve_forme_nazorove_kritiky\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k probl\u00e9mu s pomluvou ve form\u011b n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 kritiky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fdraz &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; m\u016f\u017ee, jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch kontextech odkazovat na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed skute\u010dnosti. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy to tak nen\u00ed. V takov\u00fdch situac\u00edch se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s probl\u00e9mem pomluvy ve form\u011b n\u00e1zorov\u00e9 kritiky. Tento bod je podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlen v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/expressions-and-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/expressions-and-defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_znamena_%E2%80%9Cneni_pravda%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Co znamen\u00e1 &#8220;nen\u00ed pravda&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"735\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/black-companies-dafamation-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-67029\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/black-companies-dafamation-2.jpg 735w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/black-companies-dafamation-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2025\/11\/black-companies-dafamation-2-250x167.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jak dok\u00e1zat, \u017ee nejsme &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221;?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e je konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u011bc uvedena, pokud je tato v\u011bc pravdiv\u00e1, v\u011bt\u0161inou se nepova\u017euje za pomluvu. Proto, pokud je o n\u00e1s naps\u00e1no, \u017ee jsme &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221;, mus\u00edme prok\u00e1zat a tvrdit, \u017ee &#8220;na\u0161e firma nen\u00ed \u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00e9 d\u016fkazy tedy m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159edlo\u017eit, abychom mohli \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee &#8220;na\u0161e firma nen\u00ed \u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221;? To z\u00e1vis\u00ed na definici &#8220;\u010dern\u00e9 firmy&#8221;. Podle v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 definice budeme tvrdit, \u017ee &#8220;na\u0161e firma nen\u00ed takov\u00fd typ firmy&#8221;. Nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_tvrzeni_ze_cerna_firma_je_pomlouvajici\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dern\u00e1 firma je pomlouvaj\u00edc\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V re\u00e1ln\u00fdch situac\u00edch do\u010dasn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed nebo soudn\u00edch spor\u016f budeme pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b tvrdit n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">V dan\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku je uvedeno, \u017ee \u017ealobce je &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221;.<br>Zde &#8220;\u010dern\u00e1 firma&#8221; znamen\u00e1 &#8220;firma, kter\u00e1 sv\u00fdm zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm vnucuje nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky, jako jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9 normy nebo p\u0159emr\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159es\u010dasy, nebo kde jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 psychick\u00e9 \u0161ikany, obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo nevyplacen\u00ed mezd&#8221; (K1). Proto lze ot\u00e1zku, zda je \u017ealobce \u010dern\u00e1 firma, rozhodnout na z\u00e1klad\u011b d\u016fkaz\u016f. Existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy bylo rozhodnuto stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem (K2).<br>Proto je tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u017ealobce je \u010dern\u00e1 firma, jasn\u011b sni\u017euje jeho soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed podle v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 definice.<br>Ale \u017ealobce nevnucuje sv\u00fdm zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9 normy nebo p\u0159emr\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159es\u010dasy a nepraktikuje psychick\u00e9 \u0161ikany, obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo nevypl\u00e1cen\u00ed mezd. V tomto ohledu neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed podle normy v syst\u00e9mu odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealobce (K3), \u017ealobce m\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd zabra\u0148uje p\u0159es\u010das\u016fm (K4), a nejsou poru\u0161ov\u00e1ny z\u00e1kony o pracovn\u00edch norm\u00e1ch t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159es\u010das\u016f (K5). Nav\u00edc \u017ealobce m\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00ed linku pro konzultace, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed psychick\u00e9mu \u0161ikanov\u00e1n\u00ed a obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (K6), a v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce nebyla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 konzultace t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se t\u011bchto ot\u00e1zek (K7), a mzdy jsou \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vypl\u00e1ceny (K8).<br>Tak\u017ee neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 pravdivost a dan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek je nez\u00e1konn\u00fd, proto\u017ee po\u0161kozuje pov\u011bst \u017ealobce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pro_soudni_rizeni_a_docasna_opatreni_jsou_potreba_detailni_dukazy\"><\/span>Pro soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a do\u010dasn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou pot\u0159eba detailn\u00ed d\u016fkazy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Spolu s v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdmi tvrzen\u00edmi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>kopie slovn\u00edku (K1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>minul\u00e9 soudn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed (K2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>platov\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (K3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u0159ehled zaveden\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu (K4)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010dasov\u00e9 karty zam\u011bstnanc\u016f (K5)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>instrukce t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00ed konzulta\u010dn\u00ed linky pro zam\u011bstnance (K6)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z\u00e1znamy odpov\u011bd\u00ed na konzulta\u010dn\u00ed linku (K7)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dokumenty t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdplaty mezd (K8)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>jsou p\u0159ipraveny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V soudn\u00edch \u0159\u00edzen\u00edch a do\u010dasn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou prov\u00e1d\u011bny s t\u00edmto na pam\u011bti, je pro v\u0161echny v\u011bci pot\u0159eba konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u00ed a d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 je podporuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provisional-disposition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provisional-disposition[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dukaz_nepravdivosti_a_%E2%80%9Cdukaz_dabla%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>D\u016fkaz nepravdivosti a &#8220;d\u016fkaz \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecn\u011b vzato, tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkaz, \u017ee n\u011bco &#8220;nen\u00ed pravda&#8221;, je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. To je proto, \u017ee to nakonec znamen\u00e1 d\u016fkazov\u00e1n\u00ed &#8220;neexistence n\u011b\u010deho&#8221;, co\u017e je bl\u00edzk\u00e9 takzvan\u00e9mu &#8220;d\u016fkazu \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak z pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9ho hlediska &#8220;d\u016fkaz \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221; rozhodn\u011b nen\u00ed &#8220;nemo\u017en\u00fd&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_tvrzeni_a_dukazu_%E2%80%9Cdukazu_dabla%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkaz\u016f &#8220;d\u016fkazu \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad, p\u0159edstavme si situaci, kdy je o ur\u010dit\u00e9m zam\u011bstnanci naps\u00e1no s jeho skute\u010dn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem, \u017ee &#8220;byl loni zat\u010den za sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; a on chce tvrdit, \u017ee &#8220;takov\u00fd fakt neexistuje&#8221;. D\u016fkaz, \u017ee &#8220;ur\u010dit\u00e1 osoba nebyla zat\u010dena&#8221;, je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd. Ale pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad tento \u010dlov\u011bk nebyl v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce ani jednou nep\u0159\u00edtomen v pr\u00e1ci, m\u016f\u017ee se p\u0159edlo\u017eit d\u016fkaz v podob\u011b doch\u00e1zkov\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu, kter\u00fd dokazuje, \u017ee &#8220;byl p\u0159\u00edtomen ka\u017ed\u00fd den&#8221;. Tvrzen\u00ed je, \u017ee &#8220;pokud by skute\u010dn\u011b byl zat\u010den za sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, nemohl by b\u00fdt v pr\u00e1ci, ale on byl p\u0159\u00edtomen ka\u017ed\u00fd den, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee takov\u00fd fakt neexistuje&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto, i kdy\u017e je &#8220;d\u016fkaz \u010f\u00e1bla&#8221;, nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u016fkaz, \u017ee &#8220;ur\u010dit\u00e1 osoba nebyla zat\u010dena&#8221;, z pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9ho hlediska nen\u00ed nemo\u017en\u00fd. Sta\u010d\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o &#8220;faktech, kter\u00e9 jsou v rozporu s existenc\u00ed tohoto faktu&#8221; a p\u0159edlo\u017eit d\u016fkazy. &#8220;Pokud by skute\u010dn\u011b byl zat\u010den za sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, fakt, \u017ee byl p\u0159\u00edtomen ka\u017ed\u00fd den, by byl v rozporu s t\u00edmto faktem&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tvrzeni_a_dukaz_ze_nejsme_%E2%80%9Ccernou_firmou%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkaz, \u017ee nejsme &#8220;\u010dernou firmou&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To plat\u00ed i pro p\u0159\u00edpad &#8220;\u010dern\u00fdch firem&#8221;. &#8220;\u010cern\u00e1 firma&#8221; je konkr\u00e9tn\u011b definov\u00e1na takto, ale pokud by na\u0161e spole\u010dnost byla takov\u00fdm podnikem, tento fakt by nemohl existovat, a proto\u017ee tento fakt existuje s d\u016fkazy, na\u0161e spole\u010dnost nen\u00ed &#8220;\u010dernou firmou&#8221;. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sta\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ipravit logick\u00e9 argumenty a d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 je podporuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud jsou tato tvrzen\u00ed a d\u016fkazy pe\u010dliv\u011b p\u0159ipraveny, je mo\u017en\u00e9 tvrdit, \u017ee &#8220;jde o pomluvu&#8221;, a je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat odstran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku nebo zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed IP adresy a jm\u00e9na a adresy odes\u00edlatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159i jsme se skute\u010dn\u011b zab\u00fdvali p\u0159\u00edpadem, kde bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1s jako &#8220;\u010dernou firmu&#8221; je &#8220;nez\u00e1konn\u00fd&#8221;. Tento p\u0159\u00edpad je pops\u00e1n v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/illegal-posting-black-companies-in5ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/illegal-posting-black-companies-in5ch[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b identifikace odes\u00edlatele je slo\u017eit\u00fd proces. Toto je podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btleno v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/disclosure-of-the-senders-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/disclosure-of-the-senders-information[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pro podnikatele je ozna\u010den\u00ed jejich spole\u010dnosti jako \u201e\u010dern\u00e1 firma\u201c velk\u00fdm m\u00ednusem, zejm\u00e9na v oblasti n\u00e1boru nov\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. I kdy\u017e \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b dodr\u017eujete pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kony p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sv\u00e9 firm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":67028,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61450"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61450"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61450\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67030,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61450\/revisions\/67030"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/67028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61450"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61450"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}