{"id":61485,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:34","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61485"},"modified":"2024-03-28T10:18:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T01:18:58","slug":"crowd-funding-law-point","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se \u010dasto setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s p\u0159\u00edpady z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu (CF). Crowdfunding, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje rychle z\u00edskat finance v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy chyb\u00ed pen\u00edze na realizaci dobr\u00e9ho n\u00e1padu, se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee bude i nad\u00e1le hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, crowdfunding je nov\u00fd mechanismus a existuje riziko neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f. Proto vysv\u011btl\u00edme pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, na kter\u00e9 byste m\u011bli d\u00e1vat pozor p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Pritazlivost_crowdfundingu_pro_firmy\" title=\" P\u0159ita\u017elivost crowdfundingu pro firmy \"> P\u0159ita\u017elivost crowdfundingu pro firmy <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Pravni_struktura_crowdfundingu\" title=\"Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed struktura crowdfundingu\">Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed struktura crowdfundingu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Druhy_crowdfundingu\" title=\"Druhy crowdfundingu\">Druhy crowdfundingu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Nakupni_crowdfunding\" title=\"N\u00e1kupn\u00ed crowdfunding\">N\u00e1kupn\u00ed crowdfunding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Donorsky_crowdfunding\" title=\"Donorsk\u00fd crowdfunding\">Donorsk\u00fd crowdfunding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Investicni_crowdfunding\" title=\"Investi\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding\">Investi\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Problemy_v_ramci_crowdfundingu\" title=\"Probl\u00e9my v r\u00e1mci crowdfundingu\">Probl\u00e9my v r\u00e1mci crowdfundingu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Priklady_problemu_s_crowdfundingu\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklady probl\u00e9m\u016f s crowdfundingu\">P\u0159\u00edklady probl\u00e9m\u016f s crowdfundingu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Priklad_problemu_s_%E2%80%9CReiwa_Natto%E2%80%9D\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklad probl\u00e9mu s &#8220;Reiwa Natto&#8221;\">P\u0159\u00edklad probl\u00e9mu s &#8220;Reiwa Natto&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Priklad_problemu_s_Masayama_Eien\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edklad probl\u00e9mu s Masayama Eien\">P\u0159\u00edklad probl\u00e9mu s Masayama Eien<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/crowd-funding-law-point\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pritazlivost_crowdfundingu_pro_firmy\"><\/span> P\u0159ita\u017elivost crowdfundingu pro firmy <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> Crowdfunding je syst\u00e9m, kdy podnikatel\u00e9 p\u0159edkl\u00e1daj\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy na nov\u00e9 produkty nebo slu\u017eby a z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed mal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky pen\u011bz od velk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed podporuj\u00ed realizaci t\u011bchto n\u00e1vrh\u016f. Tak\u017ee v pr\u016fb\u011bhu crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b lze tak\u00e9 zjistit, kolik lid\u00ed m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem o dan\u00fd produkt nebo slu\u017ebu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Pro firmy tedy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017eit\u00ed crowdfundingu atraktivn\u00ed nejen pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fdch reakc\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit tak\u00e9 jako marketingov\u00fd pr\u016fzkum a reklama. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> P\u0159i vyu\u017eit\u00ed crowdfundingu nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt produkt dokon\u010den\u00fd v dob\u011b, kdy se zahajuje sb\u00edrka. Po dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edlov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky z crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b lze vyu\u017e\u00edt z\u00edskan\u00e9 prost\u0159edky na hromadnou v\u00fdrobu produktu, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee pro firmy v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit rizika spojen\u00e1 s v\u00fdvojem produktu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee firmy mohou vyu\u017e\u00edt crowdfunding k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed, pokud se cht\u011bj\u00ed pustit do nov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed mimo sv\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed sektory, kde je vysok\u00e9 podnikatelsk\u00e9 riziko a kde se mohou objevit r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1zory uvnit\u0159 firmy. Pokud je n\u00e1vrh popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ijat, pokud je nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zru\u0161en. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b zvy\u0161uje po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy velk\u00e9 firmy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed crowdfunding. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Pro v\u00edce informac\u00ed o jin\u00fdch metod\u00e1ch z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed mimo crowdfunding, se pod\u00edvejte na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/method-of-raising-funds-for-stock-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/method-of-raising-funds-for-stock-company[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pravni_struktura_crowdfundingu\"><\/span>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed struktura crowdfundingu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/crowd-funding-law-point3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14629\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Crowdfunding se st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u00edce zn\u00e1m\u00fdm jako snadn\u00fd zp\u016fsob z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed, ale skute\u010dnost\u00ed je, \u017ee jeho pr\u00e1vn\u00ed struktura nen\u00ed \u0161iroce pochopena. V z\u00e1vislosti na zp\u016fsobu prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed crowdfundingu m\u016f\u017ee existovat riziko neleg\u00e1lnosti, tak\u017ee je nezbytn\u00e9 m\u00edt p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm crowdfundingu pln\u00e9 porozum\u011bn\u00ed jeho pr\u00e1vn\u00ed struktu\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Druhy_crowdfundingu\"><\/span>Druhy crowdfundingu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Crowdfunding je pr\u00e1vn\u011b rozd\u011blen do t\u0159\u00ed kategori\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>N\u00e1kupn\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Donorsk\u00fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Investi\u010dn\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nakupni_crowdfunding\"><\/span>N\u00e1kupn\u00ed crowdfunding<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1kupn\u00ed crowdfunding znamen\u00e1, \u017ee osoba, kter\u00e1 poskytuje finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za kupuj\u00edc\u00edho produkt nebo slu\u017ebu, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159edm\u011btem crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kupn\u00ed smlouvy. Ve skute\u010dnosti se v\u0161ak produkt nebo slu\u017eba poskytuje a\u017e pot\u00e9, co je dosa\u017eeno c\u00edlov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm financov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, jde o rezervaci n\u00e1kupu. P\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy je financov\u00e1n\u00ed filmu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 b\u00fdt dokon\u010den, realizov\u00e1no prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu a poskytovatel\u00e9 financ\u00ed z\u00edskaj\u00ed vstupenky na p\u0159edpremi\u00e9ru jako protihodnotu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Donorsky_crowdfunding\"><\/span>Donorsk\u00fd crowdfunding<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Donorsk\u00fd crowdfunding je takov\u00fd, kde se neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee poskytovatel\u00e9 financ\u00ed z\u00edskaj\u00ed protihodnotu odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed poskytnut\u00fdm financ\u00edm od provozovatele crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b. Tento typ crowdfundingu je \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n pro aktivity spojen\u00e9 s p\u0159\u00ednosem pro spole\u010dnost nebo dobrovolnick\u00e9 aktivity. P\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu pro v\u00fdstavbu zdravotnick\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v oblasti s n\u00edzkou hustotou obyvatelstva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Investicni_crowdfunding\"><\/span>Investi\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u010dkoli n\u00e1kupn\u00ed a prodejn\u00ed typy jsou z\u0159\u00eddka neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed, u posledn\u00edho typu, investi\u010dn\u00edho, je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost, proto\u017ee je p\u0159edm\u011btem pr\u00e1vn\u00ed regulace. Investi\u010dn\u00ed typ znamen\u00e1, \u017ee strana, kter\u00e1 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 finance, doslova tyto finance spravuje a vrac\u00ed dividendy atd. poskytovatel\u016fm financ\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Investi\u010dn\u00ed typ m\u00e1 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159i podtypy:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Akciov\u00fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fondov\u00fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u016fj\u010dovac\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Akciov\u00fd typ znamen\u00e1, \u017ee investor investuje do provozovatele crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b, kter\u00fd pak investuje do spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 finance. Jako protihodnotu za tuto investici spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 finance, vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 akcie investorovi. V akciov\u00e9m typu crowdfundingu je \u010dasto spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 finance, prov\u00e1d\u00ed tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kapit\u00e1lu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159et\u00ed strany. Podrobnosti o zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kapit\u00e1lu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159et\u00ed strany jsou vysv\u011btleny v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/venture-capital-investment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/venture-capital-investment[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed akciov\u00e9ho crowdfundingu je t\u0159eba, aby provozovatel crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b m\u011bl kvalifikaci oper\u00e1tora maloobchodn\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 sb\u00edrky na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00e1kona o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edmi produkty. P\u016fvodn\u011b byla pro prodej nebo nab\u00eddku t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se vyd\u00e1n\u00ed akci\u00ed vy\u017eadov\u00e1na registrace jako oper\u00e1tor obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edmi produkty prvn\u00edho typu, co\u017e je registrace, kterou maj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry, a p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky pro registraci byly velmi vysok\u00e9. Proto byl v roce 2014 (Heisei 26) z\u00e1kon o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edmi produkty zm\u011bn\u011bn a byl zaveden syst\u00e9m oper\u00e1tor\u016f maloobchodn\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 sb\u00edrky prvn\u00edho typu, kter\u00fd uvolnil po\u017eadavky na crowdfunding, kter\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 mal\u00e9 investice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fondov\u00fd typ znamen\u00e1, \u017ee provozovatel crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed fond pro ka\u017edou spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 pot\u0159ebuje z\u00edskat finance, a investor kupuje pod\u00edl v tomto fondu a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 dividendy atd. z fondu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Provozovatel\u00e9 crowdfundingov\u00fdch kampan\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed fondov\u00fd typ, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt registrov\u00e1ni jako oper\u00e1to\u0159i obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edmi produkty druh\u00e9ho typu podle z\u00e1kona o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edmi produkty. Krom\u011b toho, pokud poskytuj\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed poradenstv\u00ed atd. investor\u016fm, mohou b\u00fdt podle obsahu vy\u017eadov\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 registrace pro investi\u010dn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu a registrace pro investi\u010dn\u00ed poradenstv\u00ed a zastoupen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nakonec, p\u016fj\u010dovac\u00ed typ znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00edce investor\u016f poskytuje finance provozovateli crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b pro projekt spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 pot\u0159ebuje z\u00edskat finance, a provozovatel crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b poskytuje tyto finance jako p\u016fj\u010dku spole\u010dnosti. V p\u016fj\u010dovac\u00edm typu je vztah mezi provozovatelem crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b a spole\u010dnost\u00ed smlouva o p\u016fj\u010dce. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, vztah mezi investorem a provozovatelem crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b je investice a platba dividend atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u016fj\u010dovac\u00edm typu je t\u0159eba, aby provozovatel crowdfundingov\u00e9 kampan\u011b byl registrov\u00e1n jako poskytovatel p\u016fj\u010dek podle z\u00e1kona o poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fj\u010dek nebo jako oper\u00e1tor obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edmi produkty druh\u00e9ho typu podle z\u00e1kona o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edmi produkty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Problemy_v_ramci_crowdfundingu\"><\/span>Probl\u00e9my v r\u00e1mci crowdfundingu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed crowdfundingu se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed objevovat p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k probl\u00e9m\u016fm mezi poskytovateli financ\u00ed. P\u0159i zahajov\u00e1n\u00ed crowdfundingu je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 se z re\u00e1ln\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f nau\u010dit, jak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my mohou nastat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_problemu_s_crowdfundingu\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklady probl\u00e9m\u016f s crowdfundingu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edme n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f, kter\u00e9 se ned\u00e1vno staly t\u00e9matem diskuse v souvislosti s crowdfundingu, a vysv\u011btl\u00edme, na co byste m\u011bli d\u00e1vat pozor. Pamatujte, \u017ee uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady nejsou zcela jasn\u00e9, tak\u017ee je pros\u00edm pova\u017eujte pouze za mo\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 mohou nastat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklad_problemu_s_%E2%80%9CReiwa_Natto%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklad probl\u00e9mu s &#8220;Reiwa Natto&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/crowd-funding-law-point4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14637\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Specializovan\u00e1 restaurace na natto r\u00fd\u017ei &#8220;Reiwa Natto&#8221; vyu\u017eila crowdfunding k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed podpory a jako pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed za podporu 10 000 jen\u016f poskytla &#8220;pas na celo\u017eivotn\u00ed zdarma natto r\u00fd\u017ei&#8221;. P\u0159esto do\u0161lo k velk\u00e9mu rozruchu na internetu, kdy\u017e byl pas jednostrann\u011b zabaven zam\u011bstnancem restaurace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Reiwa Natto prohl\u00e1silo, \u017ee zabaven\u00ed pasu bylo opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9, proto\u017ee bylo zp\u016fsobeno poru\u0161en\u00edm podm\u00ednek pou\u017eit\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee byl probl\u00e9m s t\u00edm, \u017ee podm\u00ednky pou\u017eit\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly z\u00e1kladem pro tuto akci, nebyly jasn\u011b uvedeny v dob\u011b, kdy byla zah\u00e1jena crowdfundingov\u00e1 kampa\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proto by bylo vhodn\u00e9, aby spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed crowdfunding, jasn\u011b uvedly jak\u00e1koli pravidla t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se pou\u017eit\u00ed poskytnut\u00e9 protihodnoty ji\u017e v dob\u011b zah\u00e1jen\u00ed kampan\u011b, aby se vyhnuly pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reiwa Natto tak\u00e9 ozn\u00e1milo, \u017ee si nechalo potvrdit aplikaci podm\u00ednek pou\u017eit\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, spole\u010dnosti nemohou interpretovat poru\u0161en\u00ed podm\u00ednek pou\u017eit\u00ed podle sv\u00e9ho uv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed, tak\u017ee pokud chcete z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu zastavit poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed protihodnoty, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 se poradit s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem nebo jin\u00fdm extern\u00edm odborn\u00edkem a zjistit, zda je takov\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklad_problemu_s_Masayama_Eien\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edklad probl\u00e9mu s Masayama Eien<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mlad\u00fd podnikatel Masayama Eien, kter\u00fd je st\u0159edo\u0161kol\u00e1k, zalo\u017eil zna\u010dku d\u00e1msk\u00e9ho spodn\u00edho pr\u00e1dla a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu z\u00edskal p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 800 000 jen\u016f, ale pot\u00e9 se jeho projekt zhroutil. Skute\u010dn\u011b se zd\u00e1, \u017ee byly provedeny n\u00e1hrady investor\u016fm, ale kdy\u017e tweetoval ze Cebu v dob\u011b, kdy se jeho projekt zhroutil, lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed to vid\u011bli, za\u010dali ps\u00e1t, \u017ee crowdfunding Masayama Eien je podvod a \u017ee se bav\u00ed pen\u011bzi, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, pokud byly provedeny n\u00e1hrady investor\u016fm, nejsou zde pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, je t\u0159eba pochopit, \u017ee pokud se crowdfundingov\u00fd projekt zhrout\u00ed, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee bude kriticky hodnocen ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed. Aby se sn\u00ed\u017eilo riziko takov\u00e9ho v\u00fdbuchu, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby byly v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zhrouten\u00ed crowdfundingov\u00e9ho projektu okam\u017eit\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bny ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed informace o pr\u016fb\u011bhu a politice n\u00e1hrad a aby bylo provedeno up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee crowdfunding je st\u00e1le relativn\u011b nov\u00fdm konceptem, existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee se v budoucnu mohou vyskytnout neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se p\u0159ed vyu\u017eit\u00edm crowdfundingu p\u0159edem zv\u00e1\u017eily mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vzniku jak\u00e9hokoli probl\u00e9mu je mo\u017en\u00e9 se okam\u017eit\u011b obr\u00e1tit na odborn\u00edka, jako je pr\u00e1vn\u00edk se znalost\u00ed crowdfundingu. Crowdfunding m\u00e1 tendenci b\u00fdt \u010dasto diskutov\u00e1n na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch, tak\u017ee je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 reakce m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b po\u0161kodit reputaci firmy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se \u010dasto setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s p\u0159\u00edpady z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu (CF). Crowdfunding, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje rychle z\u00edskat finance v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy chyb\u00ed pen\u00edze na realizaci dobr\u00e9ho [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63602,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[25,24],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61485"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61485"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63603,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61485\/revisions\/63603"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}