{"id":61524,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:36","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61524"},"modified":"2024-03-27T17:05:48","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T08:05:48","slug":"injustice-access-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e1vn\u00edk vysv\u011btluje \u010diny a p\u0159\u00edklady zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 Japonsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zev &#8220;Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a podobn\u00fdch \u010dinnostech&#8221;) byl zaveden v \u00fanoru 2000 (rok 2000 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) a byl revidov\u00e1n v kv\u011btnu 2012 (rok 2012 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e). Tento z\u00e1kon je nyn\u00ed v platnosti. Je to z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 za c\u00edl zabr\u00e1nit kybernetick\u00e9 kriminalit\u011b a udr\u017eovat \u0159\u00e1d v oblasti elektronick\u00fdch komunikac\u00ed, a skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se z celkem 14 \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a podobn\u00fdch \u010dinnostech&#8221; (C\u00edl)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 1 Tento z\u00e1kon m\u00e1 za c\u00edl zabr\u00e1nit neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu a stanovit sankce a opat\u0159en\u00ed k jeho prevenci, kter\u00e9 budou prov\u00e1d\u011bt prefekturn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed komise, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti spojen\u00e9 s po\u010d\u00edta\u010di prov\u00e1d\u011bnou prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch linek a udr\u017eoval \u0159\u00e1d v telekomunikac\u00edch realizovan\u00fdch prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kontroln\u00edch funkc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu, a t\u00edm p\u0159isp\u011bt k zdrav\u00e9mu rozvoji spole\u010dnosti vysok\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch a komunika\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010dinnosti z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu zakazuje? Jak\u00e9 jsou skute\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady a jak\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159ijaty z hlediska trestn\u00edho a ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va? Vysv\u011btl\u00edme p\u0159ehled z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt p\u0159ijata v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se stanete ob\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Ciny_zakazane_podle_japonskeho_zakona_o_zakazu_neopravneneho_pristupu\" title=\"\u010ciny zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu\">\u010ciny zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Co_je_neopravneny_pristup\" title=\"Co je neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup\">Co je neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Zneuziti_identifikacnich_kodu_jinych_osob\" title=\"Zneu\u017eit\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f jin\u00fdch osob\">Zneu\u017eit\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f jin\u00fdch osob<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Utoky_na_bezpecnostni_diry_v_pocitacovych_programech\" title=\"\u00datoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch programech\">\u00datoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch programech<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Dva_typy_neopravneneho_pristupu\" title=\"Dva typy neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu\">Dva typy neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Co_je_to_podpora_nelegalniho_pristupu\" title=\"Co je to podpora neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu\">Co je to podpora neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Co_znamena_neopravnene_ziskani_uchovavani_nebo_pozadovani_cizich_identifikacnich_kodu\" title=\"Co znamen\u00e1 neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed, uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f\">Co znamen\u00e1 neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed, uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Jake_jsou_zakony_tykajici_se_kyberneticke_kriminality_mimo_nelegalni_pristupy\" title=\"Jak\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kony t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kybernetick\u00e9 kriminality mimo neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy\">Jak\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kony t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kybernetick\u00e9 kriminality mimo neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Povinnosti_spravce_pristupu\" title=\"Povinnosti spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu\">Povinnosti spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Opatreni_v_pripade_neopravneneho_pristupu\" title=\"Opat\u0159en\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu\">Opat\u0159en\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Trestni_oznameni\" title=\"Trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed\">Trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Pozadovat_obcanskopravni_nahradu_skody\" title=\"Po\u017eadovat ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody\">Po\u017eadovat ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/injustice-access-law\/#Shrnuti\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ciny_zakazane_podle_japonskeho_zakona_o_zakazu_neopravneneho_pristupu\"><\/span>\u010ciny zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ciny, kter\u00e9 jsou zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny a trest\u00e1ny podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, lze rozd\u011blit do t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch kategori\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Z\u00e1kaz neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (\u010dl\u00e1nek 3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1kaz \u010dinnost\u00ed podporuj\u00edc\u00edch neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup (\u010dl\u00e1nek 5)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1kaz neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f jin\u00fdch osob (\u010dl\u00e1nky 4, 6, 7)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto kontextu se identifika\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3d vztahuje na k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd je ur\u010den pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n spr\u00e1vcem p\u0159\u00edstupu k rozli\u0161en\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f s opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00edm k p\u0159\u00edstupu (\u010dl\u00e1nek 2, odstavec 2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem identifika\u010dn\u00edho k\u00f3du je heslo pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v kombinaci s ID. Krom\u011b toho se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b st\u00e1le v\u00edce roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed syst\u00e9my identifikace osob na z\u00e1klad\u011b otisk\u016f prst\u016f nebo duhovky oka, kter\u00e9 tak\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed do kategorie identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f. Krom\u011b toho, pokud je osoba identifikov\u00e1na na z\u00e1klad\u011b tvaru podpisu nebo tlaku pera, pak se numerick\u00e1 a k\u00f3dovan\u00e1 verze tohoto podpisu st\u00e1v\u00e1 identifika\u010dn\u00edm k\u00f3dem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_neopravneny_pristup\"><\/span>Co je neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je to definov\u00e1no v \u010dl\u00e1nku 2, odstavec 4, ale neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup je &#8220;podvodn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3dy jin\u00fdch osob a &#8220;\u00fatoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry&#8221; v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch programech. Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu zakazuje tyto metody neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm jin\u00fdch osob.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zneuziti_identifikacnich_kodu_jinych_osob\"><\/span>Zneu\u017eit\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f jin\u00fdch osob<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Takzvan\u00e9 &#8220;podvodn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1 vyu\u017eit\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, ke kter\u00e9mu nem\u00e1te opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159istupovat, zneu\u017eit\u00edm identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f jin\u00fdch osob.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, kdy\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, mus\u00edte zadat identifika\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3dy, jako je ID nebo heslo, na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di. Toto jedn\u00e1n\u00ed znamen\u00e1 zad\u00e1n\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f jin\u00fdch osob, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed k pou\u017eit\u00ed, bez jejich v\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je to trochu slo\u017eit\u00e9, ale &#8220;jin\u00e9 osoby&#8221; zde znamen\u00e1 ID a hesla, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e jin\u00e9 osoby vytvo\u0159ily (a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed), a &#8220;podvodn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; znamen\u00e1, stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, &#8220;p\u0159ebr\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, jako jsou \u00fa\u010dty na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch jako Twitter, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e jin\u00e9 osoby pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee po\u017eadavkem je zad\u00e1n\u00ed identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f bez v\u011bdom\u00ed majitele, pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem slu\u017eebn\u00ed cesty sd\u011bl\u00edte sv\u00e9 heslo kolegovi v pr\u00e1ci a po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te ho, aby v\u00e1m zkontroloval e-maily, nejedn\u00e1 se o poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, proto\u017ee m\u00e1te souhlas majitele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecn\u011b se &#8220;podvodn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; vztahuje na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dtu pomoc\u00ed jm\u00e9na a fotografie jin\u00e9 osoby a pou\u017eit\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, jako je Twitter, pod p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm, \u017ee jste ta osoba. Av\u0161ak \u010diny zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 z\u00e1konem o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu se li\u0161\u00ed. Podrobn\u011bji vysv\u011btlujeme obecn\u00fd v\u00fdznam &#8220;podvodn\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221; v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-dentityright\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/spoofing-dentityright[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Utoky_na_bezpecnostni_diry_v_pocitacovych_programech\"><\/span>\u00datoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch programech<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;\u00datoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry&#8221; jsou \u010diny, kter\u00e9 \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry (nedostatky v bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00edch) v po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch jin\u00fdch osob a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 programy atd. k poskytnut\u00ed informac\u00ed a pokyn\u016f mimo identifika\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3dy c\u00edlu \u00fatoku, obejdou funkci kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu k po\u010d\u00edta\u010di jin\u00e9 osoby a vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d bez povolen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Funkce kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu zde znamen\u00e1 funkci, kterou spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu poskytuje konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu elektronick\u00e9mu po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nebo elektronick\u00e9mu po\u010d\u00edta\u010di p\u0159ipojen\u00e9mu k elektronick\u00e9mu po\u010d\u00edta\u010di prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed linky, aby omezil konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de tak, aby ho nemohli vyu\u017e\u00edvat jin\u00ed ne\u017e opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 (\u010dl\u00e1nek 2, odstavec 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro jednoduch\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, je to syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje, aby osoby, kter\u00e9 se pokou\u0161ej\u00ed p\u0159istupovat k po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu, zadaly ID a heslo atd. na s\u00edti, a umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je zad\u00e1no spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ID a heslo atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, &#8220;\u00fatoky na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry&#8221; znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee t\u00edm, \u017ee tento syst\u00e9m zneplatn\u00edte, m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edvat dan\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m bez zad\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho ID a hesla atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dva_typy_neopravneneho_pristupu\"><\/span>Dva typy neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, existuj\u00ed dva typy neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee pro to, aby byl jak\u00fdkoli z t\u011bchto typ\u016f pova\u017eov\u00e1n za neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, je nutn\u00e9, aby byl proveden prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Proto, pokud zad\u00e1te heslo atd. bez povolen\u00ed do po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed p\u0159ipojen k s\u00edti, tedy tzv. samostatn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, nejedn\u00e1 se o neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed, nejedn\u00e1 se pouze o otev\u0159en\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b jako internet, ale tak\u00e9 o uzav\u0159en\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b jako firemn\u00ed LAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nav\u00edc, neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed na obsah neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, tak\u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 objedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, prohl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dat, p\u0159enos soubor\u016f atd., stejn\u011b jako p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek, jsou v rozporu se z\u00e1konem o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud provedete jednu z t\u011bchto dvou forem neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017een trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na t\u0159i roky nebo pokuta a\u017e 1 milion jen\u016f (\u010dl\u00e1nek 11).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_podpora_nelegalniho_pristupu\"><\/span>Co je to podpora neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Podpora neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu, kter\u00fd je zak\u00e1z\u00e1n v r\u00e1mci Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu (Unauthorised Access Prohibition Law), znamen\u00e1 poskytnut\u00ed ciz\u00edch ID a hesel t\u0159et\u00edm stran\u00e1m bez svolen\u00ed majitele. Bez ohledu na prost\u0159edky, jako jsou telefon, e-mail nebo webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, pokud n\u011bkomu sd\u011bl\u00edte nebo ozn\u00e1m\u00edte informace jako &#8220;ID pro \u25a1\u25a1 je \u00d7\u00d7, heslo je \u25b3\u25b3&#8221;, a umo\u017en\u00edte tak ciz\u00edm lidem p\u0159\u00edstup k dat\u016fm jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed, jedn\u00e1 se o podporu neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud se dopust\u00edte podpory neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu, m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1ni trestem odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do jednoho roku nebo pokutou do 500 000 jen\u016f (\u010dl\u00e1nek 12, odstavec 2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee i kdy\u017e poskytnete heslo bez v\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee to podporuje neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1ni pokutou do 300 000 jen\u016f (\u010dl\u00e1nek 13).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_znamena_neopravnene_ziskani_uchovavani_nebo_pozadovani_cizich_identifikacnich_kodu\"><\/span>Co znamen\u00e1 neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed, uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V japonsk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (Japanese Unauthorized Access Prohibition Law) je zak\u00e1z\u00e1no neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f (ID, hesla).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 4: Z\u00e1kaz neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 6: Z\u00e1kaz neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u010cl\u00e1nek 7: Z\u00e1kaz neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem t\u011bchto zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed je &#8220;po\u017eadov\u00e1n\u00ed zad\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;, co\u017e je v podstat\u011b phishing. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, podvodn\u00edci se vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed za finan\u010dn\u00ed instituci a l\u00e1kaj\u00ed ob\u011bti na fale\u0161n\u00e9 webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 vypadaj\u00ed jako skute\u010dn\u00e9. Na t\u011bchto fale\u0161n\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch pak ob\u011bti zad\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 hesla a ID.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Identifika\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3dy z\u00edskan\u00e9 phishingem jsou \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v auk\u010dn\u00edch podvodech a tak\u00e9 k neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159evod\u016fm pen\u011bz z \u00fa\u010dt\u016f ob\u011bt\u00ed na jin\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty. T\u011bchto podvod\u016f je st\u00e1le v\u00edce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Za tyto \u010diny m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017een trest odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na dobu do jednoho roku nebo pokuta do v\u00fd\u0161e 500 000 jen\u016f (\u010dl\u00e1nek 12, bod 4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jake_jsou_zakony_tykajici_se_kyberneticke_kriminality_mimo_nelegalni_pristupy\"><\/span>Jak\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kony t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kybernetick\u00e9 kriminality mimo neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto, Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed norma, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fdmi typy takzvan\u00e9 kybernetick\u00e9 kriminality. Pokud mluv\u00edme o celkov\u00e9m rozsahu &#8220;kybernetick\u00e9 kriminality&#8221;, mohou se st\u00e1t relevantn\u00edmi tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kony, jako je Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o trestn\u00fdch \u010dinech spojen\u00fdch s po\u0161kozen\u00edm elektronick\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f a naru\u0161en\u00edm provozu, Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o trestn\u00fdch \u010dinech spojen\u00fdch s podvodn\u00fdm naru\u0161en\u00edm provozu, Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o trestn\u00fdch \u010dinech spojen\u00fdch s pomluvou a dal\u0161\u00ed. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho obrazu kybernetick\u00e9 kriminality naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/categories-of-cyber-crime\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/categories-of-cyber-crime[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Povinnosti_spravce_pristupu\"><\/span>Povinnosti spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_278466998-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9804\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Vysv\u011btl\u00edme povinnosti definovan\u00e9 v Japonsk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu. Spr\u00e1vcem p\u0159\u00edstupu je osoba, kter\u00e1 spravuje chod konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de p\u0159ipojen\u00e9ho k telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed lince (\u010dl\u00e1nek 2, odstavec 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spr\u00e1vou se zde mysl\u00ed rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o tom, kdo a v jak\u00e9m rozsahu m\u016f\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edvat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed elektronick\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d p\u0159es s\u00ed\u0165. Osoba, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 pravomoc rozhodovat o u\u017eivatel\u00edch a rozsahu jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed, je spr\u00e1vcem p\u0159\u00edstupu podle Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud spole\u010dnost provozuje ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, vybere z \u0159ad zam\u011bstnanc\u016f spr\u00e1vce syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd bude syst\u00e9m spravovat. Av\u0161ak jednotliv\u00ed spr\u00e1vci syst\u00e9mu spravuj\u00ed syst\u00e9m pouze podle pokyn\u016f spole\u010dnosti. Proto je v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spr\u00e1vcem p\u0159\u00edstupu spole\u010dnost provozuj\u00edc\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, nikoli spr\u00e1vce syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu nejen definuje neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup a sankce, ale tak\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 povinnosti spr\u00e1vci, aby zabr\u00e1nil neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu p\u0159i spr\u00e1v\u011b server\u016f atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Obrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 8: Spr\u00e1vce p\u0159\u00edstupu, kter\u00fd p\u0159idal funkci kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu k ur\u010dit\u00e9mu elektronick\u00e9mu po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, se sna\u017e\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b spravovat identifika\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3dy nebo k\u00f3dy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm funkce kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu, neust\u00e1le ov\u011b\u0159uje \u00fa\u010dinnost funkce kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu a kdy\u017e to pova\u017euje za nutn\u00e9, sna\u017e\u00ed se rychle zlep\u0161it tuto funkci a p\u0159ijmout jin\u00e1 nezbytn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed k ochran\u011b ur\u010dit\u00e9ho elektronick\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de p\u0159ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 spr\u00e1va identifika\u010dn\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f&#8221;, &#8220;neust\u00e1l\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti funkce kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu&#8221; a &#8220;zlep\u0161en\u00ed funkce kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu podle pot\u0159eby&#8221; jsou povinn\u00e9, ale proto\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o povinnost usilovat, neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 sankce za nedodr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bchto opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak spr\u00e1vce mus\u00ed, pokud existuj\u00ed d\u016fkazy o \u00faniku ID nebo hesla, rychle prov\u00e9st kontrolu p\u0159\u00edstupu, jako je smaz\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dtu nebo zm\u011bna hesla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Opatreni_v_pripade_neopravneneho_pristupu\"><\/span>Opat\u0159en\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_523778230-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9805\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te e-mail nebo soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, m\u016f\u017eete se st\u00e1t ob\u011bt\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu od jin\u00fdch osob. Jak\u00e9 jsou mo\u017enosti \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trestni_oznameni\"><\/span>Trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejprve je mo\u017en\u00e9 podat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed na osobu, kter\u00e1 provedla neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup je trestn\u00fd \u010din a osoba, kter\u00e1 ho provedla, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt trestn\u011b st\u00edh\u00e1na. Jak jsme vysv\u011btlili v\u00fd\u0161e, pachatel m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1n trestem odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody a\u017e na t\u0159i roky nebo pokutou do 1 milionu jen\u016f. Pokud n\u011bkdo p\u0159isp\u011bl k tomuto \u010dinu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt potrest\u00e1n trestem odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody do jednoho roku nebo pokutou do 500 tis\u00edc jen\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu je trestn\u00fd \u010din, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt st\u00edh\u00e1n i bez trestn\u00edho ozn\u00e1men\u00ed. Pokud policie zjist\u00ed o takov\u00e9m \u010dinu, m\u016f\u017ee zah\u00e1jit vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a pachatele zatknout. Dokonce i kdy\u017e nejste ob\u011bt\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, m\u016f\u017eete tento \u010din nahl\u00e1sit policii, pokud o n\u011bm v\u00edte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak jsme zm\u00ednili v \u010dl\u00e1nku o trestn\u00e9m \u010dinu naru\u0161en\u00ed provozu, trestn\u00fd \u010din, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt st\u00edh\u00e1n pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b trestn\u00edho ozn\u00e1men\u00ed ob\u011bti, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 &#8220;trestn\u00fd \u010din na \u017ealobu&#8221;. To v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pod\u00e1no pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f na \u017ealobu. I v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, kter\u00e9 nejsou na \u017ealobu, m\u016f\u017ee ob\u011b\u0165 podat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o trestn\u00fd \u010din, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed na \u017ealobu, pokud ob\u011b\u0165 pod\u00e1 trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to zhor\u0161it situaci podez\u0159el\u00e9ho a m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edmu trestu. Pokud si v\u0161imnete, \u017ee byl proveden neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, m\u011bli byste se poradit s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem a podat na policii ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o \u0161kod\u011b nebo trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed. Jakmile policie p\u0159ijme ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o \u0161kod\u011b, za\u010dne okam\u017eit\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee podez\u0159el\u00e9ho zatknout nebo ho p\u0159edat st\u00e1tn\u00edmu z\u00e1stupci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pozadovat_obcanskopravni_nahradu_skody\"><\/span>Po\u017eadovat ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat od pachatele ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u010dl\u00e1nku 709 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku (japonsk\u00e9ho ~).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk (japonsk\u00fd ~) \u010dl\u00e1nek 709<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Osoba, kter\u00e1 \u00famysln\u011b nebo z nedbalosti poru\u0161ila pr\u00e1va jin\u00e9 osoby nebo z\u00e1jmy chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00e1konem, je povinna nahradit \u0161kodu zp\u016fsobenou t\u00edmto poru\u0161en\u00edm.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud pachatel provedl neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il tak z\u00edskan\u00e9 osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje, pokud ukradl polo\u017eky ze soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hry, pokud z\u00edskal p\u0159\u00edstup k \u00fadaj\u016fm o kreditn\u00ed kart\u011b nebo bankovn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu a zp\u016fsobil tak finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0161kodu, m\u011bli byste po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody, v\u010detn\u011b od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za bolest a utrpen\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, pokud byl z\u00edsk\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edstup k \u00fadaj\u016fm o kreditn\u00ed kart\u011b nebo bankovn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu a skute\u010dn\u011b vznikla finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0161koda, je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu t\u00e9to \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody od pachatele, je nutn\u00e9 identifikovat pachatele a shrom\u00e1\u017edit d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b provedl neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. To vy\u017eaduje vysokou \u00farove\u0148 odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed. Pokud jste se stali ob\u011bt\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, je nutn\u00e9 se poradit s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem s bohat\u00fdmi zku\u0161enostmi s probl\u00e9my na internetu a po\u017e\u00e1dat ho o proveden\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch krok\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu nab\u00fdv\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdznamu v modern\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 se st\u00e1le v\u00edce digitalizuje. Av\u0161ak i kdy\u017e se stane ob\u011bt\u00ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, je pro ob\u011b\u0165 \u010dasto technicky obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat pachatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Poru\u0161en\u00ed Z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu je trestn\u00e9 a ob\u011bti mohou podat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed na policii. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, jeliko\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o nov\u00fd typ trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, policie nemus\u00ed v\u017edy okam\u017eit\u011b pochopit podstatu p\u0159\u00edpadu. Proto je p\u0159i pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00edho ozn\u00e1men\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlit situaci z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho i technick\u00e9ho hlediska, aby se pomohlo policii l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt. V tomto smyslu je pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f poru\u0161en\u00ed Z\u00e1kona o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 konzultovat se s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd je dob\u0159e obezn\u00e1men s technick\u00fdmi aspekty IT.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu (ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zev &#8220;Z\u00e1kon o z\u00e1kazu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu a podobn\u00fdch \u010dinnostech&#8221;) byl zaveden v \u00fanoru 2000 (rok 2000 podle gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e) a  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63529,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[35,19],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61524"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61524"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63530,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61524\/revisions\/63530"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}