{"id":61586,"date":"2023-12-08T20:25:38","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T11:25:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=61586"},"modified":"2026-01-03T13:44:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-03T04:44:15","slug":"hyperlinks-and-defamation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation","title":{"rendered":"Reprodukce a odkazy na 2chan a po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Nejen na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch nebo blogu, ale i na diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3rech je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159eb\u00edrat p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed nebo vkl\u00e1dat odkazy. D\u016fvody pro to mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad pot\u0159eba zjednodu\u0161it vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek nebo touha sd\u00edlet \u010dl\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1m l\u00edb\u00ed, s ostatn\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee takov\u00e9 lehkov\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f nebo vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed odkaz\u016f m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k obvin\u011bn\u00ed z po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2chan je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed anonymn\u00ed diskusn\u00ed f\u00f3rum v Japonsku, ale s rostouc\u00ed velikost\u00ed se za\u010dalo \u00fa\u010dastnit r\u016fzn\u00fdch lid\u00ed a vzniklo mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f a vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed odkaz\u016f se staly probl\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd byl \u0159e\u0161en u soudu v kontextu 2chan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation\/#Je_prepisovani_textu_porusenim_cti\" title=\"Je p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed textu poru\u0161en\u00edm cti?\">Je p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed textu poru\u0161en\u00edm cti?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation\/#Prepisovani_muze_vest_k_poskozeni_cti\" title=\"P\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti\">P\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation\/#Co_je_to_odkaz\" title=\"Co je to odkaz\">Co je to odkaz<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation\/#Umisteni_odkazu_a_poskozeni_dobre_povesti\" title=\"Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu a po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti\">Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu a po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation\/#Muze_byt_vkladani_odkazu_povazovano_za_pomluvu\" title=\"M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed odkaz\u016f pova\u017eov\u00e1no za pomluvu?\">M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed odkaz\u016f pova\u017eov\u00e1no za pomluvu?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation\/#Pripady_kdy_umisteni_odkazu_muze_vest_k_poskozeni_dobre_povesti\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti\">P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/internet\/hyperlinks-and-defamation\/#Doporuceni_tykajici_se_overovani_zakona_o_omezeni_odpovednosti_poskytovatelu\" title=\"Doporu\u010den\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f\">Doporu\u010den\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Je_prepisovani_textu_porusenim_cti\"><\/span>Je p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed textu poru\u0161en\u00edm cti?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed se stal p\u0159edm\u011btem soudn\u00edho sporu, kdy bylo diskutov\u00e1no, zda anonymn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159eps\u00e1ny na 2chan z internetov\u00fdch diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3r nebo knih obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky, mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za poru\u0161en\u00ed cti, i kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o p\u0159epis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Japonsk\u00fd mu\u017e \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed podal \u017ealobu a po\u017eadoval odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed od poskytovatele slu\u017eeb, kter\u00fdm byly p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky p\u0159ed\u00e1ny, aby mohl identifikovat autora p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f. Toto bylo zp\u016fsobeno t\u00edm, \u017ee byly na 2chan p\u0159eps\u00e1ny knihy a \u010dl\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 ho vykreslovaly jako n\u011bkoho, kdo se pod\u00edl\u00ed na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159evodech pen\u011bz a pran\u00ed \u0161pinav\u00fdch pen\u011bz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed instance v Tokijsk\u00e9m okresn\u00edm soudu uvedla v souvislosti s anonymn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 p\u0159episovaly ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9 v\u00fdroky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Jedn\u00e1 se pouze o p\u0159epis obsahu \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch na internetov\u00fdch diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3rech nebo v publikovan\u00fdch knih\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny. Nelze tvrdit, \u017ee by tyto p\u0159episy sni\u017eovaly soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky nebo publikovan\u00e9 knihy. Proto nelze p\u0159ijmout, \u017ee by byla jasn\u011b poru\u0161ena pr\u00e1va na ochranu cti \u017ealobce.&#8221; <br> (Rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 22. dubna 2013 (2013)) <\/p>\n<cite>Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, rozsudek ze dne 22. dubna 2013<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A tak byla \u017ealoba zam\u00edtnuta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, soud rozhodl, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky byly pouze p\u0159episy knih nebo p\u016fvodn\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f a \u017ee nezp\u016fsobily dal\u0161\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed knihy nebo \u010dl\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toto rozhodnut\u00ed je naprosto nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud bychom toto rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159ijali, pak by, jakmile by byl na internetu zve\u0159ejn\u011bn p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek sni\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed, osoba, kter\u00e1 tento p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek p\u0159episuje a roz\u0161i\u0159uje \u0161kodu, nebyla v\u016fbec zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nav\u00edc, ti, kte\u0159\u00ed na internetu opakovan\u011b ur\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed, opakovan\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed stejn\u00fdm obsahem na mnoho vl\u00e1ken a diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3r s c\u00edlem vyvolat kontroverzi. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 pak p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed obsah informac\u00ed jako pravdiv\u00fd, proto\u017ee vid\u00ed, \u017ee je opakovan\u011b p\u0159episov\u00e1n, a informace se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A vyhled\u00e1vac\u00ed str\u00e1nky jako Google za\u010dnou zobrazovat str\u00e1nky ur\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed danou osobu na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch pozic\u00edch, kdy\u017e hledaj\u00ed informace o t\u00e9to osob\u011b, a \u010dl\u00e1nky ur\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed tuto osobu se tak dostanou do \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho pov\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu byl zru\u0161en v odvolac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prepisovani_muze_vest_k_poskozeni_cti\"><\/span>P\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud uznal, \u017ee p\u0159episovan\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed skute\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 mohou sn\u00ed\u017eit soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed, a p\u0159iznal, \u017ee tyto \u010dl\u00e1nky byly p\u016fvodn\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bny na jin\u00e9m diskusn\u00edm f\u00f3ru nebo byly publikov\u00e1ny v knize,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p> &#8220;Nelze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee mnoho lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed tyto \u010dl\u00e1nky vid\u011bli na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce 2channel, p\u0159e\u010detli \u010dl\u00e1nky z p\u016fvodn\u00edho zdroje XX nebo \u010dl\u00e1nky \u25a1\u25a1 p\u0159ed nebo po tom. \u010cin publikov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto informac\u00ed na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce 2channel je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed informac\u00ed do \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed odvolatele. &#8220;<\/p>\n<cite> Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud, 6. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2013 (Gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159) <br><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Na\u0159\u00eddil poskytovateli p\u0159\u00edstupu k informac\u00edm o odes\u00edlateli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee i pouh\u00e9 p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti. &#8220;\u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed informac\u00ed do \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed odvolatele&#8221;. Bu\u010fte opatrn\u00ed a nekop\u00edrujte a nep\u0159episujte \u010dl\u00e1nky ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9 povahy na diskusn\u00ed f\u00f3ra nebo soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b bezmy\u0161lenkovit\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_odkaz\"><\/span>Co je to odkaz<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Odkaz, v angli\u010dtin\u011b &#8220;link&#8221;, m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamy jako &#8220;\u0159et\u011bz&#8221;, &#8220;spojen\u00ed&#8221; nebo &#8220;asociace&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na webu je to mechanismus, kter\u00fd spojuje str\u00e1nky mezi sebou. P\u016fvodn\u011b se tomu \u0159\u00edkalo &#8220;hyperlink&#8221;, ale v sou\u010dasnosti se v\u011bt\u0161inou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zkr\u00e1cen\u00fd term\u00edn odkaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm odkazu m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159istupovat na jin\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, ale odkaz je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za doporu\u010den\u00ed hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed &#8220;m\u011bli byste se pod\u00edvat na tuto str\u00e1nku&#8221; z p\u016fvodn\u00ed str\u00e1nky na str\u00e1nku odkazu. Proto se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee vyhled\u00e1va\u010de pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed po\u010det a kvalitu odkaz\u016f k hodnocen\u00ed str\u00e1nky odkazu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je tedy um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu na str\u00e1nku, kter\u00e1 pomlouv\u00e1 a po\u0161kozuje ciz\u00ed \u010dest, pova\u017eov\u00e1no za po\u0161kozen\u00ed cti?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Umisteni_odkazu_a_poskozeni_dobre_povesti\"><\/span>Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu a po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"735\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/01\/hyperlinks-and-defamation-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-69159\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/01\/hyperlinks-and-defamation-2.jpg 735w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/01\/hyperlinks-and-defamation-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/34\/2026\/01\/hyperlinks-and-defamation-2-250x167.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Co je po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm japonsk\u00e9m anonymn\u00edm diskusn\u00edm f\u00f3ru 2chan, jsou \u010dasto vzn\u00e1\u0161eny n\u00e1mitky, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky po\u0161kozuj\u00ed dobrou pov\u011bst. Mnoho spor\u016f o tom, zda um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu na str\u00e1nku po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00ed dobrou pov\u011bst je samo o sob\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00edm dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti, se tak\u00e9 odehr\u00e1lo na tomto f\u00f3ru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako p\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159\u00edpadu, kdy bylo um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu pova\u017eov\u00e1no za trestn\u00fd \u010din jin\u00fd ne\u017e po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti, lze uv\u00e9st rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu ze dne 9. \u010dervence 2012 (gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159), kdy bylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu na str\u00e1nku s d\u011btskou pornografi\u00ed je ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm vystaven\u00edm d\u011btsk\u00e9 pornografie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee i uk\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edsta, kde je d\u011btsk\u00e1 pornografie ve\u0159ejn\u011b vystavena t\u0159et\u00ed stranou, je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za &#8220;ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 vystaven\u00ed&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti, jak je to? Je uk\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edsta, kde je p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00ed dobrou pov\u011bst ve\u0159ejn\u011b vystaven t\u0159et\u00ed stranou, tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1no za po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto ohledu bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee &#8220;um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu na c\u00edlovou osobu informuje obecn\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e o existenci \u010dl\u00e1nku a podn\u011bcuje jeho \u010dten\u00ed, co\u017e sni\u017euje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed c\u00edlov\u00e9 osoby&#8221;, ale &#8220;nelze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pouh\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu okam\u017eit\u011b sni\u017euje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobc\u016f&#8221; (rozhodnut\u00ed Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 30. \u010dervna 2010 (gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toto rozhodnut\u00ed je zalo\u017eeno na pochopen\u00ed, \u017ee volba, zda nav\u0161t\u00edvit c\u00edlovou str\u00e1nku odkazu, se li\u0161\u00ed u jednotliv\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muze_byt_vkladani_odkazu_povazovano_za_pomluvu\"><\/span>M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed odkaz\u016f pova\u017eov\u00e1no za pomluvu?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V lednu 2011 byl na f\u00f3ru 2chan vytvo\u0159en vl\u00e1kno s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;P University&#8221; a byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn \u010dl\u00e1nek 1. Dne 24. bylo vytvo\u0159eno vl\u00e1kno s n\u00e1zvem &#8220;Sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed od A (mnicha pracuj\u00edc\u00edho v R chr\u00e1mu)&#8221; a byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn \u010dl\u00e1nek 2. V obou \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch byly nastaveny odkazy na &#8220;A (mnich z Jodo Shu, Chiba District)&#8221; na stejn\u00e9m f\u00f3ru 2chan. Kliknut\u00edm na odkazy v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch 1 a 2 se zobraz\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek 3, ve kter\u00e9m bylo naps\u00e1no, \u017ee \u017ealobce sexu\u00e1ln\u011b obt\u011b\u017eoval studentky klubu b\u011bhem sv\u00fdch studi\u00ed na univerzit\u011b P.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017dalobce po\u017e\u00e1dal o odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku, aby mohl po\u017eadovat n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody atd. Kdy\u017e poskytovatel internetu odm\u00edtl, \u017ealobce podal \u017ealobu. Av\u0161ak soud prvn\u00ed instance, Tokijsk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud, zam\u00edtl \u017ealobu \u017ealobce. Soud prvn\u00ed instance uvedl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u017dalobce tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f sni\u017euje jeho soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee usnad\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup k dokument\u016fm, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euj\u00ed jeho soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m z t\u011bchto \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f je nastaven hypertextov\u00fd odkaz na \u010dl\u00e1nek 3, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za \u010dl\u00e1nek sni\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce, tak\u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee tvrdit, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f usnad\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup k dokument\u016fm sni\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce. <br> Av\u0161ak, i kdy\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f usnad\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup k \u010dl\u00e1nku 3, nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tvrzeno, \u017ee samotn\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky sni\u017euj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce. <\/p>\n<cite>Rozsudek Tokijsk\u00e9ho okresn\u00edho soudu ze dne 19. prosince 2011<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A tak soud odm\u00edtl po\u017eadavek na odhalen\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, soud uznal, \u017ee &#8220;usnadn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu&#8221; k \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016fm obsahuj\u00edc\u00edm pomlouva\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy je p\u0159ijateln\u00e9, ale nem\u016f\u017ee se tvrdit, \u017ee obsah \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f 1 a 2 je stejn\u00fd jako obsah \u010dl\u00e1nku 3, a \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek samostatn\u011b nesni\u017euje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed \u017ealobce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_kdy_umisteni_odkazu_muze_vest_k_poskozeni_dobre_povesti\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Naopak, odvolac\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159edstavilo odli\u0161n\u00fd n\u00e1zor ne\u017e rozhodnut\u00ed v prvn\u00edm stupni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tokijsk\u00fd vrchn\u00ed soud uvedl, \u017ee \u010dl\u00e1nky 1 a 2, a tak\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nek 3, samy o sob\u011b nezneva\u017euj\u00ed \u010dest, ale pokud se \u010dtou v\u0161echny t\u0159i \u010dl\u00e1nky dohromady, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed dojem, \u017ee \u017ealobce se b\u011bhem sv\u00fdch studi\u00ed na univerzit\u011b P dopustil sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Pro posouzen\u00ed, zda jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed hranice spole\u010densky p\u0159ijateln\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti nebo ur\u00e1\u017eky, je t\u0159eba zohlednit nejen obsah jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 okolnosti jejich vytvo\u0159en\u00ed. V jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch jsou nastaveny hyperlinky, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho a podrobn\u00e9ho obsahu \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, na kter\u00e9 odkazuj\u00ed. Je snadno p\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9, \u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i t\u011bchto \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f by mohli kliknout na hyperlink a do\u010d\u00edst se a\u017e k \u010dl\u00e1nku 3. A proto\u017ee autor t\u011bchto \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b nastavil hyperlinky tak, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ej\u00edt na \u010dl\u00e1nek 3, lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee \u010dl\u00e1nek 3 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f.<\/p>\n<cite> Rozhodnut\u00ed Tokijsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu ze dne 18. dubna 2012 (2012) <br><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Uvedl, \u017ee neexistuj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy pro potvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee odvolatel se dopustil sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, jak je pops\u00e1no v \u010dl\u00e1nku 3, a \u017ee neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fvod pro odm\u00edtnut\u00ed nez\u00e1konnosti, a uznal po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti. D\u00e1le,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Je pravda, jak tvrd\u00ed \u017ealovan\u00fd, \u017ee zda n\u011bkdo nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed str\u00e1nku s odkazem z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jednotlivci. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, je snadno p\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9, \u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, ve kter\u00fdch jsou nastaveny hyperlinky, by mohli nav\u0161t\u00edvit str\u00e1nky s odkazy, a to, \u017ee volba nav\u0161t\u00edvit str\u00e1nku s odkazem se li\u0161\u00ed mezi jednotlivci, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee nen\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nky s odkazy dohromady.<\/p>\n<cite>Tamt\u00e9\u017e <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Uznal &#8220;po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm odkazu&#8221; v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch 1 a 2 a na\u0159\u00eddil zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed o odes\u00edlateli pro ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toto rozhodnut\u00ed poprv\u00e9 uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 zohlednit a posoudit obsah \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f v diskuzn\u00edm vl\u00e1knu s odkazem a obsah \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch s odkazem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bylo tak\u00e9 uk\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odkazu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti, ale toto rozhodnut\u00ed je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za racion\u00e1ln\u00ed a p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 vzhledem k zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm pr\u00e1vo se vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1 s modern\u00ed formou po\u0161kozen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 pov\u011bsti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed odkaz\u016f, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k r\u016fzn\u00fdm informac\u00edm, co\u017e je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f internetu, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doporuceni_tykajici_se_overovani_zakona_o_omezeni_odpovednosti_poskytovatelu\"><\/span>Doporu\u010den\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V \u010dervnu 2011 (rok 23 Heisei) v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 skupina Ministerstva vnitra a komunikac\u00ed &#8220;Probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ICT slu\u017eeb z pohledu u\u017eivatel\u016f&#8221; shrnula &#8220;Doporu\u010den\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f&#8221; (japonsk\u00fd Z\u00e1kon o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto kontextu ji\u017e existuje n\u00e1zor, \u017ee &#8220;i kdy\u017e samotn\u00e1 distribuce informac\u00ed nen\u00ed nez\u00e1konn\u00e1, m\u011bla by b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1na za p\u0159edm\u011bt z\u00e1kona o omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti poskytovatel\u016f, pokud distribuce informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed vztah k dan\u00fdm informac\u00edm, poru\u0161uje pr\u00e1va jin\u00fdch osob&#8221;. A tak\u00e9 &#8220;i kdy\u017e samotn\u00e9 informace odkazu nejsou nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt probl\u00e9mem, zda by m\u011bly b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za p\u0159edm\u011bt opat\u0159en\u00ed k zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159enosu, pokud informace na c\u00edlov\u00e9m odkazu po\u0161kozuj\u00ed pr\u00e1va jin\u00fdch osob&#8221;. V doporu\u010den\u00ed je uvedeno:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Pokud je distribuce informac\u00ed odkazu a distribuce informac\u00ed na c\u00edlov\u00e9m odkazu, kter\u00e1 poru\u0161uje pr\u00e1va jin\u00fdch osob, pova\u017eov\u00e1na za jednotn\u00fd celek s vztahem, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt distribuce informac\u00ed odkazu pova\u017eov\u00e1na za (\u0161iroce pojat\u00e9) spole\u010dn\u00e9 protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s poru\u0161en\u00edm pr\u00e1v na c\u00edlov\u00e9m odkazu a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1na za p\u0159edm\u011bt opat\u0159en\u00ed k zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159enosu. Na druhou stranu, pokud takov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee nebude pova\u017eov\u00e1no za p\u0159edm\u011bt opat\u0159en\u00ed k zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159enosu.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee &#8220;p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jednotn\u00fd celek s vztahem&#8221; v tomto kontextu je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 toto\u017en\u00fd s &#8220;za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00edm do \u010dl\u00e1nku&#8221; v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm rozhodnut\u00ed tokijsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho soudu, ale zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed, zda to plat\u00ed, nen\u00ed v\u016fbec snadn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bude t\u0159eba sledovat, jak\u00e9 precedenty se budou v budoucnu hromadit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/deletionrequest-for-2chand5ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/deletionrequest-for-2chand5ch[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nejen na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch nebo blogu, ale i na diskusn\u00edch f\u00f3rech je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159eb\u00edrat p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed nebo vkl\u00e1dat odkazy. D\u016fvody pro to mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad pot\u0159eba zjednodu\u0161it vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":69158,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61586"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61586"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69160,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61586\/revisions\/69160"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69158"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}