{"id":62882,"date":"2024-03-22T19:15:34","date_gmt":"2024-03-22T10:15:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=62882"},"modified":"2024-03-30T20:47:35","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T11:47:35","slug":"cryptoassets-mining","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining","title":{"rendered":"Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed mechanismu t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn srozumiteln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem: Jak\u00e9 jsou dopady a co si d\u00e1t pozor na v souvislosti s novelizac\u00ed Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o depozit\u00e1\u0159\u00edch?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Jist\u011b jste ji\u017e sly\u0161eli o term\u00ednu &#8220;t\u011b\u017eba&#8221; v souvislosti s kryptom\u011bnami (virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmi m\u011bnami). T\u011b\u017eba (mining) je slovo, kter\u00e9 obecn\u011b znamen\u00e1 \u010dinnost spojenou s vykop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm miner\u00e1l\u016f, jako je ropa nebo zlato. Osoby, kter\u00e9 se v\u011bnuj\u00ed t\u011b\u017eb\u011b kryptom\u011bn, se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i. Mezi t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i jsou i ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se t\u011b\u017ebou zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed profesion\u00e1ln\u011b jako podnikatelsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti t\u011b\u017eby, n\u011bkter\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed sch\u00e9maty mohou b\u00fdt ovlivn\u011bny novelizovan\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o \u00faschov\u011b (japonsk\u00fdm ~, platn\u00fdm od \u010dervna roku 2022 (Reiwa 4)). V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku proto poskytneme p\u0159ehled o t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak novelizovan\u00fd z\u00e1kon o \u00faschov\u011b ovliv\u0148uje podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u00e9to oblasti, a to zejm\u00e9na pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed se t\u011b\u017ebou zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed jako podnikatel\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Tezba_kryptomen_virtualnich_men\" title=\"T\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn (virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn)\">T\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn (virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Prehled_podnikani_v_oblasti_tezby_kryptomen\" title=\"P\u0159ehled podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn\">P\u0159ehled podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Vztah_mezi_podnikanim_v_tezbe_a_kolektivnimi_investicnimi_schematy\" title=\"Vztah mezi podnik\u00e1n\u00edm v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a kolektivn\u00edmi investi\u010dn\u00edmi sch\u00e9maty\">Vztah mezi podnik\u00e1n\u00edm v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a kolektivn\u00edmi investi\u010dn\u00edmi sch\u00e9maty<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Reforma_zakona_o_uschove_znamenala_konec_schemat_pro_obchazeni_zakona_v_tezbe\" title=\"Reforma z\u00e1kona o \u00faschov\u011b znamenala konec sch\u00e9mat pro obch\u00e1zen\u00ed z\u00e1kona v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b\">Reforma z\u00e1kona o \u00faschov\u011b znamenala konec sch\u00e9mat pro obch\u00e1zen\u00ed z\u00e1kona v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Tri_schemata_tezby_kryptomen\" title=\"T\u0159i sch\u00e9mata t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn\">T\u0159i sch\u00e9mata t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Tezebni_pooly\" title=\"T\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed pooly\">T\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed pooly<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Cloudova_tezba\" title=\"Cloudov\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba\">Cloudov\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Najemni_schema\" title=\"N\u00e1jemn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma\">N\u00e1jemn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Zaver_V_pripade_podnikani_v_oblasti_tezby_kryptomen_se_poradte_s_pravnikem\" title=\"Z\u00e1v\u011br: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn se pora\u010fte s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem\">Z\u00e1v\u011br: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn se pora\u010fte s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/cryptoassets-mining\/#Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\" title=\"P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e\">P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tezba_kryptomen_virtualnich_men\"><\/span>T\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn (virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kryptom\u011bny nejsou pod kontrolou centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank, a proto je nutn\u00e9 zajistit p\u0159esnost transakc\u00ed. Proces v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pro tento \u00fa\u010del se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba, a ti, kdo v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b usp\u011bj\u00ed, jsou odm\u011bn\u011bni. V t\u011b\u017eb\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 metoda PoW. PoW, neboli proof of work (d\u016fkaz pr\u00e1ce), je mechanismus, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje osob\u011b, je\u017e \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b provede obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f, st\u00e1t se potvrzovatelem transakc\u00ed a z\u00edskat pr\u00e1vo p\u0159ipojit nov\u00fd blok do blockchainu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Princip t\u011b\u017eby spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed prvk\u016f: n\u011bkolika transak\u010dn\u00edch dat, hash hodnoty p\u0159edchoz\u00edho bloku a nonce. Nonce je \u010d\u00edseln\u00e1 hodnota generovan\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ea\u0159em p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bloku. P\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b se opakovan\u011b vkl\u00e1daj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 hodnoty nonce do v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f pomoc\u00ed v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, dokud nen\u00ed nalezena ta spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 nonce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proto\u017ee nalezen\u00ed t\u00e9to konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed nonce vy\u017eaduje opakovan\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Tato rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce slou\u017e\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz odveden\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, a proto se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 PoW.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, d\u00edky PoW je nalezena specifick\u00e1 nonce, blok v blockchainu je potvrzen a t\u011b\u017eba je dokon\u010dena. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby je kryptom\u011bna uzn\u00e1na jako aktivum vhodn\u00e9 pro transakce a dal\u0161\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_podnikani_v_oblasti_tezby_kryptomen\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Shutterstock_1947324181.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159ehled podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b\" class=\"wp-image-52666\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby je, jak bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno v\u00fd\u0161e, nutn\u00e9 vykon\u00e1vat rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 operace s pou\u017eit\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. T\u011b\u017eba je takovou \u010dinnost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje dob\u0159e vybaven\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, a proto je pro jednotlivce pom\u011brn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 se j\u00ed v\u011bnovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se t\u011b\u017eba \u010dasto neuskute\u010d\u0148uje jednotlivci, ale prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed ji podniky specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na t\u011b\u017ebu jako sv\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vztah_mezi_podnikanim_v_tezbe_a_kolektivnimi_investicnimi_schematy\"><\/span>Vztah mezi podnik\u00e1n\u00edm v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a kolektivn\u00edmi investi\u010dn\u00edmi sch\u00e9maty<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee t\u011b\u017eba je pro jednotlivce obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1, existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy u\u017eivatel\u00e9 investuj\u00ed do podnik\u016f prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch t\u011b\u017ebu. Tyto podniky pot\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed t\u011b\u017ebu a distribuuj\u00ed odm\u011bny za t\u011b\u017ebu investor\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 sch\u00e9maty, ale v\u011bt\u0161inou se pova\u017euje za kolektivn\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 je definov\u00e1no v z\u00e1kon\u011b o finan\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a burz\u00e1ch (Japanese Financial Instruments and Exchange Act). Kolektivn\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma je mechanismus, kter\u00fd shroma\u017e\u010fuje pen\u00edze nebo cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry od v\u00edce investor\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 je k investic\u00edm nebo podnik\u00e1n\u00ed a distribuuje v\u00fdnosy z\u00edskan\u00e9 z t\u011bchto aktivit investor\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kolektivn\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma je definov\u00e1no v <a href=\"https:\/\/elaws.e-gov.go.jp\/document?lawid=323AC0000000025_20220901_501AC0000000071&amp;keyword=%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%95%86%E5%93%81%E5%8F%96%E5%BC%95%E6%B3%95#Mp-At_2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">z\u00e1konu o finan\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a burz\u00e1ch, \u010dl\u00e1nek 2, odstavec 2, bod 5[ja]<\/a> a je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za takov\u00e9, pokud spl\u0148uje n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed krit\u00e9ria:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Osoby s pr\u00e1vy p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed nebo poskytuj\u00ed pen\u00edze atd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pen\u00edze atd. jsou pou\u017eity k provozov\u00e1n\u00ed podniku (c\u00edlov\u00e9ho podniku investice)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dr\u017eitel\u00e9 pr\u00e1v maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na pod\u00edl na zisku z c\u00edlov\u00e9ho podniku investice nebo na distribuci majetku souvisej\u00edc\u00edho s t\u00edmto podnikem<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Typick\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 investice od investor\u016f a distribuuje z\u00edskan\u00e9 kryptom\u011bny, se obvykle pova\u017euje za kolektivn\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma definovan\u00e9 z\u00e1konem o finan\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a burz\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vztah mezi kryptom\u011bnami a z\u00e1konem o finan\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a burz\u00e1ch je podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btlen v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/cryptoassets-regulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jak\u00e1 je regulace kryptom\u011bn? Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed vztahu mezi z\u00e1konem o platebn\u00edm styku a z\u00e1konem o finan\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a burz\u00e1ch[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reforma_zakona_o_uschove_znamenala_konec_schemat_pro_obchazeni_zakona_v_tezbe\"><\/span>Reforma z\u00e1kona o \u00faschov\u011b znamenala konec sch\u00e9mat pro obch\u00e1zen\u00ed z\u00e1kona v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno v\u00fd\u0161e, podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b se obvykle pova\u017euje za kolektivn\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma podle z\u00e1kona o finan\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a burz\u00e1ch a podl\u00e9h\u00e1 jeho regulaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159ed reformou z\u00e1kona o \u00faschov\u011b existovaly sch\u00e9maty pro obch\u00e1zen\u00ed z\u00e1kona v t\u011b\u017eb\u011b, kter\u00e1 se vyh\u00fdbala typick\u00fdm sch\u00e9mat\u016fm, aby se nepova\u017eovala za kolektivn\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jednalo o sch\u00e9ma zvan\u00e9 prodejn\u00ed \u00faschova.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V r\u00e1mci prodejn\u00ed \u00faschovy nejprve t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed podnik prod\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed stroje na kryptom\u011bny investor\u016fm. Investo\u0159i pot\u00e9 plat\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edmu podniku za tyto stroje. N\u00e1sledn\u011b investo\u0159i ulo\u017e\u00ed zakoupen\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed stroje zp\u011bt t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edmu podniku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se pen\u00edze zaplacen\u00e9 investory nest\u00e1vaj\u00ed investic\u00ed, ale pouze platbou za t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed stroje, a tedy form\u00e1ln\u011b nejde o p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek nebo poskytnut\u00ed pen\u011bz atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159edchoz\u00ed z\u00e1kon o \u00faschov\u011b omezoval rozsah regulace na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed a t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed stroje na kryptom\u011bny nebyly zahrnuty do tohoto rozsahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak reformou z\u00e1kona o \u00faschov\u011b (vstoupila v platnost v \u010dervnu roku Reiwa 4 (2022)) se rozsah regulace roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il na v\u0161echny druhy zbo\u017e\u00ed, a t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed stroje na kryptom\u011bny se tak staly p\u0159edm\u011btem regulace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V d\u016fsledku toho se i sch\u00e9ma prodejn\u00ed \u00faschovy stalo p\u0159edm\u011btem regulace podle z\u00e1kona o finan\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a burz\u00e1ch v souvislosti s reformovan\u00fdm z\u00e1konem o \u00faschov\u011b (vstoupila v platnost v \u010dervnu roku Reiwa 4 (2022)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tri_schemata_tezby_kryptomen\"><\/span>T\u0159i sch\u00e9mata t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Shutterstock_2040542648.jpg\" alt=\"T\u0159i sch\u00e9mata t\u011b\u017eby\" class=\"wp-image-52668\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de t\u011b\u017eby, m\u016f\u017eeme ji obecn\u011b rozd\u011blit do n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u0159\u00ed sch\u00e9mat:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>T\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed pooly<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cloudov\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00e1jemn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee podrobn\u011bji vysv\u011btl\u00edme ka\u017ed\u00e9 ze t\u0159\u00ed sch\u00e9mat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tezebni_pooly\"><\/span>T\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed pooly<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed pool je syst\u00e9m, kde u\u017eivatel\u00e9 spojuj\u00ed (pooluj\u00ed) sv\u016fj v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed v\u00fdkon a t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnost jako spr\u00e1vce serveru zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 a spravuje pr\u00e1ci. Investo\u0159i tedy mus\u00ed m\u00edt vlastn\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druhou stranu, t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnost nemus\u00ed m\u00edt vlastn\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edho poolu t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnost spravuje servery a za zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a spr\u00e1vu pr\u00e1ce dost\u00e1v\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed odm\u011bnu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cloudova_tezba\"><\/span>Cloudov\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>U cloudov\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eby investuj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 do t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 poskytuje t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnost. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b cloudov\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eby t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnost nejen spravuje servery a dost\u00e1v\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed odm\u011bnu za zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a spr\u00e1vu pr\u00e1ce, ale tak\u00e9 dost\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u00edze za \u00fadr\u017ebu t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Najemni_schema\"><\/span>N\u00e1jemn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1jemn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma lze v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm smyslu za\u0159adit mezi t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed pooly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak charakteristick\u00fdm rysem n\u00e1jemn\u00edho sch\u00e9matu je, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 neposkytuj\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti pen\u00edze, ale p\u016fj\u010duj\u00ed j\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zaver_V_pripade_podnikani_v_oblasti_tezby_kryptomen_se_poradte_s_pravnikem\"><\/span>Z\u00e1v\u011br: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti t\u011b\u017eby kryptom\u011bn se pora\u010fte s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku jsme se zam\u011b\u0159ili na podnikatele provozuj\u00edc\u00ed t\u011b\u017ebu kryptom\u011bn a vysv\u011btlili jsme z\u00e1klady t\u011b\u017eby a dopad novely Japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o depozitn\u00edch certifik\u00e1tech a clearingov\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch na t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee t\u011b\u017eba kryptom\u011bn je relativn\u011b nov\u00fdm odv\u011btv\u00edm, je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v budoucnu dojde k dal\u0161\u00edmu zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch regulac\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podnikatel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e provozuj\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, by m\u011bli b\u00fdt ostra\u017eit\u00ed v\u016f\u010di nov\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm p\u0159edpis\u016fm, aby se vyhnuli poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona. Doporu\u010dujeme konzultace s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 odborn\u00e9 znalosti v t\u00e9to oblasti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\"><\/span>P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolith se specializuje na IT, zejm\u00e9na na internet a pr\u00e1vo, a nab\u00edz\u00ed vysokou \u00farove\u0148 odbornosti v obou oblastech. Na\u0161e kancel\u00e1\u0159 poskytuje komplexn\u00ed podporu pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s kryptom\u011bnami a blockchainem. Podrobnosti naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/blockchain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/blockchain[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jist\u011b jste ji\u017e sly\u0161eli o term\u00ednu &#8220;t\u011b\u017eba&#8221; v souvislosti s kryptom\u011bnami (virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmi m\u011bnami). T\u011b\u017eba (mining) je slovo, kter\u00e9 obecn\u011b znamen\u00e1 \u010dinnost spojenou s vykop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm miner\u00e1l\u016f, jako je r [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":64159,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[20,19],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62882"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62882"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62882\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64160,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62882\/revisions\/64160"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62882"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62882"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62882"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}