{"id":66002,"date":"2025-07-29T19:55:08","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T10:55:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=66002"},"modified":"2025-08-21T17:07:15","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T08:07:15","slug":"oss-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law","title":{"rendered":"Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed osmi pr\u00e1vn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji softwaru s vyu\u017eit\u00edm open-source softwaru (OSS)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Open source software (OSS) je v modern\u00edm softwarov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji nepostradateln\u00fdm prvkem. P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody, jako je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na v\u00fdvoj a zrychlen\u00ed v\u00fdvoje, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b s sebou nese r\u016fzn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed rizika p\u0159i jeho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku proto p\u0159edstav\u00edme osm z\u00e1kon\u016f, kter\u00e9 souvis\u00ed s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm OSS ve v\u00fdvoji softwaru, a vysv\u011btl\u00edme jejich z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy a p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy mohou b\u00fdt vztahy s OSS problematick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Autorske_pravo_Pozadavky_na_zastaveni_a_nahradu_skody_v_dusledku_poruseni_OSS_licence_podle_japonskeho_prava\" title=\"Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo: Po\u017eadavky na zastaven\u00ed a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v d\u016fsledku poru\u0161en\u00ed OSS licence podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo: Po\u017eadavky na zastaven\u00ed a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v d\u016fsledku poru\u0161en\u00ed OSS licence podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Prehled_autorskeho_prava\" title=\"P\u0159ehled autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">P\u0159ehled autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_problemu_v_souvislosti_s_OSS\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f v souvislosti s OSS\">P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f v souvislosti s OSS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Patentove_pravo_Pripady_poruseni_cizich_patentu_softwarem_vyvinutym_s_vyuzitim_OSS_v_Japonsku\" title=\"Patentov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo: P\u0159\u00edpady poru\u0161en\u00ed ciz\u00edch patent\u016f softwarem vyvinut\u00fdm s vyu\u017eit\u00edm OSS v Japonsku\">Patentov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo: P\u0159\u00edpady poru\u0161en\u00ed ciz\u00edch patent\u016f softwarem vyvinut\u00fdm s vyu\u017eit\u00edm OSS v Japonsku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Zakladni_prehled_japonskeho_patentoveho_prava\" title=\"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159ehled japonsk\u00e9ho patentov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159ehled japonsk\u00e9ho patentov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_problemu_s_OSS_v_souvislosti_s_patentovym_pravem\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f s OSS v souvislosti s patentov\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem\">P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f s OSS v souvislosti s patentov\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pozor_na_pokyny_k_ochrannym_znamkam_OSS_podle_japonskeho_zakona_o_ochrannych_znamkach\" title=\"Pozor na pokyny k ochrann\u00fdm zn\u00e1mk\u00e1m OSS podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch\">Pozor na pokyny k ochrann\u00fdm zn\u00e1mk\u00e1m OSS podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Prehled_japonskeho_zakona_o_ochrannych_znamkach\" title=\"P\u0159ehled japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch\">P\u0159ehled japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_problemu_ve_vztahu_k_OSS\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS\">P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Obcansky_zakonik_Zakladni_zakon_pro_transakce_mezi_soukromymi_osobami_v_Japonsku\" title=\"Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kon pro transakce mezi soukrom\u00fdmi osobami v Japonsku\">Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kon pro transakce mezi soukrom\u00fdmi osobami v Japonsku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Prehled_obcanskeho_zakoniku\" title=\"P\u0159ehled ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku\">P\u0159ehled ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_problemu_ve_vztahu_k_OSS-2\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS\">P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Zakon_o_prevenci_nespravedlive_souteze_Pri_vyuzivani_OSS_pozor_na_poruseni_obchodniho_tajemstvi_podle_japonskeho_prava\" title=\"Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee: P\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS pozor na poru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00edho tajemstv\u00ed podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee: P\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS pozor na poru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00edho tajemstv\u00ed podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Prehled_Zakona_o_prevenci_nespravedlive_souteze\" title=\"P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee\">P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_problemu_v_souvislosti_s_OSS-2\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f v souvislosti s OSS\">P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f v souvislosti s OSS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Antimonopolni_zakon_Pripady_ktere_mohou_byt_problemem_na_strane_vyvojaru_OSS_v_Japonsku\" title=\"Antimonopoln\u00ed z\u00e1kon: P\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt probl\u00e9mem na stran\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f OSS v Japonsku\">Antimonopoln\u00ed z\u00e1kon: P\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt probl\u00e9mem na stran\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f OSS v Japonsku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Prehled_antimonopolniho_zakona\" title=\"P\u0159ehled antimonopoln\u00edho z\u00e1kona\">P\u0159ehled antimonopoln\u00edho z\u00e1kona<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_kdy_muze_dojit_k_problemum_v_souvislosti_s_OSS\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k probl\u00e9m\u016fm v souvislosti s OSS\">P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k probl\u00e9m\u016fm v souvislosti s OSS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Zakon_o_odpovednosti_za_vyrobky_PL_zakon_v_pripade_zpusobeni_skody_programem\" title=\"Z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky (PL z\u00e1kon) v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00ed \u0161kody programem\">Z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky (PL z\u00e1kon) v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00ed \u0161kody programem<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Prehled_Zakona_o_odpovednosti_za_vyrobky\" title=\"P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky\">P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_problemu_s_OSS_v_souvislosti_se_Zakonem_o_odpovednosti_za_vyrobky\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f s OSS v souvislosti se Z\u00e1konem o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky\">P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f s OSS v souvislosti se Z\u00e1konem o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Zakon_o_zahranicnim_obchodu_a_devizach_FETL_Pripad_zahrnuti_kryptograficke_technologie\" title=\"Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL): P\u0159\u00edpad zahrnut\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 technologie\">Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL): P\u0159\u00edpad zahrnut\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 technologie<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Prehled_Zakona_o_zahranicnim_obchodu_a_devizach_FETL\" title=\"P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL)\">P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Pripady_problemu_ve_vztahu_k_OSS-3\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS\">P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Shrnuti_V_pripade_pravnich_otazek_tykajicich_se_open-source_software_OSS_se_poradte_s_advokatem\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se open-source software (OSS) se pora\u010fte s advok\u00e1tem\">Shrnut\u00ed: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se open-source software (OSS) se pora\u010fte s advok\u00e1tem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/oss-law\/#Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\" title=\"P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e\">P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Autorske_pravo_Pozadavky_na_zastaveni_a_nahradu_skody_v_dusledku_poruseni_OSS_licence_podle_japonskeho_prava\"><\/span>Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo: Po\u017eadavky na zastaven\u00ed a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody v d\u016fsledku poru\u0161en\u00ed OSS licence podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed OSS licence m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k tomu, \u017ee dr\u017eitel autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 o zastaven\u00ed \u010dinnosti nebo n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b rizikov\u00e9, pokud je OSS za\u010dlen\u011bno do komer\u010dn\u00edho produktu a obsah licen\u010dn\u00edch ustanoven\u00ed nen\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b pochopen, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm rizik\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_autorskeho_prava\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va (autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va) vznikl\u00e1 tv\u016frci d\u00edla. Autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va vznikaj\u00ed automaticky a jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bna bez nutnosti registrace nebo jin\u00fdch formalit, co\u017e je charakteristick\u00fd rys pr\u00e1va du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed. Autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo a pr\u00e1va osobnosti autora jsou stanoveny za \u00fa\u010delem ochrany d\u011bl a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jejich poru\u0161en\u00ed jsou definov\u00e1ny n\u00e1roky na zastaven\u00ed \u010dinnosti a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_problemu_v_souvislosti_s_OSS\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f v souvislosti s OSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Programy jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny tak\u00e9 jako autorsk\u00e1 d\u00edla. OSS licence umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016fm ur\u010dit\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed podle autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va. Pokud je OSS vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no v rozporu s licen\u010dn\u00edmi ustanoven\u00edmi, m\u016f\u017ee to znamenat poru\u0161en\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud by byly odstran\u011bny autorsk\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky nebo licen\u010dn\u00ed dokumenty ze zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du p\u0159i jeho distribuci, nebo pokud by software vyvinut\u00fd s pou\u017eit\u00edm GPL licencovan\u00e9ho softwaru byl prod\u00e1v\u00e1n bez zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, mohly by to b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edpady poru\u0161en\u00ed. Vzhledem k mo\u017enosti po\u017eadavk\u016f na zastaven\u00ed \u010dinnosti a n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody ze strany dr\u017eitele autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v je vy\u017eadov\u00e1na maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed opatrnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bunka.go.jp\/seisaku\/chosakuken\/textbook\/pdf\/94081601_01.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Textbook on Copyright | Agency for Cultural Affairs[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Patentove_pravo_Pripady_poruseni_cizich_patentu_softwarem_vyvinutym_s_vyuzitim_OSS_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>Patentov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo: P\u0159\u00edpady poru\u0161en\u00ed ciz\u00edch patent\u016f softwarem vyvinut\u00fdm s vyu\u017eit\u00edm OSS v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fdvoji software s vyu\u017eit\u00edm Open Source Software (OSS) m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k poru\u0161en\u00ed patentov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v t\u0159et\u00edch stran. Pokud tento riziko podcen\u00edte, m\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st k zastaven\u00ed va\u0161ich podnikatelsk\u00fdch aktivit, proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 b\u00fdt opatrn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zakladni_prehled_japonskeho_patentoveho_prava\"><\/span>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159ehled japonsk\u00e9ho patentov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Patentov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00e9 vyn\u00e1lezy s novost\u00ed a pokro\u010dilost\u00ed. Vyn\u00e1lez, kter\u00fd z\u00edskal patent, m\u00e1 po dobu ur\u010dit\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed (z\u00e1sadn\u011b 20 let od pod\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161ky) pr\u00e1vo b\u00fdt v\u00fdhradn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bn dr\u017eitelem patentu. Poru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto pr\u00e1va m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k n\u00e1roku na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody nebo k z\u00e1kazu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_problemu_s_OSS_v_souvislosti_s_patentovym_pravem\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f s OSS v souvislosti s patentov\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 OSS licence mohou explicitn\u011b povolovat vyu\u017eit\u00ed patent\u016f (nap\u0159\u00edklad Apache License 2.0). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pou\u017eit\u00ed OSS m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k poru\u0161en\u00ed patentov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v t\u0159et\u00edch stran. Kdy\u017e nav\u00edc zve\u0159ejn\u00edte software obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed patenty, kter\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed va\u0161e spole\u010dnost, jako OSS, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jasn\u011b definovat rozsah povolen\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edmi stranami, abyste p\u0159ede\u0161li neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu vyu\u017eit\u00ed va\u0161ich patent\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/laws.e-gov.go.jp\/law\/334AC0000000121\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Japonsk\u00fd patentov\u00fd z\u00e1kon | e-Gov z\u00e1kony a p\u0159edpisy[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pozor_na_pokyny_k_ochrannym_znamkam_OSS_podle_japonskeho_zakona_o_ochrannych_znamkach\"><\/span>Pozor na pokyny k ochrann\u00fdm zn\u00e1mk\u00e1m OSS podle japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS m\u016f\u017eete ne\u00famysln\u011b poru\u0161it pr\u00e1va k ochrann\u00fdm zn\u00e1mk\u00e1m OSS a \u010delit po\u017eadavk\u016fm na z\u00e1kaz dal\u0161\u00edho poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo n\u00e1roku na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se jako relevantn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpis uplat\u0148uje japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_japonskeho_zakona_o_ochrannych_znamkach\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Japonsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch chr\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1zvy a loga (ochrann\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky), kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed k odli\u0161en\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed nebo slu\u017eeb od ostatn\u00edch, a p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k udr\u017een\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti podnikatel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed je pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, a k rozvoji pr\u016fmyslu, stejn\u011b jako k ochran\u011b z\u00e1jm\u016f spot\u0159ebitel\u016f. Spolu s autorsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem a patentov\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem pat\u0159\u00ed mezi pr\u00e1va du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed. Poru\u0161en\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u017eadavk\u016fm na z\u00e1kaz dal\u0161\u00edho poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo n\u00e1roku na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_problemu_ve_vztahu_k_OSS\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed produkt\u016f nebo slu\u017eeb vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch OSS m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v k ochrann\u00fdm zn\u00e1mk\u00e1m, pokud dojde k neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1zvu nebo loga p\u016fvodn\u00edho projektu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Firefox m\u00e1 stanoven\u00e9 pokyny pro ochrann\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky, kter\u00e9 podrobn\u011b specifikuj\u00ed podm\u00ednky pou\u017eit\u00ed. Proto je p\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS nutn\u00e9 db\u00e1t na to, aby nedo\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto pokyn\u016f, a znalost japonsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch je pro to z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mozilla.org\/en-US\/foundation\/trademarks\/policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Mozilla Trademark Guidelines\uff5cMozilla<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/laws.e-gov.go.jp\/law\/334AC0000000127\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Z\u00e1kon o ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch\uff5ce-Gov pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Obcansky_zakonik_Zakladni_zakon_pro_transakce_mezi_soukromymi_osobami_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kon pro transakce mezi soukrom\u00fdmi osobami v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/041ec0012317034c39a220f4bb0bd6bb.jpg\" alt=\"Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kon pro transakce mezi soukrom\u00fdmi osobami v Japonsku\" class=\"wp-image-138690\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed povaha OSS licenc\u00ed je obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1na za smlouvu a jejich z\u00e1kladem je ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk. Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd v\u00fdznam jako z\u00e1klad pro smluvn\u00ed poru\u0161en\u00ed a n\u00e1roky na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_obcanskeho_zakoniku\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm p\u0159edpisem, kter\u00fd reguluje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed vztahy mezi soukrom\u00fdmi osobami a stanovuje pravidla pro smlouvy, z\u00e1vazky a delikty. OSS licence jsou \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za smlouvy, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00edm podm\u00ednek stanoven\u00fdch autorem, a poru\u0161en\u00ed licence m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k odpov\u011bdnosti podle ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_problemu_ve_vztahu_k_OSS-2\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Text OSS licenc\u00ed \u010dasto obsahuje ustanoven\u00ed o vylou\u010den\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti a omezen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti, a je t\u0159eba posoudit, zda jsou tyto ustanoven\u00ed platn\u00e9 podle ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku. D\u00e1le mohou b\u00fdt v licen\u010dn\u00edch ustanoven\u00edch obsa\u017eeny pr\u00e1vn\u011b nejasn\u00e9 formulace, co\u017e jsou body, kter\u00e9 by pr\u00e1vn\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed m\u011blo p\u0159edem zv\u00e1\u017eit a uspo\u0159\u00e1dat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho, pokud dojde k spole\u010dn\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji OSS s extern\u00edm dodavatelem, je nezbytn\u00e9 p\u0159ipravit smlouvy, kter\u00e9 jasn\u011b stanov\u00ed smluvn\u00ed povinnosti a rozd\u011blen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti podle ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku. Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk funguje jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo nejen p\u0159i skute\u010dn\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 v komplexn\u00edch smluvn\u00edch struktur\u00e1ch, jako je outsourcing a subdod\u00e1vky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/laws.e-gov.go.jp\/law\/129AC0000000089\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk | e-Gov z\u00e1kony vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zakon_o_prevenci_nespravedlive_souteze_Pri_vyuzivani_OSS_pozor_na_poruseni_obchodniho_tajemstvi_podle_japonskeho_prava\"><\/span>Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee: P\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS pozor na poru\u0161en\u00ed obchodn\u00edho tajemstv\u00ed podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Open Source Software (OSS) m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k probl\u00e9m\u016fm souvisej\u00edc\u00edm se Z\u00e1konem o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee v Japonsku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_Zakona_o_prevenci_nespravedlive_souteze\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee m\u00e1 za c\u00edl zajistit spravedlivou sout\u011b\u017e mezi podnikateli a regulovat ne\u010destn\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed praktiky, jako je neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obchodn\u00edch tajemstv\u00ed, napodobov\u00e1n\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f nebo obchodn\u00edch ozna\u010den\u00ed jin\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a fale\u0161n\u00e9 ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodu zbo\u017e\u00ed. P\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS m\u016f\u017ee nedopat\u0159en\u00edm doj\u00edt k odhalen\u00ed k\u00f3du obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho obchodn\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed, co\u017e by mohlo v\u00e9st k poru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto z\u00e1kona. Je t\u0159eba b\u00fdt obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b opatrn\u00fd p\u0159i m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed intern\u011b vyvinut\u00e9ho k\u00f3du s OSS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_problemu_v_souvislosti_s_OSS-2\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f v souvislosti s OSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje soudn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d softwaru jako obchodn\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed podle Z\u00e1kona o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee (rozhodnut\u00ed Okresn\u00edho soudu v \u00d3sace ze dne 16. \u010dervence 2013 (2013)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e je zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d zve\u0159ejn\u011bn jako OSS a ne\u00famysln\u011b obsahuje obchodn\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt toto pova\u017eov\u00e1no za neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed. Pokud nav\u00edc OSS z\u00edskan\u00fd od t\u0159et\u00ed strany obsahuje obchodn\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed jin\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, nem\u016f\u017eeme vylou\u010dit mo\u017enost, \u017ee byste mohli b\u00fdt obvin\u011bni z poru\u0161en\u00ed Z\u00e1kona o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, ani\u017e byste o tom v\u011bd\u011bli. P\u0159ed pou\u017eit\u00edm je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat pozornost nejen licenci, ale tak\u00e9 p\u016fvodu k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/laws.e-gov.go.jp\/law\/405AC0000000047\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Z\u00e1kon o prevenci nespravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee | e-Gov z\u00e1kony a p\u0159edpisy[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Antimonopolni_zakon_Pripady_ktere_mohou_byt_problemem_na_strane_vyvojaru_OSS_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>Antimonopoln\u00ed z\u00e1kon: P\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt probl\u00e9mem na stran\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f OSS v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlavn\u011b na stran\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f open-source software (OSS) m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt z\u00e1konem, kter\u00fd se st\u00e1v\u00e1 probl\u00e9mem v p\u0159\u00edpadech, jako je eliminace konkurence, japonsk\u00fd antimonopoln\u00ed z\u00e1kon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_antimonopolniho_zakona\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled antimonopoln\u00edho z\u00e1kona<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Antimonopoln\u00ed z\u00e1kon je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpis, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 za c\u00edl udr\u017eet spravedlivou tr\u017en\u00ed sout\u011b\u017e t\u00edm, \u017ee zakazuje ne\u010destn\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed omezen\u00ed a soukrom\u00e9 monopolizace. Tento z\u00e1kon existuje nejen v Japonsku, ale i v mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch (nap\u0159\u00edklad v USA je to kombinace t\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u016f: Sherman\u016fv z\u00e1kon, Clayton\u016fv z\u00e1kon a z\u00e1kon Feder\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed komise, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed antitrustov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_kdy_muze_dojit_k_problemum_v_souvislosti_s_OSS\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady, kdy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k probl\u00e9m\u016fm v souvislosti s OSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9my v souladu s antimonopoln\u00edm z\u00e1konem mohou nastat, pokud ur\u010dit\u00e1 OSS licence extr\u00e9mn\u011b omezuje komer\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed, nebo pokud jedna spole\u010dnost de facto ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 OSS komunitu a vylu\u010duje konkuren\u010dn\u00ed firmy. Tak\u00e9 v\u00fdkon patentov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, kter\u00fd br\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159edm\u011btem regulace antimonopoln\u00edho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V Japonsku byla nap\u0159\u00edklad v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b &#8220;Linuxu&#8221; zavedena politika dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed antimonopoln\u00edho z\u00e1kona, a tak\u00e9 se stalo, \u017ee podnikatel\u016fm byl schv\u00e1len z\u00e1vazn\u00fd pl\u00e1n, kter\u00fd zahrnoval po\u017eadavky, je\u017e jim zt\u011b\u017eovaly \u00fa\u010dast v sout\u011b\u017ei o zak\u00e1zky na tvorbu webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek pro m\u011bsta, obce a speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dtvrti na z\u00e1klad\u011b OSS CMS syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zakon_o_odpovednosti_za_vyrobky_PL_zakon_v_pripade_zpusobeni_skody_programem\"><\/span>Z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky (PL z\u00e1kon) v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00ed \u0161kody programem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed OSS m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt relevantn\u00ed japonsk\u00fd Z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky (PL z\u00e1kon).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_Zakona_o_odpovednosti_za_vyrobky\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky (PL z\u00e1kon) je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpis, kter\u00fd stanov\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdrobce nese odpov\u011bdnost za \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 spot\u0159ebiteli vadn\u00fdm v\u00fdrobkem, a to i bez prok\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed jeho viny. Jedn\u00e1 se o speci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd dopl\u0148uje obecn\u00e9 principy odpov\u011bdnosti za \u0161kody stanoven\u00e9 v ob\u010dansk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_problemu_s_OSS_v_souvislosti_se_Zakonem_o_odpovednosti_za_vyrobky\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f s OSS v souvislosti se Z\u00e1konem o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u010dkoliv byl Z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky (PL z\u00e1kon) p\u016fvodn\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161len pro fyzick\u00e9 produkty, existuje prostor pro jeho aplikaci i na software. Pokud dojde k nehod\u011b nebo \u0161kod\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vadou v OSS zabudovan\u00e9m do produktu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prodejce v Japonsku vystaven odpov\u011bdnosti podle PL z\u00e1konu. OSS licence \u010dasto obsahuj\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed o vylou\u010den\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti, jako je &#8220;tak jak je&#8221; (AS IS), av\u0161ak v r\u00e1mci PL z\u00e1kona maj\u00ed tyto klauzule sv\u00e1 omezen\u00ed, a proto je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no uzav\u0159en\u00ed smluv a poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed s p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnut\u00edm k rizik\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/laws.e-gov.go.jp\/law\/406AC0000000085\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky | e-Gov pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zakon_o_zahranicnim_obchodu_a_devizach_FETL_Pripad_zahrnuti_kryptograficke_technologie\"><\/span>Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL): P\u0159\u00edpad zahrnut\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 technologie<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/308d85e5c247300d7a9cef272b8f7620.jpg\" alt=\"Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL): P\u0159\u00edpad zahrnut\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 technologie\" class=\"wp-image-138689\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 technologie obsa\u017een\u00e9 v OSS v zahrani\u010d\u00ed je nezbytn\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prehled_Zakona_o_zahranicnim_obchodu_a_devizach_FETL\"><\/span>P\u0159ehled Z\u00e1kona o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL) je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpis, kter\u00fd omezuje v\u00fdvoz ur\u010dit\u00fdch technologi\u00ed a produkt\u016f za \u00fa\u010delem ochrany bezpe\u010dnosti a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du. Poru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto z\u00e1kona m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k administrativn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm nebo trestn\u00edm sankc\u00edm. Trestn\u00ed sankce mohou zahrnovat pokuty a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e 20 milion\u016f jen\u016f nebo p\u011btin\u00e1sobku ceny p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed \u010di technologie, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b a\u017e desetilet\u00e9 v\u011bzen\u00ed, co\u017e jsou velmi p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 tresty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jako administrativn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed zak\u00e1z\u00e1n v\u00fdvoz zbo\u017e\u00ed nebo poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed technologi\u00ed po dobu a\u017e t\u0159\u00ed let, a Ministerstvo hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, obchodu a pr\u016fmyslu m\u016f\u017ee zve\u0159ejnit skute\u010dnost poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje velk\u00e9 riziko, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit kontinuitu podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_problemu_ve_vztahu_k_OSS-3\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady probl\u00e9m\u016f ve vztahu k OSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL) m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat kryptografick\u00e9 technologie obsa\u017een\u00e9 v OSS jako p\u0159edm\u011bt kontrol v\u00fdvozu, i kdy\u017e jsou poskytov\u00e1ny bezplatn\u011b. P\u0159i zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch, jako je GitHub, mus\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159edem zkontrolovat pokyny Ministerstva hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, obchodu a pr\u016fmyslu a podle pot\u0159eby podat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 ozn\u00e1men\u00ed, aby se vyhnuli poru\u0161en\u00ed Z\u00e1kona o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch (FETL). Je tak\u00e9 t\u0159eba b\u00fdt opatrn\u00fd, proto\u017ee i poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed technologi\u00ed obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch programy je p\u0159edm\u011btem regulace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/laws.e-gov.go.jp\/law\/324AC0000000228\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu a deviz\u00e1ch | e-Gov pr\u00e1vn\u00ed vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho, pokud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te americk\u00fd OSS, je nezbytn\u00e9 tak\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat americk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o kontrol\u00e1ch v\u00fdvozu (EAA), tak\u017ee je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat pozornost ob\u011bma p\u0159edpis\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti_V_pripade_pravnich_otazek_tykajicich_se_open-source_software_OSS_se_poradte_s_advokatem\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed: V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se open-source software (OSS) se pora\u010fte s advok\u00e1tem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Open-source software (OSS) m\u00e1 v modern\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed softwarov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje velkou hodnotu, ale pokud spr\u00e1vn\u011b nepochop\u00edte jeho vztah k r\u016fzn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm p\u0159edpis\u016fm, m\u016f\u017eete ne\u010dekan\u011b narazit na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed rizika. Je t\u0159eba se orientovat v komplexn\u00edch a rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch oblastech pr\u00e1va, jako je autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, patentov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo a dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1va du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed, z\u00e1kon o prevenci nekal\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, z\u00e1kon o odpov\u011bdnosti za v\u00fdrobky (PL) a z\u00e1kon o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm obchodu, a tak\u00e9 je nezbytn\u00e9 m\u00edt znalosti v oblasti in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed. Doporu\u010dujeme se ne\u0159\u00eddit vlastn\u00edm \u00fasudkem a rad\u011bji se poradit s advok\u00e1tem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/oss-license-violation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Co je poru\u0161en\u00ed OSS licence? Rizika a opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bly podniky zn\u00e1t na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\"><\/span>P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolith se specializuje na IT, zejm\u00e9na na kombinaci internetu a pr\u00e1va. Poru\u0161en\u00ed OSS licenc\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k obchodn\u00edm a pr\u00e1vn\u00edm rizik\u016fm. Na\u0161e kancel\u00e1\u0159 poskytuje slu\u017eby vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a revize smluv pro \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu klient\u016f, od spole\u010dnost\u00ed k\u00f3tovan\u00fdch na Tokyo Stock Exchange Prime a\u017e po startupov\u00e9 firmy. Pokud m\u00e1te probl\u00e9my se smlouvami, pros\u00edm, odkazujte se na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oblasti pr\u00e1ce pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e Monolith: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/contractcreation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a revize smluv atd.[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Open source software (OSS) je v modern\u00edm softwarov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji nepostradateln\u00fdm prvkem. P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody, jako je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na v\u00fdvoj a zrychlen\u00ed v\u00fdvoje, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b s sebou nese r\u016fzn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed rizika  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":66272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[19,31],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66002"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66002"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66002\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66273,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66002\/revisions\/66273"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}