{"id":66019,"date":"2025-07-29T19:55:08","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T10:55:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=66019"},"modified":"2025-08-21T15:18:51","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T06:18:51","slug":"customer-harassment-cases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady zahrnuje z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed? Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch bod\u016f pro opat\u0159en\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V posledn\u00edch letech nar\u016fst\u00e1 probl\u00e9m tzv. &#8220;customer harassment&#8221; (z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed), zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho pod zkratkou &#8220;kasuhara&#8221;, kdy jsou zam\u011bstnanci tr\u00e1peni nekal\u00fdmi st\u00ed\u017enostmi. Proto\u017ee firmy maj\u00ed povinnost db\u00e1t na bezpe\u010dnost sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159ijmout vhodn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed proti kasuhara. Mnoho lid\u00ed v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b v\u011bd\u011bt, jak\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed se pova\u017euje za kasuhara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sezn\u00e1men\u00ed se s p\u0159\u00edklady kasuhara m\u016f\u017ee pomoci pochopit nutnost opat\u0159en\u00ed proti tomuto jevu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku p\u0159edstav\u00edme skute\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady kasuhara a soudn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed, kde byla posuzov\u00e1na povinnost zam\u011bstnavatele zajistit bezpe\u010dnost, a vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed by firmy m\u011bly p\u0159ijmout v reakci na kasuhara v Japonsku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Co_je_to_zakaznicky_harasment\" title=\"Co je to z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd hara\u0161ment\">Co je to z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd hara\u0161ment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Kriteria_pro_posouzeni_zakaznickeho_obtezovani_podle_japonskeho_prava\" title=\"Krit\u00e9ria pro posouzen\u00ed z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">Krit\u00e9ria pro posouzen\u00ed z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Konkretni_priklady_customer_harassment_%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8F%E3%83%A9_v_Japonsku\" title=\"Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) v Japonsku\">Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) v Japonsku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Fyzicke_utoky_jako_napriklad_napadeni_a_ublizeni_na_zdravi\" title=\"Fyzick\u00e9 \u00fatoky jako nap\u0159\u00edklad napaden\u00ed a ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed\">Fyzick\u00e9 \u00fatoky jako nap\u0159\u00edklad napaden\u00ed a ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Psychicke_utoky_jako_vyhrozovani_poskozovani_povesti_a_urazky\" title=\"Psychick\u00e9 \u00fatoky jako vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011bsti a ur\u00e1\u017eky\">Psychick\u00e9 \u00fatoky jako vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011bsti a ur\u00e1\u017eky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Opakovane_a_uporne_chovani\" title=\"Opakovan\u00e9 a \u00faporn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed\">Opakovan\u00e9 a \u00faporn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Omezujici_chovani\" title=\"Omezuj\u00edc\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed\">Omezuj\u00edc\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Nadbytecne_pozadavky_bez_opravneneho_duvodu\" title=\"Nadbyte\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky bez opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu\">Nadbyte\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky bez opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Diskriminacni_a_sexualni_chovani\" title=\"Diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed a sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed\">Diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed a sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Pripady_soudnich_sporu_v_Japonsku_tykajici_se_obtezovani_ze_strany_zakazniku\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady soudn\u00edch spor\u016f v Japonsku t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f\">P\u0159\u00edpady soudn\u00edch spor\u016f v Japonsku t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Pripad_kdy_byla_zdravotni_sestra_napadena_hospitalizovanym_pacientem\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byla zdravotn\u00ed sestra napadena hospitalizovan\u00fdm pacientem\">P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byla zdravotn\u00ed sestra napadena hospitalizovan\u00fdm pacientem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Pripad_kdy_doslo_k_potizim_mezi_zamestnancem_supermarketu_a_zakaznikem\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy do\u0161lo k pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm mezi zam\u011bstnancem supermarketu a z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem\">P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy do\u0161lo k pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm mezi zam\u011bstnancem supermarketu a z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Jaka_je_povinnost_zamestnavatele_k_zajisteni_bezpecnosti_zamestnancu_podle_japonskeho_prava\" title=\"Jak\u00e1 je povinnost zam\u011bstnavatele k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti zam\u011bstnanc\u016f podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">Jak\u00e1 je povinnost zam\u011bstnavatele k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti zam\u011bstnanc\u016f podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Pripady_obvineni_z_poruseni_povinnosti_zajistit_bezpecnost_v_dusledku_%E2%80%9Ckasuhara%E2%80%9D_v_Japonsku\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpady obvin\u011bn\u00ed z poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost v d\u016fsledku &#8220;kasuhara&#8221; v Japonsku\">P\u0159\u00edpady obvin\u011bn\u00ed z poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost v d\u016fsledku &#8220;kasuhara&#8221; v Japonsku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Pripad_kdy_ucitelka_v_materske_skole_zazila_intenzivni_psychickou_zatez\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy u\u010ditelka v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole za\u017eila intenzivn\u00ed psychickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\">P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy u\u010ditelka v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole za\u017eila intenzivn\u00ed psychickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Pripad_kdy_zamestnanec_call_centra_byl_vystaven_hrubemu_jednani\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy zam\u011bstnanec call centra byl vystaven hrub\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed\">P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy zam\u011bstnanec call centra byl vystaven hrub\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Opatreni_ktera_by_mely_firmy_v_Japonsku_prijmout_proti_zakaznickemu_obtezovani_%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8F%E3%83%A9\" title=\"Opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bly firmy v Japonsku p\u0159ijmout proti z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9)\">Opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bly firmy v Japonsku p\u0159ijmout proti z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Zpresneni_zakladnich_zasad_a_jejich_sdeleni_zamestnancum\" title=\"Zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch z\u00e1sad a jejich sd\u011blen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm\">Zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch z\u00e1sad a jejich sd\u011blen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Vytvoreni_systemu_pro_konzultace_a_reakci\" title=\"Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed syst\u00e9mu pro konzultace a reakci\">Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed syst\u00e9mu pro konzultace a reakci<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Stanoveni_postupu_pri_vzniku_stiznosti\" title=\"Stanoven\u00ed postupu p\u0159i vzniku st\u00ed\u017enosti\">Stanoven\u00ed postupu p\u0159i vzniku st\u00ed\u017enosti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Nedilna_soucast_je_pece_o_zamestnance\" title=\"Ned\u00edln\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st je p\u00e9\u010de o zam\u011bstnance\">Ned\u00edln\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st je p\u00e9\u010de o zam\u011bstnance<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Shrnuti_Opatreni_proti_obtezovani_zakazniku_byste_meli_konzultovat_s_pravnikem\" title=\"Shrnut\u00ed: Opat\u0159en\u00ed proti obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f byste m\u011bli konzultovat s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem\">Shrnut\u00ed: Opat\u0159en\u00ed proti obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f byste m\u011bli konzultovat s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/general-corporate\/customer-harassment-cases\/#Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\" title=\"P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e\">P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_zakaznicky_harasment\"><\/span>Co je to z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd hara\u0161ment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/3c100d739355dc0029a31c67a175f2d2.jpg\" alt=\"Co je to z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd hara\u0161ment\" class=\"wp-image-136020\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd hara\u0161ment je druh obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kozuje pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Ve skute\u010dnosti v\u0161ak definice z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho hara\u0161mentu nen\u00ed v pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpisech jasn\u011b stanovena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak na z\u00e1klad\u011b informac\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch z pr\u016fzkum\u016f firem a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f, japonsk\u00e9 Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed, pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed definuje z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd hara\u0161ment na pracovi\u0161ti n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>St\u00ed\u017enosti nebo chov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9, i kdy\u017e se zohledn\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bnost po\u017eadavk\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed prost\u0159edky nebo zp\u016fsoby, kter\u00e9 jsou podle spole\u010densk\u00fdch norem nevhodn\u00e9 a kter\u00e9 po\u0161kozuj\u00ed pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f<\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/content\/11900000\/000915233.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed, pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed | Manu\u00e1l pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho hara\u0161mentu[ja]<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Ne v\u0161echny st\u00ed\u017enosti od z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f nebo obchodn\u00edch partner\u016f se kvalifikuj\u00ed jako z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd hara\u0161ment. Hlasy z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f po\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed produkt\u016f nebo slu\u017eeb by m\u011bly b\u00fdt br\u00e1ny v\u00e1\u017en\u011b jako legitimn\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enosti. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak i neopodstatn\u011bn\u00e9 a \u0161kodliv\u00e9 st\u00ed\u017enosti, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nadm\u011brn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky nebo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1mitky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010celit st\u00ed\u017enostem, kter\u00e9 dosahuj\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho hara\u0161mentu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro zam\u011bstnance velkou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kriteria_pro_posouzeni_zakaznickeho_obtezovani_podle_japonskeho_prava\"><\/span>Krit\u00e9ria pro posouzen\u00ed z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle definice z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9), kterou stanovilo japonsk\u00e9 Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed, pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, se zd\u00e1, \u017ee pro posouzen\u00ed, zda do\u0161lo k z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dva body:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Existuje opr\u00e1vn\u011bnost v n\u00e1roc\u00edch z\u00e1kazn\u00edka?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jsou prost\u0159edky a zp\u016fsoby, kter\u00fdmi se sna\u017e\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout sv\u00e9ho po\u017eadavku, obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Krit\u00e9ria pro posouzen\u00ed z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a metody jeho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsou podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btleny v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku. Doporu\u010dujeme v\u00e1m se s n\u00edm sezn\u00e1mit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/customer-harassment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9 obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed jako spole\u010densk\u00fd probl\u00e9m? Jak\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed by m\u011bly podniky p\u0159ijmout a jak\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010diny mohou b\u00fdt relevantn\u00ed[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Konkretni_priklady_customer_harassment_%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8F%E3%83%A9_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/a210b5817e6bfd308a67c73da942dfcb.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159\u00edklady konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9), kter\u00e9 se skute\u010dn\u011b staly\" class=\"wp-image-136021\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9), neboli obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, zahrnuje v\u0161eobecn\u011b ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany klient\u016f, ale jeho projevy jsou r\u016fznorod\u00e9 a ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd dopad na zam\u011bstnance. Pro podnikatele je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 tyto p\u0159\u00edpady br\u00e1t v \u00favahu p\u0159i zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed proti customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) a zajistit tak prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m mohou zam\u011bstnanci pracovat bez obav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9), kter\u00e9 byly odhaleny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm soudn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f nebo report\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, abychom l\u00e9pe pochopili, jak\u00e9 formy m\u016f\u017ee customer harassment (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) nab\u00fdvat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fyzicke_utoky_jako_napriklad_napadeni_a_ublizeni_na_zdravi\"><\/span>Fyzick\u00e9 \u00fatoky jako nap\u0159\u00edklad napaden\u00ed a ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Fyzick\u00e9 \u00fatoky p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed jednu z nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem pracovn\u00edho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ohro\u017euj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Mezi konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Zam\u011bstnanec na n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed byl odstr\u010den, kdy\u017e upozornil cestuj\u00edc\u00edho, kter\u00fd st\u00e1l mimo vodic\u00ed dla\u017ebu pro nevidom\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1kazn\u00edk sev\u0159el a t\u00e1hl za oble\u010den\u00ed zam\u011bstnance u pokladny kv\u016fli \u0161patn\u00e9mu z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu servisu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Osoba na prodejn\u00ed plo\u0161e h\u00e1zela botami a bouchala do \u017eidl\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se chovala agresivn\u011b a zastra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zdravotn\u00ed sestra byla fyzicky napadena, v\u010detn\u011b bit\u00ed, \u0161t\u00edp\u00e1n\u00ed, pliv\u00e1n\u00ed, h\u00e1zen\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a ni\u010den\u00ed pracovn\u00edch pom\u016fcek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zam\u011bstnanec na n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed byl \u0161l\u00e1pnut a ude\u0159en de\u0161tn\u00edkem opil\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem, kter\u00e9ho obsluhoval.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Psychicke_utoky_jako_vyhrozovani_poskozovani_povesti_a_urazky\"><\/span>Psychick\u00e9 \u00fatoky jako vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011bsti a ur\u00e1\u017eky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Psychick\u00e9 \u00fatoky prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm slov nebo chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed tzv. &#8220;power harassment&#8221; (zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed moci), kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm zp\u016fsobit zna\u010dnou psychickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Vyhro\u017eoval slovy jako &#8220;zabiju t\u011b&#8221; nebo &#8220;podp\u00e1l\u00edm tv\u016fj d\u016fm&#8221;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159i telefonick\u00e9m st\u00ed\u017enostn\u00edm hovoru pou\u017eil ur\u00e1\u017eky jako &#8220;zdechni&#8221; nebo &#8220;blb\u010de&#8221;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161il hlas a zastra\u0161oval kv\u016fli pomal\u00e9mu z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu servisu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na sestru nebo p\u00e9\u010di o pacienta k\u0159i\u010del slovy jako &#8220;neschopn\u00e1&#8221; nebo &#8220;vypadni&#8221;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oper\u00e1torovi call centra \u0159ekl, \u017ee je hloup\u00fd a m\u00e1 \u0161patnou povahu, co\u017e je \u00fatok na osobnost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyhro\u017eoval odhalen\u00edm informac\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch nebo v m\u00e9di\u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Opakovane_a_uporne_chovani\"><\/span>Opakovan\u00e9 a \u00faporn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejedn\u00e1 se pouze o jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9 incidenty, ale o obt\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se opakuje a vy\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 zam\u011bstnance, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje tzv. &#8220;power harassment&#8221; (\u010dasto zkr\u00e1cen\u011b &#8220;pawa hara&#8221;) podle japonsk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch praktik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u010casto nav\u0161t\u011bvoval obchod a st\u011b\u017eoval si.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>St\u011b\u017eoval si opakovan\u011b nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d n\u011bkolika odd\u011blen\u00edmi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provedl v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 hovor\u016f, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch z\u016fstal bez slova a bez odpov\u011bdi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Omezujici_chovani\"><\/span>Omezuj\u00edc\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f na dlouhou dobu a odeb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed jejich svobody tak\u00e9 spad\u00e1 pod power harassment (\u0161ikanu na pracovi\u0161ti) podle japonsk\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>I kdy\u017e jim bylo vysv\u011btleno, \u017ee refundace nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1, nebyli spokojeni a vysl\u00fdchali zam\u011bstnance d\u00e9le ne\u017e dv\u011b hodiny.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po\u017eadovali, aby se zam\u011bstnanec omluvil v dom\u011b z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, a to po dobu \u010dty\u0159 dn\u016f a\u017e do pozdn\u00edch no\u010dn\u00edch hodin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nebyli spokojeni s obsluhou a dlouhodob\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1vali v obchod\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V extr\u00e9mn\u00edm horku dr\u017eeli doru\u010dovatele dlouhou dobu a k\u00e1zali mu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nadbytecne_pozadavky_bez_opravneneho_duvodu\"><\/span>Nadbyte\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky bez opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Po\u017eadavky, kter\u00e9 jsou podle spole\u010densk\u00fdch norem zjevn\u011b neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9, tak\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed do kategorie power harassment (\u0161ikany na pracovi\u0161ti) v Japonsku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>P\u0159\u00edkaz \u201eoprav chybu v programu do z\u00edt\u0159ka celono\u010dn\u00ed prac\u00ed\u201c je p\u0159\u00edkladem nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho po\u017eadavku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klient, kter\u00fd kv\u016fli zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed vlaku pou\u017eil taxi, opakovan\u011b po\u017eadoval \u00fahradu n\u00e1klad\u016f na taxi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po\u017eadavek na bezplatnou opravu v\u00fdrobku zakoupen\u00e9ho p\u0159ed 20 lety.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Host, kter\u00fd p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m pobytu upozor\u0148oval na nedostatky v \u00faklidu pokoje a po\u017eadoval upgrade pokoje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po\u017eadavek na v\u00fdm\u011bnu v\u00fdrobku, kter\u00fd byl po\u0161kozen vlastn\u00ed nedbalost\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vynucen\u00ed pokleknut\u00ed p\u0159ed zam\u011bstnancem obchodu jako kompenzace za \u0161kr\u00e1bance na produktu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diskriminacni_a_sexualni_chovani\"><\/span>Diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed a sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdroky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se rasy, pohlav\u00ed, sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed orientace a obsc\u00e9nn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m harassmentu v p\u00e9\u010di (kasuhara) v Japonsku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Telefonicky byla osoba vystavena sexu\u00e1ln\u00edmu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed slovy \u201echt\u011bl bych s tebou mluvit d\u00e9le\u201c a \u201e\u0159ekni mi sv\u00e9 k\u0159estn\u00ed jm\u00e9no\u201c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zam\u011bstnanec byl chycen za ruku a opakovan\u011b dotazov\u00e1n na kontaktn\u00ed \u00fadaje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bez souvislosti s p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed byla sestra dot\u00fdk\u00e1na na t\u011ble.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V obchod\u011b s rychl\u00fdm ob\u010derstven\u00edm bylo po\u017eadov\u00e1no vym\u011bnit obsluhu s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm \u201enechci b\u00fdt obslou\u017een cizincem\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_soudnich_sporu_v_Japonsku_tykajici_se_obtezovani_ze_strany_zakazniku\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady soudn\u00edch spor\u016f v Japonsku t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde p\u0159edstavujeme p\u0159\u00edpady soudn\u00edch spor\u016f, kde byly probl\u00e9mem pot\u00ed\u017ee zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm ze strany z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_kdy_byla_zdravotni_sestra_napadena_hospitalizovanym_pacientem\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byla zdravotn\u00ed sestra napadena hospitalizovan\u00fdm pacientem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o incident, kdy zdravotn\u00ed sestra v nemocnici byla b\u011bhem no\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby napadena pacientem v deliriu, co\u017e vedlo k vyklouben\u00ed kr\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159e a kontraktur\u00e1m lev\u00e9 horn\u00ed kon\u010detiny, a n\u00e1sledn\u011b musela nastoupit na nemocenskou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po n\u00e1vratu do pr\u00e1ce byla sestra op\u011bt fyzicky napadena pacientem, kter\u00fd ji chytil za ruku, co\u017e u n\u00ed vyvolalo strach a rozvinulo se adapta\u010dn\u00ed poruchou, kter\u00e1 j\u00ed znemo\u017enila pracovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b byla nemocnice obvin\u011bna z nedodr\u017een\u00ed povinnosti chr\u00e1nit zdravotn\u00ed sestru p\u0159ed t\u011blesn\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm. (Tokyo District Court, 19. \u00fanora 2013 (Heisei 25))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho existuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v nemocnic\u00edch a v oblasti p\u00e9\u010de, jako jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Dot\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed se t\u011bla pod z\u00e1minkou o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nadbyte\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy vy\u017eadovan\u00e9 rodinou osoby v p\u00e9\u010di.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00fdlevy hn\u011bvu po vysv\u011btlen\u00ed z\u00e1kazu n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv b\u011bhem pandemie COVID-19.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_kdy_doslo_k_potizim_mezi_zamestnancem_supermarketu_a_zakaznikem\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy do\u0161lo k pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm mezi zam\u011bstnancem supermarketu a z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/0786a842d9313e15a9253023dcae70ff.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy do\u0161lo k pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm mezi zam\u011bstnancem supermarketu a z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem\" class=\"wp-image-136022\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kazn\u00edk, kter\u00fd byl nespokojen s postojem zam\u011bstnance supermarketu, ho ve zlosti nahlas zkritizoval a po\u017eadoval po mana\u017eerovi obchodu, aby dan\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance propustil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161ak soud uvedl, \u017ee i kdy\u017e bylo chov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edka hrub\u00e9, nejednalo se o n\u00e1sil\u00ed a nebylo to pova\u017eov\u00e1no za trestn\u00fd \u010din.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le bylo pouk\u00e1z\u00e1no na to, \u017ee i zam\u011bstnanec m\u011bl probl\u00e9my ve sv\u00e9m projevu a nedostate\u010dn\u011b citliv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem zp\u016fsobil z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 pocity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zam\u011bstnanec se rychle vr\u00e1til do pr\u00e1ce a nebylo uzn\u00e1no, \u017ee by utrp\u011bl psychick\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed, a proto nebyl z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovo jedn\u00e1n\u00ed shled\u00e1no jako protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed. (Tokyo District Court, 2. listopadu 2018 (Heisei 30))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jaka_je_povinnost_zamestnavatele_k_zajisteni_bezpecnosti_zamestnancu_podle_japonskeho_prava\"><\/span>Jak\u00e1 je povinnost zam\u011bstnavatele k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti zam\u011bstnanc\u016f podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 v Japonsku maj\u00ed v\u016f\u010di sv\u00fdm pracovn\u00edk\u016fm tzv. &#8216;povinnost k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti&#8217;. Tato povinnost je definov\u00e1na v \u010dl\u00e1nku 5 Z\u00e1kona o pracovn\u00edch smlouv\u00e1ch (\u52b4\u50cd\u5951\u7d04\u6cd5) n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek 5: Zam\u011bstnavatel je povinen v r\u00e1mci pracovn\u00ed smlouvy zajistit, aby zam\u011bstnanec mohl pracovat s ohledem na bezpe\u010dnost sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota, t\u011bla atd.<\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"https:\/\/laws.e-gov.go.jp\/law\/419AC0000000128#Mp-Ch_1-At_5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">e-Gov\u6cd5\u4ee4\u691c\u7d22\uff5c\u52b4\u50cd\u5951\u7d04\u6cd5[ja]<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Harasov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, tzv. &#8216;customer harassment&#8217; nebo &#8216;k\u00e1suhara&#8217;, p\u0159edstavuje situaci, kter\u00e1 ohro\u017euje bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud se zam\u011bstnavatel v Japonsku nezab\u00fdv\u00e1 situacemi, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k &#8216;k\u00e1suhara&#8217;, nebo pokud je schopen poskytnout pouze neadekv\u00e1tn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obvin\u011bn z poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee existuje tak\u00e9 mo\u017enost, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanci mohou po\u017eadovat od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za \u0161kody, je pro podniky nezbytn\u00e9 m\u00edt \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed proti &#8216;k\u00e1suhara&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripady_obvineni_z_poruseni_povinnosti_zajistit_bezpecnost_v_dusledku_%E2%80%9Ckasuhara%E2%80%9D_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpady obvin\u011bn\u00ed z poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost v d\u016fsledku &#8220;kasuhara&#8221; v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159edstav\u00edme p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy byla japonsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost obvin\u011bna z poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost v d\u016fsledku v\u00fdskytu &#8220;kasuhara&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_kdy_ucitelka_v_materske_skole_zazila_intenzivni_psychickou_zatez\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy u\u010ditelka v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole za\u017eila intenzivn\u00ed psychickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o incident, kdy u\u010ditelka v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole onemocn\u011bla depres\u00ed a zhor\u0161ila se j\u00ed, co\u017e vedlo k sebevra\u017ed\u011b po obvin\u011bn\u00ed z t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed ze strany rodi\u010d\u016f. Rodina u\u010ditelky pot\u00e9 obvinila mate\u0159skou \u0161kolu z poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edv\u00eddat, \u017ee doty\u010dn\u00e1 u\u010ditelka m\u016f\u017ee onemocn\u011bt depres\u00ed a sp\u00e1chat sebevra\u017edu, bylo pouk\u00e1z\u00e1no na to, \u017ee poradenstv\u00ed a pohovory nefungovaly, jak m\u011bly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proto\u017ee \u0161kola nep\u0159ijala opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by sn\u00ed\u017eila psychickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, bylo v soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed uzn\u00e1no poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost ze strany mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly. (Nagasaki District Court, Reiwa 3 (2021) leden 19)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pripad_kdy_zamestnanec_call_centra_byl_vystaven_hrubemu_jednani\"><\/span>P\u0159\u00edpad, kdy zam\u011bstnanec call centra byl vystaven hrub\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o incident, kdy zam\u011bstnanec call centra obvinil spole\u010dnost z poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost pot\u00e9, co byl b\u011bhem telefon\u00e1tu vystaven hrub\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V soudn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed byla jako d\u016fkazn\u00ed materi\u00e1l zv\u00e1\u017eena n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 spole\u010dnost p\u0159ijala k ochran\u011b sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Osoby na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch pozic\u00edch pravideln\u011b monitoruj\u00ed telefon\u00e1ty komunik\u00e1tor\u016f a neust\u00e1le kontroluj\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 hovory.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Komunik\u00e1tor m\u016f\u017ee na z\u00e1klad\u011b vlastn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b ukon\u010dit hovor, sundat sluch\u00e1tka nebo p\u0159epnout na automatickou odpov\u011b\u010f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spole\u010dnost m\u00e1 zaveden\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm vyu\u017e\u00edvat bezplatn\u00e9 poradenstv\u00ed, kontroly stresu a konzultace s pracovn\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159em.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee spole\u010dnost dostate\u010dn\u011b zavedla manu\u00e1ly a pravidla pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed situac\u00ed, a proto nebylo poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost uzn\u00e1no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Opatreni_ktera_by_mely_firmy_v_Japonsku_prijmout_proti_zakaznickemu_obtezovani_%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%8F%E3%83%A9\"><\/span>Opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bly firmy v Japonsku p\u0159ijmout proti z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/c708ee0d93648a255a58e4b1813cf759.jpg\" alt=\"Opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bly firmy v Japonsku p\u0159ijmout proti z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9)\" class=\"wp-image-136023\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5;width:840px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Vych\u00e1zeje z p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9), pop\u00ed\u0161eme opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bly firmy v Japonsku p\u0159ijmout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zpresneni_zakladnich_zasad_a_jejich_sdeleni_zamestnancum\"><\/span>Zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch z\u00e1sad a jejich sd\u011blen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed proti z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) je nejprve d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jasn\u011b stanovit z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1sady firmy a informovat o nich zam\u011bstnance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uk\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm ochoty chr\u00e1nit zam\u011bstnance ze strany firmy m\u016f\u017eete poskytnout pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee se probl\u00e9mem z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) zab\u00fdv\u00e1te. To tak\u00e9 pom\u016f\u017ee zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm b\u00fdt si v\u011bdomi prevence a usnadn\u00ed jim mluvit o probl\u00e9mech souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se z\u00e1kaznick\u00fdm obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) na pracovi\u0161ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po stanoven\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch z\u00e1sad je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1dat \u0161kolen\u00ed a prohloubit porozum\u011bn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f v\u016f\u010di z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9mu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vytvoreni_systemu_pro_konzultace_a_reakci\"><\/span>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed syst\u00e9mu pro konzultace a reakci<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m mohou zam\u011bstnanci snadno vyhledat pomoc v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se z\u00e1kaznick\u00fdm obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt p\u0159edem jasn\u011b stanoven\u00e9, kdo by m\u011bl b\u00fdt kontaktn\u00ed osobou pro konzultace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako mo\u017en\u00e9 kontakty pro zam\u011bstnance, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed konzultovat probl\u00e9my se z\u00e1kaznick\u00fdm obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9), se nab\u00edzej\u00ed nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo dozorci na pracovi\u0161ti, od nich\u017e lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat rychlou reakci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt p\u0159ipraven\u00fd manu\u00e1l, kter\u00fd ur\u010duje postup po p\u0159ijet\u00ed konzultace. Vytvo\u0159en\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje hladkou spolupr\u00e1ci s p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi odd\u011blen\u00edmi a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi organizacemi, lze dos\u00e1hnout rychl\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stanoveni_postupu_pri_vzniku_stiznosti\"><\/span>Stanoven\u00ed postupu p\u0159i vzniku st\u00ed\u017enosti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Postup reakce po p\u0159ijet\u00ed konzultace od zam\u011bstnance ohledn\u011b z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) by m\u011bl b\u00fdt stanoven p\u0159edem s ohledem na v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed postup reakce se m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na obsahu pr\u00e1ce a form\u011b provozu, ale m\u011bli byste zv\u00e1\u017eit nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed body:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Proces sd\u00edlen\u00ed informac\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Existence nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed telefonn\u00edch hovor\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Body, na kter\u00e9 si d\u00e1t pozor p\u0159i zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f z\u00e1kazn\u00edka<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po\u010det osob reaguj\u00edc\u00edch na st\u00ed\u017enosti<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed omluvy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav person\u00e1lu a slu\u017eeb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nedilna_soucast_je_pece_o_zamestnance\"><\/span>Ned\u00edln\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st je p\u00e9\u010de o zam\u011bstnance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud zam\u011bstnanec utrp\u00ed \u0161kodu v d\u016fsledku z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9), je nutn\u00e9, aby firma rychle p\u0159ijala opat\u0159en\u00ed k jeho podpo\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee dojde k n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo sexu\u00e1ln\u00edmu obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rychle odd\u011blit zam\u011bstnance od z\u00e1kazn\u00edka a zajistit jeho bezpe\u010dnost. Spolupr\u00e1ce s pr\u00e1vn\u00edky nebo polici\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho, proto\u017ee z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9 obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed (\u30ab\u30b9\u30cf\u30e9) m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt velk\u00fd dopad na psychiku, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nep\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eet n\u00e1slednou p\u00e9\u010di. Vzhledem k mo\u017enosti vzniku psychick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zajistit mo\u017enost n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shrnuti_Opatreni_proti_obtezovani_zakazniku_byste_meli_konzultovat_s_pravnikem\"><\/span>Shrnut\u00ed: Opat\u0159en\u00ed proti obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f byste m\u011bli konzultovat s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f (v Japonsku zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako &#8220;kasuhara&#8221;) m\u016f\u017ee nab\u00fdvat r\u016fzn\u00fdch forem v z\u00e1vislosti na obsahu slu\u017eeb a charakteru podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 adekv\u00e1tn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it n\u00e1hl\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, je nezbytn\u00e9 prohloubit porozum\u011bn\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159edchoz\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a p\u0159ijmout preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed. Pokud m\u00e1te obavy z toho, zda jsou intern\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti dostate\u010dn\u00e1, doporu\u010dujeme konzultovat opat\u0159en\u00ed proti obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Konzultace s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem a p\u0159edem p\u0159ipraven\u00e1 adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed umo\u017en\u00ed rychlou reakci v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vzniku obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\"><\/span>P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolith je specializovan\u00e1 na IT, zejm\u00e9na na internet a pr\u00e1vo, a poskytuje unik\u00e1tn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed slu\u017eby. Na\u0161e kancel\u00e1\u0159 nab\u00edz\u00ed \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podpory, v\u010detn\u011b tvorby a revize smluv, pro klienty od spole\u010dnost\u00ed k\u00f3tovan\u00fdch na Tokijsk\u00e9 burze a\u017e po startupy. Pro v\u00edce informac\u00ed si pros\u00edm p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oblasti pr\u00e1ce pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e Monolith: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/practices\/corporate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed slu\u017eby pro IT a startupy v Japonsku[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V posledn\u00edch letech nar\u016fst\u00e1 probl\u00e9m tzv. &#8220;customer harassment&#8221; (z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9ho obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed), zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho pod zkratkou &#8220;kasuhara&#8221;, kdy jsou zam\u011bstnanci tr\u00e1peni nekal\u00fdmi st\u00ed\u017enostmi. Pro [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":66209,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,28],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66019"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66019"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66210,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66019\/revisions\/66210"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}