{"id":66047,"date":"2025-07-29T19:55:09","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T10:55:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/?p=66047"},"modified":"2025-08-21T16:57:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T07:57:13","slug":"eu-ai-act","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act","title":{"rendered":"Regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence v EU a nezbytn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed pro japonsk\u00e9 podniky"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Dne 12. \u010dervence 2024 byl v EU vyhl\u00e1\u0161en \u201eZ\u00e1kon o regulaci um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence (EU AI Act)\u201c, kter\u00fd nabyl \u00fa\u010dinnosti 1. srpna t\u00e9ho\u017e roku.<br>Tento z\u00e1kon reguluje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence v r\u00e1mci EU a od roku 2025 bude vy\u017eadovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 kroky i od japonsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Specificky to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podobn\u011b jako provozovatel\u00e9 e-commerce web\u016f v Japonsku mus\u00ed dodr\u017eovat \u201eObecn\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o ochran\u011b osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f (GDPR)\u201c EU, i japonsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed produkty nebo slu\u017eby souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm v EU mohou podl\u00e9hat aplikaci z\u00e1kona o regulaci um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak\u00e9 kroky jsou po\u017eadov\u00e1ny od p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch podnikatel\u016f v souvislosti s nabyt\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinnosti tohoto z\u00e1kona, v\u010detn\u011b klasifikace rizik syst\u00e9m\u016f um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a hodnocen\u00ed jejich shody s regulacemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Predpoklad_Rozdil_mezi_%E2%80%9Cnarizenim%E2%80%9D_a_%E2%80%9Csmernici%E2%80%9D_v_pravu_EU\" title=\"P\u0159edpoklad: Rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm&#8221; a &#8220;sm\u011brnic\u00ed&#8221; v pr\u00e1vu EU\">P\u0159edpoklad: Rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm&#8221; a &#8220;sm\u011brnic\u00ed&#8221; v pr\u00e1vu EU<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Regulace_umele_inteligence_a_jeji_extrateritorialni_aplikace_v_Japonsku\" title=\"Regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a jej\u00ed extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace v Japonsku\">Regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a jej\u00ed extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace v Japonsku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Co_znamena_extrateritorialni_aplikace\" title=\"Co znamen\u00e1 extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace\">Co znamen\u00e1 extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Extrateritorialni_aplikace_zakona_o_regulaci_AI_v_Japonsku\" title=\"Extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v Japonsku\">Extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v Japonsku<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Charakteristiky_regulace_umele_inteligence_v_EU_Pristup_zalozeny_na_riziku\" title=\"Charakteristiky regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence v EU: P\u0159\u00edstup zalo\u017een\u00fd na riziku\">Charakteristiky regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence v EU: P\u0159\u00edstup zalo\u017een\u00fd na riziku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Co_je_to_rizikove_zalozeny_pristup\" title=\"Co je to rizikov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup\">Co je to rizikov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#AI_systemy_s_neprijatelnym_rizikem_podle_japonskeho_prava\" title=\"AI syst\u00e9my s nep\u0159ijateln\u00fdm rizikem podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">AI syst\u00e9my s nep\u0159ijateln\u00fdm rizikem podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Vysokorizikove_AI_systemy_podle_japonskeho_prava\" title=\"Vysokorizikov\u00e9 AI syst\u00e9my podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">Vysokorizikov\u00e9 AI syst\u00e9my podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#AI_systemy_s_omezenym_rizikem\" title=\"AI syst\u00e9my s omezen\u00fdm rizikem\">AI syst\u00e9my s omezen\u00fdm rizikem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#AI_systemy_s_minimalnim_rizikem\" title=\"AI syst\u00e9my s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm rizikem\">AI syst\u00e9my s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm rizikem<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Pozadavky_a_povinnosti_pro_systemy_s_vysokym_rizikem_AI_podle_japonskeho_prava\" title=\"Po\u017eadavky a povinnosti pro syst\u00e9my s vysok\u00fdm rizikem AI podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\">Po\u017eadavky a povinnosti pro syst\u00e9my s vysok\u00fdm rizikem AI podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Povinnosti_poskytovatelu_uzivatelu_dovozcu_a_distributoru\" title=\"Povinnosti poskytovatel\u016f, u\u017eivatel\u016f, dovozc\u016f a distributor\u016f\">Povinnosti poskytovatel\u016f, u\u017eivatel\u016f, dovozc\u016f a distributor\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Povinnosti_poskytovatele\" title=\"Povinnosti poskytovatele\">Povinnosti poskytovatele<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Povinnosti_uzivatele\" title=\"Povinnosti u\u017eivatele\">Povinnosti u\u017eivatele<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Postupne_zavadeni_zakona_o_regulaci_AI_v_Japonsku\" title=\"Postupn\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v Japonsku\">Postupn\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v Japonsku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/it\/eu-ai-act\/#Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\" title=\"P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e\">P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Predpoklad_Rozdil_mezi_%E2%80%9Cnarizenim%E2%80%9D_a_%E2%80%9Csmernici%E2%80%9D_v_pravu_EU\"><\/span>P\u0159edpoklad: Rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm&#8221; a &#8220;sm\u011brnic\u00ed&#8221; v pr\u00e1vu EU<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159ed vysv\u011btlen\u00edm samotn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI je nutn\u00e9 pochopit rozd\u00edl mezi &#8220;na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm&#8221; a &#8220;sm\u011brnic\u00ed&#8221; v pr\u00e1vu EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Za prv\u00e9, &#8220;na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed&#8221; je legislativn\u00ed akt, kter\u00fd se p\u0159\u00edmo aplikuje na \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, podniky a dal\u0161\u00ed subjekty v r\u00e1mci EU. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00e1 p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edmi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a v cel\u00e9 EU se tak uplat\u0148uj\u00ed jednotn\u00e1 pravidla. Kdy\u017e na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nabude \u00fa\u010dinnosti, v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU se tedy uplatn\u00ed stejn\u00fd regula\u010dn\u00ed obsah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, &#8220;sm\u011brnice&#8221; je legislativn\u00ed akt, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je koordinace a sjednocen\u00ed regula\u010dn\u00edho obsahu mezi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty EU. Sm\u011brnice v\u0161ak nejsou p\u0159\u00edmo aplikovateln\u00e9 na \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, ale vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd st\u00e1t p\u0159evedl obsah sm\u011brnice do sv\u00e9ho vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edho pr\u00e1va. Obvykle mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy vytvo\u0159eny nebo revidov\u00e1ny do t\u0159\u00ed let od publikace sm\u011brnice v \u00da\u0159edn\u00edm v\u011bstn\u00edku EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednou z charakteristik &#8220;sm\u011brnice&#8221; je, \u017ee p\u0159i p\u0159evodu do vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm p\u0159izn\u00e1na ur\u010dit\u00e1 diskre\u010dn\u00ed pravomoc, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee obsah pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f se m\u016f\u017ee mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty li\u0161it. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy zalo\u017een\u00e9 na &#8220;sm\u011brnici&#8221; nejsou v r\u00e1mci EU zcela sjednocen\u00e9 a mohou se mezi st\u00e1ty vyskytovat drobn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto kontextu byl z\u00e1kon o regulaci AI p\u0159ijat jako &#8220;na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed&#8221;. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee z\u00e1kon o regulaci AI se p\u0159\u00edmo vztahuje na podniky nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v r\u00e1mci EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/eu-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v Evrop\u011b: Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 body pr\u00e1va a pr\u00e1vn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu EU[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Regulace_umele_inteligence_a_jeji_extrateritorialni_aplikace_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>Regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a jej\u00ed extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_znamena_extrateritorialni_aplikace\"><\/span>Co znamen\u00e1 extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Term\u00edn &#8220;extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace&#8221; ozna\u010duje situaci, kdy z\u00e1kony vydan\u00e9 v jedn\u00e9 zemi jsou aplikov\u00e1ny i na \u010diny, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed mimo suver\u00e9nn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed t\u00e9to zem\u011b. Z\u00e1kladem pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace je globalizace ekonomiky a internacionalizace podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, s c\u00edlem zajistit spravedliv\u00e9 a \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch aktivit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>GDPR (Obecn\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o ochran\u011b osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f EU) je p\u0159\u00edkladem, kter\u00fd \u0161iroce zpopularizoval koncept extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace. GDPR se m\u016f\u017ee vztahovat i na podnikatele, kte\u0159\u00ed nemaj\u00ed z\u00e1kladnu v EU, pokud spl\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed krit\u00e9ria (extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb nebo zbo\u017e\u00ed osob\u00e1m v EU.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f s c\u00edlem sledovat chov\u00e1n\u00ed osob v EU.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee podnik mimo EU vys\u00edl\u00e1 sv\u00e9 zam\u011bstnance na slu\u017eebn\u00ed cestu do EU a b\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 souvisej\u00edc\u00ed osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje, bylo v roce 2020 (2020) v pokynech uvedeno, \u017ee se GDPR nevztahuje, a\u010dkoli p\u016fvodn\u011b byla extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace diskutov\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Extrateritorialni_aplikace_zakona_o_regulaci_AI_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>Extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>I v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI EU je extrateritori\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na pro podnikatele nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se mimo EU. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed podnikatel\u00e9 a aktivity jsou p\u0159edm\u011btem regulace:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Poskytovatel\u00e9 (Providers): Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed vyv\u00edjej\u00ed AI syst\u00e9my nebo GPAI modely, nebo ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed vyv\u00edjet AI syst\u00e9my nebo GPAI modely a uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed je na trh, nebo ti, kte\u0159\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed AI syst\u00e9my pod sv\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem nebo obchodn\u00ed zna\u010dkou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U\u017eivatel\u00e9 (Users): Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed AI syst\u00e9my pod svou autoritou (s v\u00fdjimkou osob, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed AI syst\u00e9my pro osobn\u00ed a nekomer\u010dn\u00ed aktivity).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dovozci (Importers): Dovozci se s\u00eddlem nebo zalo\u017een\u00ed v EU, kte\u0159\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed na trh EU AI syst\u00e9my ozna\u010den\u00e9 jm\u00e9nem nebo obchodn\u00ed zna\u010dkou fyzick\u00e9 nebo pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby zalo\u017een\u00e9 mimo EU.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Distributori (distributers): Fyzick\u00e9 nebo pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce a poskytuj\u00ed AI syst\u00e9my na trh EU, a to mimo poskytovatele a dovozce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak je uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, i podnikatel\u00e9 nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se mimo EU mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edmo pod\u0159\u00edzeni z\u00e1konu o regulaci AI EU, pokud prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed dod\u00e1vky, provoz, dovoz nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed AI syst\u00e9m\u016f nebo GPAI model\u016f v EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Charakteristiky_regulace_umele_inteligence_v_EU_Pristup_zalozeny_na_riziku\"><\/span>Charakteristiky regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence v EU: P\u0159\u00edstup zalo\u017een\u00fd na riziku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/6d7d772661bd64b7a72439ddce73b941.jpg\" alt=\"Charakteristiky regulace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence v EU: P\u0159\u00edstup zalo\u017een\u00fd na riziku\" class=\"wp-image-119449\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_rizikove_zalozeny_pristup\"><\/span>Co je to rizikov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednou z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rys\u016f EU AI Regulation (2021) je &#8220;regulace odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed obsahu a stupni rizika&#8221; (rizikov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Rizikov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup&#8221; ozna\u010duje metodu, kter\u00e1 upravuje intenzitu regulace na z\u00e1klad\u011b obsahu a stupn\u011b rizika. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup ur\u010duje p\u0159\u00edsnost regulace syst\u00e9m\u016f AI podle z\u00e1va\u017enosti rizik, kter\u00e1 mohou tyto syst\u00e9my p\u0159edstavovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b, syst\u00e9my AI s vysok\u00fdm rizikem podl\u00e9haj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed regulaci, zat\u00edmco syst\u00e9my s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm rizikem jsou regulov\u00e1ny m\u00e9n\u011b striktn\u011b. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se vyh\u00fdb\u00e1me nadm\u011brn\u00e9 regulaci syst\u00e9m\u016f s n\u00edzk\u00fdm rizikem a naopak zaji\u0161\u0165ujeme adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed dohled a spr\u00e1vu syst\u00e9m\u016f s vysok\u00fdm rizikem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AI_systemy_s_neprijatelnym_rizikem_podle_japonskeho_prava\"><\/span>AI syst\u00e9my s nep\u0159ijateln\u00fdm rizikem podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AI syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9 riziko, jsou obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za hrozbu pro lidi a jsou v z\u00e1sad\u011b zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad AI syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 manipuluj\u00ed s pozn\u00e1n\u00edm nebo chov\u00e1n\u00edm u\u017eivatel\u016f ze zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zraniteln\u00fdch skupin, jako jsou hra\u010dky s hlasov\u00fdm ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, spadaj\u00ed do t\u00e9to kategorie. D\u00e1le jsou zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny syst\u00e9my soci\u00e1ln\u00edho sk\u00f3rov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lidi klasifikuj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b chov\u00e1n\u00ed, socioekonomick\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed nebo osobn\u00edch charakteristik. Tak\u00e9 syst\u00e9my pro &#8216;re\u00e1ln\u00e9 a vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 biometrick\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8217;, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed technologie jako rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010deje a porovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed biometrick\u00e1 data \u010dlov\u011bka s referen\u010dn\u00ed datab\u00e1z\u00ed pro identifikaci osoby na d\u00e1lku, jsou v z\u00e1sad\u011b zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak v\u00fdjimky, kdy je pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto syst\u00e9m\u016f povoleno. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je pou\u017eit\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f pro re\u00e1ln\u00e9 vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 biometrick\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed povoleno pouze v omezen\u00e9m po\u010dtu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Na druhou stranu, syst\u00e9my pro biometrick\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed po ud\u00e1losti mohou b\u00fdt povoleny pouze s p\u0159edchoz\u00edm souhlasem soudu za \u00fa\u010delem st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdjimky, kdy je mo\u017en\u00e9 syst\u00e9my pou\u017e\u00edt, zahrnuj\u00ed hled\u00e1n\u00ed osob, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt ob\u011b\u0165mi trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, jako jsou poh\u0159e\u0161ovan\u00e9 d\u011bti, p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm a bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm hrozb\u00e1m pro lidsk\u00fd \u017eivot nebo t\u011blesnou bezpe\u010dnost nebo teroristick\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm, a detekci pachatel\u016f nebo podez\u0159el\u00fdch z v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f a ur\u010den\u00ed jejich polohy. Pro tyto v\u00fdjimky plat\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b z\u00e1sady p\u0159edchoz\u00edho soudn\u00edho povolen\u00ed, a vy\u017eaduje se opatrn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed AI syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vysokorizikove_AI_systemy_podle_japonskeho_prava\"><\/span>Vysokorizikov\u00e9 AI syst\u00e9my podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le jsou syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence (AI) klasifikov\u00e1ny jako vysokorizikov\u00e9, pokud mohou m\u00edt negativn\u00ed dopad na bezpe\u010dnost nebo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Tyto syst\u00e9my mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny, pokud spl\u0148uj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 po\u017eadavky a povinnosti (hodnocen\u00ed shody).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vysokorizikov\u00e9 AI syst\u00e9my jsou rozd\u011bleny do dvou hlavn\u00edch kategori\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed kategorie zahrnuje AI syst\u00e9my pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 ve v\u00fdrobc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy EU o bezpe\u010dnosti v\u00fdrobk\u016f, jako jsou hra\u010dky, letadla, automobily, zdravotnick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje a v\u00fdtahy. Druh\u00e1 kategorie zahrnuje AI syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jsou povinn\u011b registrov\u00e1ny v datab\u00e1z\u00edch EU a pat\u0159\u00ed do specifick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Tyto oblasti zahrnuj\u00ed spr\u00e1vu a provoz kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a odbornou p\u0159\u00edpravu, zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a spr\u00e1vu pracovn\u00edch sil, p\u0159\u00edstup k nezbytn\u00fdm ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m a v\u00fdhod\u00e1m, vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va, imigraci a azyl, spr\u00e1vu hranic a podporu interpretace a aplikace pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U vysokorizikov\u00fdch AI syst\u00e9m\u016f se vy\u017eaduje hodnocen\u00ed p\u0159ed uveden\u00edm na trh i b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu. Nav\u00edc je uzn\u00e1no pr\u00e1vo podat st\u00ed\u017enost na AI syst\u00e9m u ur\u010den\u00fdch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a vozidla, kter\u00e1 jsou z\u00e1kladem pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota a t\u011blesn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, spadaj\u00ed do kategorie vysokorizikov\u00fdch AI. Nap\u0159\u00edklad AI pro autonomn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vozidel m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1no za vysokorizikov\u00e9, a proto je po\u017eadov\u00e1no, aby japonsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed AI pro autonomn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pe\u010dliv\u011b zv\u00e1\u017eily, zda spl\u0148uj\u00ed po\u017eadavky pro vysokorizikov\u00e9 AI, a aby se na tuto skute\u010dnost n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b p\u0159ipravily p\u0159i expanzi na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed trhy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AI_systemy_s_omezenym_rizikem\"><\/span>AI syst\u00e9my s omezen\u00fdm rizikem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de AI syst\u00e9m\u016f s omezen\u00fdm rizikem, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed se rizika spojen\u00e1 s transparentnost\u00ed, zosobn\u011bn\u00edm, manipulac\u00ed a podvody. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o chatboty, deepfake a generativn\u00ed AI, kter\u00e9 podle n\u00e1zoru Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu spadaj\u00ed do t\u00e9to kategorie a tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu AI syst\u00e9m\u016f v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch. P\u0159\u00edklady zahrnuj\u00ed automatick\u00e9 p\u0159ekladov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, hern\u00ed konzole, roboty prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed opakovan\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed procesy a dokonce i AI syst\u00e9my typu &#8220;Eureka Machine&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U generativn\u00edho AI, a\u010dkoli nen\u00ed klasifikov\u00e1no jako vysoce rizikov\u00e9, jsou po\u017eadov\u00e1ny transparentnost a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f EU o autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed kroky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Jasn\u011b uv\u00e9st, \u017ee obsah byl vygenerov\u00e1n AI<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Navrhnout model tak, aby negeneroval neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed obsah<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zve\u0159ejnit p\u0159ehled o autorsky chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch datech pou\u017eit\u00fdch p\u0159i tr\u00e9nov\u00e1n\u00ed AI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le, u pokro\u010dil\u00fdch a vlivn\u00fdch obecn\u00fdch AI model\u016f, jako je &#8220;GPT-4&#8221;, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159in\u00e9st syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 rizika, je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no d\u016fkladn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdskytu v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch incident\u016f je nav\u00edc stanovena povinnost hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komisi. Krom\u011b toho, obsah vytvo\u0159en\u00fd nebo upraven\u00fd pomoc\u00ed AI (obr\u00e1zky, zvukov\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy, video soubory, deepfake atd.) mus\u00ed b\u00fdt jasn\u011b ozna\u010den jako vygenerovan\u00fd AI, aby u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohli tento obsah spr\u00e1vn\u011b identifikovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AI_systemy_s_minimalnim_rizikem\"><\/span>AI syst\u00e9my s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm rizikem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b, u AI syst\u00e9m\u016f s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm rizikem nejsou stanoveny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed regulace. Jako p\u0159\u00edklady lze uv\u00e9st spamov\u00e9 filtry nebo doporu\u010dovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my. V t\u00e9to kategorii se m\u00edsto regulac\u00ed podporuje vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed podle etick\u00fdch kodex\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pozadavky_a_povinnosti_pro_systemy_s_vysokym_rizikem_AI_podle_japonskeho_prava\"><\/span>Po\u017eadavky a povinnosti pro syst\u00e9my s vysok\u00fdm rizikem AI podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/10ec3c14ec8f0f35adbe1bfb295b40f8.jpg\" alt=\"Po\u017eadavky a povinnosti pro syst\u00e9my s vysok\u00fdm rizikem AI podle japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va\" class=\"wp-image-119447\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Povinnosti_poskytovatelu_uzivatelu_dovozcu_a_distributoru\"><\/span>Povinnosti poskytovatel\u016f, u\u017eivatel\u016f, dovozc\u016f a distributor\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho rozli\u0161en\u00ed jsou syst\u00e9my s vysok\u00fdm rizikem AI vzhledem k z\u00e1va\u017enosti jejich rizik podrobeny zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdm regulac\u00edm, a poskytovatel\u016fm i u\u017eivatel\u016fm jsou kladeny konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed povinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Za prv\u00e9, poskytovatel\u00e9, u\u017eivatel\u00e9, dovozci a distributo\u0159i jsou povinni vytvo\u0159it syst\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik (\u010dl\u00e1nek 9). To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee mus\u00ed identifikovat rizika inherentn\u00ed vysokorizikov\u00fdm AI syst\u00e9m\u016fm, spr\u00e1vn\u011b je \u0159\u00eddit a nav\u00edc syst\u00e9m dokumentovat a udr\u017eovat. Co se t\u00fd\u010de spr\u00e1vy dat (\u010dl\u00e1nek 10), je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed datov\u00fdch sad pro u\u010den\u00ed, ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed standardy kvality. To je nezbytn\u00e9, proto\u017ee kvalita a spolehlivost dat mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b \u0159\u00edzena ji\u017e ve f\u00e1zi v\u00fdvoje AI syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no vytvo\u0159en\u00ed technick\u00e9 dokumentace (\u010dl\u00e1nek 11). Tato technick\u00e1 dokumentace mus\u00ed obsahovat informace pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k prok\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee vysokorizikov\u00fd AI syst\u00e9m spl\u0148uje regula\u010dn\u00ed po\u017eadavky, a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ipravena tak, aby byla k dispozici p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm org\u00e1n\u016fm \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f nebo t\u0159et\u00edm stran\u00e1m pro certifikaci. Nav\u00edc je nutn\u00e9 navrhnout a vyvinout funkci logov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 automaticky zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 ud\u00e1losti b\u011bhem provozu AI syst\u00e9mu (\u010dl\u00e1nek 12). Vysokorizikov\u00e9 AI syst\u00e9my jsou tak\u00e9 povinn\u011b registrov\u00e1ny v datab\u00e1zi pod spr\u00e1vou EU p\u0159ed uveden\u00edm na trh, a poskytovatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za zaveden\u00ed a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kvality a jeho dokumentaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Povinnosti_poskytovatele\"><\/span>Povinnosti poskytovatele<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Poskytovatel\u00e9 jsou povinni uchov\u00e1vat technickou dokumentaci, dokumenty t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kvality, schv\u00e1len\u00ed nebo rozhodnut\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edch stran pro certifikaci a dal\u0161\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed dokumenty po dobu 10 let od uveden\u00ed na trh nebo zah\u00e1jen\u00ed provozu a na vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed je p\u0159edkl\u00e1dat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm dom\u00e1c\u00edm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm. Poskytovatel\u00e9 tak maj\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za dlouhodob\u00e9 udr\u017een\u00ed kvality a bezpe\u010dnosti AI syst\u00e9mu a za zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed transparentnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Povinnosti_uzivatele\"><\/span>Povinnosti u\u017eivatele<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b jsou na u\u017eivatele kladeny konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed povinnosti spojen\u00e9 s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm vysokorizikov\u00fdch AI syst\u00e9m\u016f. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 jsou povinni uchov\u00e1vat logy automaticky generovan\u00e9 vysokorizikov\u00fdm AI syst\u00e9mem po dobu, kter\u00e1 je vhodn\u00e1 vzhledem k zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010delu tohoto AI syst\u00e9mu, pokud nen\u00ed v pr\u00e1vu EU nebo pr\u00e1vu \u010dlensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu stanoveno jinak. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no uchov\u00e1n\u00ed alespo\u0148 po dobu \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho, pokud zam\u011bstnavatel, kter\u00fd je u\u017eivatelem, zah\u00e1j\u00ed provoz nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vysokorizikov\u00e9ho AI syst\u00e9mu na pracovi\u0161ti, je povinen p\u0159edem informovat z\u00e1stupce zam\u011bstnanc\u016f a zam\u011bstnance, kte\u0159\u00ed budou ovlivn\u011bni, o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto syst\u00e9mu. To je stanoveno z hlediska ochrany pr\u00e1v pracovn\u00edk\u016f a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed transparentnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto jsou na poskytovatele i u\u017eivatele kladeny p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky a povinnosti v souvislosti s vysokorizikov\u00fdmi AI syst\u00e9my. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159i manipulaci s pokro\u010dil\u00fdmi AI technologiemi, jako jsou zdravotnick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje nebo syst\u00e9my autonomn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vy\u017eadov\u00e1no prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed shody a revize t\u0159et\u00edmi stranami pro certifikaci, a to i s ohledem na soulad s existuj\u00edc\u00edmi regula\u010dn\u00edmi r\u00e1mci, co\u017e vy\u017eaduje, aby podnikatel\u00e9 jednali opatrn\u011b a pl\u00e1novit\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Postupne_zavadeni_zakona_o_regulaci_AI_v_Japonsku\"><\/span>Postupn\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v Japonsku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/9c31a8e538e2882c3aec3b1e4ebdc45f.jpg\" alt=\"Postupn\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v Japonsku\" class=\"wp-image-119448\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>EU z\u00e1kon o regulaci AI stanovuje harmonogram postupn\u00e9ho zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed od jeho vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed a\u017e po aplikaci. To vy\u017eaduje, aby podnikatel\u00e9 p\u0159ipravili a p\u0159izp\u016fsobili se ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1zi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12. \u010dervence 2024 (2024) byl z\u00e1kon o regulaci AI publikov\u00e1n ve st\u00e1tn\u00edm v\u011bstn\u00edku a n\u00e1sledn\u011b 1. srpna 2024 (2024) vstoupil v platnost. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi se od podnikatel\u016f vy\u017eaduje, aby se nejprve sezn\u00e1mili s obsahem regulace a zv\u00e1\u017eili jej\u00ed d\u016fsledky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u00fanora 2025 (2025) za\u010dnou platit ustanoven\u00ed o &#8220;obecn\u00fdch z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch&#8221; a &#8220;AI syst\u00e9mech s nep\u0159ijateln\u00fdm rizikem&#8221;. Pokud podnikatel\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed AI syst\u00e9my s nep\u0159ijateln\u00fdm rizikem, mus\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b zastavit jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le, 2. kv\u011btna 2025 (2025) budou publikov\u00e1ny praxe pro poskytovatele obecn\u00fdch AI model\u016f (GPAI). Podnikatel\u00e9 mus\u00ed jednat v souladu s t\u011bmito praxemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pot\u00e9, 2. srpna 2025 (2025), za\u010dnou platit ustanoven\u00ed o &#8220;GPAI modelech&#8221; a &#8220;sankc\u00edch&#8221;, a v ka\u017ed\u00e9m \u010dlensk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b budou jmenov\u00e1ny p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi mus\u00ed poskytovatel\u00e9 GPAI model\u016f dodr\u017eovat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u00fanora 2026 (2026) budou publikov\u00e1ny sm\u011brnice t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se metod implementace AI syst\u00e9m\u016f podle z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI. Sou\u010dasn\u011b bude povinn\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed AI syst\u00e9m\u016f s vysok\u00fdm rizikem po uveden\u00ed na trh a vy\u017eaduje se odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed organiza\u010dn\u00ed struktura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le, 2. srpna 2026 (2026), za\u010dnou platit ustanoven\u00ed o &#8220;AI syst\u00e9mech s vysok\u00fdm rizikem&#8221; uveden\u00fdch v p\u0159\u00edloze III. V tomto okam\u017eiku mus\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty z\u0159\u00eddit regula\u010dn\u00ed sandboxy pro AI a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f pro tyto AI syst\u00e9my s vysok\u00fdm rizikem se st\u00e1v\u00e1 povinn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nakonec, 2. srpna 2027 (2027), za\u010dnou platit ustanoven\u00ed o &#8220;AI syst\u00e9mech s vysok\u00fdm rizikem&#8221; uveden\u00fdch v p\u0159\u00edloze I. T\u00edm se dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f pro AI syst\u00e9my definovan\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edloze I st\u00e1v\u00e1 povinn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Takto bude z\u00e1kon o regulaci AI postupn\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bn v pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u011bkolika let a regulace odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enosti rizika budou postupn\u011b aplikov\u00e1ny. Podnikatel\u00e9 mus\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b ch\u00e1pat ka\u017ed\u00e9 obdob\u00ed aplikace a postupovat v souladu s po\u017eadavky na AI syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/ai-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jak\u00fd je sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav a v\u00fdhled z\u00e1kona o regulaci AI v EU? Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed tak\u00e9 dopadu na japonsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Predstaveni_opatreni_nasi_kancelare\"><\/span>P\u0159edstaven\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolith je pr\u00e1vn\u00ed firma s bohat\u00fdmi zku\u0161enostmi v oblasti IT, zejm\u00e9na internetu a pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s AI je spojeno s mnoha pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi riziky a podpora advok\u00e1t\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se specializuj\u00ed na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed probl\u00e9my souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s AI, je nezbytn\u00e1. Na\u0161e kancel\u00e1\u0159 poskytuje sofistikovanou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podporu pro AI podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b ChatGPT, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u00fdmu advok\u00e1t\u016f a in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou odborn\u00edky na AI. Nab\u00edz\u00edme slu\u017eby jako tvorba smluv, posouzen\u00ed legality obchodn\u00edch model\u016f, ochrana du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ot\u00e1zek soukrom\u00ed. Podrobnosti naleznete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oblasti pr\u00e1va, kter\u00fdmi se Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Monolith zab\u00fdv\u00e1: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/artificial-intelligence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed slu\u017eby AI (v\u010detn\u011b ChatGPT atd.)[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dne 12. \u010dervence 2024 byl v EU vyhl\u00e1\u0161en \u201eZ\u00e1kon o regulaci um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence (EU AI Act)\u201c, kter\u00fd nabyl \u00fa\u010dinnosti 1. srpna t\u00e9ho\u017e roku.Tento z\u00e1kon reguluje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":66264,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[77,42,19],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66047"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66047"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66047\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66265,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66047\/revisions\/66265"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}