{"id":61138,"date":"2023-12-04T11:16:40","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T02:16:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/?p=61138"},"modified":"2024-03-20T12:27:32","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T03:27:32","slug":"twitter-screenshot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot","title":{"rendered":"Twitter Ekran G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc Al\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali mi Yapar? Reiwa 5 Y\u0131l\u0131 (2023) Karar\u0131n\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eserini kullanmak i\u00e7in, genellikle, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinden kullan\u0131m izni alman\u0131z gerekmektedir. Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eserini izinsiz olarak \u00e7o\u011faltmak veya halka a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde yay\u0131nlamak, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin \u00e7o\u011faltma ve halka a\u00e7\u0131k yay\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmek anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, telif hakk\u0131 kanununa g\u00f6re yasal bir &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221; durumunda, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin onay\u0131 olmadan telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Peki, ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n tweet&#8217;ini ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc (screenshot) ile al\u0131nt\u0131 yaparak tweetlemek telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olur mu? Bu konuda bir i\u00e7tihat bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinci derece mahkeme (Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, Reiwa 3 y\u0131l\u0131 (2021) 10 Aral\u0131k karar\u0131) Twitter&#8217;da ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc al\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 ihlali oldu\u011funa karar veren mahkemenin karar\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Ancak, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 (Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131) 13 Nisan&#8217;da temyiz mahkemesi (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi karar\u0131) tam tersi bir karar vermi\u015f ve dikkatleri \u00fczerine \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burada, Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131 (2023) 13 Nisan tarihli Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n ana noktalar\u0131 ve internet \u00fczerindeki eser al\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na dikkat edilmesi gereken noktalar hakk\u0131nda bir avukat a\u00e7\u0131klama yapacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#Twitter_Ekran_Goruntusu_Eklemek_Telif_Hakki_Ihlali_mi\" title=\"Twitter Ekran G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc Eklemek Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali mi?\">Twitter Ekran G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc Eklemek Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali mi?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#Telif_Hakki_Ihlali_Kabul_Edilen_Ilk_Derece_Mahkemesi_Tokyo_Bolge_Mahkemesi_Karari\" title=\"Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali Kabul Edilen \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi (Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi) Karar\u0131\">Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali Kabul Edilen \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi (Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi) Karar\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_1%E3%80%91_%E2%80%98Hak_Ihlali_Ile_Ilgili_Bilgi%E2%80%99_Uygunlugu\" title=\"\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 1\u3011 &#8216;Hak \u0130hlali \u0130le \u0130lgili Bilgi&#8217; Uygunlu\u011fu\">\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 1\u3011 &#8216;Hak \u0130hlali \u0130le \u0130lgili Bilgi&#8217; Uygunlu\u011fu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_2%E3%80%91_Hak_Ihlalinin_Acikligi\" title=\"\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 2\u3011 Hak \u0130hlalinin A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131\">\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 2\u3011 Hak \u0130hlalinin A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#Temyiz_Mahkemesi%E2%80%99nin_Fikri_Mulkiyet_Yuksek_Mahkemesi_Karari_Telif_Hakki_Ihlali_Kabul_Edilmedi\" title=\"Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi) Karar\u0131: Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali Kabul Edilmedi\">Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi) Karar\u0131: Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali Kabul Edilmedi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_1%E3%80%91_%E2%80%9CHak_Ihlali_Ile_Ilgili_Gonderici_Bilgileri%E2%80%9D_Uygunlugu\" title=\"\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 1\u3011 &#8220;Hak \u0130hlali \u0130le \u0130lgili G\u00f6nderici Bilgileri&#8221; Uygunlu\u011fu\">\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 1\u3011 &#8220;Hak \u0130hlali \u0130le \u0130lgili G\u00f6nderici Bilgileri&#8221; Uygunlu\u011fu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_2%E3%80%91_Hak_Ihlalinin_Acikligi-2\" title=\"\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 2\u3011 Hak \u0130hlalinin A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131\">\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 2\u3011 Hak \u0130hlalinin A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#%E2%80%9CAlinti%E2%80%9Dnin_%E2%80%9CAdil_Uygulama%E2%80%9D_Anlami_Nedir_Kararin_Anlami_ve_Etkisi\" title=\"&#8220;Al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221;n\u0131n &#8220;Adil Uygulama&#8221; Anlam\u0131 Nedir? Karar\u0131n Anlam\u0131 ve Etkisi\">&#8220;Al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221;n\u0131n &#8220;Adil Uygulama&#8221; Anlam\u0131 Nedir? Karar\u0131n Anlam\u0131 ve Etkisi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#Alinti_ve_Aktarim_Arasindaki_Fark\" title=\"Al\u0131nt\u0131 ve Aktar\u0131m Aras\u0131ndaki Fark\">Al\u0131nt\u0131 ve Aktar\u0131m Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#Is_Dunyasinda_Sosyal_Medya_Kullaniminin_Dikkat_Edilmesi_Gereken_Noktalari\" title=\"\u0130\u015f D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Sosyal Medya Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Noktalar\u0131\">\u0130\u015f D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Sosyal Medya Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Noktalar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#Sonuc_Internet_Uzerindeki_Telif_Hakki_Ihlalleri_Icin_Avukata_Danisin\" title=\"Sonu\u00e7: \u0130nternet \u00dczerindeki Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlalleri \u0130\u00e7in Avukata Dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\">Sonu\u00e7: \u0130nternet \u00dczerindeki Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlalleri \u0130\u00e7in Avukata Dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/twitter-screenshot\/#Hukuk_Buromuzun_Sundugu_Cozumler\" title=\"Hukuk B\u00fcromuzun Sundu\u011fu \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler\">Hukuk B\u00fcromuzun Sundu\u011fu \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Twitter_Ekran_Goruntusu_Eklemek_Telif_Hakki_Ihlali_mi\"><\/span>Twitter Ekran G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc Eklemek Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali mi?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Shutterstock_2282269615.jpg\" alt=\"Olay\u0131n Arka Plan\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-60751\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Olay\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n, 18 Mart 2021&#8217;den 21 Mart 2021&#8217;e kadar Twitter&#8217;da kendi tweetlerinin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn (screenshot) eklenmesinin telif hakk\u0131 ihlali oldu\u011funu iddia etmesiydi. Bu nedenle davac\u0131, NTT Docomo&#8217;yu daval\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ti ve &#8216;Japon \u0130nternet Servis Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 Sorumluluk S\u0131n\u0131rlama Yasas\u0131&#8217; Madde 4, F\u0131kra 1&#8217;e dayanarak, anonim g\u00f6nderenin kimli\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in bilgi if\u015fa talebinde bulundu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu olayda tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olan noktalar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ekleyip tweet atman\u0131n &#8216;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8217; say\u0131l\u0131p say\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ayr\u0131ca, bu t\u00fcr tweetlerin &#8216;adil uygulama&#8217;ya uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>noktalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinci derece mahkeme olan Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi&#8217;nin karar\u0131nda (Reiwa 3 y\u0131l\u0131, 2021, 10 Aral\u0131k), ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc (screenshot) eklemek suretiyle al\u0131nt\u0131 yapman\u0131n, Twitter&#8217;\u0131n retweet \u00f6zelli\u011fini kullanmadan Twitter kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi ve adil uygulamaya uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131 Madde 32, F\u0131kra 1&#8217;de belirtilen al\u0131nt\u0131 gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek telif hakk\u0131 ihlali kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, daval\u0131 olan NTT Docomo \u015eirketi temyiz etmi\u015ftir. Temyiz Mahkemesi olan Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin karar\u0131nda (Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131, 2023, 13 Nisan), &#8220;Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc eklemek \u015feklindeki al\u0131nt\u0131 y\u00f6nteminin de, Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131 Madde 32, F\u0131kra 1&#8217;de belirtilen adil uygulamaya uygun olabilece\u011fi&#8221; belirtilmi\u015f ve s\u00f6z konusu g\u00f6nderinin telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair tamamen z\u0131t bir karar verilmi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, g\u00f6nderenin bilgilerinin if\u015fa edilmesi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015ftir. (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131, 2023, 13 Nisan karar\u0131)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc (screenshot) eklemek suretiyle al\u0131nt\u0131 yapman\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda, Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ge\u00e7erli al\u0131nt\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 kararlar veren her iki mahkemenin kararlar\u0131n\u0131, ana noktalar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Telif_Hakki_Ihlali_Kabul_Edilen_Ilk_Derece_Mahkemesi_Tokyo_Bolge_Mahkemesi_Karari\"><\/span>Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali Kabul Edilen \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi (Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi) Karar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk derece Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi karar\u0131nda (Reiwa 3 y\u0131l\u0131, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 10 Aral\u0131k), ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n tweet&#8217;lerinin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn (screenshot) eklenerek payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, resmi RT (retweet) \u00f6zelli\u011fi kullan\u0131lmadan ve Twitter kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve adil bir uygulama olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen al\u0131nt\u0131 gerekliliklerini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olarak kabul edildi ve dava a\u00e7an taraf\u0131n bilgi if\u015fa talebi kabul edildi ve dava kazan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, ilk derece mahkemesi (Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi) taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen tart\u0131\u015fma noktalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_1%E3%80%91_%E2%80%98Hak_Ihlali_Ile_Ilgili_Bilgi%E2%80%99_Uygunlugu\"><\/span>\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 1\u3011 &#8216;Hak \u0130hlali \u0130le \u0130lgili Bilgi&#8217; Uygunlu\u011fu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk derece mahkemesinde, \u0130nternet Servis Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 Sorumluluk S\u0131n\u0131rlama Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 4. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen &#8216;hak ihlali ile ilgili bilgi&#8217;ye uygun oldu\u011funa karar verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bilgi if\u015fa talep hakk\u0131n\u0131n gereklilikleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>Hak ihlalinin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bilginin if\u015fa edilmesi i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli bir neden<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_2%E3%80%91_Hak_Ihlalinin_Acikligi\"><\/span>\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 2\u3011 Hak \u0130hlalinin A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle, ilk derece mahkemesinde, davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisi i\u00e7in, yap\u0131da bir yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k oldu\u011fu ve ifade i\u00e7eri\u011finde bir ki\u015filik oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden &#8216;eser niteli\u011fi&#8217; kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Eser, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce veya duygular\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ifade edildi\u011fi ve edebiyat, akademi, sanat veya m\u00fczik alan\u0131na ait olan bir \u015feyi ifade eder.<\/p>\n<cite>Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 2. maddesi 1. f\u0131kras\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha sonra, al\u0131nt\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak, Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen al\u0131nt\u0131 gerekliliklerini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, her bir gereklilik i\u00e7in ilk derece mahkemede yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeyi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gereklilik \u2460: Adil bir uygulama m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2192 Adil bir uygulama olarak kabul edilemez<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun nedeni olarak, kararda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi belirtildi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Bu dava kapsam\u0131ndaki her bir g\u00f6nderi, davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisinin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc bir resim olarak ekledi\u011fi yerde, (ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131) Twitter&#8217;\u0131n kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131, Twitter \u00fczerindeki i\u00e7eri\u011fin kopyalanmas\u0131, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, bunlara dayal\u0131 t\u00fcrev eserlerin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 vb. durumlar\u0131nda, Twitter&#8217;\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aray\u00fcz ve prosed\u00fcrlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtir ve Twitter, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fini al\u0131nt\u0131lamak i\u00e7in bir prosed\u00fcr olarak retweet y\u00f6ntemini belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu durumda, bu dava kapsam\u0131ndaki her bir g\u00f6nderi, yukar\u0131daki kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, yukar\u0131daki prosed\u00fcr\u00fc kullanmadan, davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisinin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc alarak Twitter&#8217;a y\u00fckledi\u011fi kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle, bu dava kapsam\u0131ndaki her bir g\u00f6nderinin, yukar\u0131daki kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu kabul edilmesi uygun olup, bu dava kapsam\u0131ndaki her bir g\u00f6nderide davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisini al\u0131nt\u0131layarak kullanman\u0131n, adil bir uygulama olarak kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n<cite>Reiwa 3 y\u0131l\u0131 (2021) 10 Aral\u0131k karar\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Gereklilik \u2461: Al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 do\u011frultusunda uygun bir kapsamda m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2192 Al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 do\u011frultusunda uygun bir kapsamda oldu\u011funu kabul edilemez<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Neden)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc (screenshot) resmi, hem nicelik hem de nitelik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ana b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olu\u015fturur. Yani, al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ana-ikincil ili\u015fkisi tersine d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f bir eser, al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131larak kullan\u0131labilir. Bu durumda, al\u0131nt\u0131, adil bir uygulama olmal\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca, haber, ele\u015ftiri, ara\u015ft\u0131rma veya di\u011fer al\u0131nt\u0131 ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda uygun bir kapsamda yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<cite>Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesi 1. f\u0131kras\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;na g\u00f6re &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221; olarak kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u2460\uff5e\u2463 numaral\u0131 4 gereklili\u011fi t\u00fcm\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131lamak gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460 Yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f bir eser olmas\u0131 (yay\u0131n gereklili\u011fi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461 Al\u0131nt\u0131ya uygun olmas\u0131 (al\u0131nt\u0131 gereklili\u011fi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasal bir &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221;, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gereklilikleri kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Ana-ikincil ili\u015fkinin a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131nt\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011ferlerinden net bir \u015fekilde ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 (net ayr\u0131m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>(Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme Karar\u0131: Geleneksel \u0130ki Gereklilik Teorisi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Al\u0131nt\u0131 yapma gereklili\u011fi olmas\u0131 (zorunluluk \/ minimum gerekli)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kayna\u011f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 (isim g\u00f6sterme hakk\u0131)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>De\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 (ayn\u0131l\u0131k koruma hakk\u0131 | Uygulaman\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re karar verilen durumlar vard\u0131r)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462 Adil bir uygulama olmas\u0131 (adil uygulama gereklili\u011fi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Eserin ait oldu\u011fu alan veya yay\u0131nlanan medya vb. g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adil bir uygulama kurulmam\u0131\u015f olsa bile, ilgili al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n toplum normlar\u0131na uygun bir y\u00f6ntem vb. ile kabul edilebilir oldu\u011fu durumlar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2463 Haber, ele\u015ftiri, ara\u015ft\u0131rma veya di\u011fer al\u0131nt\u0131 ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda uygun bir kapsamda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 (uygun kapsam gereklili\u011fi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131 amac\u0131&#8221; ile ili\u015fkisi i\u00e7inde &#8220;uygun bir kapsamda&#8221; yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir de\u011ferlendirme, genel olarak dikkate al\u0131narak yap\u0131l\u0131r. (Genel De\u011ferlendirme Teorisi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Al\u0131nt\u0131 amac\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve me\u015fruiyeti<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131nt\u0131 amac\u0131 ve al\u0131nt\u0131lanan eser aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131nt\u0131lanan eserin kapsam\u0131 ve miktar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131nt\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi ve bi\u00e7imi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin al\u0131nt\u0131dan elde edece\u011fi fayda ve al\u0131nt\u0131lanan taraf\u0131n maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131n derecesi vb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunlarla birlikte, ilk derece mahkemesi, davac\u0131n\u0131n bu dava kapsam\u0131ndaki bilgilerin if\u015fa edilmesi i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli bir nedeni oldu\u011funa karar verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lgili Makale: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/screenshot-quote-on-twitter#%E3%82%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%9A%EF%BC%88%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E3%83%84%E3%82%A4%EF%BC%89%E7%AD%89%E3%81%AE%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA%E3%81%8C%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%A8%A9%E4%BE%B5%E5%AE%B3%E3%81%AB%E8%A9%B2%E5%BD%93%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%81%8B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Twitter&#8217;da ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n tweet&#8217;ini ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc (screenshot) al\u0131nt\u0131 yapmak telif hakk\u0131 ihlali mi?[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temyiz_Mahkemesi%E2%80%99nin_Fikri_Mulkiyet_Yuksek_Mahkemesi_Karari_Telif_Hakki_Ihlali_Kabul_Edilmedi\"><\/span>Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi) Karar\u0131: Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlali Kabul Edilmedi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi karar\u0131nda (Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131 (2023), 13 Nisan), itiraz eden NTT Docomo \u015eirketi&#8217;nin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. &#8220;Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc eklemek gibi bir al\u0131nt\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi, Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen adil uygulamaya uygun olabilir&#8221; ifadesiyle al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n olas\u0131 kabul\u00fcn\u00fc ve telif hakk\u0131 ihlalinin a\u00e7\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015f, g\u00f6nderici bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmemi\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece g\u00f6ndericiyi belirleyip dava a\u00e7ma imkan\u0131 ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi) tart\u0131\u015fma noktalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_1%E3%80%91_%E2%80%9CHak_Ihlali_Ile_Ilgili_Gonderici_Bilgileri%E2%80%9D_Uygunlugu\"><\/span>\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 1\u3011 &#8220;Hak \u0130hlali \u0130le \u0130lgili G\u00f6nderici Bilgileri&#8221; Uygunlu\u011fu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu konuda, Temyiz Mahkemesi de, ilk derece mahkemesi gibi, Japon \u0130nternet Servis Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 Sorumluluk S\u0131n\u0131rlama Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 4. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen &#8220;hak ihlali ile ilgili g\u00f6nderici bilgileri&#8221;ne uygun oldu\u011funa karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E3%80%90Tartisma_Noktasi_2%E3%80%91_Hak_Ihlalinin_Acikligi-2\"><\/span>\u3010Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktas\u0131 2\u3011 Hak \u0130hlalinin A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nde de, ilk derece mahkemesi gibi, davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisinin telif hakk\u0131 niteli\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun \u00fczerine, al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilip edilmeyece\u011fi konusunda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi karar verilmi\u015ftir. Al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n gerekliliklerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya al\u0131nt\u0131 yapma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisinin X&#8217;in telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n<cite>Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131 (2023) 13 Nisan Karar\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eart \u2460: Adil bir uygulama m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc eklemek gibi bir al\u0131nt\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi, Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen adil uygulamaya uygun olabilir.<\/p>\n<cite>Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131 (2023) 13 Nisan Karar\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>(Gerek\u00e7e)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Temyiz eden NTT Docomo \u015eirketi, &#8220;\u00d6zel hukuk \u00e7er\u00e7evesindeki taraflar aras\u0131ndaki anla\u015fma olan bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin, telif hakk\u0131 yasas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde &#8216;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8217;ya uygunluk de\u011ferlendirmesi i\u00e7in &#8216;adil uygulama&#8217; ile do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131&#8221; belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk derece mahkemesinin karar\u0131, genel olarak kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olabilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc eylemin &#8216;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8217;ya uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yorumunu \u00e7\u0131karabilecek bir karard\u0131r ve bu kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmede, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc kullanarak g\u00f6nderi yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yasaklayan bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Aksine, ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc kullanarak g\u00f6nderi yapma, Twitter kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n bir uygulamad\u0131r ve Twitter \u015firketinin, bu t\u00fcr g\u00f6nderilerin bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir eylem oldu\u011funu kabul etti\u011fi kesin de\u011fildir.&#8221; \u015feklinde savunma yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, bu savunmay\u0131 neredeyse tamamen kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;\u00d6ncelikle, bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme asl\u0131nda Twitter \u015firketi ile kullan\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki bir anla\u015fmad\u0131r ve i\u00e7eri\u011fi, telif hakk\u0131 yasas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair de\u011ferlendirme s\u0131ras\u0131nda incelenmesi gereken adil uygulaman\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, ba\u015fka bir tweet&#8217;in ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ekleyerek tweet atma eyleminin bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu kabul etmek i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer yandan, ele\u015ftiri yaparken, ele\u015ftiri konusu olan tweet&#8217;i g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in al\u0131nt\u0131 retweet \u00f6zelli\u011fini kullanabilirsiniz, ancak bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, orijinal tweet de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011finde veya silindi\u011finde, bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi kullanan tweet&#8217;teki i\u00e7erik de de\u011fi\u015fir ve ele\u015ftirinin amac\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde anlamak veya uygunlu\u011funu de\u011ferlendirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilir. Ancak, orijinal tweet&#8217;in ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ekleyerek tweet atarsan\u0131z, bu t\u00fcr bir riski \u00f6nleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n t\u00fcm ba\u011flam\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ba\u015fka bir tweet&#8217;in ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ekleyerek tweet atma eyleminin, Twitter&#8217;da \u00e7ok say\u0131da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bir eylem oldu\u011fu kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki t\u00fcm noktalar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurdu\u011fumuzda, ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc eklemek gibi bir al\u0131nt\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi, Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen adil uygulamaya uygun olabilir.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131 (2023) 13 Nisan Karar\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eart \u2461: Al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 do\u011frultusunda uygun bir kapsamda m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2192 Eklenme \u015fekline g\u00f6re a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131na g\u00f6re uygun bir kapsamda<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nde, bu davan\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisinin iftira niteli\u011fi hakk\u0131nda, &#8220;davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisi toplum taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilebilir bir kapsamda ele\u015ftiri olarak kabul edilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu davan\u0131n her bir g\u00f6nderisinin X&#8217;e kar\u015f\u0131 iftira oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kabul edilemez.&#8221; \u015feklinde bir karar verilmi\u015ftir ve bu davan\u0131n g\u00f6nderici bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 talebi, telif hakk\u0131 ihlali ve iftira olmak \u00fczere her iki hak ihlali a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kabul edilemez ve gerek\u00e7esi yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Al\u0131nt\u0131: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courts.go.jp\/app\/files\/hanrei_jp\/019\/092019_hanrei.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi Reiwa 5 y\u0131l\u0131 (2023) 13 Nisan Karar\u0131[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CAlinti%E2%80%9Dnin_%E2%80%9CAdil_Uygulama%E2%80%9D_Anlami_Nedir_Kararin_Anlami_ve_Etkisi\"><\/span>&#8220;Al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221;n\u0131n &#8220;Adil Uygulama&#8221; Anlam\u0131 Nedir? Karar\u0131n Anlam\u0131 ve Etkisi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Shutterstock_1160948584.jpg\" alt=\"Karar\u0131n Anlam\u0131 ve Etkisi\" class=\"wp-image-60749\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Twitter ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc al\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin telif hakk\u0131 ihlali davalar\u0131nda, telif hakk\u0131 yasas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nt\u0131 gereksinimleri olan &#8220;adil uygulaman\u0131n yorumu ve tan\u0131nmas\u0131&#8221; b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eu anda Twitter&#8217;\u0131n resmi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc belirsiz olsa da, Twitter ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc al\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n mutlaka telif hakk\u0131 ihlali oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir, bu Japonya&#8217;n\u0131n Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin karar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu karar, ba\u015fka bir olay\u0131n Twitter ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc al\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin yay\u0131n bilgilerinin if\u015fa edilmesi talebi davas\u0131 ile uyumludur, Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi karar\u0131 (Reiwa 4 (2022) 2 Kas\u0131m karar\u0131 | Reiwa 4 (2022) 26 Aral\u0131k karar\u0131 | Reiwa 5 (2023) 17 Nisan karar\u0131).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Her iki durumda da, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n tweetlerinin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini ekleyerek g\u00f6nderilen tweetler nedeniyle telif hakk\u0131 ihlali tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131, Twitter&#8217;\u0131n kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131 veya politikalar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda adil uygulama iddias\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu dava ve di\u011fer Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark, sorunlu telif hakk\u0131 eserinin &#8220;tweet metni&#8221; mi yoksa &#8220;hesap profil resmi (ikon)&#8221; mi oldu\u011fu, ancak politika ihlali nedeniyle adil uygulamaya uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 karar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fi (yani, yasal bir al\u0131nt\u0131 oldu\u011fu) sonu\u00e7tur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Twitter&#8217;\u0131n &#8220;Telif Hakk\u0131 Politikas\u0131&#8221;nda da, Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n Dijital Milenyum Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131 (DMCA) temelinde telif hakk\u0131 eserlerinin Adil Kullan\u0131m (Fair Use) hukuki kavram\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, internet \u00fczerindeki ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc al\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, her durumda telif hakk\u0131 yasas\u0131na uygun bir al\u0131nt\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermek gerekti\u011fine dikkat etmek \u00f6nemlidir. Telif hakk\u0131 yasas\u0131nda &#8220;yasal al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221; olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in, 32. maddede belirli gereklilikler belirtilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, gereklilikler hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar sona ermedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 eserlerini kullanmak istedi\u011finizde, genellikle telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin iznini alman\u0131z gerekir. Ancak, telif hakk\u0131 yasas\u0131n\u0131n 1. maddesinde belirtilen &#8220;telif hakk\u0131 eserlerinin adil kullan\u0131m\u0131&#8221; perspektifinden, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin izni olmadan telif hakk\u0131 eserlerini kullanabilece\u011finiz telif hakk\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 ayn\u0131 yasan\u0131n 30. maddesinden 49. maddesine kadar belirtilmi\u015ftir. Al\u0131nt\u0131, bunlardan biridir (ayn\u0131 yasa, madde 32).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6zel hesaplar veya orijinal tweetlerde &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131 yasakt\u0131r&#8221; gibi ifadeler olabilir, ancak bu t\u00fcr ifadelerin al\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n yasall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen hukuki bir anlam\u0131 yoktur. Bu nedenle, telif hakk\u0131 sahibi al\u0131nt\u0131 eylemini yasaklasa bile, al\u0131nt\u0131 eylemi telif hakk\u0131 yasas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221; olarak kabul edildi\u011fi s\u00fcrece, bu al\u0131nt\u0131 eylemi yasald\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alinti_ve_Aktarim_Arasindaki_Fark\"><\/span>Al\u0131nt\u0131 ve Aktar\u0131m Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u00d6te yandan, &#8220;aktar\u0131m yasakt\u0131r&#8221; \u015feklinde bir ifade varsa, dikkatli olman\u0131z gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Aktar\u0131m&#8221; ve &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221; aras\u0131ndaki fark, &#8220;kendi eserinizin di\u011fer ki\u015finin eserine oran\u0131&#8221; ve &#8220;telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin izninin gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi&#8221; noktalar\u0131nda yatar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma oran\u0131 ili\u015fkisinde, al\u0131nt\u0131lanan taraf (kendi eseriniz) kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nt\u0131lanan taraf (ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eseri) a\u011f\u0131r bas\u0131yorsa, bu durum &#8220;al\u0131nt\u0131&#8221; de\u011fil &#8220;aktar\u0131m&#8221; olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Aktar\u0131m&#8221; durumunda, yasaklama ifadesi varsa, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin izni mutlaka gereklidir. \u0130zinsiz aktar\u0131m durumunda, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin \u00e7o\u011faltma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmi\u015f olursunuz, bu y\u00fczden dikkatli olman\u0131z gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yarg\u0131tay&#8217;\u0131n karar\u0131nda (Reiwa 2 y\u0131l\u0131 21 Temmuz karar\u0131 (2020)), Twitter&#8217;da ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n resmini izinsiz olarak y\u00fckleyen bir tweeti retweetledi\u011finizde, resim otomatik olarak k\u0131rp\u0131l\u0131r ve resimde yer alan telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin ad\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez hale gelirse, retweet yapan ki\u015fi telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin &#8220;ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterme hakk\u0131&#8221;n\u0131 ihlal etmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu dava, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin, yazar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi\u011fi bir resmin izinsiz aktar\u0131m tweeti ve bu tweeti retweetleyen hesaplar hakk\u0131nda, telif hakk\u0131 ihlali nedeniyle yay\u0131nc\u0131 bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yarg\u0131tay, Twitter sistemi \u00fczerinde bir tweeti retweetlerken veya bir thumbnail resmi otomatik olarak k\u0131rp\u0131l\u0131p orijinal resmin (yazar\u0131n ad\u0131) g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece t\u0131klamad\u0131k\u00e7a (dokunmad\u0131k\u00e7a), yazar\u0131n &#8220;ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterme hakk\u0131&#8221;n\u0131 ihlal etmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r ve telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin Twitter&#8217;a kar\u015f\u0131 yay\u0131nc\u0131 bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 talebi kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130zin al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olsa bile, orijinal tweette yazar\u0131n ad\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa, ad\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez hale gelecek \u015fekilde bir k\u0131rpma i\u015flemi yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, Twitter gibi uygulamalar\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini su\u00e7lamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir kurald\u0131r. E\u011fer orijinal yazar\u0131n ad\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez hale gelirse, kayna\u011f\u0131 belirtmek, yasal al\u0131nt\u0131 kural\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131nda, Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 19. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilir olabilece\u011fi halde, duru\u015fman\u0131n konusu olmadan bir sonuca var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu karar\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funa dikkat etmek gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pratikte, her durumda, Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 19. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131na dayal\u0131 bir inceleme de gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Is_Dunyasinda_Sosyal_Medya_Kullaniminin_Dikkat_Edilmesi_Gereken_Noktalari\"><\/span>\u0130\u015f D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Sosyal Medya Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Noktalar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Shutterstock_1909355917.jpg\" alt=\"\u0130\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda sosyal medya kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n dikkat edilmesi gereken noktalar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-60750\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Son y\u0131llarda, bir\u00e7ok \u015firket i\u015flerinde Sosyal Medya (Twitter, Instagram, LINE, Facebook, WordPress, YouTube, Bloglar vb.) kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sosyal medya platformlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Twitter, \u00f6zellikle yay\u0131lma potansiyeli nedeniyle, bir konu pop\u00fcler oldu\u011funda h\u0131zla bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin dikkatini \u00e7eker. Ancak, sosyal medyan\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131m\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir. Sosyal medyan\u0131n hem kolayl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hem de tehlikelerini anlamak ve buna g\u00f6re kullanmak gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Resim yay\u0131nlarken, ki\u015finin portre haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etme riski de vard\u0131r. Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 izinsiz kullanmak, portre haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eder. Ayr\u0131ca, bireyin belirlenebilece\u011fi foto\u011fraflar da kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kendi foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 profil resmi veya ba\u015fka bir yerde yay\u0131nlarken, hak ihlali riskini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurman\u0131z gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lgili Makale: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/portraitrights-onthe-internet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Portre Haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlali Durumunda Tazminat Talebi Kriterleri ve S\u00fcreci[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Telif haklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin standartlar, kurumlar ve bireyler aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmez, ancak bir kurulu\u015fun yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirlendi\u011finde, toplumsal zarar da b\u00fcy\u00fck olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eirketlerin sosyal medyay\u0131 kullan\u0131rken dikkat etmeleri gereken noktalar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u015firketin Twitter hesab\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netirken, ad g\u00f6sterme hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etme riskini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf\u0131n \u015firketle ilgili bir tweet&#8217;inde bir resim bulunuyorsa, bu tweet&#8217;i retweet etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken, ilgili resmin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek ve telif hakk\u0131 sahibinin onay\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in \u00f6nceden kontrol yapmak \u00f6nemlidir. Kontrol edilemiyorsa, retweet yapmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak daha iyidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Resim tweetlerken, resmin haklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek ve haklar\u0131 belirsiz olan resimleri kullanmamak \u00f6nemlidir. E\u011fer bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf\u0131n ekledi\u011fi bir resmin ad g\u00f6sterme hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi belirtilirse, hemen bir avukata dan\u0131\u015f\u0131p durumu ele almak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, Twitter&#8217;\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fi i\u00e7in, Twitter&#8217;\u0131n \u00f6zellik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine dikkat etmek gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Twitter&#8217;da \u015firketin telif hakk\u0131 sahibi oldu\u011fu bir resmin izinsiz yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, resme &#8220;\u0130zinsiz Kopyalama Yasakt\u0131r&#8221; ifadesini veya \u015firketin &#8220;Kredi Notunu&#8221; eklemek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Twitter&#8217;da \u015firketin telif hakk\u0131 sahibi oldu\u011fu bir resmin izinsiz kopyaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir tweet veya retweet bulunursa, bu durumu ele almak i\u00e7in ilgili hesaba g\u00f6nderici bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 talebi, silme (kullan\u0131m\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131) talebi, telif hakk\u0131 kullan\u0131m \u00fccreti vb. tazminat talebi, haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 iadesi talebi, itibar\u0131n geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nlem talebi ve cezai sorumlulu\u011fun takip edilmesi i\u00e7in yarg\u0131 s\u00fcrecini kullanman\u0131z gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu i\u015flemlerle ilgili olarak, internet \u00fczerinde telif hakk\u0131 \u00f6nlemleri konusunda deneyimli bir avukata dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sonuc_Internet_Uzerindeki_Telif_Hakki_Ihlalleri_Icin_Avukata_Danisin\"><\/span>Sonu\u00e7: \u0130nternet \u00dczerindeki Telif Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlalleri \u0130\u00e7in Avukata Dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nternet \u00fczerindeki al\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kendi eserlerinizin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin (screenshot) ba\u015fkalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan SNS vb. yerlere g\u00f6nderilmesi durumunda, telif hakk\u0131 ihlali iddia edip edemeyece\u011finiz konusunda, Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. ve 30.2 maddelerine g\u00f6re bir karar vermeniz gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu hukuki yarg\u0131 veya yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcre\u00e7leri hakk\u0131nda, uzmanl\u0131k bilgisi gerekti\u011finden, bir avukata dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hukuk_Buromuzun_Sundugu_Cozumler\"><\/span>Hukuk B\u00fcromuzun Sundu\u011fu \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Monolith Hukuk B\u00fcrosu, \u00f6zellikle IT ve hukuk alanlar\u0131nda geni\u015f deneyime sahip bir hukuk firmas\u0131d\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda, telif haklar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere fikri m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi g\u00f6rmektedir. B\u00fcromuz, fikri m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki makalede belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Monolith Hukuk B\u00fcrosu&#8217;nun hizmet verdi\u011fi alanlar: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/practices\/itlaw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00c7e\u015fitli \u015eirketlerin IT ve Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Hukuku[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eserini kullanmak i\u00e7in, genellikle, telif hakk\u0131 sahibinden kullan\u0131m izni alman\u0131z gerekmektedir. Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n eserini izinsiz olarak \u00e7o\u011faltmak veya halka a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde yay\u0131nlamak, telif [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":64783,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61138"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61138"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64784,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61138\/revisions\/64784"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64783"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}