{"id":61160,"date":"2023-12-04T11:16:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T02:16:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/?p=61160"},"modified":"2024-03-20T00:38:51","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T15:38:51","slug":"slap-lawsuits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits","title":{"rendered":"SLAPP Davalar\u0131 Hangi Durumlarda Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Olur? Ger\u00e7ek \u00d6rnekler \u00dczerinden A\u00e7\u0131klama"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Kendinizi ele\u015ftiren bir ki\u015finin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc engellemek amac\u0131yla dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar olabilir. Bu t\u00fcr davalar &#8220;SLAPP davas\u0131&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr bir dava, ilk bak\u0131\u015fta me\u015fru g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir, ancak kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00fck bindiren ve haks\u0131z bir durum olabilir ve bu y\u00fczden yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6te yandan, anayasa ile yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 belirlendi\u011finden, dava a\u00e7man\u0131n yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermek olduk\u00e7a zor bir karard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burada, mahkemelerin ger\u00e7ekte bir SLAPP davas\u0131 oldu\u011funu kabul etti\u011fi dava \u00f6rneklerini tan\u0131t\u0131rken, SLAPP davalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klama yapaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#SLAPP_Davalari_Nedir\" title=\"SLAPP Davalar\u0131 Nedir?\">SLAPP Davalar\u0131 Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Davanin_Acilmasinin_Yasadisi_Bir_Eylem_Oldugu_Durumlar\" title=\"Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir Eylem Oldu\u011fu Durumlar\">Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir Eylem Oldu\u011fu Durumlar<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Gercekte_SLAPP_Davasi_Olarak_Kabul_Edilen_Durumlar\" title=\"Ger\u00e7ekte SLAPP Davas\u0131 Olarak Kabul Edilen Durumlar\">Ger\u00e7ekte SLAPP Davas\u0131 Olarak Kabul Edilen Durumlar<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Davanin_Baslangici\" title=\"Davan\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131\">Davan\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Davacinin_Iddialari\" title=\"Davac\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ddialar\u0131\">Davac\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ddialar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Yerel_Mahkemenin_Karari_%E2%80%9CYasadisi_Dava%E2%80%9D_Olarak_Kabul_Edildi\" title=\"Yerel Mahkemenin Karar\u0131: &#8220;Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Dava&#8221; Olarak Kabul Edildi\">Yerel Mahkemenin Karar\u0131: &#8220;Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Dava&#8221; Olarak Kabul Edildi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Temyiz_Mahkemesi%E2%80%99nin_Karari_%E2%80%9CYasadisi_Eylem%E2%80%9D_Olarak_Kabul_Edildi\" title=\"Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin Karar\u0131: &#8220;Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Eylem&#8221; Olarak Kabul Edildi\">Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin Karar\u0131: &#8220;Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Eylem&#8221; Olarak Kabul Edildi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Ozet_SLAPP_Davasi_Olup_Olmadigina_Dair_Danisma_Avukata_Yapilmalidir\" title=\"\u00d6zet: SLAPP Davas\u0131 Olup Olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na Dair Dan\u0131\u015fma Avukata Yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r\">\u00d6zet: SLAPP Davas\u0131 Olup Olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na Dair Dan\u0131\u015fma Avukata Yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/slap-lawsuits\/#Buromuz_Tarafindan_Sunulan_Cozumler\" title=\"B\u00fcromuz Taraf\u0131ndan Sunulan \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler\">B\u00fcromuz Taraf\u0131ndan Sunulan \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SLAPP_Davalari_Nedir\"><\/span>SLAPP Davalar\u0131 Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SLAPP davalar\u0131, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri&#8217;nde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir kavramd\u0131r ve &#8220;Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation&#8221; (Kamu Kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Stratejik Dava) ifadesinin ba\u015f harflerinden &#8220;SLAPP&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011frudan \u00e7eviri yaparsak, &#8220;vatanda\u015flar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in stratejik bir sivil dava&#8221; anlam\u0131na gelir, ancak genellikle &#8220;\u00f6zg\u00fcr ifadeyi susturmak i\u00e7in tehdit ama\u00e7l\u0131 dava&#8221; olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri&#8217;nde, bir\u00e7ok eyalet SLAPP davalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in yasalar \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dava a\u00e7an davac\u0131n\u0131n hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayamamas\u0131 durumunda dava durdurulur ve ayr\u0131ca eyalet h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin daval\u0131y\u0131 destekleme programlar\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r, \u00e7e\u015fitli destek \u00f6nlemleri mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6te yandan, Japonya&#8217;da durum farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Anayasa ile yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve mahkemelerin a\u00e7\u0131lan davalar\u0131 ilerletmesi esast\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, me\u015fru bir dava ile SLAPP davas\u0131 aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131m yapman\u0131n zor oldu\u011fu bir y\u00f6n de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Davanin_Acilmasinin_Yasadisi_Bir_Eylem_Oldugu_Durumlar\"><\/span>Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir Eylem Oldu\u011fu Durumlar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/shutterstock_2056414424.jpg\" alt=\"Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir Eylem Oldu\u011fu Durumlar\" class=\"wp-image-57099\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;SLAPP davas\u0131&#8221; terimi hen\u00fcz bilinmeyen 1980&#8217;lerde, &#8220;yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 dava&#8221; hakk\u0131nda bir emsal karar vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burada davan\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na girmeyece\u011fim, ancak dava a\u00e7\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, ger\u00e7eklerin do\u011frulanmas\u0131n\u0131n normal bir insan\u0131n almas\u0131 gereken sa\u011fduyulu bir \u00f6nlem olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, &#8220;Anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n nihai \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc mahkemeden talep etme hakk\u0131, hukuk devletinin temelini olu\u015fturan \u00f6nemli bir konudur, bu nedenle yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde sayg\u0131 g\u00f6rmelidir&#8221; dedi ve &#8220;Davac\u0131n\u0131n dava kaybetti\u011fi kesin karar\u0131 almas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca, hemen bu davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak kabul edemez&#8221; dedi (Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, Showa 63 y\u0131l\u0131 (1988) 26 Ocak karar\u0131).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elbette, yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 sayg\u0131 g\u00f6rmesi gereken \u00f6nemli bir hakt\u0131r. Ancak, dava a\u00e7\u0131lan ki\u015fi i\u00e7in, dava yan\u0131tlamak zorunda kal\u0131r ve bu nedenle avukat \u00fccretlerini \u00f6demek zorunda kal\u0131r, bu da ekonomik ve psikolojik bir y\u00fck olu\u015fturur. Bu bir ger\u00e7ektir. Davay\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmadan a\u00e7mak rahats\u0131z edici bir durumdur, ancak bu konuda Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 taraf i\u00e7in yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz, ancak bu, davac\u0131n\u0131n iddia etti\u011fi hak veya hukuki ili\u015fkinin ger\u00e7ek ve hukuki temeli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve davac\u0131n\u0131n bunu bilmesine ra\u011fmen veya normal bir insan\u0131n kolayca bunu bilebilece\u011fi halde dava a\u00e7may\u0131 se\u00e7ti\u011fi durumlarda, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yarg\u0131 sisteminin amac\u0131na g\u00f6re belirgin bir \u015fekilde uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edildi\u011finde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, Showa 63 y\u0131l\u0131 (1988) 26 Ocak karar\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>olarak, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem oldu\u011fu durumlar\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gercekte_SLAPP_Davasi_Olarak_Kabul_Edilen_Durumlar\"><\/span>Ger\u00e7ekte SLAPP Davas\u0131 Olarak Kabul Edilen Durumlar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir b\u00fcy\u00fck kozmetik \u015firketinin ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n bir politikac\u0131ya para \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 vermesini blogunda ele\u015ftiren bir avukat, kozmetik \u015firketi ve ba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan iftira davas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131. Daha sonra, avukat davac\u0131 oldu ve iftira davas\u0131n\u0131n bir &#8220;SLAPP davas\u0131&#8221; oldu\u011funu belirtti ve manevi ac\u0131 nedeniyle tazminat talep etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Davanin_Baslangici\"><\/span>Davan\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>27 Mart 2014 (Gregorian takvimine g\u00f6re) tarihinde yay\u0131nlanan &#8216;Haftal\u0131k Shincho&#8217; dergisinde, bir kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel yaz\u0131s\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131. Yaz\u0131da \u015fu ifadeler yer al\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fkan, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnleri pazar\u0131ndaki durgunlu\u011fun ana nedeninin Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Refah Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n (Japon Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Refah Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) artan denetimleri oldu\u011funu belirtti ve d\u00fczenlemelerin gev\u015fetilmesini talep eden A milletvekilini destekledi. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131 Temmuz ay\u0131nda ve 2012 y\u0131l\u0131 Mart ay\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere iki kez A milletvekilinden se\u00e7im fonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in finansman talebi geldi ve ba\u015fkan toplamda 800 milyon yen \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verdi. Daha sonra, ba\u015fkan A milletvekili ile ili\u015fkisini kesti, ancak A milletvekiline yap\u0131lan bu \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 vermenin anlam\u0131n\u0131 bir kez daha kendisine ve halka sorgulamak istedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu avukat, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n 31 Mart, 2 Nisan ve 8 Nisan tarihlerinde blog yaz\u0131lar\u0131 yay\u0131nlayarak kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirdi. \u0130\u00e7erik, bu politikac\u0131ya yap\u0131lan finansman\u0131n, d\u00fczenlemelerin gev\u015fetilmesi yoluyla kendi \u015firketinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in politikay\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131tmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir giri\u015fim oldu\u011funu ve ayr\u0131ca A milletvekilinin kendi isteklerine uygun hareket etmemesi nedeniyle kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 dergide yay\u0131nlayarak A milletvekilini terk etti\u011fini belirtiyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fkan ve kozmetik \u015firketi, bu blog yaz\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle itibarlar\u0131n\u0131n zedelendi\u011fini iddia ederek avukattan toplam 60 milyon yen tazminat talep etti ve ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n 16 Nisan&#8217;\u0131nda dava a\u00e7t\u0131. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, hem b\u00f6lge mahkemesi hem de y\u00fcksek mahkeme kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n talebini reddetti, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme de temyiz ba\u015fvurusunu kabul etmedi ve karar Ekim 2016&#8217;da kesinle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>May\u0131s 2017&#8217;de (Gregorian takvimine g\u00f6re), bu kez avukat, \u00f6nceki davan\u0131n bir SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation &#8211; Kamu Kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Stratejik Dava) oldu\u011funu ve haks\u0131z bir dava oldu\u011funu iddia ederek kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131ndan 6 milyon yen tazminat talep eden bir dava a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, avukat\u0131 davac\u0131 (temyiz duru\u015fmas\u0131nda daval\u0131), kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011ferlerini daval\u0131 (temyiz duru\u015fmas\u0131nda davac\u0131) olarak a\u00e7\u0131klamaya devam edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Davacinin_Iddialari\"><\/span>Davac\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ddialar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Davac\u0131 olan avukat, bir kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve di\u011ferlerinin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davan\u0131n bir SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation &#8211; Kamu Kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Stratejik Dava) oldu\u011funu iddia etti. \u0130ddias\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki nedenlere dayand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferlerinin sorun yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 blog yaz\u0131lar\u0131, hepsi de davac\u0131 olan avukat\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini ifade eden bir ele\u015ftiri olup, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayal\u0131 hakaret hakk\u0131nda, adil ele\u015ftiri hukuk ilkesi gere\u011fi, yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilen bir emsal karard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Avukat\u0131n ele\u015ftirileri, hepsi de, d\u00fczenlemelerin s\u0131k\u0131 oldu\u011fu sa\u011fl\u0131k g\u0131dalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcreten ve satan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015firketin temsilcisi taraf\u0131ndan politikac\u0131lara belirsiz ve b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda krediler verilmesinin yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Japon Siyasi Fonlar Kontrol Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n (\u653f\u6cbb\u8cc7\u91d1\u898f\u6b63\u6cd5) s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fi gibi, &#8220;politika ve para&#8221; sorunlar\u0131yla ilgilidir. Bu, demokrasinin temelini olu\u015fturan bir konudur ve y\u00fcksek bir kamu yarar\u0131 ve kamu hizmeti amac\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Ele\u015ftirinin temelini olu\u015fturan ger\u00e7ekler, ba\u015fkan\u0131n bir haftal\u0131k dergide itiraf etti\u011fi ger\u00e7eklerdir ve bu, genel okuyucular taraf\u0131ndan kolayca anla\u015f\u0131labilecek bir \u015feydi. Di\u011fer ger\u00e7ekler de, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u015firkette meydana gelen olaylar veya genel olarak bilinen ger\u00e7ekler oldu\u011fundan, bunlar\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funu tart\u0131\u015fmaya gerek yoktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Blogun yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan daval\u0131lar\u0131n dava a\u00e7mas\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda bir zaferin olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yeterli bir inceleme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir iz bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferleri, bu dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, neredeyse ayn\u0131 zamanda, daval\u0131lara ele\u015ftirel yorumlar yapan ki\u015filere kar\u015f\u0131 9 hakaret davas\u0131 a\u00e7m\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki nedenlerden dolay\u0131, ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferleri, hakaretin kabul edilemez oldu\u011funu tamamen anlad\u0131klar\u0131 halde, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia ettiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lgili Makale: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/libel-law-utility\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hakaretin Olu\u015fumu ve Kamu Yarar\u0131[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yerel_Mahkemenin_Karari_%E2%80%9CYasadisi_Dava%E2%80%9D_Olarak_Kabul_Edildi\"><\/span>Yerel Mahkemenin Karar\u0131: &#8220;Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Dava&#8221; Olarak Kabul Edildi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/shutterstock_1782938567.jpg\" alt=\"1. Derece Mahkemenin Karar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-57101\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk derece mahkemesi olan Tokyo Yerel Mahkemesi, yukar\u0131da belirtilen Japon Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin 1988 (Showa 63) y\u0131l\u0131 26 Ocak tarihli karar\u0131n\u0131 referans alarak, daval\u0131lar\u0131n dava a\u00e7ma eyleminin yasal olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahkemeye g\u00f6re, daval\u0131lar\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davada, hak ihlali iddia edilen avukat\u0131n blog yaz\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin &#8220;temelini olu\u015fturan \u00f6nemli ger\u00e7eklerin do\u011fru oldu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015f, kamu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yla ilgili bir konu oldu\u011fu ve amac\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemekte oldu\u011fu, temel ger\u00e7ekler ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftiri aras\u0131nda mant\u0131ksal bir ba\u011flant\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve ayr\u0131ca, ki\u015fisel sald\u0131r\u0131lara kadar varan bir durumun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftiri s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez, bu nedenle yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verildi&#8221; \u015feklinde de\u011ferlendirildi. Bunun \u00fczerine,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Davan\u0131n kabul edilme ihtimalinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 normal bir ki\u015finin kolayl\u0131kla anlayabilece\u011fi halde, dava a\u00e7may\u0131 tercih eden bir durumun, mahkeme sisteminin amac\u0131 ve hedefleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda belirgin bir \u015fekilde uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu durumun davac\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olarak kabul edilebilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcm bu incelemelerin bir araya getirilmesi sonucunda, daval\u0131lar\u0131n dava a\u00e7ma eyleminin, mahkeme sisteminin amac\u0131 ve hedefleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda belirgin bir \u015fekilde uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir dava a\u00e7ma eylemi oldu\u011fu kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n<cite>Tokyo Yerel Mahkemesi&#8217;nin 2019 (Reiwa 1) y\u0131l\u0131 4 Ekim tarihli karar\u0131<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>ve bu do\u011frultuda, daval\u0131lara 1 milyon yen tazminat ve 100 bin yen avukatl\u0131k \u00fccreti olmak \u00fczere toplamda 1.1 milyon yen \u00f6deme emri verildi. &#8220;SLAPP davas\u0131&#8221; ifadesi karar metninde yer almamakla birlikte, bu karar Japon Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin 1988 (Showa 63) y\u0131l\u0131 26 Ocak tarihli &#8220;yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 dava&#8221; karar\u0131na uygun bir karard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fkan ve di\u011fer daval\u0131lar bu karar\u0131 kabul etmeyerek, temyize ba\u015fvurmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lgili Makale: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/expressions-and-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya Ele\u015ftiri \u0130\u00e7eren \u0130fadelerin \u0130tibar Zedeleme Su\u00e7unu Olu\u015fturma \u015eartlar\u0131 Nedir?[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temyiz_Mahkemesi%E2%80%99nin_Karari_%E2%80%9CYasadisi_Eylem%E2%80%9D_Olarak_Kabul_Edildi\"><\/span>Temyiz Mahkemesi&#8217;nin Karar\u0131: &#8220;Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Eylem&#8221; Olarak Kabul Edildi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Temyiz mahkemesinde, kozmetik \u015firketi ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve di\u011fer temyiz edenler, iftira davas\u0131nda ger\u00e7eklerin belirtilmesi veya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin ya da ele\u015ftirilerin yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 engelleme nedenlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fi gibi konular\u0131 bilen normal bir insan\u0131n var olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, normal bir insan\u0131n kolayca anlayabilece\u011fi birinci derece mahkemenin karar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 toplum normlar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia ettiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, mahkeme, blog yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, i\u00e7eri\u011finden dolay\u0131 bu davan\u0131n notlar\u0131 veya gazete makalelerinde belirtilen ger\u00e7ekleri varsayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Ayr\u0131ca, genel okuyucunun normal dikkati ve okuma \u015fekli temel al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, daval\u0131 olan avukat\u0131n, ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferlerinin i\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini tahmin ederken ele\u015ftiri eklemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fey olarak okunabilece\u011fini belirtti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu durumun avukat\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc veya ele\u015ftirisi oldu\u011funu normal bir insan\u0131n ve ba\u015fkan\u0131n ve di\u011ferlerinin kolayca anlayabilece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferleri, anayasa \u00fczerindeki yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 (Japon Anayasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesi) hakk\u0131nda da \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: &#8220;Daval\u0131 (avukat) taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lan blog yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n her bir ifadesi, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir tonla temyiz edenleri (ba\u015fkan) kesin bir \u015fekilde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layarak toplumda de\u011ferlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr ve iftira olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez ve kolayca anla\u015f\u0131lamaz. E\u011fer yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde mahkemeden yard\u0131m talep etmek, yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131 (Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n 32. maddesi) haks\u0131z yere ihlal eder.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, mahkeme, &#8220;politika ve para&#8221; sorunlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak, bir \u015firket veya y\u00f6neticisinin politikac\u0131lara b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda para sa\u011flamas\u0131 konusunda, bu durumun \u015firkete kar getirme potansiyeli olabilece\u011fi ve bu nedenle geni\u015f \u00e7apta ele\u015ftirildi\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu durumun adil bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya ele\u015ftiri olarak kabul edilebilece\u011fini belirtti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu durumun iftira olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferlerinin tamamen anlayabilece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki noktalar\u0131 da daval\u0131 olan avukata kar\u015f\u0131 yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olarak belirtti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Talep edilen miktar\u0131n, 60 milyon yen olmas\u0131 ve bu miktar\u0131n normal bir insan\u0131n ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131tlayabilecek kadar y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 gelmek yerine, hemen y\u00fcksek miktarda tazminat talebiyle dava a\u00e7ma y\u00f6ntemini se\u00e7mi\u015f olmalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ayr\u0131ca, yak\u0131n zamanda 9 tazminat talebi davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve karara ba\u011fland\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri, ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferlerinin tazminat taleplerinin kabul edilmedi\u011fi ve kesinle\u015fti\u011fi bu davan\u0131n iftira k\u0131sm\u0131yla ilgili de\u011fildi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki noktalardan dolay\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u00d6nceki davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 vb. durumlar, temyiz edenlerin (ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferleri) kendilerine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirel ifadelerin etkisini azaltmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu durumun mant\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olarak kabul edildi\u011fi, temyiz edenlerin yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131 haks\u0131z yere ihlal etmedi\u011fi kabul edilmelidir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, temyiz edenlerin (ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferleri) \u00f6nceki davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 vb. durumlar, talebin kabul edilece\u011fi beklentisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 normal bir insan\u0131n kolayca anlayabilece\u011fi halde, dava a\u00e7may\u0131 se\u00e7tikleri i\u00e7in, yarg\u0131 sisteminin amac\u0131 ve hedefleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda, bu durumun belirgin bir \u015fekilde uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve daval\u0131 olan avukat\u0131n (avukat) kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olarak kabul edilebilece\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n<cite>Tokyo Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin 2020 (Reiwa 2) y\u0131l\u0131 18 Mart tarihli karar\u0131, parantez i\u00e7indekiler yazar\u0131n eklemeleridir<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle, daval\u0131 olan avukat\u0131n (avukat) zarar\u0131, \u00f6nceki davan\u0131n avukatl\u0131k \u00fccretlerinden 500.000 yen ve 1.000.000 yen tazminat toplam\u0131 1.500.000 yen ve bu talep i\u00e7in bu davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi i\u00e7in avukatl\u0131k \u00fccretlerinin %10&#8217;u olan 150.000 yen olarak kabul edildi ve toplamda 1.650.000 yen \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015fkan ve di\u011ferlerine emredildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu kararda, &#8220;SLAPP dava&#8221; terimi kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak &#8220;kendilerine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirel ifadelerin etkisini azaltmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131klar\u0131&#8221; ve &#8220;talebin kabul edilece\u011fi beklentisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 normal bir insan\u0131n kolayca anlayabilece\u011fi halde, dava a\u00e7may\u0131 se\u00e7tikleri&#8221; durumlar, yani SLAPP davalar\u0131, &#8220;yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 dava&#8221; olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, daval\u0131 olan avukat (avukat), temyiz edenlerin (ba\u015fkan) 8.370.000 yen (\u00f6nceki davan\u0131n talep miktar\u0131na dayal\u0131 her seviye i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u00fccreti ve damga vergisi toplam\u0131) ve orijinal karar\u0131n kabul edilen miktar\u0131 olan 1.100.000 yen \u00f6demeyi g\u00f6ze al\u0131rlarsa, \u00f6nceki dava gibi SLAPP davalar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar a\u00e7abileceklerini ve \u00f6nleyici bir etki beklenebilece\u011fini iddia etti. Ancak, mahkeme, tazminat miktar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, dolgu tazminat\u0131n\u0131n temel al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ve \u00f6nleyici bir etki beklendi\u011fi i\u00e7in cezai tazminat\u0131n kabul edilmesinin uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lgili Makale: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/solatium-libel-maliciousness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0130ftira Davalar\u0131nda Tazminat\u0131n Zarar Verme Eyleminin K\u00f6t\u00fc Niyetlili\u011fi Nedeniyle Y\u00fcksek Olabilece\u011fi Durumlar[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozet_SLAPP_Davasi_Olup_Olmadigina_Dair_Danisma_Avukata_Yapilmalidir\"><\/span>\u00d6zet: SLAPP Davas\u0131 Olup Olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na Dair Dan\u0131\u015fma Avukata Yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Herkesin dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r, ancak &#8220;kendine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirel ifadeleri bast\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla&#8221; a\u00e7\u0131lan davalar, yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olabilir. Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rneklerde &#8220;SLAPP davas\u0131&#8221; terimi kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsa da, dava a\u00e7man\u0131n bazen yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olabilece\u011fine dair mahkeme kararlar\u0131 mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir davan\u0131n yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir eylem olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermek, bireysel ve somut bir de\u011ferlendirme gerektirir. Bu nedenle, bir davan\u0131n s\u00f6zde &#8220;SLAPP davas\u0131&#8221; olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in bir avukata dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buromuz_Tarafindan_Sunulan_Cozumler\"><\/span>B\u00fcromuz Taraf\u0131ndan Sunulan \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Monolith Hukuk B\u00fcrosu, \u00f6zellikle IT ve internet hukuku olmak \u00fczere, hukukun \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlar\u0131nda geni\u015f deneyime sahip bir hukuk firmas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fcromuz, geni\u015f bir yelpazede \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm sunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki makalede belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Monolith Hukuk B\u00fcrosu&#8217;nun hizmet verdi\u011fi alanlar: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/practices\/reputation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0130tibar Zarar\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 \u00d6nlemler[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kendinizi ele\u015ftiren bir ki\u015finin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc engellemek amac\u0131yla dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar olabilir. Bu t\u00fcr davalar &#8220;SLAPP davas\u0131&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr bir dava, ilk bak\u0131\u015fta me\u015fru [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":64763,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61160"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61160"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64764,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61160\/revisions\/64764"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}