{"id":61228,"date":"2023-12-04T11:16:42","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T02:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/?p=61228"},"modified":"2024-03-17T11:04:32","modified_gmt":"2024-03-17T02:04:32","slug":"libel-law-utility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility","title":{"rendered":"\u0130tibar Zedelenmesinin Olu\u015fumu ve Kamu Yarar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Sivil hakaret, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;E\u011fer tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ifade, bir ki\u015finin karakteri, erdemi, \u00fcn\u00fc, kredisi vb. ki\u015filik de\u011ferleri hakk\u0131nda toplumdan al\u0131nan objektif de\u011ferlendirmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyorsa, bu bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi belirtiyor olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftiri ifade ediyor olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, olu\u015fabilir&#8221; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Japon Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1997 (Gregorian Takvimi))<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>ancak, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftiri ile hakaret durumunda, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki d\u00f6rt gereklili\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131k reddedilir (yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131k savunmas\u0131) ve hakaretten muaf olursunuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftirinin kamu \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ile ilgili bir konuya ili\u015fkin olmas\u0131 (kamusal nitelik)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftirinin amac\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemesi (kamu yarar\u0131)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Varsay\u0131lan ger\u00e7e\u011fin do\u011fru oldu\u011funun kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 (do\u011fruluk) veya bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin do\u011fru oldu\u011funa inanmak i\u00e7in yeterli nedenlerin olmas\u0131 (uygunluk)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ki\u015fiye sald\u0131r\u0131ya kadar gitmeyen ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftiri s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmayan bir durum olmamas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunlardan, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da ele\u015ftiri ile hakaretin olu\u015fup olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131na dair karar verilirken en \u00e7ok ele al\u0131nan kamu yarar\u0131, ger\u00e7ek mahkemede ne zaman kabul edilmi\u015ftir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/expressions-and-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/expressions-and-defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Kamu_Yarari_Nedir\" title=\"Kamu Yarar\u0131 Nedir?\">Kamu Yarar\u0131 Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Kamu_Yarari_ve_Kamusallik\" title=\"Kamu Yarar\u0131 ve Kamusall\u0131k\">Kamu Yarar\u0131 ve Kamusall\u0131k<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Kamu_Yararinin_Tanindigi_Durumlar\" title=\"Kamu Yarar\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Durumlar\">Kamu Yarar\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Durumlar<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Kamusal_Cikarlarla_Ilgili_Gerceklere_Dayananlar\" title=\" Kamusal \u00c7\u0131karlarla \u0130lgili Ger\u00e7eklere Dayananlar \"> Kamusal \u00c7\u0131karlarla \u0130lgili Ger\u00e7eklere Dayananlar <\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Kamu_Yararinin_Kabul_Edilmedigi_Durumlar\" title=\" Kamu Yarar\u0131n\u0131n Kabul Edilmedi\u011fi Durumlar \"> Kamu Yarar\u0131n\u0131n Kabul Edilmedi\u011fi Durumlar <\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Kotu_Niyetli_Yorumlar_Durumunda\" title=\" K\u00f6t\u00fc Niyetli Yorumlar Durumunda \"> K\u00f6t\u00fc Niyetli Yorumlar Durumunda <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Odul_Amaclandiginda\" title=\"\u00d6d\u00fcl Ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\">\u00d6d\u00fcl Ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131nda<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/libel-law-utility\/#Ozet\" title=\"\u00d6zet\">\u00d6zet<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kamu_Yarari_Nedir\"><\/span>Kamu Yarar\u0131 Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kamu yarar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, Japon Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun 230. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131nda &#8220;amac\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak oldu\u011fu kabul edilen durumlar&#8221; ifadesi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131nda da &#8220;tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak&#8221; ifadesi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak bu, biraz bile kamu yarar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir amac\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n reddedilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nternet reklamc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan A \u015firketi ile reklam talep eden B \u015firketi aras\u0131ndaki reklam \u00fccreti iade talebi davas\u0131nda, B \u015firketi&#8217;nin web sitesinde yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ve davac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f ili\u015fkisi olan ki\u015filere g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi e-postalar hakk\u0131nda, Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, A \u015firketi&#8217;nin &#8220;ger\u00e7ek amac\u0131n ki\u015fisel kinleri gidermek oldu\u011fu, kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8221; iddias\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, &#8220;tamamen kamu yarar\u0131 sa\u011flama amac\u0131n\u0131n var olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, ana motivasyonun kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131 olmas\u0131 yeterli olacakt\u0131r&#8221; (8 Kas\u0131m 2012 tarihli karar) ifadesiyle, kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kamu_Yarari_ve_Kamusallik\"><\/span>Kamu Yarar\u0131 ve Kamusall\u0131k<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kamusall\u0131k, &#8220;kamu \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin ger\u00e7ekler&#8221; anlam\u0131na gelir ve bu kabul edildi\u011finde, genellikle kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu kabul edilir. Ger\u00e7ekte, mahkemelerde, kamusall\u0131k varsa, bu t\u00fcr bir g\u00f6nderi yapman\u0131n &#8220;kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen bir ama\u00e7&#8221; oldu\u011fu, yani kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu kabul edilir ve bunu \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctecek yeterli kan\u0131t yoksa, kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir trafik kazas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, bir foruma itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyen bir yorum yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve davac\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6nderenin bilgilerini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 talep etti\u011fi bir durumda, Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi (31 Ekim 2008 tarihli karar) &#8220;Bu makale, kamu \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir konudur ve bu nedenle, yaln\u0131zca kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen bir ama\u00e7la yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilebilir ve bu karar\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctecek yeterli kan\u0131t sunulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r&#8221; demi\u015ftir. Bu, genel bir yarg\u0131 olarak kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kamu_Yararinin_Tanindigi_Durumlar\"><\/span>Kamu Yarar\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Durumlar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_381746308-1024x694.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9792\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Peki, ger\u00e7ekte hangi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda kamu yarar\u0131 kabul edilmektedir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Herkesin Partisi&#8221; adl\u0131 partiyi fesheden eski lider Watanabe Yoshimi&#8217;ye, bir kozmetik \u00fcretim ve sat\u0131\u015f \u015firketinin ba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 800 milyon yen \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verilmesi hakk\u0131nda, &#8220;Bu politikay\u0131 parayla sat\u0131n alma eylemi kesinlikle ele\u015ftirilmelidir&#8221; \u015feklinde yaz\u0131lan blog yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, ba\u015fkan ve \u015firketin itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeledi\u011fi ve onur duygular\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle, \u015firket (X2) ve ba\u015fkan\u0131 (X1), blogu yazan avukata 60 milyon yen tazminat ve blogun kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6z\u00fcr ilan\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kamusal_Cikarlarla_Ilgili_Gerceklere_Dayananlar\"><\/span> Kamusal \u00c7\u0131karlarla \u0130lgili Ger\u00e7eklere Dayananlar <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1262417026-1024x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9793\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Daval\u0131 avukat, bir parti lideri ve milletvekili olan ki\u015fiye b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda bor\u00e7 verme gibi y\u00f6ntemlerle se\u00e7im fonlar\u0131na destek verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, bu eylemin Japon Siyasi Fonlar Kontrol Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n (Japanese Political Funds Control Law) prensiplerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu ele\u015ftirdi. Daval\u0131 sadece ele\u015ftiri yap\u0131yor ve i\u00e7erik, davac\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011fine sald\u0131rm\u0131yor, tamamen politik bir ifadeye sad\u0131k kal\u0131yor. Davac\u0131lar, g\u0131da, takviye edici g\u0131dalar veya kozmetik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda \u00fcretim ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yapan i\u015fletmeler ve temsilcileri olarak, halk\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na do\u011frudan etkisi olan bir etkiye sahip olup, kamusal bir fig\u00fcr gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyorlar ve Siyasi Fonlar Kontrol Yasas\u0131&#8217;na dayal\u0131 olarak bildirilmeyen nakit sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, bir politikac\u0131 gibi halk\u0131n ele\u015ftirisini kabul etmeleri gerekti\u011fi belirtildi. &#8220;Bu ifadeler, kamusal \u00e7\u0131karlarla ilgili ger\u00e7eklere dayan\u0131yor ve yay\u0131nlanmalar\u0131 tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedefliyor&#8221; \u015feklinde savunma yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, mahkeme, daval\u0131n\u0131n makalesini bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya ele\u015ftiri olarak kabul etti ve i\u00e7eri\u011finin &#8220;genel okuyucuya, bu borcun, davac\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u00e7in politikay\u0131 bozan bir \u015fey oldu\u011fu izlenimini verdi\u011fi ve davac\u0131lar\u0131n toplumsal de\u011ferlendirmesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc&#8221; \u015feklinde belirtti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak di\u011fer yandan, &#8220;\u00f6nemli ger\u00e7eklerin \u00f6nemli k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n hepsi i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlaman\u0131n oldu\u011fu&#8221; belirtildi ve,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p> Bu ifadeler, hepsi bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya ele\u015ftiri beyan\u0131d\u0131r ve sadece kamusal \u00e7\u0131karlarla ilgili ger\u00e7eklerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r, amac\u0131 tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemekte ve \u00f6nemli ger\u00e7eklerin \u00f6nemli k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve \u00f6nemli ger\u00e7ekler ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya ele\u015ftiri aras\u0131nda mant\u0131ksal bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir, ki\u015fisel sald\u0131r\u0131ya kadar gitmi\u015f veya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya ele\u015ftiri s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir, bu nedenle yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> (Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 2 Eyl\u00fcl 2015 tarihli karar) <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 reddetti, yani iftira kabul edilmedi ve ayr\u0131ca, &#8220;Koca ve u\u015fak&#8221;, &#8220;\u00e7irkin i\u015fbirli\u011fi&#8221; gibi alayc\u0131 ifadelerin de ki\u015fisel bir sald\u0131r\u0131ya kadar gitmedi\u011fi ve toplumun genel kabul g\u00f6ren s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak ki\u015fisel de\u011feri reddetti\u011fi kabul edilemez, bu nedenle toplumun genel kabul g\u00f6ren s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan bir hakaret eylemi olarak kabul edilemez ve davac\u0131lar\u0131n taleplerini reddetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Politikac\u0131lar\u0131n ve \u00e7evrelerindeki insanlar\u0131n faaliyetlerine y\u00f6nelik ifade ve iftira aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, bir ders kitab\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-and-decline-in-social-reputation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-and-decline-in-social-reputation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/cases-not-recognized-as-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/cases-not-recognized-as-defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kamu_Yararinin_Kabul_Edilmedigi_Durumlar\"><\/span> Kamu Yarar\u0131n\u0131n Kabul Edilmedi\u011fi Durumlar <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> Blog yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ve benzeri konular hakk\u0131nda kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedefledi\u011finizi iddia etseniz bile, bazen bu kabul edilmeyebilir. Peki, bu durum hangi durumlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kotu_Niyetli_Yorumlar_Durumunda\"><\/span> K\u00f6t\u00fc Niyetli Yorumlar Durumunda <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Asperger sendromu hakk\u0131nda bir blog a\u00e7an ve bir yay\u0131nevi i\u015fleten davac\u0131 X1 ve e\u015fi X2&#8217;nin itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyen yorumlar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle, X1 ve X2&#8217;nin haks\u0131z fiil temelinde tazminat talep etti\u011fi bir durum olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X1, otizm ve di\u011fer konular hakk\u0131nda kitaplar yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerde otizm ve geli\u015fim bozukluklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda konferanslar vermi\u015f ve ayr\u0131ca Japon \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n Merkezi Engelli Politikalar\u0131 Te\u015fvik Konseyi \u00fcyesi olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7evirmen ve A&#8217;n\u0131n sorumlu edit\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ancak, daval\u0131, &#8220;A, ger\u00e7ekte var olmayan bir otizm hastas\u0131d\u0131r, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve ger\u00e7ek olan davac\u0131 X1, i\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in uydurdu\u011fu hayali bir karakterdir, X1 A&#8217;y\u0131 canland\u0131r\u0131yor&#8221; ve &#8220;X2 de, e\u015fine yard\u0131m etmek i\u00e7in i\u015f yapmak amac\u0131yla, A&#8217;y\u0131 uyduruyor&#8221; diyerek, davac\u0131lar\u0131 &#8220;doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131&#8221;, &#8220;su\u00e7lu&#8221;, &#8220;sap\u0131k&#8221;, &#8220;X1 para sever&#8221;, &#8220;X2 anoreksik&#8221; gibi ifadelerle yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 kez tekrar tekrar ele\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daval\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olan davac\u0131 X1&#8217;in otizm hastas\u0131 A&#8217;y\u0131 canland\u0131rmas\u0131 sonucunda, &#8220;stresi kendine zarar verme eylemleriyle hafifletme&#8221; gibi yanl\u0131\u015f anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n otizm hastalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve toplumda tehlike olu\u015fturdu\u011funu iddia etti. &#8220;A adl\u0131 ki\u015fi&#8221;, Japon \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n Merkezi Engelli Politikalar\u0131 Te\u015fvik Konseyi \u00fcyesi gibi kamu g\u00f6revlerinde bulunuyor ve otizm hakk\u0131ndaki yan\u0131lg\u0131lar\u0131n toplumda yay\u0131lma tehlikesi var. Bu yay\u0131nevinin otizm hakk\u0131nda &#8220;A adl\u0131 ki\u015fi&#8221;nin kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n alanlar, kitaplar\u0131n otizm hastas\u0131 biri taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor ve bu nedenle doland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oluyorlar. Ayr\u0131ca, bu kitaplar sayesinde, otizm hakk\u0131ndaki yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilerin toplumda yay\u0131lma tehlikesi de var. Bu yorumlar, otizm hakk\u0131ndaki do\u011fru anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 topluma yaymak ve bu tehlikeleri durdurmak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedefliyordu, dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k mahkeme, blog yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, belirsiz bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiye, X1 ve X2&#8217;nin &#8220;kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u00e7in A adl\u0131 ki\u015fiyi uyduran ki\u015filer&#8221;, &#8220;doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar&#8221;, &#8220;su\u00e7lular&#8221; vb. oldu\u011fu izlenimini verdi\u011fi ve bu nedenle davac\u0131lar\u0131n toplumdaki de\u011ferlendirmesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sonucuna vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha sonra kamu yarar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir karar verirken, yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 kez yay\u0131nlanan kapsam\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi, s\u00fcresi ve yorumlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ve tarz\u0131 gibi noktalara de\u011findi ve,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Bu yorumlar, davac\u0131lar\u0131n eylemlerini veya niteliklerini ki\u015fisel sald\u0131r\u0131 olarak nitelendirilebilecek ifadelerle ele\u015ftiren veya yorumlayan \u015feylerdir ve dil ve tonlamalar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, davac\u0131lar\u0131n haks\u0131z veya yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u015fey yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tek tarafl\u0131 olarak kabul eden veya \u0131srarla ele\u015ftiren \u015feylerdir ve bu yorumlar\u0131n amac\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemek oldu\u011funu kabul etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 16 Ekim 2009 tarihli karar\u0131)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u015fekilde, daval\u0131n\u0131n iftira su\u00e7unu kabul ederek, davac\u0131 X1&#8217;e 1.1 milyon yen ve 110 bin yen avukat \u00fccreti, davac\u0131 X2&#8217;ye 700 bin yen ve 70 bin yen avukat \u00fccreti olmak \u00fczere toplamda 1.98 milyon yen \u00f6deme emri verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u015fekilde, kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedefledi\u011fini iddia eden bir durumda bile, ki\u015fisel sald\u0131r\u0131 olarak kabul edilebilecek k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli yorumlar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, kamu yarar\u0131 kabul edilmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/compensation-for-defamation-damages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/compensation-for-defamation-damages[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Odul_Amaclandiginda\"><\/span>\u00d6d\u00fcl Ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131nda<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Web sitemizdeki ba\u015fka bir makalede bahsetti\u011fimiz, yabanc\u0131 dil materyallerinin planlanmas\u0131, geli\u015ftirilmesi ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yapan bir \u015firket, bir affiliate&#8217;e (sat\u0131\u015f orta\u011f\u0131na) kar\u015f\u0131 itibar haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden haks\u0131z fiiller temelinde tazminat talepleri ve gelecekteki durdurma talepleri yapmak i\u00e7in, Google&#8217;dan g\u00f6nderen bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015f ve bu kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/self-made-rankingsite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/self-made-rankingsite[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Google, &#8220;Davac\u0131n\u0131n belirsiz bir t\u00fcketici kitlesine sundu\u011fu davac\u0131 materyalleri hakk\u0131nda, etkinli\u011fin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya yoklu\u011fu, reklam y\u00f6ntemlerinin do\u011frulu\u011fu veya yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u015fikayetin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplumun \u00f6nemli bir ilgi konusu ve kamusal \u00e7\u0131karlarla ilgili bir ger\u00e7ek&#8221; oldu\u011funu belirtti ve &#8220;Bu g\u00f6nderi, i\u00e7eri\u011finden dolay\u0131, davac\u0131 materyallerinin etkinli\u011fi ve reklam y\u00f6ntemleri hakk\u0131nda t\u00fcketicilere faydal\u0131 bilgiler sa\u011flamay\u0131 ana hedef olarak belirledi ve kamusal bir amac\u0131 vard\u0131&#8221; dedi. Ancak, davac\u0131, &#8220;Bu site bir affiliate sitesi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bu t\u00fcr bir \u00f6d\u00fcl amac\u0131yla davac\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini ele\u015ftiren bu g\u00f6nderinin tamamen kamusal bir ama\u00e7la yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Reklam gelirlerini elde etme gibi kendi ekonomik ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 gizleyen ve genel t\u00fcketici g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini toplam\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen sitelerin tamamen kamusal bir ama\u00e7la oldu\u011fu kabul edilirse, rakip \u015firketlerin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini sald\u0131ran reklam siteleri kabul edilir ve bu ciddi bir sorun olur&#8221; dedi ve &#8220;Bu g\u00f6nderi bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f veya yorum olarak kabul edilse bile, \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f ger\u00e7eklere dayanarak mant\u0131ks\u0131z bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m yap\u0131l\u0131yorsa, ki\u015fisel sald\u0131r\u0131ya gerek olmaks\u0131z\u0131n yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131k engelleme nedeni kabul edilemez&#8221; dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, mahkeme, davac\u0131n\u0131n kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak genel t\u00fcketicilerin yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 reklam ifadeleri kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve aldat\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtti ve ayr\u0131ca, bunlar\u0131n sonucunda davac\u0131 materyallerine y\u00f6nelik t\u00fcketici \u015fikayetlerinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti ve davac\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal de\u011ferlendirmesinin d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Bu site, davac\u0131 materyallerinin i\u00e7eri\u011fine ve reklam y\u00f6ntemlerine at\u0131fta bulunarak k\u00f6t\u00fc bir izlenim b\u0131rak\u0131r ve de\u011ferlendirmesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek belirli bir \u0130ngilizce materyalinin sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eder ve affiliate \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc elde etmeyi ana hedef olarak belirler, bu nedenle bu g\u00f6nderinin tamamen kamusal bir ama\u00e7la yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi 13 Temmuz 2015 Karar\u0131)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>ve kamusal bir ama\u00e7la hareket etme amac\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmedi ve Google&#8217;a g\u00f6nderen bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 emretti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reklam gelirleri gibi \u00f6d\u00fcller veya \u00f6zel \u00e7\u0131karlar ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kamusal bir ama\u00e7 kabul edilmez, bu do\u011fal bir durumdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/jurisdiction-of-judgement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/jurisdiction-of-judgement[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozet\"><\/span>\u00d6zet<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Toplumsal de\u011ferlendirmeniz d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olsa bile, her zaman iftira iddias\u0131nda bulunabilece\u011finiz anlam\u0131na gelmez. Yaz\u0131y\u0131 yazan taraf\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131 da, her zaman kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Iftira iddias\u0131nda bulunup bulunamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n karar\u0131n\u0131 vermek bazen zor olabilir, bu durumlarda deneyimli bir avukata dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sivil hakaret, &#8220;E\u011fer tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ifade, bir ki\u015finin karakteri, erdemi, \u00fcn\u00fc, kredisi vb. ki\u015filik de\u011ferleri hakk\u0131nda toplumdan al\u0131nan objektif de\u011ferlendirmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyorsa, bu bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi belirtiyor [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63846,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61228"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61228"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61228\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64109,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61228\/revisions\/64109"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63846"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}