{"id":61250,"date":"2023-12-04T11:16:43","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T02:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/?p=61250"},"modified":"2024-03-17T11:03:52","modified_gmt":"2024-03-17T02:03:52","slug":"character-maricar-compensation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation","title":{"rendered":"Mario Kart Olay\u0131 Ara Karar\u0131 ve Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Haklar\u0131 \u0130hlali"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Nintendo&#8217;nun pop\u00fcler oyun karakteri &#8216;Mario&#8217; ve benzeri kost\u00fcmlerin kiralanmas\u0131 ve bu kost\u00fcmlerle halka a\u00e7\u0131k yollarda kart s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin reklam ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, haks\u0131z rekabet eylemi olarak kabul edildi. Bu nedenle, Nintendo, halka a\u00e7\u0131k yol kart kiralama \u015firketi &#8216;Maricar&#8217; (\u015fimdiki ad\u0131yla MARI Mobility Development) aleyhine kullan\u0131m\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 ve 50 milyon yen tazminat talebiyle dava a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu dava, 30 May\u0131s 2019&#8217;da (Japon \u0130mparatorluk Takvimine g\u00f6re Reiwa 1) Japon Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Mahkeme, &#8220;semboller ve kost\u00fcmler benzerlik g\u00f6stermektedir&#8221; diyerek i\u015fletme karlar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine h\u00fckmetti ve MARI \u015firketinin tazminat sorumlulu\u011funu kabul etti. Ayr\u0131ca, CEO&#8217;nun da k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli veya a\u011f\u0131r ihmal i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funa karar vererek, tazminat sorumlulu\u011funu da kabul etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu g\u00fcn verilen karar, ara karard\u0131r ve tazminat miktar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ileride duru\u015fmalar yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ancak, bu ara karar\u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek istiyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#1_Ilk_Yargi_Karari_Ne_Oldu\" title=\"1. \u0130lk Yarg\u0131 Karar\u0131 Ne Oldu?\">1. \u0130lk Yarg\u0131 Karar\u0131 Ne Oldu?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Ara_Karar_Nedir\" title=\" Ara Karar Nedir \"> Ara Karar Nedir <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Orta_Kararin_Tartisma_Noktalari\" title=\"Orta Karar\u0131n Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktalar\u0131\">Orta Karar\u0131n Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktalar\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Isaret_Marka_Kullaniminin_Durdurulmasi_ve_Iptal_Talebinin_Kapsami\" title=\"\u0130\u015faret (Marka) Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Durdurulmas\u0131 ve \u0130ptal Talebinin Kapsam\u0131\">\u0130\u015faret (Marka) Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Durdurulmas\u0131 ve \u0130ptal Talebinin Kapsam\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Alan_Adi_Kullaniminin_Engellenmesi_ve_Kaydin_Silinmesi_Kapsami\" title=\"Alan Ad\u0131 Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Engellenmesi ve Kayd\u0131n Silinmesi Kapsam\u0131\">Alan Ad\u0131 Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Engellenmesi ve Kayd\u0131n Silinmesi Kapsam\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#MARI%E3%83%A2%E3%83%93%E3%83%AATEI_Gelistirme%E2%80%99nin_Yonetim_Kurulu_Baskanina_Yonelik_Tazminat_Talebi\" title=\"MARI\u30e2\u30d3\u30eaTE\u0130 Geli\u015ftirme&#8217;nin Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131na Y\u00f6nelik Tazminat Talebi\">MARI\u30e2\u30d3\u30eaTE\u0130 Geli\u015ftirme&#8217;nin Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131na Y\u00f6nelik Tazminat Talebi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Gelecek_Perspektifleri\" title=\" Gelecek Perspektifleri \"> Gelecek Perspektifleri <\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Tazminat_Miktari\" title=\" Tazminat Miktar\u0131 \"> Tazminat Miktar\u0131 <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Ara_Kararin_Etkisi\" title=\" Ara Karar\u0131n Etkisi \"> Ara Karar\u0131n Etkisi <\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/character-maricar-compensation\/#Ozet\" title=\"\u00d6zet\">\u00d6zet<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Ilk_Yargi_Karari_Ne_Oldu\"><\/span>1. \u0130lk Yarg\u0131 Karar\u0131 Ne Oldu?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>MARI Mobility Development, Nintendo&#8217;nun pop\u00fcler oyunu &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221;\u0131n k\u0131saltmas\u0131 &#8220;Maricar&#8221;\u0131 izinsiz olarak \u015firket ad\u0131 ve hizmet ad\u0131nda kullanm\u0131\u015f, Mario, Luigi, Yoshi gibi pop\u00fcler karakterlerin kost\u00fcmlerini kart kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 vermi\u015f ve kart\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini i\u015f ve reklam ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, Nintendo, MARI Mobility Development&#8217;\u0131 haks\u0131z rekabet ve telif hakk\u0131 ihlali nedeniyle dava etmi\u015fti. Ancak, Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 27 Eyl\u00fcl 2018 (Gregorian takvimine g\u00f6re 2018) tarihli karar\u0131nda Nintendo&#8217;nun iddialar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kabul etmi\u015f ve 10 milyon yen tazminat \u00f6denmesini emretmi\u015ftir. Ancak, Japonca&#8217;y\u0131 anlamayan yabanc\u0131 turistleri hedef alan &#8220;MariCar&#8221; gibi kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n haks\u0131z rekabet eylemi olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha sonra, hem Nintendo hem de MARI Mobility Development temyiz etmi\u015f ve dava, Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ara_Karar_Nedir\"><\/span> Ara Karar Nedir <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130leride nihai karara ge\u00e7ilip ge\u00e7ilmeyece\u011fi ya da bir uzla\u015fma olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda dikkatler toplanm\u0131\u015fken, asl\u0131nda &#8220;ara karar&#8221;\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu merak ediyor olabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir duru\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, bu duru\u015fmay\u0131 sonland\u0131ran karara &#8220;nihai karar&#8221; denir (Japon Medeni Usul Kanunu 243. madde). Genellikle &#8220;karar&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u015fey budur, ancak &#8220;ara karar&#8221;, duru\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda taraflar aras\u0131nda anla\u015fmazl\u0131k olan konular hakk\u0131nda verilen karard\u0131r (Japon Medeni Usul Kanunu 245. madde). Ara karar\u0131n amac\u0131, duru\u015fmay\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek ve nihai karar\u0131 haz\u0131rlamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ara karar verilip verilmeyece\u011fi, mahkemenin takdirine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak ara karar verilen durumlar \u00e7ok fazla de\u011fildir. Fikri m\u00fclkiyet davalar\u0131nda (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Davalar\u0131), Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin, patent ihlali kabul edilen durumlarda, b\u00f6lge mahkemesinin karar\u0131n\u0131 tersine \u00e7evirdi\u011fi ve ara karar verdi\u011fi birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin, &#8220;Kesilmi\u015f Mochi Olay\u0131&#8221; (Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, 7 Eyl\u00fcl 2011 tarihli ara karar) durumunda, icad\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;mochi&#8221; olarak belirleyen patentin patent sahibi olan temyiz eden (ilk derece davac\u0131s\u0131), daval\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn (kesilmi\u015f mochi) \u00fcretimi, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve ihracat\u0131n\u0131n patent ihlali oldu\u011funu iddia ederek, daval\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 daval\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretiminin, devrinin vb. durdurulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve daval\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin imhas\u0131n\u0131 talep etti ve ayr\u0131ca 1 milyar 485 milyon yen \u00f6denmesini talep etti. Ancak, ilk karar t\u00fcm talepleri reddetti. Bu nedenle, temyiz eden taraf temyiz etti ve ara karar olarak, daval\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bu icad\u0131n t\u00fcm bile\u015fenlerini kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu icad\u0131n teknik kapsam\u0131na dahil oldu\u011fu ve bu patentin patent ge\u00e7ersizlik incelemesi ile ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ara kararda, birinci derece Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi karar\u0131ndan daha geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde Nintendo&#8217;nun iddialar\u0131n\u0131 kabul eden bir karar verildi. Yani, Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, Nintendo&#8217;nun b\u00f6lge mahkemesi karar\u0131na itiraz etti\u011fi k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 da kabul ederek, bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar dahilinde b\u00f6lge mahkemesi karar\u0131yla k\u0131smen farkl\u0131 bir karar verdi. Bu, toplumda b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi g\u00f6ren bir dava oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, zarar miktar\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, mahkemenin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, bu dava, tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli olmas\u0131 ve her tart\u0131\u015fma konusu etraf\u0131nda taraflar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yo\u011fun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, ara karar\u0131n duru\u015fman\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma etkisi de b\u00fcy\u00fck olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Orta_Kararin_Tartisma_Noktalari\"><\/span>Orta Karar\u0131n Tart\u0131\u015fma Noktalar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu orta kararda, tart\u0131\u015fma noktalar\u0131 15 maddeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda, Nintendo&#8217;nun birinci derece mahkeme karar\u0131na itiraz etti\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fc\u00e7 nokta a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Isaret_Marka_Kullaniminin_Durdurulmasi_ve_Iptal_Talebinin_Kapsami\"><\/span>\u0130\u015faret (Marka) Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Durdurulmas\u0131 ve \u0130ptal Talebinin Kapsam\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yerel mahkeme karar\u0131nda, &#8220;Maricar&#8221; ifadesinin, Japonca bilmeyenler aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n veya tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu kabul edilmedi ve yaln\u0131zca yabanc\u0131 dilde yaz\u0131lan web siteleri ve bro\u015f\u00fcrler i\u00e7in &#8220;MariCar&#8221; gibi i\u015faret (marka) kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 ve iptali kabul edilmedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, bu ara kararda, &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221;\u0131n \u0130ngilizce yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 olan &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; ifadesinin hem i\u00e7 hem de d\u0131\u015f piyasalarda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu kabul edildi ve bu durumla benzer olan &#8220;MariCar&#8221; gibi i\u015faretleri (markalar\u0131) kullanan MARI Mobility Development&#8217;\u0131n eylemleri, yaln\u0131zca yabanc\u0131 dilde yaz\u0131lan web sitelerinde de kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda haks\u0131z rekabet eylemi olarak kabul edildi. Bu nedenle, Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin nihai karar\u0131n\u0131 vermesi durumunda, yaln\u0131zca yabanc\u0131 dilde yaz\u0131lan web siteleri i\u00e7in de bu i\u015faretlerin (markalar\u0131n) durdurulmas\u0131 ve iptal taleplerinin kabul edilece\u011fi tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130\u015faret (marka) kullan\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yerel mahkeme karar\u0131 ve ara karar aras\u0131nda bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k vard\u0131, ancak bu farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedeni, uygulanan Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yerel mahkeme karar\u0131nda, &#8220;Maricar&#8221; ifadesi, Nintendo&#8217;nun pop\u00fcler oyun serisi &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221;\u0131 ifade eder ve Japonya&#8217;daki oyunla ilgilenen herkes taraf\u0131ndan bilinir ve Nintendo&#8217;nun ilgili oldu\u011fu i\u015fletmelerle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa neden olabilece\u011fi belirtilerek, Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 2. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 1. bendi (kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yaratan eylemler) ihlal edildi\u011fi belirtildi, ancak yaln\u0131zca yabanc\u0131 dilde yaz\u0131lan web siteleri i\u00e7in kabul edilmedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, bu ara kararda, &#8220;Mario Kart&#8221; ifadesinin i\u00e7 piyasada, &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; ifadesinin ise hem i\u00e7 hem de d\u0131\u015f piyasalarda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu belirtilerek, Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 2. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 2. bendi (tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f i\u015faretlerin izinsiz kullan\u0131m\u0131) ihlal edildi\u011fi belirtildi. &#8220;Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f&#8221; ifadesi, &#8220;bilinen&#8221;den daha y\u00fcksek bir tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>  Madde 2: Bu yasada &#8220;haks\u0131z rekabet&#8221;, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri ifade eder.<br> 1. f\u0131kra 1. bent: Ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n mal veya hizmetlerini ifade eden i\u015faretler (bir ki\u015finin i\u015fiyle ilgili ad\u0131, ticaret unvan\u0131, ticari marka, amblem, mal\u0131n kab\u0131 veya ambalaj\u0131 veya bir mal veya i\u015fletmeyi ifade eden di\u011fer \u015feyler. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ayn\u0131.) ve talep edenler aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak tan\u0131nan ayn\u0131 veya benzer mal veya hizmet i\u015faretlerini kullanmak, veya bu mal veya hizmet i\u015faretlerini kullanan mallar\u0131 devretmek, teslim etmek, sergilemek, ihra\u00e7 etmek, ithal etmek veya elektronik ileti\u015fim hatlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sunmak ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n mal veya i\u015fletmeleriyle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa neden olacak eylemler<br> 1. f\u0131kra 2. bent: Kendi mal veya hizmet i\u015faretleri olarak ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f mal veya hizmet i\u015faretlerini ayn\u0131 veya benzer \u015fekilde kullanmak, veya bu mal veya hizmet i\u015faretlerini kullanan mallar\u0131 devretmek, teslim etmek, sergilemek, ihra\u00e7 etmek, ithal etmek veya elektronik ileti\u015fim hatlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sunmak<br><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 2. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 1. bendi yerine 2. bendinin ihlal edildi\u011fi durumda, ne t\u00fcr bir anlam\u0131 vard\u0131r?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir i\u015faretin izinsiz kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 (izinsiz kullan\u0131m) durumunda, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa neden olmasa bile, izinsiz kullan\u0131c\u0131, i\u015f \u00e7abas\u0131 g\u00f6stermeden tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f i\u015faretin m\u00fc\u015fteri \u00e7ekme g\u00fcc\u00fcne &#8220;bedava bini\u015f (free ride)&#8221; yapabilirken, uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcren i\u015f \u00e7abas\u0131 sonucunda y\u00fcksek kredi, \u00fcn ve itibar kazanan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f i\u015faret ve bunu aslen kullanan ki\u015fi aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f zay\u0131flat\u0131l\u0131r (sekreter, dilution).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 2. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 2. bendi, bu t\u00fcr bedava bini\u015f veya seyreltme durumlar\u0131ndan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f i\u015faretleri korumak i\u00e7in olan bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa neden olma ihtimali gereksizdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MARI Mobility Development, kart g\u00f6vdelerinde &#8220;Nintendo ile ilgisi yok&#8221; gibi reddedici ifadeler kullan\u0131yor olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa neden olma ihtimalinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyordu, ancak Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 2. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 2. bendinde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa neden olma ihtimalinin gereksiz oldu\u011funu belirtti\u011fi i\u00e7in, MARI Mobility Development&#8217;\u0131n reddedici ifadeler kullan\u0131yor olmas\u0131, \u015firketin Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131 ihlalini reddeden bir durum de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/intellectual-property-infringement-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/intellectual-property-infringement-risk[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alan_Adi_Kullaniminin_Engellenmesi_ve_Kaydin_Silinmesi_Kapsami\"><\/span>Alan Ad\u0131 Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Engellenmesi ve Kayd\u0131n Silinmesi Kapsam\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yerel mahkeme karar\u0131nda, &#8220;Maricar&#8221; ifadesinin, Japonca bilmeyenler aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yaln\u0131zca yabanc\u0131 dilde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir web sitesinde &#8220;maricar&#8221; i\u00e7eren bir alan ad\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa, Nintendo&#8217;nun ticari \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmeyece\u011fi ve engellenmeyece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, bu ara kararda, &#8220;maricar&#8221;\u0131n hem yerel hem de uluslararas\u0131 alanda \u00fcnl\u00fc &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; ifadesine benzer oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p> \u0130lk derece mahkemesindeki daval\u0131 \u015firket, haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 elde etme amac\u0131yla, davac\u0131n\u0131n belirli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini ve &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; ifadesine benzer bu alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bu eylem, Japon Haks\u0131z Rekabet Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n (Japon ~) 2. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 13. bendinde belirtilen haks\u0131z rekabet eylemine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir ve davac\u0131n\u0131n ticari \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na zarar verir. <br> Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, 30 May\u0131s 2019 (Gregorian Takvimi) tarihli ara karar <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve &#8220;haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 elde etme amac\u0131yla&#8221; &#8220;MARIO KART&#8221; ve &#8220;Maricar&#8221; ifadelerine benzer alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 (maricar.jp, maricar.co.jp, fuji-maricar.jp, maricar.com) kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle, Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin nihai karar\u0131n\u0131 vermesi durumunda, yaln\u0131zca yabanc\u0131 dilde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir web sitesinde kullan\u0131lan alan adlar\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi ve bu alan adlar\u0131n\u0131n kayd\u0131n\u0131n silinmesi taleplerinin de kabul edilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-law-registration-confuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-law-registration-confuse[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MARI%E3%83%A2%E3%83%93%E3%83%AATEI_Gelistirme%E2%80%99nin_Yonetim_Kurulu_Baskanina_Yonelik_Tazminat_Talebi\"><\/span>MARI\u30e2\u30d3\u30eaTE\u0130 Geli\u015ftirme&#8217;nin Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131na Y\u00f6nelik Tazminat Talebi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eirketler Kanunu (Japon \u015eirketler Kanunu), bir \u015firketin y\u00f6neticisi, g\u00f6revini yerine getirirken k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli veya ciddi bir hata yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere kar\u015f\u0131 tazminat sorumlulu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir (Madde 429, F\u0131kra 1). Nintendo, bu h\u00fckme dayanarak, MARI\u30e2\u30d3\u30eaTE\u0130 Geli\u015ftirme&#8217;nin Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel tazminat sorumlulu\u011funu da sorgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu konuda, b\u00f6lge mahkemesi karar\u0131nda, \u015firketin Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n haks\u0131z rekabet veya telif hakk\u0131 ihlali yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmedi ve Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tazminat talebi reddedildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, bu ara kararda, bir y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyesinin \u015firketin haks\u0131z rekabet eylemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmemesini sa\u011flama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc oldu\u011fu ve \u015firketin Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n bu t\u00fcr bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareket etti\u011fi ve k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli veya en az\u0131ndan ciddi bir hata yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi ve Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tazminat talebi kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, &#8220;free-riding&#8221; (haks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flama) unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmak zor olabilir, ancak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli bir &#8220;free-riding&#8221; olarak kabul edilirse, bu ara karar gibi, Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel sorumlulu\u011fu da sorgulanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gelecek_Perspektifleri\"><\/span> Gelecek Perspektifleri <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_130241864-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9741\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelecekte, nihai karara do\u011fru, ara karar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi temel al\u0131narak, tazminat miktar\u0131 gibi durumlar incelenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tazminat_Miktari\"><\/span> Tazminat Miktar\u0131 <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p> Tazminat miktar\u0131 konusunda, Nintendo, temyiz mahkemesinde, tazminat talep miktar\u0131n\u0131 10 milyon yen&#8217;den (yakla\u015f\u0131k 600.000 TL) 50 milyon yen&#8217;e (yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 milyon TL) \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda, Nintendo&#8217;nun ilk duru\u015fmada talep etti\u011fi 10 milyon yen, s\u00f6zde &#8220;k\u0131smi talep&#8221; idi ve Nintendo&#8217;nun iddia etti\u011fi zarar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 talep etmiyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Nintendo, ilk duru\u015fmada zarar miktar\u0131n\u0131 74.9 milyon yen (yakla\u015f\u0131k 4.5 milyon TL) olarak iddia etmi\u015f ve bunun 10 milyon yen&#8217;ini talep etmi\u015fti. Ancak, temyiz mahkemesinde, MARI Mobility&#8217;nin i\u015f s\u00fcreklili\u011fini de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak, zarar miktar\u0131n\u0131 116.6 milyon yen (yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 milyon TL) olarak iddia etmi\u015f ve bunun 50 milyon yen&#8217;ini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, Nintendo&#8217;nun ilk duru\u015fmadaki talep miktar\u0131n\u0131 sadece biraz a\u015fan 10.264.609 yen&#8217;i (yakla\u015f\u0131k 615.000 TL) Nintendo&#8217;nun zarar miktar\u0131 olarak kabul etti. Gelecekte, e\u011fer temyiz mahkemesinde bir uzla\u015fma sa\u011flanamaz ve Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi nihai bir karar verirse, tazminat miktar\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar olaca\u011f\u0131 merak konusu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ara_Kararin_Etkisi\"><\/span> Ara Karar\u0131n Etkisi <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p> Her \u015feye hemen bir k\u0131saltma eklenen ve bu k\u0131saltmalar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn ad\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak genel olarak yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Japonya&#8217;da, &#8220;Marika&#8221; gibi k\u0131saltmalar\u0131n, bir savunma i\u00e7in hangi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde marka al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131, \u015firketlerin marka y\u00f6netiminde, maliyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da zor bir sorundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Marka al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f olsa bile, halka a\u00e7\u0131k veya \u00fcnl\u00fc bir g\u00f6steriyi korumak, Japon Haks\u0131z Rekabet \u00d6nleme Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n (Unfair Competition Prevention Act) i\u015flevidir. Ancak, bu ara kararda, b\u00f6lge mahkemesi karar\u0131ndan daha geni\u015f bir kapsamda haks\u0131z rekabet \u00f6nleme yasas\u0131 ile koruma kabul edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, gelecekteki \u015firket marka y\u00f6netiminde, bu olumlu bir geli\u015fme olarak kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-trademark-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/domain-trademark-company[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozet\"><\/span>\u00d6zet<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu karar, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n (ba\u015fka \u015firketlerin) \u00fcr\u00fcn adlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131saltmalar\u0131n\u0131 veya \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde yer alan karakterlerin kost\u00fcmlerini kullanarak i\u015f yapanlara, Japon Haks\u0131z Rekabet \u00d6nleme Yasas\u0131&#8217;na dayanarak bir yarg\u0131 getirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in referans al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer yandan, bu karar, telif haklar\u0131na dayal\u0131 taleplerle ilgili olarak, durdurma gereklili\u011fi veya se\u00e7ici birle\u015fme nedeniyle somut bir yarg\u0131da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, cosplay ve telif haklar\u0131 sorununa girmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nintendo&#8217;nun pop\u00fcler oyun karakteri &#8216;Mario&#8217; ve benzeri kost\u00fcmlerin kiralanmas\u0131 ve bu kost\u00fcmlerle halka a\u00e7\u0131k yollarda kart s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin reklam ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, haks\u0131z  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63840,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,28],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61250"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61250"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64107,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61250\/revisions\/64107"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}