{"id":61374,"date":"2023-12-04T11:20:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T02:20:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/?p=61374"},"modified":"2024-03-20T13:25:10","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T04:25:10","slug":"non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation","title":{"rendered":"Tutukland\u0131ktan sonra su\u00e7lamalardan feragat edilirse iftira ve hakaret hakaret say\u0131l\u0131r m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>&#8220;\u0130ftira ve hakaret&#8221;, ba\u015fkalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda temelsiz k\u00f6t\u00fc s\u00f6zler yayarak onlar\u0131n itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyen bir eylem olup, belirli ko\u015fullar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, itibar zedeleme gibi su\u00e7lardan dolay\u0131 tazminat talepleri ve cezai yapt\u0131r\u0131mlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, son zamanlarda, \u00f6zellikle kolayca payla\u015f\u0131m yap\u0131labilen sosyal medya platformlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7eren iftira ve hakaretler b\u00fcy\u00fck bir toplumsal sorun haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Web sitemizde de, iftira ve hakaret sonucu itibar zedeleme su\u00e7unun olu\u015fum ko\u015fullar\u0131, iftira ve hakaretlere kar\u015f\u0131 hukuki tedbirler, ma\u011fduriyet bildirimi nas\u0131l yaz\u0131l\u0131r, yorum yapan\u0131n kimli\u011finin belirlenmesi, iftira ve hakaret i\u00e7eren yorumlar\u0131n nas\u0131l silinece\u011fi gibi konular\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u00e7\u0131lardan ele ald\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu sefer, bir tutuklama haberine ili\u015fkin olarak, \u015f\u00fcphelinin dava edilmemesi durumunda, ceza kanununda belirtilen &#8220;itibar zedeleme&#8221; su\u00e7una girip girmedi\u011fi konusunda, \u00f6nceki yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131na dayanarak bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yapaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Davanin_Acilmamasi_Nedir\" title=\"Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 Nedir?\">Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 Nedir?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Suphe_Yok\" title=\"\u015e\u00fcphe Yok\">\u015e\u00fcphe Yok<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Yetersiz_Suphe\" title=\"Yetersiz \u015e\u00fcphe\">Yetersiz \u015e\u00fcphe<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Dava_Acma_Ertelenmesi\" title=\"Dava A\u00e7ma Ertelenmesi\">Dava A\u00e7ma Ertelenmesi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Davanin_Acilmamasi_ve_Beraat_Arasindaki_Fark\" title=\"Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve Beraat Aras\u0131ndaki Fark\">Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve Beraat Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Itibar_Ihlali_Davalari\" title=\"\u0130tibar \u0130hlali Davalar\u0131\">\u0130tibar \u0130hlali Davalar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Supheli_Beraat_Ettiginde_Itibar_Zedelenmesi\" title=\"\u015e\u00fcpheli Beraat Etti\u011finde \u0130tibar Zedelenmesi\">\u015e\u00fcpheli Beraat Etti\u011finde \u0130tibar Zedelenmesi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Bu_olaydaki_yasadisiligin_varligi\" title=\"Bu olaydaki yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131\">Bu olaydaki yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Suphelinin_Sucsuz_Bulundugu_Durumlarda_Itibar_Zedelenmesi\" title=\"\u015e\u00fcphelinin Su\u00e7suz Bulundu\u011fu Durumlarda \u0130tibar Zedelenmesi\">\u015e\u00fcphelinin Su\u00e7suz Bulundu\u011fu Durumlarda \u0130tibar Zedelenmesi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Ilgili_Konudaki_Yasal_Durum\" title=\"\u0130lgili Konudaki Yasal Durum\">\u0130lgili Konudaki Yasal Durum<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation\/#Ozet\" title=\"\u00d6zet\">\u00d6zet<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Davanin_Acilmamasi_Nedir\"><\/span>Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 = su\u00e7suzluk, yani su\u00e7suz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131yor gibi bir izlenim ta\u015f\u0131yan bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum, bu y\u00fczden davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda temel bir \u015feyi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131, bir savc\u0131n\u0131n bir su\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelemenin sonucunda, bir mahkemenin yarg\u0131lamas\u0131na gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verip dava a\u00e7mamas\u0131d\u0131r ve davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmama nedenleri aras\u0131nda &#8220;\u015f\u00fcphe yok&#8221;, &#8220;yetersiz \u015f\u00fcphe&#8221; ve &#8220;dava a\u00e7ma erteleme&#8221; olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcr bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Suphe_Yok\"><\/span>\u015e\u00fcphe Yok<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015e\u00fcphe yok, bir soru\u015fturman\u0131n sonucunda, \u015f\u00fcphelinin su\u00e7lu oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlayabilecek bir kan\u0131t olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yani bir \u015f\u00fcphenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yetersiz_Suphe\"><\/span>Yetersiz \u015e\u00fcphe<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yetersiz \u015f\u00fcphe, \u015f\u00fcphelinin su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu konusunda bir \u015f\u00fcphe olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, su\u00e7u kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in yeterli kan\u0131t olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dava_Acma_Ertelenmesi\"><\/span>Dava A\u00e7ma Ertelenmesi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dava a\u00e7ma ertelenmesi, su\u00e7u kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in yeterli kan\u0131t olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, su\u00e7un hafifli\u011fi, derin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve rehabilitasyon olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, ma\u011fdur ile yap\u0131lan anla\u015fma, toplumsal yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vb. \u00e7e\u015fitli durumlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak dava a\u00e7may\u0131 ertelemektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Davanin_Acilmamasi_ve_Beraat_Arasindaki_Fark\"><\/span>Davan\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve Beraat Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131&#8221; (\u4e0d\u8d77\u8a34), \u015f\u00fcphelinin yarg\u0131lanmamas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelirken, &#8220;beraat&#8221; tamamen farkl\u0131 bir terim olup, yarg\u0131lama sonucunda bir kararla belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 durumlar\u0131nda da &#8220;\u015f\u00fcphe yok&#8221; ve &#8220;yetersiz \u015f\u00fcphe&#8221; ifadeleri, su\u00e7lu bir karar alman\u0131n zor oldu\u011fu durumlar\u0131 belirtir ve bu durumlar beraate yak\u0131nd\u0131r. Ancak, &#8220;dava a\u00e7ma erteleme&#8221; (\u8d77\u8a34\u7336\u4e88), su\u00e7u kan\u0131tlayabilecek kan\u0131tlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ve yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7lu olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu durumlar\u0131 ifade eder. Bu nedenle, ayn\u0131 davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 durumunda bile, nedenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 anlamlar ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Itibar_Ihlali_Davalari\"><\/span>\u0130tibar \u0130hlali Davalar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-27307\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eimdi, bir ki\u015finin tutukland\u0131ktan sonra dava a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 durumunda, tutuklama haberlerinin itibar ihlali olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanan itibar ihlali olaylar\u0131na dayanarak mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk olarak, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve i\u015f yasalar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k iddias\u0131yla dava a\u00e7\u0131lan ve belgelerin g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi bir i\u015fletmenin dava a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 durumunda, gazete haberleri nedeniyle itibar\u0131n\u0131n zedelendi\u011fini iddia ederek tazminat talep etti\u011fi bir durumu ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Supheli_Beraat_Ettiginde_Itibar_Zedelenmesi\"><\/span>\u015e\u00fcpheli Beraat Etti\u011finde \u0130tibar Zedelenmesi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130\u015fletme X, bir hastane sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, \u015eubat 1993 (Heisei 5) tarihinde al\u0131c\u0131 A taraf\u0131ndan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve &#8216;Japon Emlak \u0130\u015flemi Yasas\u0131&#8217; ihlali su\u00e7lamalar\u0131yla dava edildi ve belgeleri savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Y Gazetesi, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n 20 Ekim tarihinde, i\u015fletme X&#8217;in hastaneye b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda teminat ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilmeden 3 milyon yen kapora almakla su\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir makale yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Daha sonra, i\u015fletme X hakk\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131 ve A taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan sivil dava da kazand\u0131. 1997&#8217;de (Heisei 9) Y Gazetesi&#8217;ne kar\u015f\u0131 tazminat talep etmek i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinci derece mahkeme karar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Y Gazetesi&#8217;nin makalesi anonim olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, i\u015fletme X&#8217;i neredeyse belirleyebilir, belirtilen \u015f\u00fcpheli olay\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ve somut bir \u015fekilde belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fl\u0131kta &#8216;B\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda teminat\u0131n ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hastane sat\u0131\u015f\u0131nda&#8217; ve &#8216;3 milyon yen kapora al\u0131r&#8217; \u015feklinde kesin bir vurgu yap\u0131l\u0131r, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve yasa ihlali \u015f\u00fcphesi yo\u011fundur. Bu, i\u015fletme X&#8217;in toplumdaki de\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr ve itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeler. Ancak, ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve ger\u00e7e\u011fi yanl\u0131\u015f anlama konusunda makul bir neden yoktur.&#8221; <cite>Sendai B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 22 Temmuz 1997 Karar\u0131<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle, Y Gazetesi&#8217;ne 600.000 yen \u00f6deme emri verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Y Gazetesi&#8217;nin, birinci derece mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmeyerek temyiz etti\u011fi mahkemenin karar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Bu makale, birinci derece mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n belirtti\u011fi gibi i\u015fletme X&#8217;in itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeler. Dava dosyas\u0131n\u0131n savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6nderilmesi hakk\u0131ndaki haberler, beraat eden olaylar\u0131 da i\u00e7erdi\u011fi i\u00e7in ifade \u00fczerinde dikkatli bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme gerektirir. Makalenin i\u00e7eri\u011fi, \u015f\u00fcpheli olay\u0131n soru\u015fturma organlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan inceleme veya r\u00f6portajlar gibi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla desteklendi\u011fi ve \u015f\u00fcphenin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu izlenimini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde verir. Ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 gereken konu, \u015f\u00fcphenin ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla desteklendi\u011fi ve yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fidir, ancak bu kan\u0131tlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, Y Gazetesi&#8217;nin r\u00f6portaj\u0131, ilgili polis karakolundan \u015f\u00fcphenin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu izlenimini almad\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca, ilgili ki\u015filerden hi\u00e7bir durumu dinlemedi ve ger\u00e7e\u011fi yanl\u0131\u015f anlama konusunda makul bir neden oldu\u011funu kabul edilemez.&#8221; <cite>Sendai Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, 26 Haziran 1998 Karar\u0131<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle, i\u015fletme X&#8217;in zarar\u0131 600.000 yen olarak kabul edildi ve Y Gazetesi&#8217;nin temyiz ba\u015fvurusu ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in reddedildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_olaydaki_yasadisiligin_varligi\"><\/span>Bu olaydaki yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">Japon Ceza Kanunu Madde 230 (Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Davran\u0131\u015flar) <br> 1. Herhangi bir ki\u015finin onurunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ve ger\u00e7ek bir durumu belirterek k\u0131ran ki\u015fi, durumun ger\u00e7ek olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, 3 y\u0131la kadar hapis veya para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<br> 2. Bir \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn onurunu k\u0131ran ki\u015fi, yalan bir durumu belirtmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Japon Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun 230. maddesine g\u00f6re, onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 temel unsur vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u21e8 Genel halk\u0131n bilgi edinebilece\u011fi bir y\u00f6ntemle<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ger\u00e7ek bir durumu belirtmek \u21e8 Belirli bir durumu belirtmek (Durumun ger\u00e7ek olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir ki\u015finin onurunu k\u0131rmak \u21e8 Bir ki\u015finin toplumsal de\u011ferlendirmesini tehlikeye atabilecek bir durum yaratmak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n olu\u015fum ko\u015fullar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki makalede daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu olayda, Y Gazetesi&#8217;nin makalesi, X i\u015fletmesinin belirlenmesinin kolay olmas\u0131 ve \u015f\u00fcpheli durumun belirgin bir \u015fekilde belirtilmesi nedeniyle, X i\u015fletmesinin toplumsal de\u011ferlendirmesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek onurunu k\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n olu\u015fum ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7in Japon Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun 230.2 maddesinde belirtilen &#8220;yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131k engelleme nedeni&#8221; varsa, yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 say\u0131lmaz. Ancak, Y Gazetesi&#8217;nin haberle\u015fme amac\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak&#8221; oldu\u011funu varsaysak bile, ger\u00e7e\u011fin kan\u0131tlanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle uygulanmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u015fekilde, bas\u0131n organlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00fcpheli bir ki\u015finin belgelerini g\u00f6ndermesini ele al\u0131rken, su\u00e7suz olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ziyade ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin kan\u0131tlanmamas\u0131 ve su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu izlenimini vermesi durumunda, onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015fla su\u00e7lanma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Suphelinin_Sucsuz_Bulundugu_Durumlarda_Itibar_Zedelenmesi\"><\/span>\u015e\u00fcphelinin Su\u00e7suz Bulundu\u011fu Durumlarda \u0130tibar Zedelenmesi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/non-indictment-after-arrest-correspond-defamation1-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-27306\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130kinci olay, birinci derece mahkemede su\u00e7lu bulunan \u015f\u00fcphelinin temyiz mahkemesinde su\u00e7suz bulunmas\u0131 ve su\u00e7la ilgili ifadelerde bulunan ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 itibar zedelenmesi nedeniyle tazminat talep edilmesi durumudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H Telefon \u015eirketi&#8217;nin CEO&#8217;su B, &#8220;\u015firket fonlar\u0131n\u0131n zimmetine ge\u00e7irilmesi&#8221; ve &#8220;\u015firketin sahip oldu\u011fu sanat eserlerini evine g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek zimmetine ge\u00e7irme&#8221; su\u00e7lamalar\u0131yla i\u015fyerinde h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan yarg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f ve 1985 (Showa 60) y\u0131l\u0131nda 26 Nisan&#8217;da verilen birinci derece mahkeme karar\u0131nda k\u0131smen su\u00e7lu, k\u0131smen su\u00e7suz bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Profes\u00f6r\u00fc A, 1986 (Showa 61) y\u0131l\u0131nda 25 \u015eubat&#8217;ta yay\u0131nlanan &#8220;R\u00fc\u015fvet Hikayeleri&#8221; adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, CEO B&#8217;nin &#8220;\u015firket fonlar\u0131n\u0131n zimmetine ge\u00e7irilmesi&#8221; hakk\u0131nda, birinci derece mahkeme karar\u0131na dayanarak ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yazm\u0131\u015f ve k\u0131smen su\u00e7suz bulunan eylemleri de ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1991 (Heisei 3) y\u0131l\u0131nda 12 Mart&#8217;ta verilen temyiz mahkemesi karar\u0131nda, birinci derece mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen su\u00e7lu buldu\u011fu CEO B&#8217;nin &#8220;\u015firket fonlar\u0131n\u0131n zimmetine ge\u00e7irilmesi&#8221; tamamen su\u00e7suz bulunmu\u015f, &#8220;\u015firketin sahip oldu\u011fu sanat eserlerini evine g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek zimmetine ge\u00e7irme&#8221;nin sadece bir k\u0131sm\u0131 su\u00e7lu bulunmu\u015f ve temyiz mahkemesi karar\u0131 kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CEO B, &#8220;R\u00fc\u015fvet Hikayeleri&#8221; makalesinin itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeledi\u011fini iddia ederek Profes\u00f6r A&#8217;dan tazminat talep etmi\u015f ve birinci derece mahkemede CEO B&#8217;ye y\u00f6nelik itibar zedelenmesi nedeniyle haks\u0131z fiil sorumlulu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015f ve Profes\u00f6r B&#8217;ye 500.000 yen tazminat \u00f6denmesi emredilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu durumu kabul etmeyerek temyiz eden Profes\u00f6r B&#8217;ye kar\u015f\u0131 mahkemenin karar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u0130tibar zedelenmesi, eylemin halk\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir ger\u00e7ekle ilgili oldu\u011fu ve amac\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 hedefledi\u011fi durumlarda, belirtilen ger\u00e7e\u011fin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamak, bu eylemin yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Ayr\u0131ca, ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in bir kan\u0131t olmasa bile, eylemci bunun ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funa dair makul bir nedeni oldu\u011funda, bu eylemde kas\u0131t veya ihmal yoktur ve haks\u0131z fiil olu\u015fmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CEO B&#8217;nin birinci derece ceza mahkemesi karar\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen ger\u00e7ekler ve karar gerek\u00e7esinde kabul edilen ger\u00e7ekler hakk\u0131nda, Profes\u00f6r A&#8217;n\u0131n bunlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ek olarak belirtti\u011fi durumlarda, \u00f6zel bir durum olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, daha sonra temyiz mahkemesinde bu ger\u00e7eklerin farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair bir karar verilse bile, belirtilen ger\u00e7ekleri ger\u00e7ek olarak kabul etmek i\u00e7in makul bir neden oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CEO B&#8217;nin birinci derece ceza mahkemesi karar\u0131nda kabul edilen ger\u00e7ekler ve &#8220;R\u00fc\u015fvet Hikayeleri&#8221;nde Profes\u00f6r A&#8217;n\u0131n belirtti\u011fi ger\u00e7ekler aras\u0131nda bir \u00f6zde\u015flik oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, bu nedenle Profes\u00f6r A&#8217;da kas\u0131t veya ihmal kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n<cite>Yarg\u0131tay, 1999 (Heisei 11) 26 Ekim Karar\u0131 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle, Profes\u00f6r A&#8217;n\u0131n itibar zedelenmesi nedeniyle haks\u0131z fiil olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ilgili_Konudaki_Yasal_Durum\"><\/span>\u0130lgili Konudaki Yasal Durum<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-background-color has-background\">Japon Ceza Kanunu Madde 230\/2 (Kamu Yarar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Durumlar \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6zel H\u00fck\u00fcm)<br> \u2488    Birinci f\u0131kradaki eylemin kamu yarar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir durumu ilgilendirdi\u011fi ve amac\u0131n\u0131n tamamen kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak oldu\u011fu kabul edildi\u011finde, durumun do\u011frulu\u011funu de\u011ferlendirir ve do\u011fru oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131 varsa, bu durumu cezaland\u0131rmaz.<br> \u2489    \u0130lk f\u0131kradaki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, kamu davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ki\u015finin su\u00e7 eylemi, kamu yarar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir durum olarak kabul edilir.<br> \u248a    Birinci f\u0131kradaki eylemin bir kamu g\u00f6revlisi veya se\u00e7imle belirlenen bir kamu g\u00f6revlisi aday\u0131 ile ilgili oldu\u011fu durumlarda, durumun do\u011frulu\u011funu de\u011ferlendirir ve do\u011fru oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131 varsa, bu durumu cezaland\u0131rmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu konu, iftira eyleminin &#8220;kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama amac\u0131&#8221; ile ve &#8220;do\u011fru oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131&#8221; oldu\u011funda yasal engel te\u015fkil eden bir durum olarak kabul edildi\u011fi ve iftira eyleminden sonra \u015f\u00fcphelinin belirtilen k\u0131sm\u0131 hakk\u0131nda beraat karar\u0131 almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yasal olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilen bir olayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ceza davas\u0131n\u0131n ilk duru\u015fmas\u0131ndaki karar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi, &#8220;ger\u00e7e\u011fi do\u011fru oldu\u011funa inanmak i\u00e7in makul bir neden&#8221; olarak, Japon Ceza Kanunu Madde 230\/2&#8217;nin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki &#8220;ger\u00e7e\u011fin kan\u0131t\u0131&#8221; ile e\u015fde\u011fer olarak kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, iftira su\u00e7unun yasal engelini a\u015fma hakk\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki makalede ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/libel-law-utility\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/libel-law-utility[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozet\"><\/span>\u00d6zet<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LINE gibi sosyal medya platformlar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131m\u0131za derinden n\u00fcfuz etti\u011fi bu d\u00f6nemde, iftira ve hakaret sonucu olu\u015fan itibar zedelenmesi sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n ne zaman ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za gelece\u011fi bilinmiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, bir kez bu durumun taraf\u0131 oldu\u011funuzda, itibar zedelenmesinin olu\u015fum ko\u015fullar\u0131, yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131k engelleme fakt\u00f6rleri, eylem an\u0131ndaki durum gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli unsurlar\u0131n incelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu t\u00fcr hassas konular\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek yerine, uzman hukuk bilgisi ve deneyimli bir hukuk firmas\u0131na erken bir a\u015famada dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131z ve uygun tavsiyeler alman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;\u0130ftira ve hakaret&#8221;, ba\u015fkalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda temelsiz k\u00f6t\u00fc s\u00f6zler yayarak onlar\u0131n itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyen bir eylem olup, belirli ko\u015fullar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, itibar zedeleme gibi su\u00e7lardan dolay\u0131 taz [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":64811,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61374"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61374"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64812,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61374\/revisions\/64812"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}