{"id":61425,"date":"2023-12-04T11:20:34","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T02:20:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/?p=61425"},"modified":"2024-03-14T16:44:54","modified_gmt":"2024-03-14T07:44:54","slug":"copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos","title":{"rendered":"Foto\u011fraf G\u00f6nderimindeki Telif Hakk\u0131 ve Yazarl\u0131k"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilmi\u015f ve Instagram gibi SNS&#8217;lere y\u00fcklenmi\u015f foto\u011fraflar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7eken ki\u015fi &#8220;telif hakk\u0131&#8221; ad\u0131 verilen bir hakk\u0131 sahiptir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekti\u011fi, yani o ki\u015fiye telif hakk\u0131 olan bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 izinsiz olarak yay\u0131nlarsan\u0131z, telif hakk\u0131 ihlali sorunu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu, foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7eken ki\u015finin profesyonel bir foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir. Genel bir bireyin \u00e7ekti\u011fi bir foto\u011fraf olsa bile, o foto\u011fraf\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Telif hakk\u0131, &#8220;insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ve duygular\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ifade eden k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yarat\u0131mlar\u0131 koruma&#8221; anlam\u0131na gelir ve Japon Telif Hakk\u0131 Yasas\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen bir yasa ile korunmaktad\u0131r. Burada bahsedilen k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yarat\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda edebiyat, sanat, m\u00fczik gibi t\u00fcrler bulunur ve internet \u00fczerinde yay\u0131nlanan foto\u011fraflar ve yaz\u0131lar da dahildir. Telif hakk\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir prosed\u00fcr gerekli de\u011fildir (formalitecilik yoktur), yarat\u0131c\u0131 bir eser olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu anda, yarat\u0131c\u0131ya otomatik olarak telif hakk\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen hak do\u011far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Peki, foto\u011fraflar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, hangi eserlerin telif hakk\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve kimlere telif hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda neler s\u00f6ylenebilir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/copyright-infringement-on-instagram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/copyright-infringement-on-instagram[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Urunun_Cepheden_Cekilmis_Fotografi_Durumunda\" title=\"\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Cepheden \u00c7ekilmi\u015f Foto\u011fraf\u0131 Durumunda\">\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Cepheden \u00c7ekilmi\u015f Foto\u011fraf\u0131 Durumunda<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Davacinin_Selfie_Fotografi_Durumu\" title=\"Davac\u0131n\u0131n Selfie Foto\u011fraf\u0131 Durumu\">Davac\u0131n\u0131n Selfie Foto\u011fraf\u0131 Durumu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Acik_Hava_Yapilarinin_Fotograflanmasi_Durumunda\" title=\"A\u00e7\u0131k Hava Yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Foto\u011fraflanmas\u0131 Durumunda\">A\u00e7\u0131k Hava Yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Foto\u011fraflanmas\u0131 Durumunda<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Sac_Stili_Yarismasi_Model_Fotograflari_Durumu\" title=\"Sa\u00e7 Stili Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Model Foto\u011fraflar\u0131 Durumu\">Sa\u00e7 Stili Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Model Foto\u011fraflar\u0131 Durumu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Ozet\" title=\"\u00d6zet\">\u00d6zet<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urunun_Cepheden_Cekilmis_Fotografi_Durumunda\"><\/span>\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Cepheden \u00c7ekilmi\u015f Foto\u011fraf\u0131 Durumunda<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/shutterstock_1325422601.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6877\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, hangi foto\u011fraflar\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 eseri olarak kabul edildi\u011fi ve kimlere telif hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Sickhouse sendromu \u00f6nleme \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin internet \u00fczerinden reklam ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yapan A \u015firketi, i\u015fletme haklar\u0131n\u0131 X \u015firketine devretmi\u015ftir. X \u015firketi, Y \u015firketi&#8217;nin bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tan\u0131t\u0131m foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 (sabit yerle\u015ftirme tipi ve sprey tipi \u00fcr\u00fcn foto\u011fraflar\u0131) izinsiz olarak kendi web sitesinde yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle, telif hakk\u0131 (\u00e7o\u011faltma ve halka a\u00e7\u0131k iletim hakk\u0131) ihlali nedeniyle tazminat talep etmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk duru\u015fma (Yokohama B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 17 May\u0131s 2005 tarihli karar), foto\u011fraflar\u0131n sadece \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn cepheden \u00e7ekilmi\u015f s\u0131radan bir \u015fey oldu\u011funu belirterek, bu foto\u011fraflar\u0131n telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmemi\u015f ve talebi reddetmi\u015ftir. Ancak, davac\u0131 temyiz etmi\u015ftir ve temyiz duru\u015fmas\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n, hangi \u00e7ekim tekni\u011fi kullan\u0131larak elde edildi\u011fini, foto\u011fraftan anlamak genellikle zordur. Foto\u011fraftan anla\u015f\u0131lan, sonu\u00e7 olarak elde edilen ifadenin i\u00e7eri\u011fidir. Hangi tekni\u011fin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, nesnelerin veya manzaralar\u0131n foto\u011fraflar\u0131nda bile, kompozisyon, \u0131\u015f\u0131k, arka plan vb. genellikle bir \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck belirir ve sonu\u00e7 olarak elde edilen foto\u011fraf\u0131n ifadesi kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir \u00f6zellik g\u00f6sterir ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul edebiliriz.<\/p>\n<cite>Fikri M\u00fclkiyet Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, 29 Mart 2006 tarihli karar <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>ve belirtmi\u015ftir ki, her foto\u011frafta, &#8220;nesnenin kombinasyonu ve d\u00fczenlemesi, kompozisyon ve kamera a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve g\u00f6lge, arka plan vb. belirli bir \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck g\u00f6sterir&#8221; ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k seviyesi \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa bile, telif hakk\u0131 eseri olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir ve telif hakk\u0131 ihlali kabul edilmi\u015ftir. \u00dcr\u00fcn kab\u0131n\u0131 sadece cepheden \u00e7eken bir foto\u011fraf bile, kompozisyon, \u0131\u015f\u0131k, arka plan vb. belirli bir \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck g\u00f6sterir ve bu nedenle bir telif hakk\u0131 eseri olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Y \u015firketi de &#8220;sadece \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn cepheden \u00e7ekilmi\u015f s\u0131radan bir \u015fey&#8221; oldu\u011funu belirterek, bir telif hakk\u0131 eseri oldu\u011funu kabul etmemi\u015f olabilir. Ancak, e\u011fer bu kadar s\u0131radan ve herkesin \u00e7ekebilece\u011fi bir \u015fey olsayd\u0131, Y \u015firketi kendi \u00e7ekimlerini yapmak i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermeliydi. Web sitemizin ba\u015fka bir makalesinde &#8220;Foto\u011fraflar\u0131n \u0130zinsiz Yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 ve Telif Haklar\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkisi&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131da bahsetti\u011fimiz, ismi bilinmeyen bir ki\u015finin internet forumuna kendi \u00e7ekti\u011fi foto\u011fraflar\u0131 yay\u0131nlamas\u0131 sonucu telif hakk\u0131 (\u00e7o\u011faltma ve halka a\u00e7\u0131k iletim hakk\u0131) ihlal edildi\u011fi ve bu nedenle servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131dan g\u00f6nderenin bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etti\u011fi bir \u00f6rnek vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Davacinin_Selfie_Fotografi_Durumu\"><\/span>Davac\u0131n\u0131n Selfie Foto\u011fraf\u0131 Durumu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/shutterstock_1454823944-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7061\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Selfie foto\u011fraflar ki\u015fisel eserler oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bir telif hakk\u0131 sahibi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Davac\u0131, kendisini foto\u011fraflad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir selfie \u00e7ekmi\u015fti, ancak daval\u0131 olan arac\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu foto\u011fraf\u0131n bir eser olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmazken, sadece davac\u0131n\u0131n Twitter hesab\u0131na bir link vermi\u015f oldu\u011funu, bu nedenle ekranda g\u00f6r\u00fcnen y\u00fcz foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu makaleyi yay\u0131nlayan ki\u015finin \u00e7o\u011faltmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve halka sunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015fti. Ancak mahkeme bunu reddetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha sonra, mahkeme de eser oldu\u011funu varsayarak, selfie foto\u011fraf\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in davac\u0131n\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u0131n yazar\u0131 oldu\u011funu kabul etti ve &#8220;Davac\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu yay\u0131nc\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 foto\u011fraf\u0131n \u00e7o\u011faltma ve halka sunma haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etme gerek\u00e7esiyle tazminat talep hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilir. Bu hakk\u0131 kullanmak i\u00e7in, yay\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n bilgilerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kabul edilir&#8221; diyerek, arac\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131ya yay\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n bilgilerini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 emretti (Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 9 Haziran 2017 karar\u0131).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smartphone vb. ile \u00e7ekilen selfie foto\u011fraflar da bir eser olarak kabul edilir ve bir telif hakk\u0131 sahibi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Acik_Hava_Yapilarinin_Fotograflanmasi_Durumunda\"><\/span>A\u00e7\u0131k Hava Yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Foto\u011fraflanmas\u0131 Durumunda<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Sitemizdeki ba\u015fka bir makale olan &#8220;Ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fc izinsiz foto\u011fraflay\u0131p yay\u0131nlaman\u0131n kabul edilebilir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131da belirtti\u011fimiz gibi, &#8220;a\u00e7\u0131k hava yerlerinde s\u00fcrekli olarak yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olan veya mimari eserlerin&#8221; yasaklanm\u0131\u015f eylemler olarak belirlendi\u011fi durumlar, tamamen ayn\u0131 tasar\u0131ma sahip bir yap\u0131 in\u015fa etme eylemi ve hediyelik e\u015fya gibi \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler olu\u015fturup bunlar\u0131 halka satma eylemi gibi durumlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Yani, bu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in, serbest kullan\u0131m kabul edilmi\u015f olup, foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekmek ve bu foto\u011fraflar\u0131 reklamlarda kullanmak sorun olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/photographing-others-property\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/photographing-others-property[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kendi \u00e7ekti\u011fim Yokohama Bay K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc&#8217;n\u00fcn foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 kendi yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir makaleye y\u00fckledim. Ancak, ismi bilinmeyen bir ki\u015fi izinsiz olarak bu foto\u011fraf\u0131 siteye aktard\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine, telif hakk\u0131 sahibi olan davac\u0131, zararlar\u0131n\u0131 tazmin etmek i\u00e7in ge\u00e7i\u015f sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131dan g\u00f6nderenin bilgilerini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 talep etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Ge\u00e7i\u015f sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn yarat\u0131c\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve telif hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131na girmeyece\u011fini savundu. Yokohama Bay K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, s\u00fcrekli olarak a\u00e7\u0131k havada bulunan bir yap\u0131d\u0131r ve bu yap\u0131y\u0131 foto\u011fraflamak isterseniz, odak uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ekim pozisyonu, kompozisyon gibi ifade se\u00e7enekleri do\u011fal olarak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcn de\u011fildir ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermez, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla telif hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131na girmez.<\/p>\n<cite>Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 26 Haziran 2019 (Gregorian Takvimi) Karar\u0131 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, mahkeme,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, Yokohama Bay K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc&#8217;n\u00fcn merkezinde olan bir manzaray\u0131 ak\u015fam vakti foto\u011fraflayan bir foto\u011fraft\u0131r. \u00d6n plandaki kara par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmi\u015f, k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn arkas\u0131ndaki manzara ve ay dahil edilmi\u015ftir. Kompozisyon, a\u00e7\u0131 vb. dikkatlice se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle, bu foto\u011fraf\u0131n bir telif hakk\u0131 eseri oldu\u011fu kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Ayn\u0131 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>diyerek, &#8220;Davac\u0131, bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc \u00e7eken yarat\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015fi olarak kabul edilir&#8221; ifadesiyle tazminat hakk\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti ve ge\u00e7i\u015f sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131ya g\u00f6nderenin bilgilerini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 emretti. Telif hakk\u0131 eseri olarak kabul edilme karar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l verildi\u011fi, referans olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130zinsiz olarak aktaran ismi bilinmeyen ki\u015fi de, a\u00e7\u0131k hava yap\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in foto\u011fraflay\u0131p yay\u0131nlaman\u0131n sorun olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k havada s\u00fcrekli olarak yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir \u015feyi foto\u011fraflamak isterseniz, odak uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ekim pozisyonu, kompozisyon gibi ifade se\u00e7eneklerinin do\u011fal olarak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu nedenle g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn kendisinin yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermeyece\u011fini ve telif hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131na girmeyece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olabilir. Ancak, herkesin \u00e7ekti\u011fi foto\u011fraflar\u0131n benzer oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, kendinizin de \u00e7ekebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, ger\u00e7ekten sahaya gidip, uygun bir kompozisyon ve a\u00e7\u0131 belirleyip, uygun bir zamana kadar bekleyip, kendiniz \u00e7ekmelisiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sac_Stili_Yarismasi_Model_Fotograflari_Durumu\"><\/span>Sa\u00e7 Stili Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Model Foto\u011fraflar\u0131 Durumu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/shutterstock_711308113.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6878\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Son olarak, telif hakk\u0131n\u0131n kimin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu konusunda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir durumu sizlere sunaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 olarak kabul edildi\u011fi durumlarda, kimin yazar olarak kabul edilece\u011fi konusu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yazar\u0131n haklar\u0131, maddi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 koruyan telif hakk\u0131 (m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131) ve ki\u015fisel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 koruyan yazar\u0131n ki\u015filik haklar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak, maddi anlamda telif hakk\u0131, k\u0131smen veya tamamen devredilebilir veya miras b\u0131rak\u0131labilir. Bu nedenle, bu t\u00fcr durumlarda hak sahibi (telif hakk\u0131 sahibi), yazar de\u011fil, telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 devralan veya miras kalan ki\u015fi olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sa\u00e7 stili yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda model foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eken \u00fc\u00e7 foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131dan her birinin foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131n telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 devralan ve bunu sahip oldu\u011funu kabul eden davac\u0131 yay\u0131nevi, her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 bir dergide yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Ancak, daval\u0131 yay\u0131nevi, bunlar\u0131 kendi dergisinde \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131p yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Bu eylemin telif hakk\u0131 (\u00e7o\u011faltma hakk\u0131) ihlali oldu\u011funu iddia ederek, daval\u0131 yay\u0131nevi taraf\u0131ndan foto\u011fraf yay\u0131nlama lisans \u00fccreti kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6deme talep edildi. Davac\u0131 yay\u0131nevi, her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n yazar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bunlar\u0131 devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti. Daval\u0131 yay\u0131nevi, davac\u0131 yay\u0131nevinin telif hakk\u0131na sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 ve her bir kuaf\u00f6r\u00fcn (sa\u00e7 stilisti) ortak eseri oldu\u011funu iddia etti ve kimin telif hakk\u0131 sahibi oldu\u011fu mahkemede tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahkeme, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131nda, konular\u0131n kombinasyonu ve d\u00fczenlemesi, kompozisyon ve kamera a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve g\u00f6lge, arka plan\u0131n ayar\u0131 ve se\u00e7imi vb. \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck belirginle\u015fmi\u015ftir ve bunlar\u0131n her biri, davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eken foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite> Tokyo District Court, 9 Aral\u0131k 2015 (2015) Karar\u0131 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>ve &#8220;Sa\u00e7 stili sadece bir konudur ve belirli bir sa\u00e7 stili, makyaj, kost\u00fcm uygulanan ve belirli bir poz veren model gibi konular\u0131 foto\u011fraf i\u00e7inde se\u00e7me, birle\u015ftirme ve d\u00fczenleme i\u015flemini yapan foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r&#8221; ve &#8220;Kuaf\u00f6r, konuyu foto\u011fraf i\u00e7inde se\u00e7me, birle\u015ftirme ve d\u00fczenleme i\u015flemine dahil olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131n ifade eylemini olu\u015fturan unsurlardan hi\u00e7birini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmemi\u015ftir&#8221; diyerek, davac\u0131n\u0131n her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131n\u0131n, foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7eken \u00fc\u00e7 foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve kuaf\u00f6r\u00fcn ortak yazar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve sonra, davac\u0131 yay\u0131nevinin \u00fc\u00e7 foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131dan her bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu telif hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu kabul etti ve daval\u0131ya telif hakk\u0131 (\u00e7o\u011faltma hakk\u0131) ihlali konusunda kasti veya ihmalini kabul ederek, foto\u011fraf yay\u0131nlama lisans \u00fccreti kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6deme emri verdi. Konular\u0131n i\u00e7inde, \u00f6zg\u00fcn sa\u00e7 stili ve makyaj gibi uygulamalarla ilgili modelin, ayr\u0131 bir telif hakk\u0131 eseri olarak kabul edilebilece\u011fi durumlar olsa bile, foto\u011fraf\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 sonu\u00e7ta foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131ya aittir. Bu, mahkemenin karar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, kararda, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Bir foto\u011fraf, konular\u0131n se\u00e7imi, kombinasyonu ve d\u00fczenlemesi, kompozisyon ve kamera a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ayar\u0131, deklan\u015f\u00f6r zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131n yakalanmas\u0131, konu ve \u0131\u015f\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki (do\u011frudan \u0131\u015f\u0131k, ters \u0131\u015f\u0131k, yan \u0131\u015f\u0131k vb.), g\u00f6lgelendirme, renk kombinasyonu, par\u00e7alar\u0131n vurgulanmas\u0131 veya atlanmas\u0131, arka plan vb. unsurlar\u0131n bir kombinasyonu olarak olu\u015fan bir ifadedir. Bu t\u00fcr foto\u011fraf ifade y\u00f6ntemlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131, lens se\u00e7imi, pozlama ayar\u0131, deklan\u015f\u00f6r h\u0131z\u0131 ve alan derinli\u011fi ayar\u0131, ayd\u0131nlatma gibi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k tekniklerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilebilirken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 otomatik odaklama kameras\u0131 veya dijital kamera gibi mekanik i\u015flemlerden elde edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite> Ayn\u0131 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>diye belirtmi\u015ftir. Ve &#8220;Sonu\u00e7 olarak elde edilen foto\u011fraf\u0131n ifadesinde bu t\u00fcr bir \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck belirginle\u015fiyorsa, burada foto\u011fraf\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 eserinin yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul edebiliriz&#8221; demi\u015ftir. Ancak, bu durumda, foto\u011fraf\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 eserinin olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde kabul edildi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozet\"><\/span>\u00d6zet<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Be\u011fendi\u011finiz bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 indirip, ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc al\u0131p ki\u015fisel cihaz\u0131n\u0131zda saklamak tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olu\u015fturmaz. Ancak, bunu internet \u00fczerinde yeniden yay\u0131nlamak veya \u00e7o\u011faltmak telif hakk\u0131 ihlali olu\u015fturur ve maalesef bu t\u00fcr eylemleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Sadece kendi \u00e7ekti\u011finiz g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri yay\u0131nlamak, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 olan eserlerini izinsiz kullanmamak bir kurald\u0131r. Ancak, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n telif hakk\u0131 olan eserlerini kullanman\u0131z gerekti\u011finde, eser sahibinden izin almal\u0131 ve belirlenen kurallar dahilinde kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilmi\u015f ve Instagram gibi SNS&#8217;lere y\u00fcklenmi\u015f foto\u011fraflar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7eken ki\u015fi &#8220;telif hakk\u0131&#8221; ad\u0131 verilen bir hakk\u0131 sahiptir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ba [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63551,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61425"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61425"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61425\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63552,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61425\/revisions\/63552"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63551"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}