{"id":61507,"date":"2023-12-04T11:22:52","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T02:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/?p=61507"},"modified":"2024-03-15T15:12:53","modified_gmt":"2024-03-15T06:12:53","slug":"risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages","title":{"rendered":"\u015eirketlerin Ki\u015fisel Bilgi S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve Tazminat Riski"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u015eirket y\u00f6netimini \u00e7evreleyen riskler aras\u0131nda y\u00f6netim krizleri, \u015firketin g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan kazalar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, son y\u0131llarda, ki\u015fisel bilgilerin s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bunun sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tazminat riskleri de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tokyo Ticaret Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda halka a\u00e7\u0131k \u015firketler ve bunlar\u0131n i\u015ftiraklerinin ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve kay\u0131p kazalar\u0131n\u0131 66 \u015firketin a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kaza say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 86 oldu\u011funu ve s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lan ki\u015fisel bilgilerin 9.031.734 ki\u015fiye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Bu duruma, halka a\u00e7\u0131k olmayan \u015firketler, yabanc\u0131 \u015firketler, devlet kurumlar\u0131, yerel y\u00f6netimler ve okullar eklenirse, bu say\u0131n\u0131n astronomik boyutlara ula\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/trends-in-personal-information-leakage-and-loss-accidents-in-2019\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/trends-in-personal-information-leakage-and-loss-accidents-in-2019[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 ve kay\u0131p kazalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, hala en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda (Gregorian takvimine g\u00f6re) Temmuz ay\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve Benesse Holdings (Benesse Corporation) taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fc\u015fteri bilgilerinin yetkisiz bir \u015fekilde al\u0131nmas\u0131 sonucu 35.040.000 ki\u015finin ki\u015fisel bilgilerinin s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 olayd\u0131r. Ancak, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu olayla ilgili davalarda yeni geli\u015fmeler g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<br>\nBenesse&#8217;nin sorununu d\u00fczenlerken, \u015firketlerin ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve tazminat riskleri hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye devam ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Benesse_Kisisel_Bilgi_Sizinti_Olayi_Nedir\" title=\"Benesse Ki\u015fisel Bilgi S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 Olay\u0131 Nedir?\">Benesse Ki\u015fisel Bilgi S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 Olay\u0131 Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Yuksek_Mahkemenin_Karari_ve_Temyiz_Mahkemesine_Geri_Gonderme\" title=\"Y\u00fcksek Mahkemenin Karar\u0131 ve Temyiz Mahkemesine Geri G\u00f6nderme\">Y\u00fcksek Mahkemenin Karar\u0131 ve Temyiz Mahkemesine Geri G\u00f6nderme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Yuksek_Mahkemenin_Karari\" title=\"Y\u00fcksek Mahkemenin Karar\u0131\">Y\u00fcksek Mahkemenin Karar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Temyiz_Mahkemesine_Geri_Gonderme_Karari\" title=\"Temyiz Mahkemesine Geri G\u00f6nderme Karar\u0131\">Temyiz Mahkemesine Geri G\u00f6nderme Karar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Benesse%E2%80%99nin_Sorumlulugunu_Kabul_Eden_Ilk_Yargi_Karari\" title=\"Benesse&#8217;nin Sorumlulu\u011funu Kabul Eden \u0130lk Yarg\u0131 Karar\u0131\">Benesse&#8217;nin Sorumlulu\u011funu Kabul Eden \u0130lk Yarg\u0131 Karar\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Birinci_Derece_Mahkeme_Karari\" title=\"Birinci Derece Mahkeme Karar\u0131\">Birinci Derece Mahkeme Karar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Temyiz_Mahkemesi_Karari\" title=\"Temyiz Mahkemesi Karar\u0131\">Temyiz Mahkemesi Karar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Benesse%E2%80%99nin_Sorumlulugunu_Kabul_Eden_Ikinci_Mahkeme_Karari\" title=\"Benesse&#8217;nin Sorumlulu\u011funu Kabul Eden \u0130kinci Mahkeme Karar\u0131\">Benesse&#8217;nin Sorumlulu\u011funu Kabul Eden \u0130kinci Mahkeme Karar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/general-corporate\/risk-of-company-personal-information-leak-compensation-for-damages\/#Ozet\" title=\"\u00d6zet\">\u00d6zet<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Benesse_Kisisel_Bilgi_Sizinti_Olayi_Nedir\"><\/span>Benesse Ki\u015fisel Bilgi S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 Olay\u0131 Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/shutterstock_413297080-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\u015eirketlerin ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ve tazminat riski\" class=\"wp-image-7490\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Haziran 2014&#8217;te meydana gelen Benesse ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 olay\u0131 hala haf\u0131zalardad\u0131r. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2014 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131nda, Benesse m\u00fc\u015fterilerine &#8220;Just System&#8221; adl\u0131 uzaktan e\u011fitim \u015firketinden direkt postalar gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu durum, sadece Benesse&#8217;ye kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan ki\u015fisel bilgilerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Benesse&#8217;den ki\u015fisel bilgilerin s\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphelerini art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>27 Haziran&#8217;da Benesse, \u015firket i\u00e7i bir soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatt\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 ay\u0131n 30&#8217;unda durumu polise ve Ekonomi, Ticaret ve Sanayi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;na bildirdi. 9 Temmuz&#8217;da bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek, Shinken Seminar ve di\u011ferlerinden \u00e7ocuklar ve ebeveynlerin adlar\u0131, adresleri, telefon numaralar\u0131, cinsiyetleri, do\u011fum tarihleri gibi ki\u015fisel bilgilerin s\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17 Temmuz&#8217;da, m\u00fc\u015fteri bilgilerinin y\u00f6netimini Benesse ile ili\u015fkili olan Synform \u015firketine devreden bir sistem m\u00fchendisi, 39 ya\u015f\u0131nda, \u015firketin veritaban\u0131 sistemini y\u00f6netmek ve m\u00fc\u015fteri bilgilerine eri\u015fim yetkisine sahip olmakla su\u00e7land\u0131. Bu ki\u015fi, ki\u015fisel bilgileri \u00e7alm\u0131\u015f ve bir liste sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na satm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu nedenle tutukland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda Benesse, bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek, m\u00fc\u015fteri bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 35.04 milyon oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131 ve ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ma\u011fdurlar\u0131na tazminat olarak 200 milyar yen (yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.8 milyar dolar) ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Ancak, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fruland\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterilere \u00f6z\u00fcr mektubu g\u00f6ndermeye ve m\u00fc\u015fterilerin se\u00e7imine g\u00f6re, 500 yenlik bir hediye \u00e7eki (elektronik para hediyesi veya ulusal kitap hediye kart\u0131) g\u00f6ndermeye veya her s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7in 500 yen&#8217;i \u00e7ocuklara destek amac\u0131yla kurulan Benesse \u00c7ocuk Fonu&#8217;na ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamaya karar verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan, bir\u00e7ok avukat grubu olu\u015fturuldu ve toplu dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu konuda baz\u0131 geli\u015fmeler oldu. Ayr\u0131ca, ki\u015fisel bilgileri \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Haks\u0131z Rekabetin \u00d6nlenmesi Yasas\u0131&#8217;na (i\u015f s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131, if\u015fa edilmesi) ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareket etti\u011fi iddia edilen sistem m\u00fchendisi hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan ceza davas\u0131, 21 Mart 2017 tarihli Tokyo Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi karar\u0131yla, 2.5 y\u0131l hapis ve 3 milyon yen para cezas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere h\u00fck\u00fcm kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yuksek_Mahkemenin_Karari_ve_Temyiz_Mahkemesine_Geri_Gonderme\"><\/span>Y\u00fcksek Mahkemenin Karar\u0131 ve Temyiz Mahkemesine Geri G\u00f6nderme<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/shutterstock_1102327574-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Bir \u015firketin ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ve tazminat riski\" class=\"wp-image-7497\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Web sitelerinde vb. yerlerde davac\u0131n\u0131n adresi, ad\u0131 ve telefon numaras\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gibi durumlar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, sonu\u00e7 olarak tazminat \u00f6demesi emredilmi\u015f \u00f6rnekler vard\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir erkek ve \u00e7ocu\u011funun ad\u0131, adresi, telefon numaras\u0131 vb. bilgilerinin s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu ruhsal ac\u0131 \u00e7ektiklerini belirterek, erkek ki\u015fi Benesse&#8217;den ki\u015fisel olarak 100.000 yen tazminat talep etti. Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, orijinal mahkeme olan Osaka Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi&#8217;nin karar\u0131n\u0131 bozdu ve duru\u015fmay\u0131 tamamlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle davay\u0131 geri g\u00f6nderdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geri g\u00f6ndermeden \u00f6nceki ilk duru\u015fmada, Kobe B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi Himeji \u015eubesi (2 Aral\u0131k 2015 tarihli karar), Benesse&#8217;nin y\u00f6netti\u011fi erke\u011fin ad\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z bir ger\u00e7ek olarak kabul etti. Ancak, bu durumun Benesse&#8217;nin ihmali sonucu oldu\u011funu belirleyecek somut durumlar\u0131n iddia ve kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, erke\u011fin talebini reddetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, erke\u011fin temyiz etti\u011fi temyiz duru\u015fmas\u0131 (Osaka Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, 29 Haziran 2016 tarihli karar), daval\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netti\u011fi davac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011funun ad\u0131, cinsiyeti, do\u011fum tarihi, posta kodu, adresi, telefon numaras\u0131, veli ad\u0131 (davac\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131) s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti. Bu durumu, davac\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131, posta kodu, adresi, telefon numaras\u0131 ve ailesinin ad\u0131, cinsiyeti, do\u011fum tarihi gibi ki\u015fisel bilgilerinin s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde kabul etti. Ancak, davac\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel bilgilerinin s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, normal bir insan\u0131n genel hislerine g\u00f6re, sadece rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda endi\u015fe duyabilece\u011fi bir durum oldu\u011funu kabul etti. Ancak, sadece bu t\u00fcr bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissi duyuldu\u011funda, bunu ihlal edilen \u00e7\u0131karlar olarak kabul edip hemen tazminat talep edilemez. Bu nedenle, yukar\u0131da belirtilen rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissini a\u015fan bir zarar\u0131n iddia ve kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle temyizi reddetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yuksek_Mahkemenin_Karari\"><\/span>Y\u00fcksek Mahkemenin Karar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Davac\u0131, buna kar\u015f\u0131 temyiz kabul\u00fc ba\u015fvurusunda bulundu. Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, bu ba\u015fvuruyu kabul etti ve bu s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 sonucunda davac\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011finin ihlal edildi\u011fini belirtti. Ancak, Osaka Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi, davac\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011finin ihlal edilmesi sonucu olu\u015fan ruhsal zarar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve derecesi hakk\u0131nda yeterince duru\u015fma yapmadan, sadece rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissi a\u015fan zarar\u0131n iddia ve kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle hemen davac\u0131n\u0131n talebini reddetti. Bu nedenle, bu t\u00fcr bir orijinal mahkemenin karar\u0131, haks\u0131z fiil hukukunda zarar hakk\u0131ndaki yasalar\u0131n yorum ve uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu nedenle yukar\u0131daki noktada duru\u015fmay\u0131 tamamlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, orijinal karar\u0131 bozdu ve daval\u0131n\u0131n ihmali ve davac\u0131n\u0131n ruhsal zarar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve derecesi hakk\u0131nda daha fazla duru\u015fma yapmak i\u00e7in bu dava Y\u00fcksek Mahkemeye geri g\u00f6nderildi (Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, 23 Ekim 2017 tarihli karar).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/privacy-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/privacy-invasion[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temyiz_Mahkemesine_Geri_Gonderme_Karari\"><\/span>Temyiz Mahkemesine Geri G\u00f6nderme Karar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Geri g\u00f6nderme duru\u015fmas\u0131nda Osaka Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi (20 Kas\u0131m 2019 tarihli karar), bu olayda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, MTP uyumlu bir ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonu i\u015f bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131n USB portuna bir USB kablosu kullanarak ba\u011flad\u0131 ve MTP ileti\u015fimi ile veri aktard\u0131. \u015eirket, MTP uyumlu bir ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonu yukar\u0131daki ofise getirerek, bu ki\u015fisel bilgilere eri\u015fimin olmamas\u0131 gibi uygun \u00f6nlemler almas\u0131 gereken bir dikkat borcu vard\u0131, ancak bu g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildi. Benesse, y\u00f6netti\u011fi bu ki\u015fisel bilgilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kabul eden Synform \u015firketine kar\u015f\u0131 uygun bir denetim y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ihlal etti ve sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na neden oldu. Bu nedenle, bu durumdan kaynaklanan zararlar i\u00e7in haks\u0131z fiil sorumlulu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu, iki \u015firketin ortak haks\u0131z fiili olarak kabul edildi (Japon Medeni Kanunu&#8217;nun 719. maddesi, 1. f\u0131kra, ilk c\u00fcmle).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ard\u0131ndan, Ki\u015fisel Bilgi Koruma Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 22. maddesine g\u00f6re, &#8220;Ki\u015fisel bilgi i\u015fleyen i\u015fletmeler, ki\u015fisel verilerin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flenmesini ba\u015fkas\u0131na devretti\u011finde, devredilen ki\u015fisel verilerin g\u00fcvenli y\u00f6netiminin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, devralan ki\u015fiye gerekli ve uygun denetimi yapmal\u0131d\u0131r&#8221; h\u00fckm\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak, gizlili\u011fi ihlal edildi\u011fi kabul edilirken, davac\u0131n\u0131n adresi, ad\u0131 ve telefon numaras\u0131 gibi bilgilerin web sitelerinde vb. yerlerde a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gibi durumlar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, tazminat olarak 1.000 yen \u00f6deme emri verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu dava, Benesse&#8217;nin tazminat sorumlulu\u011funu kabul eden \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00f6rnektir. Bu makalenin ba\u015f\u0131nda &#8220;2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu olayla ilgili birka\u00e7 dava hakk\u0131nda yeni geli\u015fmeler g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc&#8221; diye yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k, ancak Benesse&#8217;nin tazminat sorumlulu\u011funu kabul eden \u00fc\u00e7 karar\u0131n hepsi 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/act-on-the-protection-of-personal-information-privacy-issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/corporate\/act-on-the-protection-of-personal-information-privacy-issues[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Benesse%E2%80%99nin_Sorumlulugunu_Kabul_Eden_Ilk_Yargi_Karari\"><\/span>Benesse&#8217;nin Sorumlulu\u011funu Kabul Eden \u0130lk Yarg\u0131 Karar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Birinci_Derece_Mahkeme_Karari\"><\/span>Birinci Derece Mahkeme Karar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/shutterstock_1054827035-1024x697.jpg\" alt=\"Bir \u015firketin ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ve tazminat riski\" class=\"wp-image-7498\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Benesse&#8217;nin sorumlulu\u011funun kabul edildi\u011fi \u00f6rne\u011fi sunuyoruz.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir erkek, Benesse&#8217;nin kendisinin, e\u015finin ve o\u011flunun ki\u015fisel bilgilerini d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya s\u0131zd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu durumun ruhsal ac\u0131ya neden oldu\u011funu iddia ederek, haks\u0131z eylem temelinde tazminat talep etti. \u0130lk kez, Benesse&#8217;nin sorumlulu\u011fu kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinci derece mahkeme (Yokohama B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, 16 \u015eubat 2017 tarihli karar) Benesse&#8217;nin dikkat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fini kabul etti, ancak ki\u015fisel verilerin nas\u0131l ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fini kabul etmek i\u00e7in somut kan\u0131tlar\u0131n yetersiz oldu\u011funu belirtti ve Benesse&#8217;ye kar\u015f\u0131 talebi reddetti. Bu nedenle, erkek ve di\u011ferleri temyize ba\u015fvurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinci derece mahkemede, Benesse&#8217;nin Ekonomi, Ticaret ve Sanayi Bakan\u0131&#8217;ndan Ki\u015fisel Bilgi Koruma Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n (Japon Ki\u015fisel Bilgi Koruma Yasas\u0131) 20. ve 22. maddelerindeki y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri ihmal etti\u011fi ve bu durumun bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. Ancak, bu yasa maddesine dayal\u0131 \u00f6neri, ki\u015fisel hak ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kabul edildi\u011finde yap\u0131l\u0131r ve bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu anda sonu\u00e7 \u00f6ng\u00f6rme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc veya sonucu \u00f6nleme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ihlali gerektirmez. Bu nedenle, sadece bu \u00f6nerinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi, bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi anda Benesse&#8217;nin Medeni Kanun 709. maddeye g\u00f6re kusurunun oldu\u011funu kabul etmek i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temyiz_Mahkemesi_Karari\"><\/span>Temyiz Mahkemesi Karar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, temyiz mahkemesi olan Tokyo Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi (27 Haziran 2019 tarihli karar), y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde bilgi uygulamas\u0131 veya \u00f6zel tekniklerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeyen, sadece bir ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonun i\u015f bilgisayar\u0131na bir USB kablosu ile ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ve veri transferinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu fark etmesi \u00fczerine basit bir su\u00e7 i\u015flendi\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini kabul etti. Ayr\u0131ca, Benesse&#8217;nin, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, ki\u015fisel bilgilerin y\u00f6netimi konusunda ta\u015feronlara uygun denetim yapma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihmal etti\u011fi kabul edildi. Bu nedenle, bu iki \u015firketin haks\u0131z eylemleri, ortakla\u015fa haks\u0131z eylem (Medeni Kanun 719. madde 1. f\u0131kra) olarak kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha sonra, &#8220;Temyiz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunanlar\u0131n, bu ki\u015fisel bilgiler hakk\u0131nda, kendilerinin istemedi\u011fi ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n rastgele a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 istememeleri do\u011fal bir durumdur, bu nedenle bu ki\u015fisel bilgiler, temyiz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunanlar\u0131n gizlilik bilgileri olarak hukuki koruma konusu olmal\u0131d\u0131r ve bu s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 nedeniyle, temyiz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunanlar\u0131n gizlilikleri ihlal edilmi\u015ftir&#8221; denildi. Bunun \u00fczerine, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan yan\u0131t vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar, bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n zararlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flemesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler ald\u0131lar ve denetim kurumlar\u0131na raporlar ve talimatlara dayal\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporlar\u0131 sundular. Ayr\u0131ca, bilgilerin s\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen m\u00fc\u015fterilere \u00f6z\u00fcr mektubu g\u00f6nderdiler ve 500 yen de\u011ferinde hediye \u00e7eki da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131lar. Temyiz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunanlar da her biri 500 yenlik elektronik para hediyesini kabul etti. Bu durumu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak, Benesse&#8217;nin her birine 2000 yen tazminat \u00f6demesi emredildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Benesse%E2%80%99nin_Sorumlulugunu_Kabul_Eden_Ikinci_Mahkeme_Karari\"><\/span>Benesse&#8217;nin Sorumlulu\u011funu Kabul Eden \u0130kinci Mahkeme Karar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>13 m\u00fc\u015fterinin, toplamda 980.000 yen tazminat talep etti\u011fi dava, 6 Eyl\u00fcl 2019&#8217;da (2019) Tokyo B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi&#8217;nde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc ve Benesse ve Shinform \u015firketlerine, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 3.000 yen (bir ki\u015fi i\u00e7in 3.300 yen) olmak \u00fczere toplam 42.300 yen \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 emredildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahkeme, davac\u0131lar\u0131n Benesse&#8217;nin Shinform \u015firketine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fveren sorumlulu\u011funu, ayr\u0131 bir t\u00fczel ki\u015filik oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle kabul etmedi. Ancak, Shinform \u015firketi, g\u00fcvenlik yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmedi ve sonu\u00e7 olarak i\u015f bilgisayar\u0131ndan MTP uyumlu ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlara veri transferi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale geldi. Bu nedenle, bilgi yazma kontrol \u00f6nlemlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir hata yapm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtildi. Benesse, b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda m\u00fc\u015fteri bilgisini bu sistem geli\u015ftirme vb. i\u00e7in Shinform&#8217;a devrederken, davac\u0131lar da dahil olmak \u00fczere m\u00fc\u015fterilere kar\u015f\u0131, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ilkesi gere\u011fi, ta\u015feron se\u00e7im ve denetim sorumlulu\u011funu ta\u015f\u0131mal\u0131yd\u0131. Bu nedenle, ortakla\u015fa hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 eylem (Japon Medeni Kanunu&#8217;nun 719. maddesi 1. f\u0131kras\u0131) kabul edildi ve davac\u0131lara tazminat \u00f6denmesi emredildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/employer-liability-responsibility-in-defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/employer-liability-responsibility-in-defamation[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu kararda da, Ki\u015fisel Bilgi Koruma Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 22. maddesinde, &#8220;Ki\u015fisel bilgi i\u015flem i\u015fletmecisi, ki\u015fisel verilerin i\u015flenmesinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 devretti\u011finde, devredilen ki\u015fisel verilerin g\u00fcvenli y\u00f6netiminin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, devralan ki\u015fiye gerekli ve uygun denetimi yapmal\u0131d\u0131r.&#8221; h\u00fckm\u00fcne at\u0131fta bulunuldu. Ayr\u0131ca, 2009 (Heisei 21) y\u0131l\u0131nda Ekonomi, Ticaret ve Sanayi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nergede, &#8220;gerekli ve uygun denetim&#8221; kapsam\u0131nda, ta\u015feronun uygun bir \u015fekilde se\u00e7ilmesi, Ki\u015fisel Bilgi Koruma Yasas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n 20. maddesine dayal\u0131 g\u00fcvenli y\u00f6netim \u00f6nlemlerine uyulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ta\u015feronun ki\u015fisel verilerin i\u015flenme durumunun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozet\"><\/span>\u00d6zet<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Benesse ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta, ma\u011fdurlara tazminat olarak 20 milyar yen (yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.1 milyar TL) ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak bu miktar yetersiz kald\u0131. Kas\u0131m 2014&#8217;te, Japonya Bilgi Ekonomisi Toplum Geli\u015ftirme Derne\u011fi, Benesse Holdings&#8217;in sahip oldu\u011fu ve ki\u015fisel bilgileri uygun bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6neten \u015firketlere verilen &#8216;Japon Gizlilik \u0130\u015fareti&#8217;ni iptal etti. Nisan 2015&#8217;te &#8220;Shinken Zemi&#8221; ve &#8220;Kodomo Challenge&#8221; \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131 2.71 milyon olup bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re 940 bin azald\u0131. Nisan-Haziran d\u00f6nemi konsolide bilan\u00e7osunda, sat\u0131\u015flar bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re %7 azald\u0131, i\u015fletme kar\u0131 %88 azald\u0131 ve i\u015fletme kar\/zarar\u0131, bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131l\u0131n 3.91 milyar yen (yakla\u015f\u0131k 220 milyon TL) kar\u0131ndan 430 milyon yen (yakla\u015f\u0131k 24 milyon TL) zarara d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Ki\u015fisel bilgi s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle tazminat riski, \u015firketler i\u00e7in hayati bir sorun haline gelebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u015eirket y\u00f6netimini \u00e7evreleyen riskler aras\u0131nda y\u00f6netim krizleri, \u015firketin g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan kazalar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, son y\u0131llarda, ki\u015fisel bilgilerin s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":63667,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,29],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61507"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61507"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61507\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63668,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61507\/revisions\/63668"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61507"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}