![\"Ph\u00e1n](\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_2087466961.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nT\u00f2a \u00e1n h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t, T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u00fd do sau (ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2020 (n\u0103m 2020 d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n hay kh\u00f4ng) l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, l\u00e0 “l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n” \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u00ean trong v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c c\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u 22 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng “t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang xem ho\u1eb7c nghe (\u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa b\u1ecf qua)”, v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, “c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 “kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111a s\u1ed1”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 hai (bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn “c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang” hay kh\u00f4ng), tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, “doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c” \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n “ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang xem ho\u1eb7c nghe” theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 22 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 JASRAC kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi “doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c” m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean” ho\u1eb7c “h\u1ecdc sinh” th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a “doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c” s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft karaoke” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 \u00e1n Club Cat’s Eye (T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao, ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1988 (n\u0103m 1988 d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch)) v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n m\u00e0 JASRAC y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n khi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n bar c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 “Club Cat’s Eye” \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y karaoke trong c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 n\u1eef ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng khi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1n bar ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y karaoke trong c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u00e1t, ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i b\u0103ng karaoke c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u00e1t m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd h\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cho c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p do vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean “l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft karaoke” n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc sinh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c”, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a “doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c”, h\u1ecdc sinh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u00e0 “kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh” v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 ba (bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c c\u00f3 “m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 nghe” hay kh\u00f4ng), b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh nghe b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh sau khi nghe s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean nghe, v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n, v\u00ec v\u1eady r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh, nghe, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n trong v\u00f2ng hai nh\u1ecbp t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c hay kh\u00f4ng), m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb hai nh\u1ecbp trong b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ch\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 hai nh\u1ecbp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong khi chia th\u00e0nh hai nh\u1ecbp, v\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m (vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao hay kh\u00f4ng), ti\u00eau hao l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 n\u00f3i chung. Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ti\u00eau hao, khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed1c, b\u1ea3n sao, v.v., \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u00ed m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n \u00e2m thanh minus one (b\u1ea3n ghi \u00e2m c\u1ee7a d\u00e0n nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n sao ch\u00e9p, v\u00e0 ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c l\u00e0 ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n chia ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u (c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi \u00e2m hay kh\u00f4ng), t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi \u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y (vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra hay kh\u00f4ng), t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c JASRAC thu ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m cho vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf, v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n