{"id":58723,"date":"2023-10-06T11:22:18","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T02:22:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=58723"},"modified":"2023-10-23T18:06:21","modified_gmt":"2023-10-23T09:06:21","slug":"defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability","title":{"rendered":"Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 &#8216;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8217; trong c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 &#8216;Ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1&#8217;?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng, khi \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c l\u00fd do nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng danh d\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221; hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady th\u00ec &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221; l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221; trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng danh d\u1ef1, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221;, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#%E3%80%8CKha_nang_xac_dinh%E3%80%8Dla_gi\" title=\"\u300cKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u300dl\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">\u300cKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u300dl\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Cac_truong_hop_duoc_cong_nhan_%E2%80%9Ckha_nang_xac_dinh%E2%80%9D\" title=\"C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221;\">C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Kha_nang_xac_dinh_khi_su_dung_chu_cai_dau_va_tu_che_mo_de_phi_bang\" title=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1eeb che m\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1eeb che m\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Kha_nang_xac_dinh_khi_su_dung_but_danh_nghe_danh_ten_goi_trong_nganh_giai_tri_trong_viec_phi_bang\" title=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00fat danh, ngh\u1ec7 danh, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00fat danh, ngh\u1ec7 danh, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Kha_nang_xac_dinh_trong_viec_phi_bang_thong_qua_hu_cau\" title=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng th\u00f4ng qua h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng th\u00f4ng qua h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Truong_hop_mo_ta_hu_cau_va_thuc_te_duoc_ket_hop\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Truong_hop_mot_nguoi_khong_noi_tieng_lam_mo_hinh\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Kha_nang_xac_dinh_va_lang_ma_doi_voi_VTuber_va_tai_khoan_an_danh\" title=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi VTuber v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u1ea9n danh\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi VTuber v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u1ea9n danh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Kha_nang_xac_dinh_khi_co_nguoi_cung_ho_ten\" title=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u00ean\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u00ean<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Tom_tat_Neu_ban_dang_gap_rac_roi_ve_lang_ma_hay_thao_luan_voi_luat_su\" title=\"T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u1eb7p r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u1eb7p r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/defamation-privacy-infringement-identifiability\/#Gioi_thieu_ve_cac_bien_phap_cua_van_phong_luat_su_cua_chung_toi\" title=\"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\">Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E3%80%8CKha_nang_xac_dinh%E3%80%8Dla_gi\"><\/span>\u300cKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u300dl\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\u300cKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u300dl\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 khi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00fd l\u1ebd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 (x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n danh d\u1ef1), x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m (x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1), vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3&#8221; c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ngo\u00e0i b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 &#8220;b\u1ea1n&#8221;, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m, do \u0111\u00f3, vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00fd l\u1ebd v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n chia k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec7n v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng trung b\u00ecnh[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m (x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1), c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft theo ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng &#8220;b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-and-infringement-of-self-esteem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">X\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_truong_hop_duoc_cong_nhan_%E2%80%9Ckha_nang_xac_dinh%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 khi t\u00ean th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng ghi t\u00ean th\u1eadt, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u01b0 sau tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e3e3e3\">&#8220;\u0110\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111ang bi\u1ec3n th\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3n th\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a &#8220;\u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u1ea9n danh, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft &#8220;t\u00f4i&#8221; l\u00e0 ai, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 &#8220;\u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i&#8221; \u0111ang ch\u1ec9 ai. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng sau \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e3e3e3\">&#8220;Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n A \u0111ang bi\u1ec3n th\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean th\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c kinh doanh t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n A, vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00fa n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem chung&#8221; nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/netslander-against-companies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng? T\u1ed9i ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i uy t\u00edn l\u00e0 g\u00ec?[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem chung&#8221; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng&#8221; l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chung, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, tr\u1eeb khi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia ho\u1eb7c ng\u00f4i sao m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. (V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch sau trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 &#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ean&#8221; trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n &#8220;C\u00e1 b\u01a1i trong \u0111\u00e1&#8221;).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady, h\u00e3y xem c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kha_nang_xac_dinh_khi_su_dung_chu_cai_dau_va_tu_che_mo_de_phi_bang\"><\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1eeb che m\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/image.png\" alt=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1eeb che m\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng\" class=\"wp-image-59030\" style=\"width:735px;height:490px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1eeb che m\u1edd, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a, v.v. l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb che m\u1edd, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1eadn Nakano \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP) ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng &#8220;C, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7y ban c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng D, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 mua d\u00e2m t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n) kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 &#8220;th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1eadn&#8221; \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1eadn n\u00e0o v\u00e0 C, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n n\u00e0y&#8230; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00ean Internet, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 &#8216;c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n&#8217; &#8216;t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, khu v\u1ef1c&#8217; cho &#8216;x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Nakano&#8217;, d\u00e0nh cho c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a qu\u1eadn Nakano.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1eadn Nakano, v\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n xem n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1eadn Nakano, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7y ban c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng D trong H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1eadn Nakano l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebft. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c &#8216;\u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u C&#8217; ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n n\u00e0y.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n Tokyo ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2008 (n\u0103m 2008 theo l\u1ecbch Gregory)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1eadn Nakano xem, v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng &#8216;\u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u C&#8217; trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb che m\u1edd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kha_nang_xac_dinh_khi_su_dung_but_danh_nghe_danh_ten_goi_trong_nganh_giai_tri_trong_viec_phi_bang\"><\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00fat danh, ngh\u1ec7 danh, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1ecb nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean th\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu b\u00fat danh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c ngh\u1ec7 danh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ai, th\u00ec d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00ean th\u1eadt, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed trong v\u00f2ng 5 n\u0103m v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 sau v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ean th\u1eadt, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u00ecnh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v.v. c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m do c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng A v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi B trong t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 5 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi. &#8230; Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau, th\u00f4ng tin 179 trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo, ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2016 (Heisei 28)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t, ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1ecb nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ec3 &#8220;c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi&#8221;, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ean &#8220;th\u1eadt&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kha_nang_xac_dinh_trong_viec_phi_bang_thong_qua_hu_cau\"><\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng th\u00f4ng qua h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean kh\u00e1c, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0: \u2460 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 \u2461 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_mo_ta_hu_cau_va_thuc_te_duoc_ket_hop\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Tokyo District Court, ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1995 (n\u0103m Heisei 7)). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c l\u1eadp vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, d\u00f9 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u hay kh\u00f4ng, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_mot_nguoi_khong_noi_tieng_lam_mo_hinh\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i u l\u1edbn tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft &#8220;C\u00e1 b\u01a1i trong \u0111\u00e1&#8221;, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m tranh ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khi \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00e0y, v\u00ec c\u00f4 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/privacy-invasion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0. 3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 vi ph\u1ea1m l\u00e0 g\u00ec[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ph\u00fac th\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp 5 ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f4 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Tokyo v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i u tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn 12 tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt 13 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i u b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i, cha c\u00f4 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00ec nghi ng\u1edd l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n cho nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt &#8216;Park Ri Hwa&#8217; trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen t\u1eeb th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt &#8216;Park Ri Hwa&#8217; trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt &#8216;Park Ri Hwa&#8217; trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao Tokyo, ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2001 (n\u0103m Heisei 13)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao Tokyo \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o (nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n), kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 &#8220;h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y&#8221;, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 &#8220;nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen t\u1eeb th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u&#8221;, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh. L\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o (t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, v.v.), r\u1eb1ng &#8220;\u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n, v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kha_nang_xac_dinh_va_lang_ma_doi_voi_VTuber_va_tai_khoan_an_danh\"><\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi VTuber v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u1ea9n danh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Shutterstock_1925391419.jpg\" alt=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1ea3o nh\u01b0 VTuber\" class=\"wp-image-59068\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi VTuber v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u1ea9n danh, th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221;) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean Internet nh\u01b0 SNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ean, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1ea3o l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221; l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hay kh\u00f4ng. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tr\u00ean Internet, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221;, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean VTuber &#8220;B&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP) ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi v\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng tr\u00ean Internet d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean &#8220;B&#8221;, vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u01b0 sau v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i trong video ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a &#8216;B&#8217; l\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt CG c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua motion capture. Xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng video v\u00e0 g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn tr\u00ean SNS d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean &#8216;B&#8217; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vtuber &#8216;B&#8217; kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt CG m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean &#8216;B&#8217;, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n Tokyo, ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2021 (n\u0103m 3 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Reiwa)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221; l\u00e0 ai, n\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221; v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221; c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00fat danh ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u1ea3o, quy\u1ec1n danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong&#8221; l\u00e0 ai, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong metaverse, n\u01a1i \u0111ang thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea9n danh th\u00f4ng qua avatar. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 avatar trong metaverse, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 VTuber, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p quy\u1ec1n danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kha_nang_xac_dinh_khi_co_nguoi_cung_ho_ten\"><\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u00ean<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u00ean th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed9i danh ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra, trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n khi c\u00f3 hai lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u00ean, v\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam danh hi\u1ec7u lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u00e0o t\u00ean h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao Tokyo ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2015 (n\u0103m Heisei 27)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_tat_Neu_ban_dang_gap_rac_roi_ve_lang_ma_hay_thao_luan_voi_luat_su\"><\/span>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u1eb7p r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 t\u00ean th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1, x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u1ec1 danh d\u1ef1, vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, v.v. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y qua c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, v.v., v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 xem c\u00f3 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 hay kh\u00f4ng khi l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean th\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 tr\u00ean Internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i khi b\u1ecb l\u0103ng m\u1ea1, vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/calculation-method-of-compensation-for-damages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i l\u0103ng m\u1ea1[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gioi_thieu_ve_cac_bien_phap_cua_van_phong_luat_su_cua_chung_toi\"><\/span>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith, v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 IT, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Internet v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi &#8220;h\u00ecnh x\u0103m s\u1ed1&#8221; &#8211; th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n th\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng g\u00e2y ra trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/digitaltattoo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">H\u00ecnh x\u0103m s\u1ed1[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng, khi \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c l\u00fd do nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng danh d\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &#8220;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh&#8221; hay kh\u00f4 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":59304,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58723"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58723"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58723\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59305,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58723\/revisions\/59305"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}