{"id":58787,"date":"2023-10-06T11:22:21","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T02:22:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=58787"},"modified":"2023-10-20T16:27:21","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T07:27:21","slug":"photographing-others-property","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c &#8220;ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1&#8221; khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. V\u1eady th\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng? Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, &#8220;v\u1eadt&#8221; th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ef1c ra, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\/#Truong_hop_voi_toa_nha_va_tac_pham_nghe_thuat\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\/#Truong_hop_ve_quang_cao_bang_bong_bay\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng b\u00f3ng bay\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng b\u00f3ng bay<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\/#Truong_hop_ve_hinh_dang_cua_dong_vat\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\/#Truong_hop_cua_sach\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\/#Truong_hop_cay_Phong\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y Phong\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y Phong<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\/#Tom_tat\" title=\"T\u00f3m t\u1eaft\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_voi_toa_nha_va_tac_pham_nghe_thuat\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/shutterstock_506484994-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6041\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Theo Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Copyright Law),<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 46 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Copyright Law) &#8220;S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng khai&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00eau d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. T\u00e1i t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. T\u00e1i t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. T\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. T\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u00e1n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn &#8220;nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac&#8221; ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 trong qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eady th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a &#8220;v\u1eadt&#8221; th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd ra sao? Kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i n\u00e0o, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt, v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng b\u00f3ng bay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_ve_quang_cao_bang_bong_bay\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng b\u00f3ng bay<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng bay \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, v\u00e0 khi c\u00f4ng khai qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 mang h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd. C\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t poster \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh b\u00f3ng bay n\u00e0y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t poster \u0111\u0103ng b\u00f3ng bay cho c\u00f4ng ty \u00f4 t\u00f4. C\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do m\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty \u00f4 t\u00f4, v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u00f3ng bay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn trong kinh doanh. T\u00f2a \u00e1n cao c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede phi\u00ean t\u00f2a ph\u00fac th\u1ea9m sau khi nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n thua ki\u1ec7n \u1edf phi\u00ean t\u00f2a s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m, T\u00f2a \u00e1n cao c\u1ea5p Tokyo \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>N\u00f3i chung, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, tr\u1eeb khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea1m vi quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, tr\u1eeb khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n cao c\u1ea5p Tokyo, ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1978 (n\u0103m 1978)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, t\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00f3ng bay n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, g\u1eafn k\u1ebft h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng bay, l\u00e0m cho ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a b\u00f3ng bay, c\u00f3. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng poster ch\u1ee9a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p b\u00f3ng bay, nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00f3ng bay.<\/p>\n<cite>C\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f2a \u00e1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng &#8220;khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n&#8221;. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng ty \u00f4 t\u00f4 l\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00f3ng bay trong poster s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng bay n\u00e0y, do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_ve_hinh_dang_cua_dong_vat\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/shutterstock_638119978-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6042\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 n\u00ean b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i theo Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede Kochi, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i, m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1eeb th\u1eddi cha \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u01b0u thi\u1ebfp. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i g\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh cho s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u00e1n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean t\u00f2a n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c phi\u00ean t\u00f2a, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc li\u1ec7u g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i g\u00e0 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i g\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 r\u00fat l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ki\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i g\u00e0, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00ec &#8220;h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7&#8221;. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Kochi \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Kochi, trong khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xem g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 theo Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf. Khi xem x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i, sao ch\u00e9p n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh b\u01b0u thi\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 b\u00e1n n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u01b0u thi\u1ebfp cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1984 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Kochi<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<br>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7t ra nghi v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. \u0110a s\u1ed1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i n\u1eb1m trong khu \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh t\u1eeb trong khu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 thu ph\u00ed ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh. \u0110a s\u1ed1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 &#8220;h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh g\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i&#8221; b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/infringement-portrait-rights-and-privacy-rights-on-youtube\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/infringement-portrait-rights-and-privacy-rights-on-youtube[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_cua_sach\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a &#8220;Jianzhong Goshinjo&#8221;, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ef1 vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Yan Zhenqing, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y do m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu (quy\u1ec1n thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng). A, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a &#8220;Jianzhong Goshinjo&#8221; c\u1ee7a Yan Zhenqing, \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p B, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi Showa (1926-1989), sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba k\u1ebf &#8220;Jianzhong Goshinjo&#8221; t\u1eeb A. Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c \u1ea3nh t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a B v\u00e0o n\u0103m Showa 43 (1968) v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n &#8220;Wakan Sumihou Senshu Volume 24: Yan Zhenqing&#8217;s Regular Script and Wang Shu&#8217;s Copybook&#8221; v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m Showa 55 (1980).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi &#8220;Jianzhong Goshinjo&#8221; v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ng\u1eebng b\u00e1n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y b\u1ea3n sao v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu (quy\u1ec1n thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao, nh\u01b0ng T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, v\u00ec v\u1eady quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt g\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. V\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao, ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1984<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu theo lu\u1eadt d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y, T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng &#8220;Sau khi b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, quy\u1ec1n sao ch\u00e9p t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, m\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng (public domain), v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_cay_Phong\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y Phong<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y Phong. Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Nagano, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y Phong cao t\u1edbi 15m, v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Khi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y Phong b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1p n\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o: &#8220;Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Phong, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y Phong tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Phong th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec7n, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Phong. Trong v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y Phong trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y Phong nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p c\u00e2y Phong ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh sao ch\u00e9p. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba sao ch\u00e9p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p c\u00e2y Phong ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh sao ch\u00e9p, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y Phong nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y Phong \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m do vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo, ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2002 (n\u0103m 2002 theo l\u1ecbch Gregory)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Phong tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111ang t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Phong, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e2y Phong th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Phong khi v\u00e0o m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y Phong v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi m\u1ed9t b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0o m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p trong m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_tat\"><\/span>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng khai h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 \u00fd x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111ang qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y qua video, h\u00e3y xem video tr\u00ean k\u00eanh YouTube c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u3010YouTube\u306e\u5916\u64ae\u5f71\u3011\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3079\u304d\u6240\u6709\u6a29\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GGARyOXU-10?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https:\/\/monolith.law\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7c &#8220;ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1&#8221; khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. V\u1eady th\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u1eadt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":59158,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,22],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58787"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58787"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59156,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58787\/revisions\/59156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59158"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}