{"id":58799,"date":"2023-10-06T11:22:21","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T02:22:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=58799"},"modified":"2023-10-24T16:18:53","modified_gmt":"2023-10-24T07:18:53","slug":"malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch 7 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean Internet. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 th\u00f4ng qua di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u1ea9n danh v\u00e0 SNS tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd do vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u1edbi c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi vi\u1ec7c vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd do x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Danh_du_xa_hoi_va_danh_du_chu_quan\" title=\"Danh d\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 danh d\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan\">Danh d\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 danh d\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Cac_truong_hop_duoc_cong_nhan_vi_pham_phap_luat_do_xuc_pham_danh_du\" title=\"C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1\">C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Cac_tinh_huong_duoc_xem_xet_khi_cong_nhan_trach_nhiem_vi_pham_phap_luat\" title=\"C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt\">C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Cac_tinh_huong_duoc_xem_xet_khi_khong_cong_nhan_trach_nhiem_vi_pham_phap_luat\" title=\"C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt\">C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#7_vi_du_ve_viec_xac_dinh_viec_phi_bang_xuc_pham_danh_du\" title=\"7 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng, x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1\">7 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng, x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Tom_tat_vu_viec\" title=\"T\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CNgo_ngan%E2%80%9D\" title=\"B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;Ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n&#8221;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;Ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CXau_xi_Kinh_tom%E2%80%9D\" title=\"B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed, Kinh t\u1edfm&#8221;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed, Kinh t\u1edfm&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Bai_dang_goi_nguoi_yeu_la_%E2%80%9CXau_xi%E2%80%9D\" title=\"B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau l\u00e0 &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau l\u00e0 &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CXau_xi%E2%80%9D_1\" title=\"B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; 1\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; 1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CXau_xi%E2%80%9D_2\" title=\"B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; 2\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; 2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CDe_dai%E2%80%9D\" title=\"B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;D\u1ec5 d\u00e3i&#8221;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;D\u1ec5 d\u00e3i&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Bai_dang_noi_rang_duong_vien_khuon_mat_giong_%E2%80%9CKhoai_tay%E2%80%9D\" title=\"B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng &#8220;Khoai t\u00e2y&#8221;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng &#8220;Khoai t\u00e2y&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Tong_ket_ve_cac_vi_du_xac_dinh\" title=\"T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\">T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Quan_diem_phap_ly_ve_viec_treu_choc_nhan_sac_cua_nguoi_noi_tieng\" title=\"Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u00eau ch\u1ecdc nhan s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng\">Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u00eau ch\u1ecdc nhan s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Ve_thiet_hai_do_xuc_pham_danh_du\" title=\"V\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1\">V\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Tom_tat_Hay_thao_luan_voi_luat_su_ve_viec_bi_phi_bang_tren_mang\" title=\"T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: H\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: H\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/malicious-slander-defamation-of-character-precedent\/#Gioi_thieu_ve_cac_bien_phap_cua_van_phong_luat_su_cua_chung_toi\" title=\"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\">Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Danh_du_xa_hoi_va_danh_du_chu_quan\"><\/span>Danh d\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 danh d\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 (x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1) v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1, c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa &#8220;danh d\u1ef1&#8221; trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 &#8220;c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1&#8221; trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Danh d\u1ef1&#8221; trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1, theo ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1ch quan t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, danh ti\u1ebfng, t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m, v.v.&#8221; (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u1ed1i cao Showa 61 n\u0103m (1986), ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 6, T\u1eadp 40, S\u1ed1 4, trang 872).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu danh d\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n) b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do l\u1eddi ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, &#8220;c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1&#8221; trong h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 quan m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh&#8221; (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 hai nh\u1ecf Showa 45 n\u0103m (1970), ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 12, T\u1eadp 24, S\u1ed1 13, trang 2151).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (danh d\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan) b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do l\u1eddi ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng (s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat do nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 &#8220;ng\u1ed1c&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;\u0111\u1ea7n&#8221;, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_truong_hop_duoc_cong_nhan_vi_pham_phap_luat_do_xuc_pham_danh_du\"><\/span>C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/pixta_19851967_M-1-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1\" class=\"wp-image-6732\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Danh d\u1ef1&#8221; nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 danh d\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan. Danh d\u1ef1 l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ch\u1ee7 quan nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n danh d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb truy c\u1ee9u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n e ng\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ef1 do v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 &#8220;h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i&#8221; (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2010 (2010) trong t\u1eadp 64, s\u1ed1 3, trang 758).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o, &#8220;h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn? D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_tinh_huong_duoc_xem_xet_khi_cong_nhan_trach_nhiem_vi_pham_phap_luat\"><\/span>C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 &#8220;T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft&#8221;, n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh, th\u00ec c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch dai d\u1eb3ng, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c), c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Fukuoka ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_tinh_huong_duoc_xem_xet_khi_khong_cong_nhan_trach_nhiem_vi_pham_phap_luat\"><\/span>C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu t\u1eeb ng\u1eef x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn, th\u00ec c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2010 (2010) trong t\u1eadp 64, s\u1ed1 3, trang 758).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng &#8220;\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p&#8221;, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_vi_du_ve_viec_xac_dinh_viec_phi_bang_xuc_pham_danh_du\"><\/span>7 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng, x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/shutterstock_1335103466-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"7 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng, x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1\" class=\"wp-image-6731\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady, trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft, vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m Heisei 31 (2019)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_tat_vu_viec\"><\/span>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng khai c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, h\u1eb9n h\u00f2, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean blog c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean blog n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn &#8220;5ch&#8221;. Do \u0111\u00f3, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho 7 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1ea9n danh, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng sau khi ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng. Vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/disclosure-of-the-senders-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/provider-liability-limitation-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CNgo_ngan%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;Ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;T\u00f4i nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c&#8221; li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean blog c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00ec &#8220;n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n sau khi xem blog n\u00e0y&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n&#8221; v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00ec l\u00e0 &#8220;b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n&#8221; v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CXau_xi_Kinh_tom%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed, Kinh t\u1edfm&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; ch\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;Kinh t\u1edfm&#8221; v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y, v\u00ec bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;x\u1ea5u x\u00ed v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh&#8221; v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c &#8220;Kinh t\u1edfm&#8221; ng\u1ee5 \u00fd &#8220;c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c gh\u00ea t\u1edfm&#8221;, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_dang_goi_nguoi_yeu_la_%E2%80%9CXau_xi%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau l\u00e0 &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 x\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1eb9n h\u00f2 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf gi\u1ec5u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;\u0110\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng&#8221; v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00ec &#8220;M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 kh\u00f3 coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u00f4n h\u00f2a, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i chung, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mce_70\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CXau_xi%E2%80%9D_1\"><\/span>B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; 1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;Ngay c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u0169ng x\u1ea5u x\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&#8221; ch\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 4 l\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea5u &#8220;w&#8221; bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb &#8220;c\u01b0\u1eddi&#8221; \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CXau_xi%E2%80%9D_2\"><\/span>B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; 2<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;\u0110\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eadt&#8230; th\u1eadt s\u1ef1. Tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y&#8221; ch\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0110\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng&#8221; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00ec &#8220;n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh, v.v. c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00eau l\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u1eebng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_dang_noi_%E2%80%9CDe_dai%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i &#8220;D\u1ec5 d\u00e3i&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;\u0110\u01b0a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 x\u1ea5u x\u00ed v\u00e0o nh\u00e0&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;, v\u00ec &#8220;D\u1ec5 d\u00e3i&#8221; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 &#8220;m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c&#8221; trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng &#8220;nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3 v\u00e0 x\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_dang_noi_rang_duong_vien_khuon_mat_giong_%E2%80%9CKhoai_tay%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng &#8220;Khoai t\u00e2y&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng &#8220;\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khoai t\u00e2y&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; ch\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket_ve_cac_vi_du_xac_dinh\"><\/span>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 &#8220;h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo quan ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i&#8221; hay kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea5u xa v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb \u0111\u0103ng, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t, v.v. V\u00e0 c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m chung v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p do x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/defamation-and-infringement-of-self-esteem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">X\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft &#8220;Ng\u1ed1c&#8221;, &#8220;X\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221;?[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan_diem_phap_ly_ve_viec_treu_choc_nhan_sac_cua_nguoi_noi_tieng\"><\/span>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u00eau ch\u1ecdc nhan s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng b\u1ecb tr\u00eau ch\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nhan s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf gi\u1ec5u m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi t\u1eeb ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 &#8220;x\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;x\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb tr\u00eau ch\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nhan s\u1eafc trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ve_thiet_hai_do_xuc_pham_danh_du\"><\/span>V\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/pixta_27223689_M-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"V\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1\" class=\"wp-image-6733\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i tinh th\u1ea7n (ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9), chi ph\u00ed lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ed9i dung thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i, n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng, li\u1ec7u b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y (Tokyo District Court, ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2019 (n\u0103m 31 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Heisei)), vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i l\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n Internet m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem, v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n nh\u01b0 &#8220;x\u1ea5u x\u00ed&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 200.000 y\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2022 (n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Reiwa), vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u xa, \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 xin l\u1ed7i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, do ch\u1ec9 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1, ph\u1ea7n x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m danh d\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c c\u00e2u ng\u1eafn, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 80.000 y\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7n t\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn, vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/calculation-method-of-compensation-for-damages\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_tat_Hay_thao_luan_voi_luat_su_ve_viec_bi_phi_bang_tren_mang\"><\/span>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: H\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng khi truy c\u1ee9u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng danh d\u1ef1, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd do vi ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi truy c\u1ee9u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd do vi ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac danh d\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng \u0111ang g\u00e2y r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i c\u00f3 &#8220;v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i&#8221; hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, khi xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 &#8220;v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i&#8221; hay kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea5u xa c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y khi xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd h\u1eefu \u00edch. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u1eb7p r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean Internet, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gioi_thieu_ve_cac_bien_phap_cua_van_phong_luat_su_cua_chung_toi\"><\/span>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 IT, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Internet v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf qua th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 lan truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. Chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith: <a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/practices\/reputation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do tin \u0111\u1ed3n[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean Internet. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 th\u00f4ng qua di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u1ea9n danh v\u00e0 SNS tr\u1edf  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":58936,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58799"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58799"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58799\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59530,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58799\/revisions\/59530"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58799"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58799"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58799"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}