M\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n khi vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra “quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3”. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra cho \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec khi c\u00e2u “Khi \u0111i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m d\u00e0i qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u1ebft” tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a “Kawabata Yasunari”, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e2u “H\u00f4m nay tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft “H\u00f4m nay tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng”, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 “ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m” v\u00e0 “t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m”. \u0110i\u1ec1u 1, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Copyright Law) \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 “nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o suy ngh\u0129 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c”. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 “t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m” v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m”, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 “t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3” (M\u1ee5c 2 c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u) c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1eady th\u00ec, t\u1eeb khi n\u00e0o c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ng\u1eafn nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u hay ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 “t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m”?<\/p>\n\n\n\n