{"id":59671,"date":"2023-10-27T15:44:06","date_gmt":"2023-10-27T06:44:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=59671"},"modified":"2023-11-09T10:35:02","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T01:35:02","slug":"copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i \u1ea3nh"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i l\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 Instagram, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p s\u1ebd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n&#8221;. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 &#8220;b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u00f3a bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi&#8221;, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n &#8211; Japanese Copyright Law. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n (ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c), quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t sinh cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ngay khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/copyright-infringement-on-instagram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/monolith.law\/reputation\/copyright-infringement-on-instagram[ja]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Truong_hop_anh_chup_mat_truoc_cua_san_pham\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Truong_hop_anh_tu_suong_cua_nguyen_don\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Truong_hop_chup_anh_cac_cong_trinh_kien_truc_ngoai_troi\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Truong_hop_anh_mo_hinh_trong_cuoc_thi_kieu_toc\" title=\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trong cu\u1ed9c thi ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trong cu\u1ed9c thi ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/copyright-property-and-author-by-posting-photos\/#Tom_tat\" title=\"T\u00f3m t\u1eaft\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_anh_chup_mat_truoc_cua_san_pham\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/shutterstock_1325422601.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6877\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty X, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n kinh doanh t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty A, \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o v\u00e0 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Sick House, \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (quy\u1ec1n sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng) khi c\u00f4ng ty Y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p hai b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y (\u1ea3nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng) tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f2a \u00e1n s\u01a1 th\u1ea9m (T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Yokohama, ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2005 (2005)) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee5p m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. D\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee5p n\u00e0o, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt t\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c phong c\u1ea3nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, n\u1ec1n, v.v., v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u1ea5p cao S\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2006 (2006)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed7i b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 &#8220;s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 g\u00f3c m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng, n\u1ec1n, v.v.&#8221;, v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u00e0, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee5p m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a bao b\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, n\u1ec1n, v.v., v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f4ng ty Y c\u0169ng &#8220;ch\u1ec9 coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee5p m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m&#8221; v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p, th\u00ec c\u00f4ng ty Y n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee5p. Tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c &#8220;M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh, v.v. m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3&#8221;, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee5p l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tr\u00ean Internet, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (quy\u1ec1n sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng), v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_anh_tu_suong_cua_nguyen_don\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/shutterstock_1454823944-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7061\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u1ea2nh t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trung gian, \u0111\u00e3 tranh c\u00e3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trang t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n Twitter c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 sao ch\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng khai \u1ea3nh ch\u00e2n dung hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng &#8220;Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v.v. \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft&#8221; v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trung gian ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2017 (2017)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ea2nh t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee5p b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, v.v. c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-\u30b3\u30fc\u30dd\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\uff08\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\uff09 wp-block-embed-\u30b3\u30fc\u30dd\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\uff08\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\uff09\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"KZXof5oL3j\"><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\">M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3&#8221; &#8212; \u30b3\u30fc\u30dd\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\uff08\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\uff09\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/relation-between-the-publication-of-photos-without-consent-and-copyright\/embed#?secret=QQTKXGQp5O#?secret=KZXof5oL3j\" data-secret=\"KZXof5oL3j\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_chup_anh_cac_cong_trinh_kien_truc_ngoai_troi\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ghi trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i &#8220;C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u1ef1 \u00fd ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng khai kh\u00f4ng&#8221;, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi&#8221; ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 trong qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-\u30b3\u30fc\u30dd\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\uff08\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\uff09 wp-block-embed-\u30b3\u30fc\u30dd\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\uff08\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\uff09\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"N8sCWKj9d4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng?&#8221; &#8212; \u30b3\u30fc\u30dd\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\uff08\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\uff09\" src=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/internet\/photographing-others-property\/embed#?secret=hXQ5zFhVM2#?secret=N8sCWKj9d4\" data-secret=\"N8sCWKj9d4\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh C\u1ea7u V\u1ecbnh Yokohama v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng l\u00ean trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xin ph\u00e9p l\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. C\u1ea7u V\u1ecbnh Yokohama, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh trong h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee5p n\u00f3, ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau c\u1ef1, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee5p, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, v.v. s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<cite>T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo, ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2019 (n\u0103m 2019 theo l\u1ecbch Gregory)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p c\u1ea3nh quan v\u1edbi C\u1ea7u V\u1ecbnh Yokohama l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan ph\u00eda sau C\u1ea7u V\u1ecbnh Yokohama v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft v\u00e0o, v.v., \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, g\u00f3c ch\u1ee5p, v.v. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>C\u00f9ng tr\u00ean <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, &#8220;Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y&#8221;, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh cho nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi. C\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tham kh\u1ea3o h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xin ph\u00e9p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sao n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng l\u00ean, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau c\u1ef1, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ee5p, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, v.v. s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ai ch\u1ee5p, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p n\u00f3, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n n\u00ean th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 g\u00f3c ch\u1ee5p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_anh_mo_hinh_trong_cuoc_thi_kieu_toc\"><\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trong cu\u1ed9c thi ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/Monolith.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/shutterstock_711308113.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6878\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, ai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3? C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ai l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n: quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n) b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 theo ngh\u0129a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba k\u1ebf. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy\u1ec1n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n) trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c th\u1eeba k\u1ebf n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1eeb ba nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh trong cu\u1ed9c thi ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y trong t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n thanh to\u00e1n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ph\u00ed c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (quy\u1ec1n sao ch\u00e9p). Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 ba nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy\u1ec1n cho h\u1ecd, trong khi nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m chung c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u00f3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tranh ch\u1ea5p trong phi\u00ean t\u00f2a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 g\u00f3c m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite> Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2015 (2015) <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0 &#8220;Ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c, trang \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia&#8221;, v\u00e0 &#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u1ea3nh, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00e0nh vi bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n&#8221;, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 ba nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 chung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh t\u1eeb ba nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m trong vi\u1ec7c vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (quy\u1ec1n sao ch\u00e9p), v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho h\u1ecd thanh to\u00e1n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ph\u00ed c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c v\u00e0 trang \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>&#8220;\u1ea2nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 g\u00f3c m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00e9o, v.v.), c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o b\u00f3ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, n\u1ec1n, v.v. Trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0n tr\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, v.v., ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea5y n\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh s\u1ed1.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<cite> C\u00f9ng tr\u00ean <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0 &#8220;N\u1ebfu bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh&#8221;, th\u00ec quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_tat\"><\/span>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh b\u1ea1n y\u00eau th\u00edch v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u00fang tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c sao ch\u00e9p ch\u00fang tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi ph\u1ea1m lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Quy t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh do ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1n ch\u1ee5p, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y xin ph\u00e9p t\u1eeb t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i l\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 Instagram, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p s\u1ebd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n&#8221;. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u1ea3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":60748,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[21,41],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59671"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59671"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59671\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60749,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59671\/revisions\/60749"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59671"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59671"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59671"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}