{"id":71490,"date":"2025-10-11T01:10:16","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T16:10:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=71490"},"modified":"2025-10-21T21:06:15","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T12:06:15","slug":"labor-action-legality-japan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 trong lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: ranh gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 &#8220;t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u 28 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do li\u00ean k\u1ebft, quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 &#8220;ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221;. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a &#8220;s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221;, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00f4ng ty. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 &#8220;ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221; v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ranh gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. Ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n qua s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u00f2a \u00e1n qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 trong lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Nhung_Khai_Niem_Co_Ban_ve_Hanh_Dong_Tap_The_trong_Luat_Lao_Dong_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"Nh\u1eefng Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eadp Th\u1ec3 trong Lu\u1eadt Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">Nh\u1eefng Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eadp Th\u1ec3 trong Lu\u1eadt Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Bao_ve_phap_ly_cho_cac_hanh_dong_tap_the_chinh_dang\" title=\"B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng\">B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Mien_tru_hinh_su\" title=\"Mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1\">Mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Mien_tru_dan_su\" title=\"Mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\">Mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb d\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Cam_doi_xu_bat_loi\" title=\"C\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i\">C\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Tieu_chuan_danh_gia_tinh_chinh_dang_cua_hanh_dong_tap_the_duoi_Luat_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_chu_the\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3\">T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_muc_dich\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\">T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_thu_tuc\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c\">T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_phuong_tien_va_cach_thuc\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c\">T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Hau_qua_phap_ly_cua_hanh_dong_tap_the_thieu_chinh_dang_theo_Luat_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng theo Lu\u1eadt Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng theo Lu\u1eadt Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/labor-action-legality-japan\/#Tom_luoc\" title=\"T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c\">T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_Khai_Niem_Co_Ban_ve_Hanh_Dong_Tap_The_trong_Luat_Lao_Dong_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eadp Th\u1ec3 trong Lu\u1eadt Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 28 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai danh m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p: &#8220;ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p&#8221;. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, &#8220;ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n&#8221; bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ea5p. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, ph\u00e1t t\u1edd r\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 kh\u00e1c, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, ho\u1eb7c \u0111eo huy hi\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, &#8220;h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p&#8221; l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, nh\u1eb1m \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng li\u00ean minh, l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfng, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong quan h\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng, nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng&#8221;. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng (Strike): H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i cung c\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. &nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00e0m bi\u1ebfng (Sabotage): H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. &nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Picketing: H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng. &nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n. Trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c li\u1ec7u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi &#8220;ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n&#8221; th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hay l\u00e0 &#8220;h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p&#8221; nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bao_ve_phap_ly_cho_cac_hanh_dong_tap_the_chinh_dang\"><\/span>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 do c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 &#8220;ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221;. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m ba tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t: mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, &#8220;t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221; \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t hay kh\u00f4ng. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mien_tru_hinh_su\"><\/span>Mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u 1, kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 &#8220;h\u00e0nh vi ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221; trong \u0110i\u1ec1u 35 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m nh\u01b0 t\u1ed9i c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 234 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, vi\u1ec7c tham gia piquet h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb truy c\u1ee9u theo t\u1ed9i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 130 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n). Tuy nhi\u00ean, mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u 1, kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng &#8220;trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n&#8221;, l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mien_tru_dan_su\"><\/span>Mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb d\u00e2n s\u1ef1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u 8 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00ec thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng li\u00ean minh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221;. \u0110\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfng l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5), v\u00e0 theo l\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh doanh m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu do c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cam_doi_xu_bat_loi\"><\/span>C\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u 7, m\u1ee5c 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng sa th\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 &#8220;h\u00e0nh vi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng&#8221;. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00ec h\u1ecd tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1edfi Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tieu_chuan_danh_gia_tinh_chinh_dang_cua_hanh_dong_tap_the_duoi_Luat_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 &#8220;ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221; hay kh\u00f4ng. Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p, t\u00f2a \u00e1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb m\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: \u2460 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3, \u2461 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, \u2462 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 \u2463 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n\/c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_chu_the\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p, theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n). C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng hoang d\u00e3&#8221;, do m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 ban \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd ch\u00ed chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_muc_dich\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5ng, gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i l\u00e0 &#8220;cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb&#8221;. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c ban h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 \u00e1n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t n\u0103m 1973 (1973), T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c tham gia h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p do c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 \u00e1n x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u Nagasaki c\u1ee7a Mitsubishi Heavy Industries n\u0103m 1992 (1992), T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 coi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng &#8220;v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ecb th\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng&#8221; v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u 28 Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3u &#8220;t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c thi h\u00e0nh&#8221; &#8211; kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n &#8211; c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef Kansai n\u0103m 2021 (2021), T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u1ea5p cao Osaka \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n do gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ebf t\u1eafc trong \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt do \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_thu_tuc\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u0169ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m &#8220;ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t &#8220;\u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh&#8221; quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng trong th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1c b\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. H\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn. Trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c xe bu\u00fdt K\u014dnan v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968 (1968), T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u00e0nh vi tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, &#8220;cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c th\u00ec l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn do vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng cao, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n. Trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe l\u1eeda Chiba c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001 (2001), T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u1ea5p cao Tokyo \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi gian b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o 5 ph\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng s\u1edbm h\u01a1n 12 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chinh_dang_cua_phuong_tien_va_cach_thuc\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 1, Kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Trade Union Act), d\u00f9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fd do g\u00ec \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec7n minh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c piqueting, ch\u1ec9 khi n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng; tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c ra v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n giao th\u00f4ng xe c\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c&#8221;, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng thay th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t&#8221;, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c ga Kurume c\u1ee7a Kokuro n\u0103m 1973 (1973), T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh doanh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft, t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 &#8220;quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng&#8221; ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i &#8220;quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hau_qua_phap_ly_cua_hanh_dong_tap_the_thieu_chinh_dang_theo_Luat_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng theo Lu\u1eadt Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham gia s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, v\u00e0 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p. Do m\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, chi ph\u00ed thu\u00ea nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean thay th\u1ebf, chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c, s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Chiba (\u56fd\u9244\u5343\u8449\u52d5\u529b\u8eca\u52b4\u50cd\u7d44\u5408), t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n 12 tri\u1ec7u y\u00ean. T\u00f9y t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb truy c\u1ee9u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh vi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do, vi ph\u1ea1m m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch, gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 sa th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Nagasaki Shipyard (\u4e09\u83f1\u91cd\u5de5\u696d\u9577\u5d0e\u9020\u8239\u6240) v\u00e0 v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef Kansai (\u95a2\u897f\u5916\u56fd\u8a9e\u5927\u5b66) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 ba, do m\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i h\u00e0nh hung ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch, chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c piqueting b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi \u0111e d\u1ecda ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_luoc\"><\/span>T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng&#8221;. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch cho th\u1ea5y, t\u00f2a \u00e1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung th\u1ee7y, ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd doanh nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh xem h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng hay kh\u00f4ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ch quan t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi x\u1ea3y ra tranh ch\u1ea5p. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i hay k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m phong ph\u00fa trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 khi x\u1ea3y ra tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u 28 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":71491,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,85],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71490"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71490"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71490\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71714,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71490\/revisions\/71714"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}