{"id":71545,"date":"2025-10-11T01:10:19","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T16:10:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=71545"},"modified":"2025-10-21T20:01:48","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T11:01:48","slug":"llc-member-rights-japan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan","title":{"rendered":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: T\u1eeb ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn tham gia qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (2006) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ty Godo Kaisha (LLC) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh LLC (Limited Liability Company) c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty mu\u1ed1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kinh doanh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Godo Kaisha l\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a &#8220;th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty&#8221; (shain). Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi &#8220;nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean&#8221; (j\u016bgy\u014din) trong c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, &#8220;th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty&#8221; c\u1ee7a Godo Kaisha l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. V\u1ecb th\u1ebf n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng trong c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng: Godo Kaisha nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean &#8220;s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd&#8221;. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 &#8220;ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n&#8221; m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty Godo Kaisha s\u1edf h\u1eefu, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty t\u1eeb hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i t\u1ef1 \u00edch) \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung (quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ed9ng \u00edch) \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e9t x\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Toan_canh_ve_quyen_loi_cua_thanh_vien_trong_Cong_ty_Hop_danh_theo_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_Nhat_Ban_Quyen_loi_ca_nhan_va_quyen_loi_chung\" title=\"To\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh theo Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung\">To\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh theo Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Noi_dung_cu_the_cua_quyen_loi_kinh_te_quyen_tu_loi_duoi_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf (quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i) d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf (quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i) d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Phan_chia_loi_nhuan_va_lo\" title=\"Ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7\">Ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Phan_phoi_loi_nhuan\" title=\"Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\">Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Noi_dung_cu_the_cua_quyen_tham_gia_va_giam_sat_quan_ly_quyen_loi_chung_theo_luat_phap_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n tham gia v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung) theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n tham gia v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung) theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Quyen_thuc_hien_nhiem_vu_va_quyen_dai_dien\" title=\"Quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n\">Quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Quyen_giam_sat_va_dieu_tra\" title=\"Quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra\">Quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#So_sanh_quyen_loi_giua_Cong_ty_Co_phan_KK_va_Cong_ty_Hop_danh_tai_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"So s\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n (KK) v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">So s\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n (KK) v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Xung_dot_giua_cac_thanh_vien_va_cac_phan_quyet_tai_Nhat_Ban_Viec_loai_tru_thanh_vien\" title=\"Xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean\">Xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/llc-member-rights-japan\/#Tong_ket\" title=\"T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft\">T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Toan_canh_ve_quyen_loi_cua_thanh_vien_trong_Cong_ty_Hop_danh_theo_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_Nhat_Ban_Quyen_loi_ca_nhan_va_quyen_loi_chung\"><\/span>To\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh theo Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng trong C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 &#8220;quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n&#8221;, v\u00e0 hai l\u00e0 &#8220;quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (\u3058\u3048\u304d\u3051\u3093) l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i khi c\u00f4ng ty gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung (\u304d\u3087\u3046\u3048\u304d\u3051\u3093) l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng ty, tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh. Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kinh doanh chung l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, do s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u1edf h\u1eefu (c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng) v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb), quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung (nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh, n\u01a1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh (quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung) tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy v\u1ec1 cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u00f4ng qua quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Noi_dung_cu_the_cua_quyen_loi_kinh_te_quyen_tu_loi_duoi_Luat_Doanh_nghiep_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf (quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i) d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: &#8220;ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ed7 l\u00e3i&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn&#8221;. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_chia_loi_nhuan_va_lo\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 622, kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y. Theo \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng n\u00e0o g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn (ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7) l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng qua &#8220;quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7&#8221;. C\u00e1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng A cung c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng B cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng B g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n \u00edt h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao h\u01a1n c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng A. S\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kinh doanh chung v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0110i\u1ec1u 622, kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n chia cho l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chung cho c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd, khi l\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00f3p th\u00eam v\u1ed1n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p khi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng r\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n chia t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i khi c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_phoi_loi_nhuan\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong khi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ed7 l\u00e3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u00ean s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n chia t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0110i\u1ec1u 621, Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japan&#8217;s Companies Act), c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong khi &#8220;ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u01b0 l\u1ee3i&#8221; c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn d\u01b0 v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n d\u01b0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n, th\u00ec &#8220;ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn&#8221; c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t. Theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 &#8220;sau khi k\u1ebft to\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 b\u00e1n s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh&#8221; s\u1ebd gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ef1 do trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 &#8220;ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u 628 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ecb r\u00fat ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i (ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p), tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 629, Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho c\u00f4ng ty. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y tr\u1eeb khi h\u1ecd ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u01a1 l\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p thanh to\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Noi_dung_cu_the_cua_quyen_tham_gia_va_giam_sat_quan_ly_quyen_loi_chung_theo_luat_phap_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n tham gia v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung) theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Trong c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh, n\u01a1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quyen_thuc_hien_nhiem_vu_va_quyen_dai_dien\"><\/span>Quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cho ph\u00e9p, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7t ra nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh, sau \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh th\u00f4ng qua \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0110i\u1ec1u 590, Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ty (quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5). Khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111a s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, tr\u1eeb khi \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c (\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, Kho\u1ea3n 2). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ty (quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n), theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 599, Kho\u1ea3n 1 v\u00e0 Kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia v\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1edd r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. Do \u0111\u00f3, Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n cho ph\u00e9p t\u1eadp trung quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 &#8220;th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5&#8221;. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi \u0111a s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 (\u0110i\u1ec1u 591, Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 &#8220;th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n&#8221;. Khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5&#8221; t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quyen_giam_sat_va_dieu_tra\"><\/span>Quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 592, Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi sai tr\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ea7m trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u 592, Kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, trong khi cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng &#8220;kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ngay c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p l\u00fd sau \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tranh ch\u1ea5p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_quyen_loi_giua_Cong_ty_Co_phan_KK_va_Cong_ty_Hop_danh_tai_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n (KK) v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng trong C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 &#8220;s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &#8220;ph\u00e2n chia s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd&#8221;, n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng \u1ee7y th\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &#8220;s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd&#8221;, n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Do \u0111\u00f3, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 do trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n qua c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda n\u01a1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td><td>C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh<\/td><td>C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/td><td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 do trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7<\/td><td>Theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tu\u00e2n theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C\u01a1 quan quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean\/qu\u00e1 b\u00e1n<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft<\/td><td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 b\u00e1n s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7)<\/td><td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/td><td>Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean)<\/td><td>H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/td><td>Nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n<\/td><td>Ph\u00e2n chia<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n<\/td><td>C\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c<\/td><td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do (tr\u1eeb c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong khi C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, thu h\u00fat v\u1ed1n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xung_dot_giua_cac_thanh_vien_va_cac_phan_quyet_tai_Nhat_Ban_Viec_loai_tru_thanh_vien\"><\/span>Xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u1edbn khi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t khi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c xung \u0111\u1ed9t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng ty, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 859 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 b\u00e1n s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c. Hai ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n sau \u0111\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch &#8220;l\u00fd do kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi&#8221; n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, c\u00f3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2019. V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh g\u1ed3m hai th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ee3, A, \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean Y. A c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c Y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd c\u1ee7a A \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u xem x\u00e9t s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf to\u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. L\u00fd do ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Y m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Y s\u1ebd g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ty, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 &#8220;kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, c\u00f3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2021. V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh g\u1ed3m hai th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean (ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n) \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 859, kho\u1ea3n 3 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hai ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n xem x\u00e9t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh vi gian l\u1eadn nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty (nh\u01b0 tham \u00f4) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xung \u0111\u1ed9t tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Godo Kaisha) t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung. \u0110i\u1ec3m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7. T\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ty theo s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, t\u1eeb quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p l\u00fd khi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tin c\u1eady gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, do \u0111\u00f3, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ngay t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kinh doanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y n\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, quy tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111a d\u1ea1ng cho nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p cho C\u00f4ng ty H\u1ee3p danh. V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (2006) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ty Godo Kaisha (LLC) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t tro [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":71546,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,85],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71545"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71545"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71545\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71562,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71545\/revisions\/71562"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71545"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71545"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71545"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}