{"id":71590,"date":"2025-10-12T15:40:47","date_gmt":"2025-10-12T06:40:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=71590"},"modified":"2025-10-19T15:02:29","modified_gmt":"2025-10-19T06:02:29","slug":"types-copyrighted-works-japan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00edn Lo\u1ea1i T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9 Theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n C\u00f9ng V\u1edbi C\u00e1c Th\u00ed D\u1ee5 \u00c1n L\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tinh vi c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. Trong khi nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t sinh ngay khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 &#8216;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&#8217;, b\u1ea1n lu\u00f4n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n r\u1ee7i ro vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 hay bi\u1ebft. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u 2, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Copyright Law) \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 &#8216;s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c&#8217;. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung cho \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 9 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kinh doanh, k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Dinh_nghia_%E2%80%9CTac_pham%E2%80%9D_trong_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a &#8220;T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&#8221; trong Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a &#8220;T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&#8221; trong Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Cac_Loai_Hinh_Dien_Hinh_cua_Tac_Pham_theo_Luat_Ban_Quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i H\u00ecnh \u0110i\u1ec3n H\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i H\u00ecnh \u0110i\u1ec3n H\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_ngon_ngu_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_am_nhac_duoi_luat_ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_mua_hoac_kich_cam_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00faa ho\u1eb7c k\u1ecbch c\u00e2m theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00faa ho\u1eb7c k\u1ecbch c\u00e2m theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_My_thuat_duoi_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_kien_truc_duoi_luat_ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_hinh_hoc_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_dien_anh_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_nhiep_anh_duoi_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tac_pham_chuong_trinh_may_tinh_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#So_sanh_tieu_chuan_danh_gia_tinh_sang_tao_trong_cac_tac_pham\" title=\"So s\u00e1nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\">So s\u00e1nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/types-copyrighted-works-japan\/#Tong_ket\" title=\"T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft\">T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh_nghia_%E2%80%9CTac_pham%E2%80%9D_trong_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a &#8220;T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&#8221; trong Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 b\u1edfi quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&#8221; theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 2, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a &#8220;\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi danh m\u1ee5c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n &#8220;chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1p Tokyo l\u00e0 333 m\u00e9t&#8221; l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch quan kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng hay c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t &#8220;m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221;. &#8220;S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i mang gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt cao ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 ba, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t&#8221;. Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 &#8220;bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t&#8221;, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i &#8220;\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng&#8221; \u0111\u1eb1ng sau n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#8220;nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t&#8221;. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 &#8220;bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t&#8221; v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng mang m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a. N\u1ebfu \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn sau s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf. Lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p gi\u1eef \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a &#8220;bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t&#8221; c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u, n\u1ed9i dung h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kinh doanh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c &#8220;l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c&#8221;. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u0103n h\u00f3a, lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 lu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_Loai_Hinh_Dien_Hinh_cua_Tac_Pham_theo_Luat_Ban_Quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i H\u00ecnh \u0110i\u1ec3n H\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 10, kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Nihon no Chosakuken-hou) li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ch\u00edn lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_ngon_ngu_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n, lu\u1eadn v\u0103n, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n hay b\u1ea3n sao qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng &#8220;c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt&#8221; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2001 (2001), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#8220;v\u1ee5 \u00e1n Esashi Oiwake&#8221;. Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Esashi, Hokkaido \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng trong m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh c\u00e3i. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u1ecfng theo (t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3), c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec &#8220;nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t&#8221; c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 &#8220;tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn&#8221; nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m chung gi\u1eefa hai t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Esashi t\u1eebng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1edd ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 herring v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Oiwake to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong t\u1eebng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn quan tr\u1ecdng cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh. Vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh, v\u00e0 th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sao ch\u00e9p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t. Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 &#8220;bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t&#8221; c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i &#8220;s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt&#8221; hay &#8220;\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng&#8221; \u0111\u1eb1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_am_nhac_duoi_luat_ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c (s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a giai \u0111i\u1ec7u, h\u00f2a \u00e2m, v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u). Ngo\u00e0i ra, l\u1eddi b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2022, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#8220;v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c&#8221;. Trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ai c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 thanh to\u00e1n ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho &#8220;c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang&#8221; l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh nghe, v\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, do \u0111\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi &#8220;qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t&#8221; h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh v\u00e0 thu l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t&#8221; n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng karaoke hay c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kinh doanh cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ea3i n\u1ed9i dung l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_mua_hoac_kich_cam_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00faa ho\u1eb7c k\u1ecbch c\u00e2m theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00faa ho\u1eb7c k\u1ecbch c\u00e2m (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 3 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00faa ballet, m\u00faa Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ea3y kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2018 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Osaka, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00faa Hula&#8221;. Trong v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00faa Hula c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m tranh c\u00e3i. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00faa Hula (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1edbi (ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7). T\u00f2a \u00e1n sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n sau v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng m\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u00faa, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua video, k\u00fd x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c qua s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p thu\u00ea ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00faa \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. Bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00faa s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00faa l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_My_thuat_duoi_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 4 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m tranh v\u1ebd, in \u1ea5n, \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc, truy\u1ec7n tranh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 &#8220;m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng&#8221;, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao S\u1edf h\u1eefu Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2015 (2015), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#8220;v\u1ee5 \u00e1n TRIPP TRAPP&#8221;. V\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y tranh c\u00e3i li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gh\u1ebf tr\u1ebb em s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea1nh tranh, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 gh\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 lu\u1eadt S\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf, lu\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u (th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u ba chi\u1ec1u), lu\u1eadt Ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. So v\u1edbi th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf, b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i sau 70 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111a di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_kien_truc_duoi_luat_ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 5 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u6cd5\u7b2c10\u6761\u7b2c1\u9805\u7b2c5\u53f7) c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hay t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy chu\u1ea9n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Osaka v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2003 (2003\u5e7410\u670830\u65e5), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#8220;v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c Sekisui House&#8221;. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 \u1edf l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 sao ch\u00e9p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. L\u00fd do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt cao \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 &#8220;ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac&#8221;, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u0103n h\u00f3a, tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t ra r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n cao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 do m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 b\u1edfi quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u hay ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_hinh_hoc_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 6 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. S\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1ch quan m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong danh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac&#8221; nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e1p l\u00fd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n). B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf do ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 t\u1ea1o ra, theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 sao ch\u00e9p b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n giao cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1ee7y th\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng) c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, v.v&#8230; l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_dien_anh_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 7 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 2, Kho\u1ea3n 3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf phim chi\u1ebfu r\u1ea1p, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m &#8220;c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 phim \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3&#8221;. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, phim qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1984, trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng &#8220;Pac-Man&#8221;. Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, h\u00e0nh vi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ch\u01a1i game &#8220;Pac-Man&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m game \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh c\u00e3i xem c\u00f3 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfu phim) hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng chu\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi (c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh) trong ROM c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p video game t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n sau n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh game l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t game h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim (quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfu phim, quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, v.v.). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u 29 Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim (c\u00f4ng ty game), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n game ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc gi\u00fap ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p game c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_nhiep_anh_duoi_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 8 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2001 (2001) c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u1ea5p cao Tokyo, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#8220;V\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u1ea3nh d\u01b0a h\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e1t&#8221;. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng, g\u00f3c ch\u1ee5p, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5m m\u00e1y, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay, khi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp tr\u00ean Internet, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh do ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p tr\u00ean website c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ho\u1eb7c trong qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, x\u00e1c minh quan h\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u00ean coi m\u1ecdi b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_chuong_trinh_may_tinh_theo_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 10, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 9 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Kho\u1ea3n 3 c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u 10. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho &#8220;bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3&#8221; (m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n) c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho &#8220;ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh&#8221; c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c &#8220;quy \u01b0\u1edbc (giao th\u1ee9c)&#8221; nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 &#8220;ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft (thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n)&#8221; l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n Qu\u1eadn Osaka v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2024 (2024). Trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tranh c\u00e3i. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 &#8220;ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p&#8221; v\u00e0 t\u1eeb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 (kho\u1ea3ng 120 trang \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng A4), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. L\u00fd do l\u00e0 do m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 giao d\u1ecbch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i gi\u1eefa hai b\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 giao m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 &#8220;s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u1ea7m&#8221; cho vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd doanh nghi\u1ec7p giao vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f3i quen giao d\u1ecbch hay s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 ai c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m hay thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i hay kh\u00f4ng, quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_tieu_chuan_danh_gia_tinh_sang_tao_trong_cac_tac_pham\"><\/span><a><\/a>So s\u00e1nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u &#8220;t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221; trong Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. T\u00f2a \u00e1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cao nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t, th\u00ec t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn theo m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/td><td>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n li\u00ean quan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/td><td>C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 &#8220;ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac&#8221;<\/td><td>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n Sekisui House<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng)<\/td><td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td><td>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n TRIPP TRAPP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/td><td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n Esashi Oiwake<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh<\/td><td>C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n, v.v.<\/td><td>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u1ea2nh D\u01b0a h\u1ea5u T\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e1t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/td><td>C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf trong bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/td><td>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Osaka ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2024 (2024)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><a><\/a>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 qua c\u00e1c \u00e1n l\u1ec7 m\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Nh\u1eefng \u00e1n l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221; c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p cho t\u1eebng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n phong ph\u00fa cho nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tinh vi c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. Trong khi nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":71591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,85],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71590"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71627,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71590\/revisions\/71627"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}