{"id":71763,"date":"2025-10-23T22:37:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T13:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/?p=71763"},"modified":"2025-12-18T22:36:30","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T13:36:30","slug":"copyright-protection-term-japan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Trong danh m\u1ee5c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v.v. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba r\u1ee7i ro. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf chung v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o trong c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t sinh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9. Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &#8220;kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c&#8221; (mushiki shugi), kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hay n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n n\u00e0o v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ngay khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&#8221; v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong di\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u &#8220;t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221;. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hay d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Sau khi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ph\u00e1t sinh, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9: nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t sinh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00e1n l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Su_Phat_Sinh_Quyen_Tac_Gia_Nguyen_Tac_Khong_Can_Thu_Tuc_va_Yeu_Cau_ve_Tinh_Sang_Tao\" title=\"S\u1ef1 Ph\u00e1t Sinh Quy\u1ec1n T\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3: Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7 T\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Y\u00eau C\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o\">S\u1ef1 Ph\u00e1t Sinh Quy\u1ec1n T\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3: Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7 T\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Y\u00eau C\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Nguyen_Tac_Khong_Can_Thu_Tuc\" title=\"Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7 T\u1ee5c\">Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7 T\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#%E2%80%9CTinh_Sang_Tao%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_Tien_De_Cho_Tinh_Chat_Cua_Tac_Pham\" title=\"&#8220;T\u00ednh S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o&#8221; &#8211; Ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec1 Cho T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ee7a T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m\">&#8220;T\u00ednh S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o&#8221; &#8211; Ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec1 Cho T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ee7a T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Quan_diem_ve_thoi_han_bao_ho_quyen_tac_gia_tai_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Nguyen_tac_bao_ho_co_ban_70_nam_sau_khi_tac_gia_qua_doi\" title=\"Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: 70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: 70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Thoi_Han_Bao_Ho_Ngoai_Le\" title=\"Th\u1eddi H\u1ea1n B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i L\u1ec7\">Th\u1eddi H\u1ea1n B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i L\u1ec7<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Tac_pham_chua_biet_ten_hoac_dung_but_danh\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng b\u00fat danh\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng b\u00fat danh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Tac_pham_co_ten_nguoi_dai_dien_tap_the\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Tac_pham_dien_anh_duoi_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\" title=\"T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#So_sanh_Thoi_han_Bao_ho\" title=\"So s\u00e1nh Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9\">So s\u00e1nh Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/general-corporate\/copyright-protection-term-japan\/#Tom_luoc\" title=\"T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c\">T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_Phat_Sinh_Quyen_Tac_Gia_Nguyen_Tac_Khong_Can_Thu_Tuc_va_Yeu_Cau_ve_Tinh_Sang_Tao\"><\/span>S\u1ef1 Ph\u00e1t Sinh Quy\u1ec1n T\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3: Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7 T\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Y\u00eau C\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t sinh khi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t sinh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i: &#8220;Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;T\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguyen_Tac_Khong_Can_Thu_Tuc\"><\/span>Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7 T\u1ee5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 &#8220;Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n hay \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hay quy\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ngay khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 17, Kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Quy\u1ec1n T\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: &#8220;Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1edd nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o do nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ea1o ra, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh do nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, hay m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n do l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft ra, \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 theo lu\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ngay khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1ea5u \u00a9 (d\u1ea5u b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n) th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c trang web hay \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i. D\u1ea5u \u00a9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu. Khi x\u1ea3y ra tranh ch\u1ea5p, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p th\u1eddi gian s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CTinh_Sang_Tao%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_Tien_De_Cho_Tinh_Chat_Cua_Tac_Pham\"><\/span>&#8220;T\u00ednh S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o&#8221; &#8211; Ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec1 Cho T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ee7a T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd. \u0110i\u1ec1u 2, Kho\u1ea3n 1, M\u1ee5c 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Quy\u1ec1n T\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 &#8220;nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c&#8221;. Trong \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e0 &#8220;t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt cao, t\u00ednh m\u1edbi m\u1ebb hay \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sao ch\u00e9p \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, th\u00ec t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hay d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 tranh ch\u1ea5p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 &#8220;V\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u NTT Town Page&#8221; (Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn Tokyo ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1997). Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a &#8220;Town Page&#8221;, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u danh b\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi &#8220;Hello Page&#8221; ch\u1ec9 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u00ean c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong &#8220;Town Page&#8221; th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang x\u1eed l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 danh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng hay d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 b\u1edfi quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u &#8220;s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng&#8221; c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o hay kh\u00f4ng (theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 12-2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Quy\u1ec1n T\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n). N\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 b\u1edfi quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c li\u1ec7u t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin \u0111a t\u1ea7ng, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 b\u00ed m\u1eadt kinh doanh theo Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng Ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ea1nh Tranh Kh\u00f4ng L\u00e0nh M\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan_diem_ve_thoi_han_bao_ho_quyen_tac_gia_tai_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e3i m\u00e3i. Lu\u1eadt Quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a chung c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (public domain), nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Do \u0111\u00f3, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 &#8220;nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc theo n\u0103m l\u1ecbch&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u 57 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, khi t\u00ednh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo&#8221; sau khi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, ng\u00e0y c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, ng\u00e0y s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m x\u1ea3y ra. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2024, ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2025. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 70 n\u0103m, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2094. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc theo n\u0103m l\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chung cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong Lu\u1eadt Quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chia th\u00e0nh hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 &#8220;nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eed vong&#8221; \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Hai l\u00e0 &#8220;nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1&#8221; \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguyen_tac_bao_ho_co_ban_70_nam_sau_khi_tac_gia_qua_doi\"><\/span>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: 70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong 70 n\u0103m sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean th\u1eadt (ho\u1eb7c b\u00fat danh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng). \u0110i\u1ec1u 51, kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: &#8220;B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i&#8230; cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft 70 n\u0103m sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.&#8221; Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 &#8220;50 n\u0103m sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft&#8221;, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00e0nh &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft&#8221; k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2018 do s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt theo Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c Xuy\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (TPP11). Vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &#8220;kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m chung&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng nhau, c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 ch\u00fat kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, theo \u0111i\u1ec1u 51, kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng qua \u0111\u1eddi&#8221;. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft chung b\u1edfi hai t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t khi m\u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua \u0111\u1eddi, m\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh 70 n\u0103m t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i qua \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m chung l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thoi_Han_Bao_Ho_Ngoai_Le\"><\/span>Th\u1eddi H\u1ea1n B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i L\u1ec7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eed vong c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ai, ho\u1eb7c khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;t\u1eed vong&#8221;. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Copyright Law) \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n do ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_chua_biet_ten_hoac_dung_but_danh\"><\/span>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng b\u00fat danh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00ean th\u1eadt, m\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00fat danh ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ghi t\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0110i\u1ec1u 52 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 cho nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp cho quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, n\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi 70 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tr\u00f4i qua, \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 70 n\u0103m sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 qua, th\u00ec th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sau \u0111\u00e2y trong th\u1eddi gian quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\" start=\"1\">\n<li>T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u00ean th\u1eadt t\u1ea1i C\u01a1 quan V\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 75 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi t\u00ean th\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c b\u00fat danh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_co_ten_nguoi_dai_dien_tap_the\"><\/span>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m do doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 danh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n&#8221; theo lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m &#8220;t\u1eed vong&#8221; nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, b\u1edfi ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;ch\u1ebft&#8221;. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0110i\u1ec1u 53 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1&#8221;. N\u1ebfu t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 trong v\u00f2ng 70 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac sau &#8220;70 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o th\u00ec ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 &#8220;t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0110i\u1ec1u 15 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n, b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n (tr\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 do ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 70 n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m do nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ai l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_pham_dien_anh_duoi_Luat_Ban_quyen_Nhat_Ban\"><\/span>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u 54 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1&#8221;. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m mang t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 trong v\u00f2ng 70 n\u0103m sau khi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac sau &#8220;70 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xung quanh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 \u00e1n quan tr\u1ecdng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed3i t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m tranh c\u00e3i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 &#8220;v\u1ee5 \u00e1n Shane&#8221; (ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2007). V\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 phim &#8220;Shane&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1953. Theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 cho phim l\u00e0 50 n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a &#8220;Shane&#8221; s\u1ebd h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2003. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2004, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 cho phim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00ean 70 n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1. Ph\u00eda ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 cho r\u1eb1ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho &#8220;Shane&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i. L\u00fd do c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft l\u00e0, t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m lu\u1eadt s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2004, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a &#8220;Shane&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, 31 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2003, v\u00e0 phim \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 sau n\u00e0y, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed3i t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng hay kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_Thoi_han_Bao_ho\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay. B\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><td>Lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/td><td>Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ean th\u1eadt<\/td><td>70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi<\/td><td>Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau n\u0103m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 qua \u0111\u1eddi<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec1u 51 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m chung<\/td><td>70 n\u0103m sau khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng qua \u0111\u1eddi<\/td><td>Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau n\u0103m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng qua \u0111\u1eddi<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec1u 51 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00f4 danh ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng b\u00fat danh<\/td><td>70 n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/td><td>Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau n\u0103m t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec1u 52 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m mang t\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/td><td>70 n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/td><td>Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau n\u0103m t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec1u 53 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh<\/td><td>70 n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/td><td>Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau n\u0103m t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/td><td>\u0110i\u1ec1u 54 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_luoc\"><\/span>T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese copyright system) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb khi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t sinh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. Trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t sinh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c&#8221;, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi &#8220;t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o&#8221; l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. V\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau khi qua \u0111\u1eddi&#8221;, trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m phim, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 l\u00e0 &#8220;70 n\u0103m sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1&#8221;. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty s\u1edf h\u1eefu ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n phong ph\u00fa cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ecfi trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 xuy\u00ean bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua giao ti\u1ebfp tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong kinh doanh cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ecdi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong danh m\u1ee5c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v.v. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":71764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,85],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71763"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71763"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71763\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72299,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71763\/revisions\/72299"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71763"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71763"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71763"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}