<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nTrong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kinh doanh, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd “t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o”. Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 “t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o chung b\u1edfi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb”. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh chung gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m duy nh\u1ea5t; th\u1ee9 hai, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi “t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p”, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 gi\u1eef b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu hai bi\u00ean k\u1ecbch c\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c vi\u1ebft n\u00ean m\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. Quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: “quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3” b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 “quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n)” b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0110i\u1ec1u 64 Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 65 Kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng lu\u1eadt y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc “s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi” n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p) cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0110i\u1ec1u 65 Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y v\u1eeba nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong kinh doanh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “b\u1ebf t\u1eafc b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n” – t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, b\u00e1n, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3, khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1ea5m “vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tin c\u1eady” \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn (\u0110i\u1ec1u 64 Kho\u1ea3n 2) v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn “n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng” \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n) (\u0110i\u1ec1u 65 Kho\u1ea3n 3). Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0 “vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tin c\u1eady” ho\u1eb7c “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng” cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec7n t\u1ee5ng, m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho kinh doanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Do \u0111\u00f3, khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o chung, vi\u1ec7c k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n, ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ebf t\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n| \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td> | T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/td> | T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/td><\/tr><\/thead> |
| Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/td> | C\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh chung t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/td> | M\u1ed7i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i.<\/td><\/tr> |
| Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p<\/td> | Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/td> | C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/td><\/tr> |
| Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n<\/td> | Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/td> | M\u1ed7i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/td><\/tr> |
| V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/td> | K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft chung b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/td> | Tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/span>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Trong Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n: Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nKhi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee9ng minh ai l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 “gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3”. \u0110i\u1ec1u 14 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng “ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi… \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb theo c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh” ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y m\u1edbi b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a quy \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n S\u1edf h\u1eefu Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 C\u1ea5p cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong “Tr\u0103m v\u1ee5 \u00e1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 “bi\u00ean t\u1eadp vi\u00ean” c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0, theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 14 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 tham gia th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u00ean t\u1eadp. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c b\u1ecf gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 danh hi\u1ec7u hay hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t” c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i hai h\u00e0m \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn d\u1eaft d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. Th\u1ee9 hai, ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb sai l\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau s\u00e1ch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi y\u00eau s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. Trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ghi c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 hay th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/span>Ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng s\u1ed1 1: T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nTrong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i xin ph\u00e9p t\u1eebng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v.v. m\u1ed7i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng “t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c” nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u 15 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau \u0111\u00e2y theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 15, Kho\u1ea3n 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n- \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1o ra.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n
<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0110i\u1ec1u 15, Kho\u1ea3n 2 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, “c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c”, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n| Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n | T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v.v.)<\/td>\n | Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1. \u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3. T\u1ea1o ra trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4. C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n | Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 5. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n | C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i t\u00f2a \u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a “ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c”. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m do nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, ho\u1eb7c freelancer c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ra, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2003 (2003\u5e744\u670811\u65e5) trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c “RGB Adventure”. Trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi visa du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t anime Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty. T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t (l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t) thay v\u00ec b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u00f2a \u00e1n cho r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: (1) li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 (2) li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, v\u00ec nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n sau n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c “Photographer” (ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n S\u1edf h\u1eefu Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 C\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2009 (2009\u5e7412\u670824\u65e5)), m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c “Valhalla Gate of the Divine Prison” (ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n S\u1edf h\u1eefu Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 C\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2016 (2016\u5e742\u670825\u65e5)), m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng th\u1ebb ch\u1ea5m c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra l\u00e0 “th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y” c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi freelancer v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i, ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1p l\u00fd trong vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ghi l\u00e0 “d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ngo\u00e0i”, n\u1ebfu trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n theo gi\u1edd, th\u00ec t\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Do \u0111\u00f3, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa n\u1ed9i dung h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/span>Ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng s\u1ed1 2: T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n, bi\u00ean k\u1ecbch, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c quay phim, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n), r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 “b\u1ebf t\u1eafc b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i cho phim tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn, lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0110i\u1ec1u 16 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Copyright Law) \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a “t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3” c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, quay phim, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c.” \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c quay phim. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1edf h\u1eefu “quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3” kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 “quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n,” \u0110i\u1ec1u 29 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng. Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n, v.v.), m\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh,” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim.” Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c \u1ee7y ban s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0o tay nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro kinh doanh, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n phim m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n th\u00e2n cho t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong khi t\u1eadp trung quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o tay nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1p l\u00fd h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>B\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng M\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n <\/p>\n G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI), vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n cho n\u1ed9i dung do m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 n\u0103m 1993 b\u1edfi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c C\u01a1 quan V\u0103n h\u00f3a, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5”. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AI v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (nh\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ecdn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tham s\u1ed1, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, v.v.), bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, AI kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c “AI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng” m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m do AI t\u1ea1o ra, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m”. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5”, ngay c\u1ea3 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng AI \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ed9i dung, vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n <\/span>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 theo Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Japanese Copyright Law) xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3”. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o chung b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c do nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra, v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m phim \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kinh doanh. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kinh doanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o xung \u0111\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, vi\u1ec7c k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp quan h\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Monolith c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m phong ph\u00fa trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p cho nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh, s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kinh doanh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Trong lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 “ai l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3” l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m lu\u1eadn c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec3m cho m\u1ecdi quan h\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf hay quy\u1ec1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":71778,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[24,85],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71777"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71777"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72253,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71777\/revisions\/72253"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monolith.law\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} | |